CN114246148A - Method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of offshore island - Google Patents
Method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of offshore island Download PDFInfo
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- CN114246148A CN114246148A CN202111544721.5A CN202111544721A CN114246148A CN 114246148 A CN114246148 A CN 114246148A CN 202111544721 A CN202111544721 A CN 202111544721A CN 114246148 A CN114246148 A CN 114246148A
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- stainless steel
- tridacna
- cage
- giant
- corallite
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- 241000512272 Tridacna Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000596148 Crocus Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000004237 Crocus Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001600163 Tridacna gigas Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000512273 Tridacnidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237551 Veneridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009979 protective mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for artificial transplantation of tridacna in an island of the open sea. The metal culture cage is fixed to the seabed of a giant clam growth sea area, corallite is collected and filled in the metal culture cage, giant clams are placed in the corallite, the mantles face upwards, the covers are covered and locked, and giant clams grow. The invention has strong resistance to water flow, corrosion, typhoon and the like; even after 1 year, the survival rate of tridacna reaches more than 60% without related maintenance. Therefore, the patent can provide technical support for recovering the ecology of tridacna on islands far away from the continent, such as relevant islands of south sand and west sand islands in China, and also can provide technical guidance for the development of the tridacna culture industry.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of marine ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for artificially transplanting tridacna of an offshore island reef.
Background art:
giant clams belong to the phylum mollusca, class lamelliridae, order veneridae and family tridacnidae, are the largest shellfish at present, some species can reach about 1 meter, and the weight can reach more than 300 kilograms; besides the largest body shape, symbiotic zooxanthellae are also contained in the giant clam mantle, photosynthesis can be performed under the illumination condition, nutrition is provided for giant clams, and therefore the autotrophic function of giant clams is achieved. Giant clams have 10 species, wherein giant clams have 9 species and tridacs only have 1 species. Tropical sea areas from the western pacific to the indian ocean and the east coast of africa are distributed, but with the change of global climate environments, the species is already at the edge of imminent extinction and becomes a globally endangered species. Giant clams in the sea area of China are extremely rare, and giant clams (Tridacna gigas) in China possibly disappear. In order to save the species, people put a lot of work to perform population resource protection and artificial breeding, in the early 90 s of the last century, some countries develop a series of researches on breeding, physiology, ecology and economy of giant clams, so that the peak of historical research is reached, and a lot of scientific research achievements are obtained. However, the study on tridacna enters the valley, and few relevant studies are reported. In recent years, the patent applicant group successfully cultivates multiple giant clams such as scale-free giant clams and crocus tridacna for the first time in China, millions of raised giant clams are bred each year, difficulty in giant clam breeding is overcome, the industrialization scale is achieved, and a solid foundation is laid for recovery of giant clam population, development of giant clam economy and related scientific research.
Although breeding and breeding of giant clams have been carried out for many years, real commercialization is still in the current primary stage, and at present, the bred giant clams are sold to aquariums as ornamental animals, and the commercial development and application are far away. The recovery of tridacna in natural sea area is a task which is performed by human primarily, and artificial releasing is a way of recovering ecological population of tridacna. However, in open sea areas of islands and reefs in open sea, the biological resources are scarce and the competition of various organisms is very strong. Many problems are faced to artificial releasing of tridacna, and the problems of predation of fish, infestation of parasitic snails, interference of other enemy organisms and the like are inevitable in the giant clam transplanting process. We find that in the process of giant clam transplantation, if proper protective measures are not provided, giant clams can be eaten by predatory fishes such as silkworms quickly, incomplete shells are left, and what happened in one night is almost zero. Therefore, the presence of a protective mechanism is an indispensable means for tridacna transplantation. People adopt a plurality of methods in the process of keeping and releasing giant clams, the marine floating method is also an effective method suitable for growth of giant clams, the method is to suspend the cultured cage below the sea surface, giant clams are adhered to a substrate in the frame, and the method can avoid the attack of snails, but the method can only be a temporary culture method and has no way to culture giant clams for a long time. These methods are beneficial for preventing predation of fish or attack of snails, but under the influence of strong tropical storms, these submarine buildings can not hit at once, often resulting in the failure of these methods of giant clam transplantation;
in the culture technologies, except for the problems of ocean storm and the like, the grids are easily covered by attachments, generally, the grids need to be cleaned once in 3 months, and a large amount of manpower and material resources need to be input; second, these devices are often destroyed due to the effects of tropical storms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for artificially transplanting tridacna in a sea island which is resistant to water flow, corrosion and typhoon and has a high survival rate of tridacna.
The method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of the far-sea island reef comprises the following steps:
fixing a metal culture cage on the seabed of a giant clam growth sea area, collecting corallite on the seabed, filling the corallite into the metal culture cage, then placing giant clams into the corallite with an overcoat film upward, covering and locking the giant clams, and growing the giant clams.
Preferably, the metal cultivation cage is a stainless steel cultivation cage.
Preferably, the coral is a broken coral, such as a coral reef isolated from the sea floor.
Preferably, the coral stones are filled in the metal cultivation cage until the coral stones reach a volume of 2/3 boxes, and the addition is stopped.
Preferably, the stainless steel cultivation cage consists of a stainless steel frame and a stainless steel net sleeved on the stainless steel frame, the stainless steel cultivation cage is provided with an upper opening and a cover, and a plurality of fixing rods which can be inserted into the sea bottom to fix the stainless steel cultivation cage on the sea bottom are arranged below the stainless steel frame.
Preferably, the stainless steel frame of the stainless steel cultivation cage has the specification of 32cm in height, 41cm in width and 62cm in length, and 4 fixing rods which are 25cm in length and can be inserted into the sea floor to fix the stainless steel cultivation cage on the sea floor are arranged below the stainless steel frame.
Preferably, tridacna is placed in the corallite, and 3-6 tridacna are placed in each stainless steel culture cage.
The invention has strong resistance to water flow, corrosion, typhoon and the like; even after 1 year, the survival rate of tridacna reaches more than 60% without related maintenance. Therefore, the patent can provide technical support for recovering the ecology of tridacna on islands far away from the continent, such as relevant islands of south sand and west sand islands in China, and also can provide technical guidance for the development of the tridacna culture industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stainless steel cultivation cage, 1, a stainless steel frame; 2. a stainless steel mesh; 3. a cover; 4. fixing the rod;
FIG. 2 shows giant clam culture performed by using a stainless steel culture cage; structure of stainless steel breeding cage (a) stainless steel breeding cage is fixed (B), broken coral stone (C) is filled, tridacna is implanted into coral stone (D, E).
FIG. 3 is a test of giant clam transplantation effect after 1 year; giant clam culture device form (A), uncovered giant clam form (B) and giant clam survival state (C).
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1:
1. manufacture of breeding cage
As shown in figure 1, the stainless steel cultivation cage consists of a stainless steel frame 1 and a stainless steel net 2 sleeved on the stainless steel frame, the stainless steel cultivation cage is provided with an upper opening and an independent cover 3, and 4 fixing rods 4 which can be inserted into the sea bottom to fix the stainless steel cultivation cage on the sea bottom are arranged below the stainless steel frame. The specific manufacturing method comprises the following steps: the stainless steel frame 1 has the specification of 32 (height) x 41 (width) x 62cm (length), the cover 3 is separately manufactured, the cover is also composed of a frame with peripheral sides and a stainless steel net which is covered and welded on the frame, and the diameter of a stainless steel frame steel bar is 0.6 cm; a stainless steel mesh 2 is welded outside the stainless steel frame, the side length of the mesh is 2cm, and the diameter of the steel wire is 0.6 mm; all steel materials are 304 steel, four fixing rods with the height of 25cm are arranged below the stainless steel cultivation cage, and the fixing rods are inserted into the coral reefs during transplantation, so that the cultivation cage is fixed.
2. Giant clam transplanting process
1) Selecting a position with the sea depth of 10 meters in the sea area to be transplanted with giant clams, putting a stainless steel cultivation cage into the sea, and driving four feet (fixed rods) of the cage into coral reefs by using an iron hammer to fix the cage (fig. 2A and B);
TABLE 1 environmental parameters of transplant area
2) Placing crushed coral stones in the cultivation cage, filling the crushed coral stones to a position 2/3 (fig. 2C) of the cage volume;
3) selecting crocus tridacna with shell height of about 6 cm, placing the crocus tridacna into culture cages, placing 3-6 crocus tridacna in each cage, fixing the crocus tridacna with fragments around the crocus tridacna, rightly placing the crocus tridacna so that an outer sleeve membrane of the crocus tridacna faces upwards, then covering a cover, and locking the cages by nylon clamping bands (figures 2D and E).
3. Examination and maintenance of giant clam transplantation effect
1) After 1 year of transplantation, counting giant clams in all culture cages, and finding that the survival rate of the giant clams is more than 60%; many attachments are attached to the cage grids, but light rays still penetrate through the grids to ensure that tridacna can survive (fig. 3).
2) And opening the cover of the breeding cage, removing the attachments on the grids, continuously covering the cover, clamping the cover by using the buckle, and continuously breeding.
Claims (7)
1. The method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of the offshore island is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing a metal culture cage on the seabed of a giant clam growth sea area, collecting corallite, filling the corallite into the metal culture cage, then placing giant clams into the corallite with the mantle upwards, covering and locking the giant clams, and growing the giant clams.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said metal cages are stainless steel cages.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said coral stone is culled coral stone.
4. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of filling the coral stones in the metal cages is performed when the coral stones are filled in the metal cages to a volume of 2/3 boxes, and the step of adding is stopped.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the stainless steel cultivation cage is composed of a stainless steel frame and a stainless steel net sleeved on the stainless steel frame, the stainless steel cultivation cage is provided with an upper opening and a cover, and a plurality of fixing rods capable of being inserted into the sea floor to fix the stainless steel cultivation cage on the sea floor are arranged below the stainless steel frame.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stainless steel cultivation cage has a stainless steel frame with a height of 32cm x a width of 41cm x a length of 62cm, and 4 fixing rods with a length of 25cm are arranged under the stainless steel frame and can be inserted into the sea floor to fix the stainless steel cultivation cage on the sea floor.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that tridacna are placed in the corallite, and 3-6 tridacna are placed in each stainless steel culture cage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111544721.5A CN114246148A (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of offshore island |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111544721.5A CN114246148A (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of offshore island |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114246148A true CN114246148A (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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| CN202111544721.5A Pending CN114246148A (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Method for artificial transplantation of tridacna of offshore island |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2239043A1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-11-29 | Allan Drake Savoury | Apparatus and method for cultivating aquatic crustaceans and marine shellfish |
| CN103238542A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 琼海时达渔业有限公司 | Bottom sowing culture method of giant clams |
| CN106857344A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method for improving giant clam children's shellfish Transitional culture efficiency |
| CN107771718A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-09 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Broadcast enrichment procedure in a kind of small dimension giant clam children shellfish bottom |
| CN107897068A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method for improving artificial breeding giant clam children's shellfish enhancement releasing survival rate |
| CN109169459A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of artificial mimicry coral reefs of Eco-friendly |
| CN110547232A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-10 | 海南大学 | tridacna transplantation attachment device and use method thereof |
| CN111096253A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Large calcified seaweed-based biological repair method for degraded coral reef |
-
2021
- 2021-12-16 CN CN202111544721.5A patent/CN114246148A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2239043A1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 1999-11-29 | Allan Drake Savoury | Apparatus and method for cultivating aquatic crustaceans and marine shellfish |
| CN103238542A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 琼海时达渔业有限公司 | Bottom sowing culture method of giant clams |
| CN106857344A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method for improving giant clam children's shellfish Transitional culture efficiency |
| CN107771718A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-09 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Broadcast enrichment procedure in a kind of small dimension giant clam children shellfish bottom |
| CN107897068A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method for improving artificial breeding giant clam children's shellfish enhancement releasing survival rate |
| CN109169459A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of artificial mimicry coral reefs of Eco-friendly |
| CN110547232A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-10 | 海南大学 | tridacna transplantation attachment device and use method thereof |
| CN111096253A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-05-05 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Large calcified seaweed-based biological repair method for degraded coral reef |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 喻子牛: "砗磲人工繁育、资源恢复与南海岛礁生态牧场建设", 《科技促进发展》 * |
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