CN114243147A - Lithium battery recovery device and lithium battery recovery method - Google Patents
Lithium battery recovery device and lithium battery recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243147A CN114243147A CN202111564171.3A CN202111564171A CN114243147A CN 114243147 A CN114243147 A CN 114243147A CN 202111564171 A CN202111564171 A CN 202111564171A CN 114243147 A CN114243147 A CN 114243147A
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- temperature
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 6
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a lithium battery recovery device and a lithium battery recovery method. The invention provides a lithium battery recovery device which comprises a negative electrode baking box, a positive electrode baking box, a negative electrode separation component and a positive electrode separation component, wherein the negative electrode baking box and the positive electrode baking box are independently arranged, a negative electrode constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the negative electrode baking box, a positive electrode constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the positive electrode baking box, the negative electrode separation component can drive a negative electrode sheet on a positive electrode roll to move in the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity so that the negative electrode baking box can collect electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode sheet, and the positive electrode separation component can drive a positive electrode sheet and a diaphragm on the positive electrode roll to move in the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity so that the positive electrode baking box can collect the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode sheet. The lithium battery recovery method adopts the lithium battery recovery device to recover and treat the lithium battery, the pole roll is not required to be crushed, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the recovery rate of the noble metal in the lithium battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a lithium battery recovery device and a lithium battery recovery method.
Background
In the recycling process of the waste lithium ion battery pack, due to the diversity of the structure and the overall dimension of the recycled lithium battery, the manual participation degree is high. There are two conventional treatment methods: one is to take the pole coil out of the electrical core shell, break and sort the pole piece after disassembling and separating the positive and negative pole pieces manually to obtain black powder, but the electrolyte on the positive and negative pole pieces is easy to volatilize into the air by the method, which causes harm to human body and environment; the other mode is to directly crush and sort the pole roll to obtain the black powder, but the black powder obtained by the mode has high impurity content, increases the impurity removal cost of subsequent hydrometallurgy, and is not friendly to the environment.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a lithium battery recycling apparatus and a lithium battery recycling method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lithium battery recovery device, which is used for reducing the harm to human bodies and the environment, enabling collected black powder to be free of impurities such as aluminum, copper and the like, reducing the impurity removal cost and improving the recovery rate of precious metals.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering a lithium battery, so as to reduce the harm to human bodies and the environment, and to enable the collected black powder to be free of impurities such as aluminum, copper, etc., so as to reduce the cost of impurity removal and improve the recovery rate of precious metals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lithium battery recovery device comprises a negative electrode baking box and a positive electrode baking box which are independently arranged, wherein a negative electrode constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the negative electrode baking box, and a positive electrode constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the positive electrode baking box;
the lithium battery recovery device further comprises:
the negative electrode separation assembly can drive a negative electrode piece on the electrode roll to move in the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity, so that the negative electrode baking box collects electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode piece; and
and the positive separation assembly can drive a positive pole piece and a diaphragm on the pole roll to move in the positive constant-temperature cavity, so that the positive baking box collects electrolyte and black powder on the positive pole piece.
As a preferred scheme, the negative electrode constant temperature cavity comprises a negative electrode front-section low temperature region, a negative electrode middle-section high temperature region and a negative electrode tail-section low temperature region which are sequentially arranged;
the negative pole separable set includes negative pole guide roll and the negative pole removal roller that sets up side by side, the negative pole guide roll pin joint in just be located on the inner wall of negative pole constant temperature cavity the negative pole anterior segment low temperature area, the negative pole piece around in fix on the negative pole guide roll on the negative pole removal roller, the negative pole removal roller can drive the negative pole piece passes in proper order the negative pole anterior segment low temperature area the negative pole middle section high temperature area and the negative pole end low temperature area.
Preferably, a first collecting part, a second collecting part and a third collecting part are further arranged in the negative pole baking box;
the first collecting piece is positioned at the bottom of the low-temperature region at the front section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the negative electrode piece; the second collecting piece is positioned at the top of the high-temperature area in the middle section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the negative electrode piece; the third collecting piece is located at the bottom of the high-temperature area in the middle section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect black powder falling from the negative electrode piece.
Preferably, a first blowing part is arranged in the high-temperature region in the middle section of the negative electrode and is configured to blow off black powder on the negative electrode piece.
Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature region at the front section of the negative electrode is 25-35 degrees; the temperature of the high-temperature area in the middle section of the negative electrode is 120-160 degrees; the temperature of the low-temperature zone at the tail section of the negative electrode is 25-35 degrees.
As a preferred scheme, the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity comprises a positive electrode front-section low-temperature region, a positive electrode middle-section high-temperature region and a positive electrode tail-section low-temperature region which are sequentially arranged;
anodal separator assembly is including the anodal guide roll and the anodal roller that removes that set up side by side, anodal guide roll pin joint in just be located on the inner wall of anodal constant temperature cavity anodal anterior segment low-temperature region, anodal pole piece with the diaphragm around in anodal guide roll is last and fix on the anodal roller, anodal roller can drive anodal pole piece with the diaphragm passes in proper order anodal anterior segment low-temperature region anodal middle section high-temperature region and anodal end section low-temperature region.
Preferably, a fourth collecting member, a fifth collecting member and a sixth collecting member are further disposed inside the positive electrode baking box;
the fourth collecting piece is positioned at the bottom of the positive electrode front-section low-temperature region and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the positive electrode piece; the fifth collecting piece is positioned at the top of the high-temperature area in the middle section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the positive electrode piece; the sixth collecting piece is located at the bottom of the high-temperature area in the middle section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect black powder falling from the positive electrode piece.
Preferably, a second purging piece is arranged inside the high-temperature region in the middle section of the positive electrode, and is configured to blow off black powder on the positive electrode piece.
Preferably, the temperature of the low-temperature region at the front section of the positive electrode is 25-35 degrees; the temperature of the high-temperature region in the middle section of the anode is 400-450 degrees; the temperature of the low-temperature zone at the tail section of the positive electrode is 25-35 degrees.
A lithium battery recovery method adopts the lithium battery recovery device to recover and treat lithium batteries, and comprises the following steps:
fixing the pole roll between the negative pole baking box and the positive pole baking box, fixing the negative pole piece on the negative pole separation assembly, and fixing the positive pole piece and the diaphragm on the positive pole separation assembly;
the negative electrode separation assembly drives the negative electrode plate to move in the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity, and the positive electrode separation assembly drives the positive electrode plate and the diaphragm to move in the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity;
after the negative electrode baking box collects the electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode pole piece, the negative electrode separation assembly starts to wind the negative electrode pole piece at the tail section of the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity; after the positive electrode baking box collects the electrolyte and black powder on the positive electrode piece, the positive electrode separation assembly starts to wind the positive electrode piece at the tail end of the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a lithium battery recovery device, which comprises a negative pole baking box, a positive pole baking box, a negative pole separation component and a positive pole separation component, wherein the negative pole baking box and the positive pole baking box are independently arranged, a negative pole constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the negative pole baking box, a positive pole constant-temperature cavity is arranged in the positive pole baking box, the negative pole separation component can drive a negative pole piece on a pole roll to move in the negative pole constant-temperature cavity so that the negative pole baking box can collect electrolyte and black powder on the negative pole piece, the positive pole separation component can drive a positive pole piece and a diaphragm on the pole roll to move in the positive pole constant-temperature cavity so that the positive pole baking box can collect the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive pole piece, the separation of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece on the pole roll with the diaphragm can be realized by arranging the negative pole separation component and the positive pole separation component, and the harm to human body and environment caused by the volatilization of the electrolyte on the negative pole piece and the positive pole piece into the air can be avoided, the environmental pollution is reduced. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book or positive negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to black powder on the positive negative pole piece drops, makes impurity such as no aluminium copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced the edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
The invention also provides a lithium battery recovery method, the lithium battery recovery device is used for recovering the lithium battery, the separation of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece with the diaphragm on the pole coil can be realized, the harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the volatilization of the electrolytes on the negative pole piece and the positive pole piece into the air is avoided, and the environmental pollution is reduced. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book or positive negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to black powder on the positive negative pole piece drops, makes impurity such as no aluminium copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced the edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery recycling device for pole piece separation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery recycling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention for baking a pole piece;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece winding performed by the lithium battery recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a lithium battery recovery device; 200. pole winding; 201. a negative pole piece; 202. a positive electrode plate;
1. a negative electrode baking oven; 11. a negative electrode constant temperature cavity; 111. a low-temperature region at the front section of the negative electrode; 112. a high temperature region in the middle section of the negative electrode; 113. a low-temperature region at the end of the negative electrode; 12. a first collecting member; 13. a second collecting member; 14. a third collecting member;
2. an anode baking oven; 21. a positive electrode constant temperature cavity; 211. a positive electrode front-section low-temperature region; 212. a high temperature region in the middle of the anode; 213. a low-temperature region at the tail end of the positive electrode; 22. a fourth collecting member; 23. a fifth collecting member; 24. a sixth collecting member;
3. a negative electrode separation assembly; 31. a negative electrode guide roll; 32. a negative electrode moving roller;
4. a positive electrode separation assembly; 41. a positive electrode guide roller; 42. the positive electrode moving roller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a lithium battery recycling device 100, which is mainly used for collecting electrolyte and black powder on a positive electrode sheet 202 and a negative electrode sheet 201, so as to avoid harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the electrolyte on the negative electrode sheet 201 and the positive electrode sheet 202 volatilizing into the air, and reduce environmental pollution. And the collected black powder is free of impurities such as aluminum, copper and the like, so that the impurity removing step of the subsequent hydrometallurgy is shortened, the impurity removing cost is reduced, and the recovery rate of the noble metal is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the lithium battery recycling apparatus 100 provided in this embodiment includes a negative electrode baking box 1, a positive electrode baking box 2, a negative electrode separating assembly 3, and a positive electrode separating assembly 4, wherein the negative electrode baking box 1 and the positive electrode baking box 2 are independently disposed, a negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11 is disposed inside the negative electrode baking box 1, a positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 is disposed inside the positive electrode baking box 2, a positive electrode roll 200 is fixed between the negative electrode baking box 1 and the positive electrode baking box 2 through a rolling needle, the negative electrode separating assembly 3 can drive a negative electrode sheet 201 on the positive electrode roll 200 to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11, so that the negative electrode baking box 1 collects an electrolyte and a black powder on the negative electrode sheet 201, the positive electrode separating assembly 4 can drive a positive electrode sheet 202 and a diaphragm (not shown in the figure) on the positive electrode roll 200 to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21, so that the positive electrode baking box 2 collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode sheet 202, the separation of the positive pole piece 202 and the negative pole piece 201 with the diaphragm on the pole roll 200 can be realized by arranging the negative pole separation assembly 3 and the positive pole separation assembly 4, the harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the fact that electrolyte on the negative pole piece 201 and the positive pole piece 202 volatilizes into the air is also avoided, and the environmental pollution is reduced. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book 200 or positive negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to black powder on the positive negative pole piece drops, makes impurity such as no aluminium copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced the edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously. It should be noted that, due to the reason of battery design, the side of the diaphragm opposite to the positive electrode sheet 202 is coated with a binder with high viscosity, and directly separating the diaphragm from the positive electrode sheet 202 easily causes the positive electrode sheet 202 to break, so the positive electrode separation assembly 4 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm on the electrode roll 200 to move together in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21, and the tape breakage rate of the positive electrode sheet 202 and the negative electrode sheet 201 in the separation process can be reduced.
The specific structure of the negative constant temperature cavity 11 and the negative separation assembly 3 is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the negative constant temperature cavity 11 includes a negative front-stage low temperature region 111, a negative middle-stage high temperature region 112, and a negative end-stage low temperature region 113 that are sequentially arranged, the negative separation assembly 3 includes a negative guide roller 31 and a negative moving roller 32 that are arranged side by side, wherein the negative guide roller 31 is pivoted on an inner wall of the negative constant temperature cavity 11 and located in the negative front-stage low temperature region 111, the negative pole piece 201 is wound on the negative guide roller 31 and fixed on the negative moving roller 32, and the negative moving roller 32 can drive the negative pole piece 201 to sequentially pass through the negative front-stage low temperature region 111, the negative middle-stage high temperature region 112, and the negative end-stage low temperature region 113. Through designing into the negative pole constant temperature cavity 11 syllogic, because the temperature is lower at negative pole anterior segment low temperature zone 111, be convenient for operating personnel with negative pole piece 201 around on negative pole guide roll 31 and fix on negative pole removal roller 32, when negative pole removal roller 32 drove negative pole piece 201 and removed negative pole middle section high temperature zone 112, because the temperature of this section is higher, can decompose the aqueous binder on negative pole piece 201, make it inefficacy, thereby make the black powder that adheres on negative pole piece 201 drop, when negative pole removal roller 32 drove negative pole piece 201 and removed negative pole terminal low temperature zone 113, because this section temperature is lower, the temperature of negative pole piece 201 descends, then negative pole removal roller 32 rolls up negative pole piece 201 again. Specifically, the negative electrode moving roller 32 can be driven by a driving motor, so that the negative electrode moving roller 32 can move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11 towards a direction away from the negative electrode guide roller 31, and a rotating motor is further arranged on a support of the negative electrode moving roller 32 and can drive the negative electrode moving roller 32 to rotate, so that the negative electrode pole piece 201 can be wound. It should be noted that a negative electrode feed inlet and a negative electrode discharge outlet are formed in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11, the negative electrode feed inlet is located in the negative electrode front-section low temperature region 111, the negative electrode discharge outlet is located in the negative electrode end-section low temperature region 113, the negative electrode sheet 201 can pass through the negative electrode feed inlet, wind around the negative electrode guide roller 31 and be fixed on the negative electrode moving roller 32, and the negative electrode moving roller 32 can drive the negative electrode sheet 201 to move until the negative electrode sheet passes through the negative electrode discharge outlet and moves out of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11. In addition, by providing the negative electrode guide roller 31, a guide function can be provided for the direction in which the negative electrode sheet 201 moves away from the sheet roll 200.
In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a first collecting member 12, a second collecting member 13 and a third collecting member 14 are further disposed inside the negative electrode baking oven 1, wherein the first collecting member 12 is located at the bottom of the negative electrode front-section low-temperature region 111, and when the negative electrode moving roller 32 drives the negative electrode sheet 201 to start moving in the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity 11, the first collecting member 12 is used for collecting the liquid electrolyte falling from the negative electrode sheet 201. The second collecting member 13 is located at the top of the high temperature region 112 in the middle of the negative electrode, when the negative electrode moving roller 32 drives the negative electrode sheet 201 to move to the high temperature region 112 in the middle of the negative electrode, a small amount of electrolyte remaining on the negative electrode sheet 201 is vaporized in a high temperature state, and the second collecting member 13 is used for collecting the vaporized electrolyte on the negative electrode sheet 201. The third collecting member 14 is located at the bottom of the negative middle-section high-temperature region 112, when the negative moving roller 32 drives the negative pole piece 201 to move to the negative middle-section high-temperature region 112, the aqueous binder on the negative pole piece 201 starts to decompose at a high temperature, so that the black powder adhered on the negative pole piece 201 falls off, and the third collecting member 14 is used for collecting the black powder falling off the negative pole piece 201. Specifically, the first collecting member 12, the second collecting member 13, and the third collecting member 14 may be collecting boxes, and a condensing agent may be provided inside the second collecting member 13 to condense the collected vaporized electrolyte into a liquid.
In order to ensure that the black powder on the negative electrode sheet 201 falls cleaner, a first blowing part is arranged inside the negative middle-section high-temperature region 112 and used for blowing the black powder on the negative electrode sheet 201. Specifically, the first purging piece can be a blowing piece, and blows off the black powder through blowing force, and the first purging piece can also be set to be a brush, and when the negative electrode pole piece 201 passes through, the brush sweeps off the black powder on the negative electrode pole piece 201.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the low temperature zone 111 of the front segment of the negative electrode is 25 ° to 35 °, and this temperature setting can realize preheating of the negative electrode sheet 201, and is also convenient for an operator to pass the negative electrode sheet 201 through the negative electrode feed inlet to wind on the negative electrode guide roller 31 and fix on the negative electrode moving roller 32, so that the operator cannot be scalded. The temperature of the high-temperature region 112 in the middle section of the negative electrode is 120-160 degrees, and the temperature can ensure that the aqueous binder on the negative electrode plate 201 is decomposed, so that the black powder can fall off on the negative electrode plate 201 conveniently. The temperature of the negative end low-temperature region 113 is 25-35 degrees, and the temperature setting can enable the temperature of the negative pole piece 201 to gradually decrease, so that the negative pole moving roller 32 can conveniently wind the processed negative pole piece 201.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a specific structure of the positive constant temperature cavity 21 and the positive separation assembly 4 is described, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the positive constant temperature cavity 21 includes a positive front-stage low temperature region 211, a positive middle-stage high temperature region 212, and a positive end-stage low temperature region 213 that are sequentially arranged, the positive separation assembly 4 includes a positive guide roller 41 and a positive moving roller 42 that are arranged side by side, the positive guide roller 41 is pivoted on an inner wall of the positive constant temperature cavity 21 and located in the positive front-stage low temperature region 211, the positive pole piece 202 is wound on the positive guide roller 41 and fixed on the positive moving roller 42, and the positive moving roller 42 can drive the positive pole piece 202 to sequentially pass through the positive front-stage low temperature region 211, the positive middle-stage high temperature region 212, and the positive end-stage low temperature region 213. By designing the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 into a three-section type, the temperature of the low temperature region 211 at the front section of the positive electrode is low, so that an operator can conveniently wind the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm on the positive electrode guide roller 41 and fix the positive electrode sheet on the positive electrode moving roller 42, when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 to move to the high temperature region 212 at the middle section of the positive electrode, the diaphragm is heated and shrunk to fall off from the positive electrode sheet 202 due to the high temperature at the section, and the binder on the positive electrode sheet 202 can be decomposed to cause the binder to fail, so that the black powder adhered to the positive electrode sheet 202 falls off, and when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 to move to the low temperature region 213 at the tail end of the positive electrode, the temperature of the section is low, the temperature of the positive electrode sheet 202 falls, and then the positive electrode moving roller 42 winds the positive electrode sheet 202. Specifically, the positive electrode moving roller 42 can be driven by a driving motor, so that the positive electrode moving roller 42 can move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 in a direction away from the positive electrode guide roller 41, and a rotating motor is further arranged on a support of the positive electrode moving roller 42, and the rotating motor can drive the positive electrode moving roller 42 to rotate, so that the positive electrode sheet 202 is wound. It should be noted that the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 is provided with a positive electrode feed inlet and a positive electrode discharge outlet, the positive electrode feed inlet is located in the positive electrode front-stage low temperature region 211, the positive electrode discharge outlet is located in the positive electrode end-stage low temperature region 213, the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm can pass through the positive electrode feed inlet, wind around the positive electrode guide roller 41 and be fixed on the positive electrode moving roller 42, and the positive electrode moving roller 42 can drive the positive electrode sheet 202 to move until the positive electrode sheet 202 passes through the positive electrode discharge outlet and moves out of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21. Further, by providing the positive electrode guide roller 41, a guide function can be provided for the direction in which the positive electrode sheet 202 and the separator move apart on the sheet roll 200.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a fourth collecting member 22, a fifth collecting member 23, and a sixth collecting member 24 are further disposed inside the positive electrode baking oven 2, wherein the fourth collecting member 22 is located at the bottom of the positive electrode front-stage low-temperature region 211, and when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm to start moving in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21, the fourth collecting member 22 is used for collecting the liquid electrolyte falling from the positive electrode sheet 202. The fifth collecting member 23 is located at the top of the high temperature region 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm to move to the high temperature region 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, the diaphragm is heated and shrunk, a small amount of electrolyte remaining on the positive electrode sheet 202 is vaporized in a high temperature state, and the fifth collecting member 23 is used for collecting the vaporized electrolyte on the positive electrode sheet 202. The sixth collecting member 24 is located at the bottom of the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm to move to the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, the diaphragm is heated and shrunk, the binder on the positive electrode sheet 202 starts to decompose in a high temperature state, so that the black powder adhered on the positive electrode sheet 202 falls off, and the sixth collecting member 24 is used for collecting the black powder falling off the positive electrode sheet 202. Specifically, the fourth collecting member 22, the fifth collecting member 23, and the sixth collecting member 24 may be collecting boxes, and a condensing agent may be provided inside the fifth collecting member 23 to condense the collected vaporized electrolyte into a liquid.
In order to ensure that the black powder on the positive pole piece 202 falls cleaner, a second purging piece is arranged inside the positive middle-section high-temperature region 212 and used for blowing off the black powder on the positive pole piece 202. Specifically, the second purging piece can be a blowing piece which blows off the black powder by blowing force, and the second purging piece can also be set to be a brush which sweeps off the black powder on the positive pole piece 202 when the positive pole piece 202 passes through.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the front-stage low-temperature region 211 of the positive electrode is 25 ° to 35 °, and this temperature setting can realize preheating of the positive electrode sheet 202 and the separator, and is also convenient for an operator to pass the positive electrode sheet 202 and the separator through the positive electrode feed opening, wind the positive electrode guide roller 41, and fix the positive electrode guide roller on the positive electrode moving roller 42, so that the operator cannot be scalded. The temperature of the high-temperature region 212 in the middle section of the positive electrode is 400-450 degrees, the temperature can ensure that the binder of the positive electrode piece 202 is decomposed, and the diaphragm can be shrunk to be separated from the positive electrode piece 202, so that the black powder can fall off on the positive electrode piece 202 conveniently. The temperature of the low-temperature zone 213 at the end of the positive electrode is 25-35 deg., and the temperature setting can make the temperature of the positive electrode sheet 202 gradually decrease, so that the positive electrode moving roller 42 can wind the treated positive electrode sheet 202 conveniently.
The embodiment further provides a lithium battery recycling method, and the lithium battery recycling device 100 is used for recycling lithium batteries, and includes the following steps:
fixing a pole roll 200 between a negative pole baking box 1 and a positive pole baking box 2, fixing a negative pole piece 201 on a negative pole separation component 3, and fixing a positive pole piece 202 and a diaphragm on a positive pole separation component 4;
the negative separation component 3 drives the negative pole piece 201 to move in the negative constant-temperature cavity 11, and the positive separation component 4 drives the positive pole piece 202 and the diaphragm to move in the positive constant-temperature cavity 21;
after the negative electrode baking box 1 collects the electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode pole piece 201, the negative electrode separation component 3 starts to wind the negative electrode pole piece 201 at the tail end of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11; after the positive electrode baking box 2 collects the electrolyte and black powder on the positive electrode sheet 202, the positive electrode separation assembly 4 starts to wind the positive electrode sheet 202 at the end of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21.
The method can realize the separation of the positive pole piece 202 and the negative pole piece 201 with the diaphragm on the pole roll 200, avoid the harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the volatilization of the electrolytes on the negative pole piece 201 and the positive pole piece 202 into the air, and reduce the environmental pollution. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book 200 or positive negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to black powder on the positive negative pole piece drops, makes impurity such as no aluminium copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced the edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The lithium battery recovery device is characterized by comprising a negative electrode baking box (1) and a positive electrode baking box (2) which are independently arranged, wherein a negative electrode constant-temperature cavity (11) is arranged in the negative electrode baking box (1), and a positive electrode constant-temperature cavity (21) is arranged in the positive electrode baking box (2);
the lithium battery recovery device further comprises:
the negative electrode separation assembly (3) can drive a negative electrode sheet (201) on the electrode roll (200) to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11), so that the negative electrode baking box (1) collects electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode sheet (201); and
the positive pole separating assembly (4), positive pole separating assembly (4) can drive anodal pole piece (202) and the diaphragm on the utmost point book (200) and move in anodal constant temperature cavity (21), so that anodal baking box (2) are collected electrolyte and black powder on the anodal pole piece (202).
2. The lithium battery recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11) comprises a negative electrode front-section low temperature zone (111), a negative electrode middle-section high temperature zone (112) and a negative electrode end-section low temperature zone (113) which are sequentially arranged;
negative pole separable set (3) remove roller (32) including negative pole guide roll (31) and the negative pole that sets up side by side, negative pole guide roll (31) pin joint in just be located on the inner wall of negative pole constant temperature cavity (11) negative pole anterior segment low temperature area (111), negative pole piece (201) around on negative pole guide roll (31) and fixing on negative pole removes roller (32), negative pole removes roller (32) and can drives negative pole piece (201) pass in proper order negative pole anterior segment low temperature area (111), negative pole middle section high temperature area (112) and negative pole end low temperature area (113).
3. The lithium battery recovery device according to claim 2, wherein the negative electrode baking oven (1) is further provided with a first collecting member (12), a second collecting member (13) and a third collecting member (14) inside;
the first collecting piece (12) is positioned at the bottom of the negative front-section low-temperature region (111) and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the negative pole piece (201); the second collecting piece (13) is positioned at the top of the negative middle-section high-temperature area (112) and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the negative pole piece (201); the third collecting piece (14) is located at the bottom of the negative middle-section high-temperature area (112) and is configured to collect black powder falling from the negative pole piece (201).
4. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 3, wherein a first blowing member is disposed inside the negative middle-stage high temperature region (112) and configured to blow black powder off the negative pole piece (201).
5. The lithium battery recovery device according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the low temperature zone (111) of the front section of the negative electrode is 25-35 °; the temperature of the high-temperature area (112) in the middle section of the negative electrode is 120-160 degrees; the temperature of the negative electrode end section low-temperature area (113) is 25-35 degrees.
6. The lithium battery recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21) comprises a positive electrode front-section low temperature zone (211), a positive electrode middle-section high temperature zone (212) and a positive electrode end-section low temperature zone (213) which are sequentially arranged;
anodal separator subassembly (4) remove roller (42) including anodal guide roll (41) and the positive pole that sets up side by side, anodal guide roll (41) pin joint in just be located on the inner wall of anodal constant temperature cavity (21) anodal anterior segment low temperature area (211), anodal pole piece (202) with the diaphragm around in anodal guide roll (41) are gone up and are fixed on anodal removal roller (42), anodal removal roller (42) can drive anodal pole piece (202) with the diaphragm passes in proper order anodal anterior segment low temperature area (211), anodal middle section high temperature area (212) and anodal end low temperature area (213).
7. The lithium battery recovery device according to claim 6, wherein a fourth collecting member (22), a fifth collecting member (23) and a sixth collecting member (24) are further provided inside the positive electrode baking box (2);
the fourth collecting piece (22) is positioned at the bottom of the front-stage low-temperature region (211) of the positive electrode and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the positive electrode piece (202); the fifth collecting piece (23) is positioned at the top of the high-temperature area (212) in the middle of the positive electrode and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the positive electrode pole piece (202); the sixth collecting piece (24) is located at the bottom of the high-temperature area (212) in the middle of the positive electrode and is configured to collect black powder falling from the positive electrode piece (202).
8. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 7, wherein a second purging member is disposed inside the middle-stage high-temperature positive electrode region (212) and configured to blow off black powder on the positive electrode sheet (202).
9. The lithium battery recovery device according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the low temperature zone (211) of the front section of the positive electrode is 25 ° to 35 °; the temperature of the high-temperature area (212) in the middle section of the positive electrode is 400-450 degrees; the temperature of the anode end section low-temperature zone (213) is 25-35 degrees.
10. A lithium battery recycling method is characterized in that the lithium battery recycling device of any one of claims 1 to 9 is used for recycling lithium batteries, and comprises the following steps:
fixing the pole roll (200) between the negative pole baking box (1) and the positive pole baking box (2), fixing the negative pole piece (201) on the negative pole separation assembly (3), and fixing the positive pole piece (202) and the diaphragm on the positive pole separation assembly (4);
the negative electrode separation assembly (3) drives the negative electrode pole piece (201) to move in the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity (11), and the positive electrode separation assembly (4) drives the positive electrode pole piece (202) and the diaphragm to move in the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity (21);
after the negative electrode baking box (1) collects the electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode pole piece (201), the negative electrode separation component (3) starts to wind the negative electrode pole piece (201) at the tail end of the negative electrode constant-temperature cavity (11); after the positive electrode baking box (2) collects the electrolyte and black powder on the positive electrode piece (202), the positive electrode separation assembly (4) starts to wind the positive electrode piece (202) at the tail end of the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity (21).
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