CN114246554A - Fracture healing monitoring device and method based on hand-transmitted vibration principle - Google Patents

Fracture healing monitoring device and method based on hand-transmitted vibration principle Download PDF

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CN114246554A
CN114246554A CN202111680156.5A CN202111680156A CN114246554A CN 114246554 A CN114246554 A CN 114246554A CN 202111680156 A CN202111680156 A CN 202111680156A CN 114246554 A CN114246554 A CN 114246554A
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vibration
fracture
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acceleration
vibration signal
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陈鸿威
杨帆
贾圣
林德昭
李锐泓
钱文博
杨莺
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Huaqiao University
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Abstract

The invention provides a fracture healing monitoring device based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle, which comprises: the in-vitro transmission device comprises an acceleration sensor, a binding belt, a vibration signal output platform, a force sensor and a vibration table; the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a binding band, and the force sensor is arranged between the vibration table and the vibration signal output platform and is used for collecting positive pressure exerted on the vibration table by a patient; a vibration table vibrating with a predetermined random vibration signal; the fracture action end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with certain pressure, and the direction of the pressing force is parallel to the direction of the vibration signal; the device can monitor the axial dynamics performance of the fracture system for a long time by a non-invasive and non-radiative device, and the accuracy of judging the fracture healing state can be improved by cooperatively analyzing the two parameters.

Description

Fracture healing monitoring device and method based on hand-transmitted vibration principle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fracture healing evaluation, in particular to a fracture healing monitoring device and method based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle.
Background
In daily life, people are not free from accidents of fracture injury. The traditional treatment method comprises two means of direct recovery and indirect recovery, wherein the indirect recovery utilizes the technology of implanting orthopedic medical instruments or external fixing brackets and the like. In the process of fracture healing, patients need to do recovery activities, take out implant materials or disassemble external fixing brackets. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the healing state of the fracture, and the monitoring of the axial dynamics of the system related to the fracture can be an important reference for the above operation. The vibration mode of the skeletal system is an important parameter. Every substance in nature has its resonance frequency, and the fracture system also has its resonance frequency, and along with callus differentiation, proliferation and mineralization, the resonance frequency of the system will be continuously increased, and at the same time, the whole biomechanical property of the fracture system will be increased. And according to the relevant theoretical knowledge of modal analysis, the resonance frequency of the system depends on the ratio of the stiffness to the mass of the system. In the process of fracture healing, along with differentiation, proliferation and mineralization of callus tissues, the diameter of the callus will rapidly increase in the early stage of healing. The geometric size of the callus is small compared to the skeletal system, and the callus, as a soft tissue, is much less dense than the bone tissue. The increase in callus mass has a limited effect on the resonant frequency of the system, but a significant increase in system stiffness will significantly affect the resonant frequency. Changes in the system mode will also affect the response of the system to external vibration excitations.
At present, various common medical imaging methods such as CT, MRI, ultrasound and the like can only establish visual judgment on the fracture healing state, cannot measure the axial dynamic characteristics of a fracture system, and cannot generate clear state judgment at the initial stage of fracture healing.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a non-invasive and non-radiative device for monitoring the axial dynamics of the fracture system for a long time, and the accuracy of the fracture healing state determination can be improved by the collaborative analysis of the two parameters.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fracture healing monitoring device based on hand-transmitted vibration principle comprises:
the in-vitro transmission device comprises an acceleration sensor, a binding belt, a vibration signal output platform, a force sensor and a vibration table; the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a binding band, and the force sensor is arranged between the vibration table and the vibration signal output platform and is used for collecting positive pressure exerted on the vibration table by a patient; a vibration table vibrating with a predetermined random vibration signal; the fracture action end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with certain pressure, and the direction of the pressing force is parallel to the direction of the vibration signal;
and the signal acquisition and analysis module is used for acquiring data acquired by each sensor, obtaining the system resonance frequency and the signal root mean square value and judging the fracture healing condition.
Specifically, the acceleration sensor passes through the band to be fixed at the proximal end and the distal end at fracture position, specifically is:
the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a bridle and is respectively used for acquiring time domain signals g of the acceleration of two positions along the axial direction of the skeleton in the test processyy(t) and gxx(t)。
Specifically, the fracture acting end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with a certain pressure, wherein the certain pressure is 25N-55N.
Specifically, the vibration table vibrates with a preset random vibration signal, and the vibration frequency range is 1-1600 Hz.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fracture healing monitoring method based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle, which comprises the following steps:
the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a bridle and is respectively used for acquiring time domain signals g of the acceleration of two positions along the axial direction of the skeleton in the test processyy(t) and gxx(t)；
The fracture action end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with certain pressure, the direction of the pressing force is parallel to the direction of the vibration signal, and the force sensor collects and determines the positive pressure applied on the vibration table by the patient;
a vibration table vibrating with a predetermined random vibration signal;
the acceleration sensor collects the acceleration signal g input by the far end of the fracture partxx(t) and a vibration signal g output from the proximal endyy(t); and calculating the system resonance frequency and the signal root mean square value according to the acceleration signal, and judging the fracture healing condition.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps of calculating the resonance frequency and the root mean square value of a fracture system according to an acceleration signal input from the far end of the fracture part and an acceleration signal output from the near end of the fracture system, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003446620090000031
Figure BDA0003446620090000032
wherein g (tau) is the time domain signal of the acceleration, in particular the acceleration signal g inputted from the far endxx(t) and a vibration signal g output from the proximal endyy(t) calculating the power spectral density S of the input and output signals of the fracture system by the formulaxx(ejw) And Syy(ejw) A frequency response function for analyzing dynamic characteristics of the fracture system, which is calculated by the following formula, wherein
Syy(ejw)=|H(ejw)|2Sxx(ejw)
Wherein Syy(ejw) Is the power spectral density, S, of the vibration signal output from the proximal end of the fracture sitexx(ejw) The power spectral density H (e) of a vibration signal input to the far end of the fracture part by a vibration tablejw) Is a frequency response function of the fracture system; wherein W =2 pi f, f is the frequency in Hz;
the root mean square value of the signal is calculated by
Figure BDA0003446620090000033
Wherein G isi 2For the signal acquisition system, the ith system-discrete output vibration signal g in the time domain is acquiredyyThe amplitude of (t) is given by g, i is 1,2,3.. n, and n is the number of vibration signals.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the fracture healing monitoring device based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle can monitor the axial dynamic performance of a fracture system for a long time by a non-invasive and non-radiative method;
(2) the fracture healing monitoring device based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle provided by the invention adopts the system resonance frequency and the root mean square value parameter for cooperative analysis, and can further improve the accuracy of fracture healing state judgment.
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FIG. 1 is a mechanical schematic diagram of a fracture healing monitoring device based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a power spectral density diagram of a vibratory test signal provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a fracture healing monitoring device based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-fracture action end (taking arm as an example), 2-acceleration sensor, 3-bridle, 4-vibration signal output platform, 5-force sensor, 6-vibration platform, 7-data acquisition system, 8-data processing analysis;
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Detailed Description
The vibration can be represented by displacement, speed and acceleration in a time domain, but when the dynamic vibration characteristic of the system is analyzed, the acceleration of the vibration can cover the energy distribution information of the vibration, the acceleration can be obtained by differentiating a displacement curve and a speed curve, and an acceleration signal is easy to acquire.
Referring to fig. 1, a mechanical schematic diagram of a multi-parameter fracture healing monitoring device based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle is shown, wherein a mechanical structure part of the method comprises a fracture acting end (taking an arm as an example) 1, an acceleration sensor 2, a strap 3, a vibration signal output platform 4, a force sensor 5 and a vibration table 6; the vibration signal output platform 4 is connected with the vibration table 6 through a force sensor 5 so as to collect the positive pressure exerted on the vibration table by a patient in the fracture healing monitoring process; in the monitoring process of the fracture acting end (taking an arm as an example) 1, in order to ensure the repeatability of monitoring and the comparability of data, the fracture acting end is recommended to be pressed on the surface of the vibration signal output platform 4 by positive pressure of 30 +/-5N to 50 +/-5N (the relative standard deviation of the data is less than 8 percent), and the direction of a loading force needs to be ensured to be parallel to the direction of the vibration signal, and certain pressure is used for ensuring the stability and comparability of the data; the bridle 3 is used for pressing the acceleration sensor 2 on the limb surface of the fracture part near the heart end and far away from the heart end with certain pre-pressure so as to weaken the influence of human body soft tissue damping on the transmission and collection of vibration signals.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the graph in fig. 2 is a power spectral density spectrum diagram of a random vibration test signal set based on the principle of hand-transmitted vibration, and a predetermined random vibration signal is set in the control system of the vibration table 6 to perform a vibration test of the fracture system. The data collected by the acceleration sensor is collected by the data collecting system 7, and the dynamic characteristics of the fracture system at different healing stages are compared in the data processing and analyzing process 8, so that the monitoring of fracture healing is completed.
The multiparameter fracture healing monitoring method based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle of the specific embodiment can monitor the fracture healing state by adopting a radiationless and non-invasive vibration measurement mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1. the patient presses the near end of the fracture part on the vibration signal output platform with a certain stable pressure (30 +/-5N to 50 +/-5N), so that the axial direction of the fracture part is parallel to the signal output direction of the vibration platform, the acquired data can reflect the axial dynamic characteristics of the fracture system, the stable pressure can be selected according to the actual capacity of the patient, but the stable pressures in different healing stages are the same; 2. the vibration table is subjected to vibration excitation according to preset random vibration signals, the acceleration sensor and the data acquisition system acquire acceleration data related to the fracture part, and are specifically used for acquiring time domain signals g of accelerations of two positions along the axial direction of the skeleton in the test process respectivelyyy(t) and gxx(t), the preset random vibration signal can adjust the signal amplitude and the frequency spectrum according to the actual condition of the patient; 3. the acquisition of the system resonance frequency and the root mean square value (RMS) of an output signal and the related cooperative analysis can effectively obtain the fracture healing state of each stage.
Wherein, the acceleration signal g is input according to the far end of the fracture partxx(t) and acceleration signal g output by proximal end of fracture systemyy(t) calculating the resonance frequency of the fracture system, which can be obtained by calculating the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the vibration signal measured by each sensor, as shown in the following formula
Figure BDA0003446620090000061
Wherein
Figure BDA0003446620090000062
Wherein g (tau) is the time domain signal of the acceleration, in particular the acceleration signal g inputted from the far endxx(t) and vibration information output from proximal endNumber gyy(t) calculating the power spectral density S of the input and output signals of the fracture system by the formulaxx(ejw) And Syy(ejw) A frequency response function for analyzing dynamic characteristics of the fracture system, which is calculated by the following formula, wherein
Syy(ejw)=|H(ejw)|2Sxx(ejw)
Wherein Syy(ejw) Is the power spectral density, S, of the vibration signal output from the proximal end of the fracture sitexx(ejw) The power spectral density H (e) of a vibration signal input to the far end of the fracture part by a vibration tablejw) Is a frequency response function of the fracture system; where w =2 pi f, f is the frequency in Hz. The resonant frequency of the corresponding system can be obtained by analyzing its frequency response function.
The root mean square value (RMS) of the signal is calculated by
Figure BDA0003446620090000063
Wherein G isi 2For the signal acquisition system, the ith system-discrete output vibration signal g in the time domain is acquiredyyThe amplitude of (t) is given by g, i is 1,2,3.. n, and n is the number of vibration signals.
Finally, the situation of fracture healing is judged by performing variance analysis on the resonance frequency and the root mean square value of the system acquired at different healing stages.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A fracture healing monitoring devices based on hand-transmitted vibration principle, its characterized in that includes:
the in-vitro transmission device comprises an acceleration sensor, a binding belt, a vibration signal output platform, a force sensor and a vibration table; the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a binding band, and the force sensor is arranged between the vibration table and the vibration signal output platform and is used for collecting positive pressure exerted on the vibration table by a patient; a vibration table vibrating with a predetermined random vibration signal; the fracture action end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with certain pressure, and the direction of the pressing force is parallel to the direction of the vibration signal;
and the signal acquisition and analysis module is used for acquiring data acquired by each sensor, obtaining the system resonance frequency and the signal root mean square value and judging the fracture healing condition.
2. The fracture healing monitoring device based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part by a strap, specifically:
the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a bridle and is respectively used for acquiring time domain signals g of the acceleration of two positions along the axial direction of the skeleton in the test processyy(t) and gxx(t)。
3. The device for monitoring fracture healing based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fracture acting end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with a certain pressure, and the certain pressure is 25N-55N.
4. The device for monitoring bone fracture healing based on the hand-held vibration principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration table vibrates with a predetermined random vibration signal, and the vibration frequency ranges from 1 to 1600 Hz.
5. A fracture healing monitoring method based on a hand-transmitted vibration principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the acceleration sensor is fixed at the proximal end and the distal end of the fracture part through a bridle and is respectively used for acquiring time domain signals g of the acceleration of two positions along the axial direction of the skeleton in the test processyy(t) and gxx(t)；
The fracture action end is pressed on the vibration signal output platform with certain pressure, the direction of the pressing force is parallel to the direction of the vibration signal, and the force sensor collects and determines the positive pressure applied on the vibration table by the patient;
a vibration table vibrating with a predetermined random vibration signal;
the acceleration sensor collects the acceleration signal g input by the far end of the fracture partxx(t) and a vibration signal g output from the proximal endyy(t); and calculating the system resonance frequency and the signal root mean square value according to the acceleration signal, and judging the fracture healing condition.
6. The method for monitoring fracture healing based on the hand-transmitted vibration principle according to claim 5, comprising the steps of calculating the resonance frequency and the root mean square value of the signal of the fracture system according to the acceleration signal input from the far end of the fracture part and the acceleration signal output from the near end of the fracture system, and specifically comprising the following steps:
Figure FDA0003446620080000021
Figure FDA0003446620080000022
wherein g (tau) is the time domain signal of the acceleration, in particular the acceleration signal g inputted from the far endxx(t) and a vibration signal g output from the proximal endyy(t) calculating the power spectral density S of the input and output signals of the fracture system by the formulaxx(ejw) And Syy(ejw) A frequency response function for analyzing dynamic characteristics of the fracture system, which is calculated by the following formula, wherein
Syy(ejw)＝|H(ejw)|2Sxx(ejw)
Wherein Syy(ejw) For delivery from the proximal end of the fracturePower spectral density, S, of the vibration signalxx(ejw) The power spectral density H (e) of a vibration signal input to the far end of the fracture part by a vibration tablejw) Is a frequency response function of the fracture system; wherein w is 2 pi f, f is frequency and the unit is Hz;
the root mean square value of the signal is calculated by
Figure FDA0003446620080000023
Wherein G isi 2For the signal acquisition system, the ith system-discrete output vibration signal g in the time domain is acquiredyyThe amplitude of (t) is given by g, i is 1,2,3.. n, and n is the number of vibration signals.
CN202111680156.5A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Fracture healing monitoring device and method based on hand-transmitted vibration principle Pending CN114246554A (en)

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