CN114251136A - Compression expansion type energy storage system and energy storage control method - Google Patents
Compression expansion type energy storage system and energy storage control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251136A CN114251136A CN202111562599.4A CN202111562599A CN114251136A CN 114251136 A CN114251136 A CN 114251136A CN 202111562599 A CN202111562599 A CN 202111562599A CN 114251136 A CN114251136 A CN 114251136A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/003—Combinations of two or more machines or engines with at least two independent shafts, i.e. cross-compound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
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Abstract
The invention provides a compression expansion type energy storage system and an energy storage control method, wherein the energy storage system comprises: the first energy storage module consumes more compression power than expansion power generation; the compression power consumption of the second energy storage module is less than the expansion power generation of the second energy storage module; the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are coaxially connected through a main shaft, the main shaft is connected with a motor generator, and the motor generator is used for providing mechanical energy required by the first energy storage module and absorbing mechanical energy of the second energy storage module; the compression loops of the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are respectively provided with a heat storage tank, and the expansion loops of the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are respectively provided with a cold storage tank. In the energy storage system provided by the invention, the first energy storage module is only used for generating cold and heat and storing electricity when in operation; the second energy storage module operates to generate electrical energy from the stored cold and heat. The first energy storage module and the second energy storage module can be selectively switched according to the use requirement; the operation mode of the energy storage system is flexible and adjustable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump electricity storage, in particular to a compression expansion type energy storage system and an energy storage control method.
Background
With the increasing exhaustion of traditional energy sources, the demand of the modern society for the utilization of renewable energy sources is higher and higher. How to improve the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and improve the utilization quality of renewable energy becomes a focus of global attention. Energy storage technology is considered to be a key technology for large-scale application of renewable energy.
At present, energy storage technologies comprise physical energy storage such as pumped storage and compressed air energy storage, and electrochemical energy storage such as lithium batteries, but the problems of high cost, poor safety and the like exist in large-scale application of the energy storage technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of high cost, low energy storage density and poor safety in the prior art, so as to provide a compression-expansion type energy storage system and an energy storage control method.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a compression-expansion type energy storage system, including:
the compression power consumption of the first energy storage module is larger than the expansion power generation of the first energy storage module;
the compression power consumption of the second energy storage module is less than the expansion power generation of the second energy storage module;
the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are coaxially connected through a main shaft, the main shaft is connected with a motor generator, and the motor generator is used for providing mechanical energy required by the first energy storage module and absorbing mechanical energy of the second energy storage module;
and the compression loops of the first/second energy storage modules are provided with heat storage tanks, and the expansion loops of the first/second energy storage modules are provided with cold storage tanks.
Furthermore, the first/second energy storage modules are respectively provided with a multi-stage compressor set and a multi-stage expansion machine set, compressors in the multi-stage compressor set correspond to expansion machines in the multi-stage expansion machine set one by one, and the corresponding compressors and the corresponding expansion machines are coaxially connected through transmission shafts to form an energy storage unit;
all the compression and expansion units of the first energy storage module are in transmission connection through a first gear box, and all the compression and expansion units of the second energy storage module are in transmission connection through a second gear box; a first gear shaft extends out of a main gear of the first gear box, a second gear main shaft extends out of a main gear of the second gear box, and the first gear shaft and the second gear shaft are coaxially arranged and are respectively connected with the motor generator.
Further, the matching relationship between the compressor and the expander in each energy storage unit is as follows: the high-voltage stage is matched with the high-voltage stage, and the low-voltage stage is matched with the low-voltage stage.
Further, the first energy storage module is connected with the motor generator through a first clutch, and the second energy storage module is connected with the motor generator through a second clutch.
Further, the first clutch and the second clutch are all one of an electromagnetic clutch, a friction clutch and a hydraulic clutch.
Further, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module share the heat/cold storage tank.
Furthermore, the compressor units in the first and second energy storage modules are both centrifugal type, and the expander units in the first and second energy storage modules are both centripetal type.
Furthermore, the compressor unit and the expander unit of the first/second energy storage modules are respectively provided with a heat insulation layer isolated from the external environment.
An energy storage control method of a compression expansion type energy storage system comprises the following steps:
when the first energy storage module works, the first clutch is closed, and the second clutch is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are only communicated with the first energy storage module in series; at the moment, the motor generator provides power for the first energy storage module;
when the second energy storage module works, the second clutch is closed, and the first clutch is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are only communicated with the second energy storage module in series; at this time, the motor generator absorbs the mechanical energy of the second energy storage module and converts the mechanical energy into electric energy.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the compression expansion type energy storage system provided by the invention, the compression power consumption of the first energy storage module is greater than the expansion power generation of the first energy storage module, and the compression power consumption of the second energy storage module is less than the expansion power generation of the second energy storage module; when the first energy storage module operates, the first energy storage module is only used for generating cold and heat and storing electricity; the second energy storage module operates to generate electrical energy from the stored cold and heat. The first energy storage module and the second energy storage module can be selectively switched according to the use requirement; the operation mode of the energy storage system is flexible and adjustable. In the heat pump electricity storage technology, the heat energy and the cold energy generated by the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are extracted from the cold storage device to the heat storage device through reverse Brayton cycle (heat pump cycle), and the cold energy and the heat energy are stored; when electrical energy is required, the stored thermal and cold energy is converted into electrical energy by a forward brayton cycle (power cycle).
2. The compression expansion type energy storage system provided by the invention has the advantages that the compressor and the expander are coaxially arranged to form an energy storage unit, the energy storage units are in transmission connection through the gear box, and the motor generator is connected with the gear box through the main shaft; the transmission mode enables the overall system layout to be more compact and occupies less space.
3. According to the compression-expansion type energy storage system provided by the invention, the matching relation between the compressor and the expander in each energy storage unit avoids the crossing of gas pipelines in the system.
4. According to the compression expansion type energy storage system provided by the invention, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module share the heat storage/cold tank, so that the overall system is more compact in layout, and the equipment cost is favorably reduced.
5. According to the compression expansion type energy storage system provided by the invention, the arrangement of the heat insulation layer avoids energy loss caused by heat exchange between the gas in the first/second energy storage modules and the external environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram of an energy storage system provided in the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a first energy storage module; 2. a second energy storage module; 3. a motor generator; 4. a heat storage tank; 5. a cold storage tank; 6. a first low pressure stage compressor; 7. a first high pressure stage compressor; 8. a first low pressure stage expander; 9. a first high pressure stage expander; 10. a first drive shaft; 11. a second drive shaft; 12. a first gear case; 13. a second low pressure stage compressor; 14. a second high pressure stage compressor; 15. a second low pressure stage expander; 16. a second high pressure stage expander; 17. a third drive shaft; 18. a fourth drive shaft; 19. a second gear box; 20. a first gear shaft; 21. a second gear shaft; 22. a first clutch; 23. a second clutch; 24. a first control valve; 25. a second control valve; 26. a third control valve; 27. a fourth control valve; 28. a first gas path; 29. a second gas path; 30. a third gas path; 31. a fourth gas path; 32. a fifth gas path; 33. a sixth gas path; 34. a seventh gas path; 35. an eighth gas path; 36. a ninth gas path; 37. a tenth gas path; 38. an eleventh gas path; 39. and a twelfth air passage.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example one
The compression expansion type energy storage system provided by the embodiment comprises: the device comprises a first energy storage module 1, a second energy storage module 2, a main shaft, a motor generator 3, a heat storage tank 4 and a cold storage tank 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the first energy storage module 1 has a multi-stage compressor set and a multi-stage expander set, and the number of compressors in the multi-stage compressor set is the same as the number of expanders in the multi-stage expander set; the compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the expanders, and the single compressors are coaxially connected with the single expanders through transmission shafts to form compression and expansion units. In the present embodiment, the two-stage compression and the two-stage expansion are described in detail as an example: the multi-stage compressor set of the first energy storage module 1 is provided with a first low-pressure stage compressor 6 and a first high-pressure stage compressor 7 which are connected in series through gas paths, and the multi-stage expander set of the first energy storage module 1 is provided with a first low-pressure stage expander 8 and a first high-pressure stage expander 9 which are connected in series through gas paths. The first low-pressure stage compressor 6 and the first low-pressure stage expander 8 are coaxially connected through a first transmission shaft 10, the first high-pressure stage compressor 7 and the first high-pressure stage expander 9 are coaxially connected through a second transmission shaft 11, and the first transmission shaft 10 and the second transmission shaft 11 are in transmission connection through a first gear box 12. Wherein the power consumed by the first low pressure stage compressor 6 and the first high pressure stage compressor 7 together is greater than the power generated by the first low pressure stage expander 8 and the first high pressure stage expander 9 together.
As shown in fig. 1, the second energy storage module 2 has a multi-stage compressor set and a multi-stage expander set, and the number of compressors in the multi-stage compressor set is the same as the number of expanders in the multi-stage expander set; the compressors are in one-to-one correspondence with the expanders, and the single compressors are coaxially connected with the single expanders through transmission shafts to form compression and expansion units. In the present embodiment, the two-stage compression and the two-stage expansion are described in detail as an example: the multi-stage compressor set of the second energy storage module 2 is provided with a second low-pressure stage compressor 13 and a second high-pressure stage compressor 14 which are connected in series through gas paths, and the multi-stage expansion set of the second energy storage module 2 is provided with a second low-pressure stage expansion machine 15 and a second high-pressure stage expansion machine 16 which are connected in series through gas paths. The second low-pressure stage compressor 13 and the second low-pressure stage expander 15 are coaxially connected through a third transmission shaft 17, the second high-pressure stage compressor 14 and the second high-pressure stage expander 16 are coaxially connected through a fourth transmission shaft 18, and the third transmission shaft 17 and the fourth transmission shaft 18 are in transmission connection through a second gear box 19. Wherein the power consumed by the second low pressure stage compressor 13 and the second high pressure stage compressor 14 is less than the power generated by the second low pressure stage expander 15 and the second high pressure stage expander 16.
As shown in fig. 1, a first gear shaft 20 extends from the main gear of the first gear box 12, a second gear shaft 21 extends from the main gear of the second gear box 19, the first gear shaft 20 and the second gear shaft 21 are coaxially arranged, and the first gear shaft 20 and the second gear shaft 21 together form the main shaft; the first gear shaft 20 is connected to the motor generator 3 through a first clutch 22, and the second gear shaft 21 is connected to the motor generator 3 through a second clutch 23. The first clutch 22 and the second clutch 23 are each one of an electromagnetic clutch, a friction clutch, and a hydraulic clutch.
As shown in fig. 1, heat storage tanks 4 are respectively arranged on the compression circuit of the first energy storage module 1 and the expansion circuit of the second energy storage module 2, and the heat storage tanks 4 are used for absorbing heat energy of gas during energy storage, so as to change high-temperature gas into normal temperature, and release heat energy during energy release and power generation, so as to change normal-temperature gas into high temperature; all be equipped with cold storage tank 5 on the expansion circuit of first energy storage module 1 and the compression circuit of second energy storage module 2, cold storage tank 5 absorbs gaseous cold energy when being used for the energy storage, becomes the normal atmospheric temperature with low-temperature gas, releases cold energy when releasing energy electricity generation, becomes the low temperature with normal atmospheric temperature gas. In this embodiment, both the cold storage tank 5 and the heat storage tank 4 are disposed between the first energy storage module 1 and the second energy storage module 2, and the first energy storage module 1 and the second energy storage module 2 share the cold storage tank 5 and the heat storage tank 4, so that the overall system is more compact in layout and occupies a small space. The heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 5 are connected in series with the gas path of the first energy storage module 1, so that the gas path of the first energy storage module 1 is a closed gas path; meanwhile, the heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 5 are also connected in series with the gas path of the second energy storage module 2, so that the gas path of the second energy storage module 2 is a closed gas path. A first control valve 24 and a second control valve 25 are respectively arranged at the air holes at the two ends of the cold storage tank 5, and a third control valve 26 and a fourth control valve 27 are respectively arranged at the air holes at the two ends of the heat storage tank 4; the first control valve 24, the second control valve 25, the third control valve 26, and the fourth control valve 27 are all three-way valves, and the switching between the first energy storage module 1 and the second energy storage module 2 is performed by controlling the four control valves.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific control gas circuit of the first energy storage module 1 is as follows: the first low-pressure stage compressor 6 is communicated with the first control valve 24 through a first air passage 28, the first low-pressure stage compressor 6 is communicated with the first high-pressure stage compressor 7 through a second air passage 29, the first high-pressure stage compressor 7 is communicated with the fourth control valve 27 through a third air passage 30, the third control valve 26 is communicated with the first high-pressure stage expander 9 through a fourth air passage 31, the first high-pressure stage expander 9 is communicated with the first low-pressure stage expander 8 through a fifth air passage 32, and the first low-pressure stage expander 8 is communicated with the second control valve 25 through a sixth air passage 33.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific control gas circuit of the second energy storage module 2 is as follows: the second low-pressure stage compressor 13 is communicated with the second control valve through a seventh gas passage 34, the second low-pressure stage compressor 13 is communicated with the second high-pressure stage compressor 14 through an eighth gas passage 35, the second high-pressure stage compressor 14 is communicated with the third control valve 26 through a ninth gas passage 36, the fourth control valve 27 is communicated with the second high-pressure stage expander 16 through a tenth gas passage 37, the second high-pressure stage expander 16 is communicated with the second low-pressure stage expander 15 through an eleventh gas passage 38, and the second low-pressure stage expander 15 is communicated with the first control valve 24 through a twelfth gas passage 39.
In this embodiment, the compressor units in the first and second energy storage modules are both centrifugal type, and the expander units in the first and second energy storage modules are both radial type. And heat insulation layers isolated from the external environment are arranged on the compressor unit and the expansion unit of the first/second energy storage modules, so that energy loss caused by heat exchange between the gas in the first/second energy storage modules and the external environment is avoided.
As an alternative embodiment, in the first energy storage module 1, the number of compressors corresponds to the number of expanders; the compressor has more than two serially connected communicated air pipes, and the expander has more than two serially communicated air pipes.
As an alternative embodiment, in the second energy storage module 2, the number of compressors corresponds to the number of expanders; the compressor has more than two serially connected communicated air pipes, and the expander has more than two serially communicated air pipes.
Example two
The energy storage control method for the compression-expansion type energy storage system provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
when the first energy storage module 1 works, the first clutch 22 is closed, and the second clutch 23 is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 5 are only communicated with the first energy storage module 1 in series; that is, the first control valve 24, the second control valve 25, the third control valve 26, and the fourth control valve 27 are operated to communicate the first gas passage 28 with the cold storage tank 5, the third gas passage 30 with the heat storage tank 4, the fourth gas passage 31 with the heat storage tank 4, and the sixth gas passage 33 with the cold storage tank 5; at this time, the motor generator 3 is used as a motor to provide power for the first energy storage module 1, and the provided power is the power difference between the compressor unit and the expander unit of the first energy storage module 1.
When the second energy storage module 2 works, the second clutch 23 is closed, and the first clutch 22 is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 5 are only communicated with the second energy storage module 2 in series; that is, the first control valve 24, the second control valve 25, the third control valve 26, and the fourth control valve 27 are operated to communicate the seventh gas passage 34 with the heat storage tank 5, the ninth gas passage 36 with the heat storage tank 4, the tenth gas passage 37 with the heat storage tank 4, and the twelfth gas passage 39 with the heat storage tank 5; at this time, the motor generator 3 serves as a generator, absorbs the mechanical energy of the second energy storage module 2 and converts the mechanical energy into electric energy, and the absorbed mechanical power is a power difference between the compressor unit and the expander unit of the second energy storage module 2.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A compression-expansion energy storage system, comprising:
the energy storage device comprises a first energy storage module (1), wherein the compression power consumption of the first energy storage module (1) is larger than the expansion power generation of the first energy storage module;
the compression power consumption of the second energy storage module (2) is less than the expansion power generation of the second energy storage module (2);
the first energy storage module (1) and the second energy storage module (2) are coaxially connected through a main shaft, a motor generator (3) is connected to the main shaft, and the motor generator (3) is used for providing mechanical energy required by the first energy storage module (1) and absorbing mechanical energy of the second energy storage module (2);
the compression and retraction loop of the first/second energy storage module is provided with a heat storage tank (4), and the expansion loop of the first/second energy storage module is provided with a cold storage tank (5).
2. The compression-expansion energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second energy storage modules has a multistage compressor group and a multistage expander group, compressors in the multistage compressor group and expanders in the multistage expander group are in one-to-one correspondence, and the corresponding compressors and expanders are coaxially connected by a transmission shaft to constitute one energy storage unit;
the compression and expansion units of the first energy storage module (1) are in transmission connection through a first gear box (12), and the compression and expansion units of the second energy storage module (2) are in transmission connection through a second gear box (19); a first gear shaft (20) extends out of the main gear of the first gear box (12), a second gear shaft (21) extends out of the main gear of the second gear box (19), and the first gear shaft (20) and the second gear shaft (21) are coaxially arranged and are respectively connected with the motor generator (3).
3. The compression-expansion energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the matching relationship between the compressor and the expander in each energy storage unit is: the high-voltage stage is matched with the high-voltage stage, and the low-voltage stage is matched with the low-voltage stage.
4. Compression-expandable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the first energy storage module (1) and the motor-generator (3) is made by means of a first clutch (22), and the connection between the second energy storage module (2) and the motor-generator (3) is made by means of a second clutch (23).
5. The compression-expansion energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein the first/second clutches are each one of an electromagnetic clutch, a friction clutch and a hydraulic clutch.
6. Compression-expansion energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first energy storage module (1) shares the heat/cold storage tank with the second energy storage module (2).
7. The compression-expansion energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor strings in the first/second energy storage modules are both centrifugal type, and the expander strings in the first/second energy storage modules are both centripetal type.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the compressor and expander banks of the first and second energy storage modules are each provided with a thermal insulation barrier to the environment.
9. An energy storage control method of a compression expansion type energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the first energy storage module (1) works, the first clutch (22) is closed, and the second clutch (23) is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank (4) and the cold storage tank (5) are only communicated with the first energy storage module (1) in series; at the moment, the motor generator (3) provides power for the first energy storage module (1);
when the second energy storage module (2) works, the second clutch (23) is closed, and the first clutch (22) is disconnected at the same time, so that the heat storage tank (4) and the cold storage tank (5) are only communicated with the second energy storage module (2) in series; at this time, the motor generator (3) absorbs the mechanical energy of the second energy storage module (2) and converts the mechanical energy into electric energy.
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| CN102758653A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Multilevel centripetal turbine system |
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| CN110206599A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of cool and thermal power Federal Reserve co-feeding system |
| CN111677571A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-18 | 华北电力大学 | Double-shaft compact supercritical carbon dioxide turbine |
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2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111562599.4A patent/CN114251136A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102758653A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Multilevel centripetal turbine system |
| CN104612761A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-13 | 杭州哲达科技股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing compressed air through double-stage total-flow turbine expansion machine ORC |
| CN107810312A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-03-16 | 彼得·奥特曼 | Energy storage device and energy storage method for energy storage |
| CN110206599A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of cool and thermal power Federal Reserve co-feeding system |
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