CN114234921A - Tilt measuring instrument and method for measuring inclination direction of tower - Google Patents
Tilt measuring instrument and method for measuring inclination direction of tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN114234921A CN114234921A CN202111589708.1A CN202111589708A CN114234921A CN 114234921 A CN114234921 A CN 114234921A CN 202111589708 A CN202111589708 A CN 202111589708A CN 114234921 A CN114234921 A CN 114234921A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, and discloses an inclination measuring instrument and a method for measuring the inclination direction of a tower. The inclination measuring instrument comprises: the rotary table comprises a base and a rotary table which are coaxially arranged, and the rotary table is rotationally connected with the base; one end of the rotary disc is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a reading point for reading the number. The graduated scale and sliding sleeve sliding connection, the one end and the first laser instrument of graduated scale are connected, and the first laser instrument can be followed the radial flexible of revolving stage. And aligning the vertical central axis of the rotating table to a measuring positioning point, and then aligning the laser emitted by the first laser to the tower top cross material by rotating the rotating table and the sliding scale. The length of reading through the scale is read the number to position angle is got to the volume, can measure the shaft tower gradient through the operation promptly. The invention also provides a method for measuring the inclination direction of the tower, and the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the tower can be accurately and quickly calculated by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a gradient measuring instrument and a method for measuring the gradient direction of a tower.
Background
In the foundation construction project of the power transmission line, the inclination of the tower needs to be measured when the tower is checked and accepted, the offset values of the tower in east, south, west and north directions need to be measured by the existing measuring method, and the offset value of the whole tower is calculated by the Pythagorean theorem. In the measuring process, 4 observation points which are right opposite to the tower and have a certain distance with the tower need to be found, the observation points are not easy to select due to the influence of the environments such as the terrain, trees and the like, and the working efficiency is low. In the prior art, another measurement method is that a high-altitude operator climbs to the tower top, a hanging hammer is hung at the midpoint of a cross material and is made to drop to the tower foot, and then a ground operator measures an offset value. The method faces the risk of high-altitude operation and has low working efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide the inclination measuring instrument and the method for measuring the inclination direction of the tower, so as to accurately, conveniently and quickly measure the inclination of the tower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an inclinometer, comprising:
the rotary table comprises a base and a rotary table which are coaxially arranged, the rotary table is rotationally connected with the base, and the rotary table can rotate at any angle around the vertical central axis of the rotary table; one end of the rotary table is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a reading point for reading the readings;
the scale, scale and sliding sleeve sliding connection, the one end and the first laser instrument of scale are connected, and first laser instrument is configured to can follow the radial flexible of revolving stage.
As an alternative of the inclination measuring instrument, the sliding sleeve is further provided with a locking device, and the locking device is used for locking the graduated scale.
As an alternative of the inclinometer, a first digital display is further arranged on the sliding sleeve and used for reading the number of the graduated scale.
As an alternative to the inclinometer, a direction indicator is provided on the base for aligning the natural direction and a second digital display is provided for reading the position angle of the first laser.
As an alternative to the inclinometer, the turntable is provided with a level gauge for displaying the inclination angle of the turntable.
As an alternative of the inclination measuring instrument, the inclination measuring instrument further comprises a telescope, one end of the telescope is connected with the graduated scale, one end of the telescope, far away from the graduated scale, is connected with the first laser, and the telescope is used for observing long-distance laser alignment.
As an alternative to the inclinometer, the telescope includes an eyepiece, an objective lens, and a steering mirror, the objective lens and the exit aperture of the first laser facing in a first direction, and the eyepiece facing in a second direction.
As an alternative of the inclination measuring instrument, the inclination measuring instrument further comprises a support, the support comprises an object stage and support legs, and one end, far away from the sliding sleeve, of the base is connected with the object stage.
As an alternative to the inclinometer, a second laser is arranged at the end of the object stage away from the rotating table, and the second laser is used for aligning the inclinometer to the measurement positioning point.
A method for measuring the inclination direction of a tower is based on the inclination measuring instrument in any scheme, and comprises the following steps:
s10, aligning the vertical central axis of the rotating table to the measuring positioning point, and marking a certain direction in the plane of the rotating table as a positive direction;
recording the distance L between the reading point of the reading number on the sliding sleeve and the vertical central axis of the rotating platform0；
Building height H of tower top cross material0The laser emitting point of the first laser is h away from the ground0；
S20, aligning the laser emitted by the first laser to the tower top cross material by rotating the rotating platform and the sliding scale;
s30 reading scale L1Measuring the position angle theta of the laser relative to the positive direction;
s40, the position angle theta of the laser relative to the positive direction is the tower inclination direction, and the inclination angle alpha is calculated through the following formula:
wherein, when the reading point and the first laser are both positioned at the same side of the vertical central axis of the rotating table, L0Is a positive value; l when the reading point and the first laser are both located on opposite sides of the vertical central axis of the turntable0Is a negative value; l when the reading point is on the vertical central axis of the rotary table0Is zero.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an inclination measuring instrument, comprising: the rotary table comprises a base and a rotary table which are coaxially arranged, the rotary table is rotationally connected with the base, and the rotary table can rotate at any angle around the vertical central axis of the rotary table; one end of the rotary disc is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a reading point for reading the number. The graduated scale and sliding sleeve sliding connection, the one end and the first laser instrument of graduated scale are connected, and the first laser instrument is configured to can follow the radial flexible of revolving stage. The vertical central axis of the rotating platform is aligned to the measuring positioning point, and then laser emitted by the first laser can be aligned to the tower top cross material by rotating the rotating platform and the sliding scale. The inclination of the tower is accurately, conveniently and quickly measured by reading the length readings of the graduated scale and measuring the deflection angle. The invention also provides a method for measuring the inclination direction of the tower, and the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the tower can be accurately and quickly calculated by the method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a inclinometer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of tower inclination measurement provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. a rotating table; 11. a base; 12. a turntable; 121. a level gauge; 13. a sliding sleeve; 131. an reading point for reading an index; 132. a locking device; 133. a first digital display; 14. a second digital display;
2. a graduated scale;
3. a first laser;
4. a telescope; 41. an eyepiece; 42. an objective lens;
5. a support; 51. an object stage; 52. a support leg; 53. a second laser;
100. measuring a positioning point; 200. and (4) tower top cross material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a front view of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an inclinometer, which includes: a rotary table 1, a scale 2 and a first laser 3. By rotating the rotary table 1 and the sliding scale 2, the laser emitted by the first laser 3 can be aligned with the tower top cross member 200. The inclination of the tower is accurately, conveniently and quickly measured by reading the length readings of the graduated scale 2 and measuring the deflection angle.
In the present embodiment, the rotary table 1 is cylindrical, the rotary table 1 includes a cylindrical base 11 and a circular turntable 12 coaxially disposed, the turntable 12 is rotatably connected to the base 11, and the turntable 12 is configured to be rotatable by any angle around the axis of the cylindrical rotary table 1. One end of the rotary disc 12 far away from the base 11 is provided with a sliding sleeve 13, and the sliding sleeve 13 is provided with a reading point 131 for reading the number.
Specifically, the base 11 is provided with a direction indicator for aligning the natural direction and a second digital display 14 in the circumferential direction, the second digital display 14 being used to read the position angle of the first laser 3. For example, the south-facing direction in the natural direction is usually taken as the reference direction, the circumferential direction of the base 11 is provided with an "S" direction indicator, the turntable 12 is rotated after the "S" is aligned with the south-facing direction, and after the position of the turntable 12 is determined, the second digital display 14 displays the included angle between the connecting line between the first laser 3 and the center of the turntable 12 and the south-facing direction at that time.
As an optional technical solution, according to the difference of 90 ° between the positive directions in the horizontal plane, 4 positive directions are preset in the processor of the second digital display 14, and the second digital display 14 displays a certain positive direction and an acute angle between a line between the first laser 3 and the center of the circle of the turntable 12 and the positive direction.
As another alternative, in each use process, the first laser 3 rotates from a position directly opposite to the south, and the second digital display 14 displays the rotation angle of the rotating disc 12.
More specifically, the center point of the sliding sleeve 13 coincides with the center of the rotating disc 12, so that the axes of the sliding sleeve 13 in the length direction and the width direction coincide with the diameter of the rotating disc 12.
As a preferred technical solution, fig. 2 is a top view of the inclination measuring instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the reading point 131 on the sliding sleeve 13 coincides with the center of the rotating disc 12, so that the distance between the reading point 131 and the vertical central axis of the rotating disc 1 is zero, which is convenient for subsequent measurement and calculation.
Further preferably, with continued reference to fig. 2, the sliding sleeve 13 is further provided with a locking device 132 and a first digital display 133. The locking device 132 is used for locking the graduated scale 2 and preventing the graduated scale 2 and the sliding sleeve 13 from unnecessarily sliding relatively therebetween, for example, preventing the graduated scale 2 and the sliding sleeve 13 from sliding relatively during transportation of the inclinometer and preventing the graduated scale 2 and the sliding sleeve 13 from sliding relatively after the position of the graduated scale 2 is determined during reading. The first digital display 133 is used for directly displaying the readings of the reading points 131 corresponding to the scale 2, so that the condition of manual reading misreading can be effectively reduced.
The graduated scale 2 is slidably connected with the sliding sleeve 13, one end of the graduated scale 2 is connected with the first laser 3, and the first laser 3 is configured to be capable of extending and retracting along the radial direction of the rotating table 1. More specifically, the position of the orthographic projection of the laser emitting point of the first laser 3 on the graduated scale 2 is set as a zero scale of the graduated scale 2, the scale of the graduated scale 2 gradually increases from the zero scale to the end far away from the first laser 3 at equal intervals, and the scale precision is 1 mm. When the first laser 3 extends along the radial direction of the rotary table 1, the graduated scale 2 slides relative to the sliding sleeve 13. After the laser emitted by the first laser 3 is aligned with the measurement point, the reading number of the scale 2 aligned with the reading number reading point 131 is the distance between the measurement point and the reading number reading point 131. Since the reading point 131 coincides with the center of the turntable 12 and is located on the vertical central axis of the turntable 1 in the present embodiment, the distance between the measuring point and the reading point 131 is the distance between the measuring point and the vertical central axis of the turntable 1.
As a preferred technical solution, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the inclinometer further includes a telescope 4, the telescope 4 is located between the first laser 3 and the graduated scale 2, one end of the telescope 4 is connected to the graduated scale 2, one end of the telescope 4 far from the graduated scale 2 is connected to the first laser 3, and the telescope 4 is used for observing long-distance laser alignment. Specifically, the telescope 4 includes an eyepiece 41, an objective lens 42, and a steering mirror, the objective lens 42 and the exit aperture of the first laser 3 face a first direction, and the eyepiece 41 faces a second direction. Illustratively, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. The arrangement is such that when the first laser 3 emits laser light towards a high elevation perpendicular to the ground, the surveying staff can stand on the ground with the eyes horizontally aligned with the eyepiece 41.
Example two
The basic structure of the inclinometer provided by the embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and only part of the structure is different. The present embodiment will be described only with respect to a structure different from the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the inclinometer further comprises a support 5, the support 5 comprises an object table 51 and a support leg 52 which are connected with each other, and one end of the base 11 far away from the sliding sleeve 13 is connected with the object table 51. Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the stand 5 is a tripod that is foldable and telescopic. In other embodiments, the bracket 5 may be a four-leg bracket or other brackets
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the turntable 12 is provided with a level gauge 121, and the level gauge 121 is used to display the tilt angle of the turntable 12. The types of levels 121 are numerous and it is illustratively noted that the levels 121 may alternatively be bubble levels (box levels) or electronic levels. When the tilt angle of the turntable 12 is large, the feet 52 need to be adjusted to level the turntable 12.
It is further preferred that the end of the object table 51 remote from the turntable 1 is provided with a second laser 53, the second laser 53 being used to assist the inclinometer in aligning the measurement positioning point 100. In the present embodiment, the light exit hole of the second laser 53 is located on the vertical central axis of the turntable 1, and the laser beam emitted by the second laser 53 coincides with the vertical central axis of the turntable 1. When the laser positioning device is used, the second laser 53 emits laser towards the bottom surface, and when the laser beam is aligned with the measurement positioning point 100, the vertical central axis of the rotating platform 1 coincides with the vertical central axis of the object to be measured.
The specific embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring an inclination direction of a tower, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for measuring an inclination of a tower provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, the inclination measuring instrument based on any one of the above technical solutions includes the following steps:
s10, aligning the vertical central axis of the rotating platform 1 to the measuring positioning point 100, and marking a certain direction in the plane of the rotating platform 1 as a positive direction; for example, the positive south direction is the positive direction. The measurement positioning point 100 is the intersection point of the vertical central line of the tower and the ground.
Recording slideThe distance between the reading point 131 on the sleeve 13 and the vertical central axis of the rotating table 1 is L0；
Building height H of tower top cross section 2000The laser emitting point of the first laser 3 is away from the ground h0；
S20, aligning the laser emitted by the first laser 3 with the tower top crossing material 200 by rotating the rotating platform 1 and the sliding scale 2;
s40, the position angle theta of the laser relative to the positive direction is the tower inclination direction, and the inclination angle alpha is calculated through the following formula:
wherein, when the reading point 131 and the first laser 3 are both located on the same side of the vertical central axis of the rotating table 1, L0Is a positive value; l when the reading point 131 and the first laser 3 are both located on opposite sides of the vertical central axis of the turntable 10Is a negative value; l when the reading point 131 is located on the vertical central axis of the turntable 10Is zero.
Preferably, the second laser 53 on the stage 51 is used to assist in the calibration during the alignment of the vertical central axis of the rotary table 1 to the measurement positioning point 100.
It is further preferred that the level 121 is observed and the legs 52 are adjusted to level the turntable 12 before the laser light emitted by the first laser 3 is directed at the tower top cross-member 200 by rotating the rotary table 1 and sliding the scale 2.
Further preferably, when the laser light emitted from the first laser 3 is aligned with the tower top cross member 200 by rotating the rotary table 1 and the sliding scale 2, pre-alignment is performed by visual observation, and then the precise alignment is observed through the telescope 4.
Further preferably, the reading L of the scale 2 is read1Previously, the scale 2 was fixed by the locking device 132.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An inclinometer, characterized by comprising:
the rotary table (1) comprises a base (11) and a rotary table (12) which are coaxially arranged, the rotary table (12) is rotatably connected with the base (11), and the rotary table (12) can rotate around the vertical central axis of the rotary table (1) by any angle; one end of the rotary table (12) is provided with a sliding sleeve (13), and the sliding sleeve (13) is provided with a reading point (131);
a scale (2), scale (2) with sliding sleeve (13) sliding connection, the one end and the first laser instrument (3) of scale (2) are connected, first laser instrument (3) are configured as can follow the radial flexible of revolving stage (1).
2. Inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (13) is also provided with locking means (132), said locking means (132) being intended to lock the graduated scale (2).
3. Inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that said sliding sleeve (13) is also provided with a first digital display (133), said first digital display (133) being intended to read the readings of said graduated scale (2).
4. Inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that said base (11) is provided with a direction marker for aligning the natural direction and a second digital display (14) for reading the position angle of said first laser (3).
5. Inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that the turntable (12) is provided with a level gauge (121), the level gauge (121) being used to display the inclination angle of the turntable (12).
6. Inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a telescope (4), the telescope (4) being connected at one end to the graduated scale (2), the telescope (4) being connected at the end remote from the graduated scale (2) to the first laser (3), the telescope (4) being used to observe long-range laser alignments.
7. Inclinometer according to claim 6, characterized in that said telescope (4) comprises an eyepiece (41), an objective lens (42) and a steering mirror, said objective lens (42) being oriented with the exit aperture of said first laser (3) in a first direction and said eyepiece (41) being oriented in a second direction.
8. The inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a support (5), said support (5) comprising an object table (51) and feet (52), the end of the base (11) remote from the sliding sleeve (13) being connected to the object table (51).
9. The inclinometer according to claim 8, characterized in that the end of the object table (51) remote from the rotating table (1) is provided with a second laser (53), said second laser (53) being used to align the inclinometer at a measurement positioning point (100).
10. Method for measuring the inclination direction of a tower, based on the inclinometer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
s10, aligning the vertical central axis of the rotating platform (1) to the measuring positioning point (100), and marking a certain direction in the plane of the rotating platform (1) as a positive direction;
the distance between the reading point (131) on the recording sliding sleeve (13) and the vertical central axis of the rotating platform (1) is L0；
Building height H of tower top cross section bar (200)0The laser emitting point of the first laser (3) is h away from the ground0；
S20, aligning the laser emitted by the first laser (3) to the tower top cross material (200) by rotating the rotating platform (1) and the sliding scale (2);
s30, reading the number L of the graduated scale (2)1Measuring the position angle theta of the laser relative to the positive direction;
s40, the position angle theta of the laser relative to the positive direction is the tower inclination direction, and the inclination angle alpha is calculated through the following formula:
wherein L is located on the same side of the vertical central axis of the rotary table (1) when the reading point (131) and the first laser (3) are both located on the same side0Is a positive value; l when the reading point (131) and the first laser (3) are both located on opposite sides of the vertical central axis of the rotary table (1)0Is a negative value; l when the reading point (131) is located on the vertical central axis of the rotary table 10Is zero.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111589708.1A CN114234921A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Tilt measuring instrument and method for measuring inclination direction of tower |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111589708.1A CN114234921A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Tilt measuring instrument and method for measuring inclination direction of tower |
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| CN114234921A true CN114234921A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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| CN202111589708.1A Pending CN114234921A (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Tilt measuring instrument and method for measuring inclination direction of tower |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209166412U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-07-26 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司大理局 | A kind of inclination of transmission line tower measuring instrument |
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2021
- 2021-12-23 CN CN202111589708.1A patent/CN114234921A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209166412U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-07-26 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司大理局 | A kind of inclination of transmission line tower measuring instrument |
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