CN114233383A - Construction method of water storage system of opencast coal mine - Google Patents
Construction method of water storage system of opencast coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233383A CN114233383A CN202111471199.2A CN202111471199A CN114233383A CN 114233383 A CN114233383 A CN 114233383A CN 202111471199 A CN202111471199 A CN 202111471199A CN 114233383 A CN114233383 A CN 114233383A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/16—Modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for liquids or gases
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for building a water storage system of an opencast coal mine, which can be used for building a water storage system in an opencast coal mine area, wherein a waste dump reservoir can store surface precipitation, seepage of stripped objects and the like, can realize water dispatching with a water-bearing stratum, can discharge water for production greening operation and the like, recycles regional water resources to a greater extent, avoids regional water resource waste, and cannot interfere regional hydrological environment and surface ecology after draining underground water in a mining area, thereby realizing the final aim of protecting ecological environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of opencast coal mines, in particular to a construction method of a water storage system of an opencast coal mine.
Background
The western part of China has abundant shallow coal resources suitable for open-pit mining. The process of production and development of the open pit coal mine is to carry out drainage treatment on underground water in an excavated stratum, the drainage water is usually directly discharged into surface ditches to be discharged, water resources are wasted, the balance of regional water resources can be interfered, and the ecological balance of the regional water resources is not favorably maintained.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for constructing a water storage system for opencast coal mines, which is advantageous for maintaining regional water resource balance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a construction method of a water storage system of an open pit coal mine, which can circulate drained water in a region, saves water resources and is beneficial to maintaining the water resource balance in the region.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a construction method of a water storage system of an opencast coal mine, which comprises the following steps:
s1: pre-marking a waste discharge area and a mining area in a geophysical prospecting and drilling mode, and determining the depth of a water-bearing layer and the depth of a coal bed;
s2: constructing a first funnel-shaped water diversion layer towards the aquifer in the dumping field;
s3: at least one water storage tank is constructed in the soil discharging field area within the range of the top opening of the first water diversion layer;
s4: constructing a plurality of drainage holes which are arranged at intervals downwards in the mining area, draining the mining area, and guiding the drained water to the water storage tank;
s5: constructing at least one communicating drill hole from the bottom of the water storage tank to the aquifer, and installing a communicating pipeline with an electric valve in each communicating drill hole;
s6: sealing the top opening of the communication bore hole and covering the top opening of the communication pipeline;
s7: arranging a surface soil rock stratum above the coal seam in the mining area according to a preset sequence, and discharging stripped objects into the soil discharge field, wherein annular soil discharge steps are sequentially constructed in the soil discharge field within the range of the top opening of the first water diversion layer and around the periphery of the top opening of the water storage tank from bottom to top;
the space surrounded by the inner ring surface of the soil discharging step is communicated with the water storage tank to form a soil discharging field reservoir;
s8: waterproof layers are constructed on the wall and the bottom of the reservoir of the waste dump;
s9: a water pump is arranged at a designated position in the waste dump reservoir;
a water conduit communicated with the waste dump reservoir is arranged on the waste disposal step, and the electric valve is arranged in the water conduit;
mounting a control device at the top of the soil discharging step;
connecting the electric valve and the water pump with the control equipment;
s10: and opening the top opening of the communication pipeline to complete the construction of the water storage system of the opencast coal mine.
In one optional technical scheme, the construction method of the first drainage layer comprises the following steps:
constructing a circle of first inclined drilling holes at intervals along the circumferential direction in the soil discharging field area;
fracturing each of the first angled holes with a fracturing apparatus and forming a formation fracture extending toward a perimeter of the first angled holes;
pouring concrete slurry into each first inclined drilling hole;
and forming the first drainage layer after the concrete slurry is solidified.
In one optional technical scheme, a funnel-shaped second water diversion layer is constructed in the soil discharging step.
In one optional technical scheme, the construction method of the second drainage layer comprises the following steps:
constructing a circle of second inclined drilling holes at intervals at the preset height of the soil discharging step;
pouring concrete slurry into the second inclined drilling hole;
and forming the second water diversion layer after the concrete slurry is solidified.
In one optional technical scheme, the connecting pipeline is installed in the following manner:
after the lower end of the communication drill hole is communicated with the aquifer, a metal pipe is arranged in the communication drill hole; wherein the radius of the metal tube is smaller than the radius of the communication bore;
filling gravel into an annular space between the metal pipe and the communication drill hole to a preset height;
after slowly withdrawing the metal pipe, forming a gravel well in the aquifer;
placing the communication pipeline into the communication borehole, and enabling the lower end of the communication pipeline to be located in the gravel well and the upper end of the communication pipeline to be located in the water storage tank;
sealing the top opening of the communicating bore hole and fixing the communicating pipe.
In one alternative, after gravel packing, a concrete slurry is injected into the annulus between the metal pipe and the communication borehole to hold the top gravel in place.
In one optional technical scheme, a first port and a second port are arranged at the top of the communication pipeline, the first port is connected with a water inlet of one of the water pumps, and the electric valve is installed in the second port;
when water is dispatched from the aquifer to the waste dump reservoir, the water pump connected to the first port is turned on and the electrically operated valve in the second port is closed;
when the waste dump reservoir dispatches water to the aquifer, the water pump connected with the first port is closed, and the electric valve in the second port is opened.
In one optional technical scheme, a plurality of waste dump reservoirs are constructed in the waste dump;
any two of the waste dump reservoirs are connected through an underground pipeline, and the electric valve is installed in the underground pipeline.
In one optional technical scheme, before the waterproof layer is constructed, the peeled objects falling from the water storage tank are transported out.
In one optional technical scheme, the top opening of the communicating pipeline and the pipe orifice of the water conduit are respectively covered with a filter cover.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the construction method of the opencast coal mine water storage system, the first water diversion layer is constructed, so that water above the drainage field can be guided to flow towards the lower water-containing layer, and the loss from the periphery of the drainage field is avoided.
According to the construction method of the water storage system of the open pit coal mine, the first diversion layer is constructed, so that water in the dumping field area can be prevented from flowing into the coal bed in the mining area, and coal bed mining operation of the mining area is facilitated.
According to the construction method of the opencast coal mine water storage system, the drainage water is guided to the soil discharging area and can be guided to the aquifer through the first water guide layer, so that the ecological balance of water resources in the area can be kept, and the water resources are saved.
The construction method of the water storage system for the opencast coal mine can construct the water storage system in an opencast coal mine area, the impounding reservoir of the waste dump can store surface precipitation, seepage of stripped objects and the like, can realize water dispatching with a water-bearing stratum, can discharge water to supply production greening operation and the like, recycles regional water resources to a great extent, avoids regional water resource waste, and cannot interfere regional hydrological environment and surface ecology after draining underground water in a mining area, thereby realizing the final aim of protecting ecological environment.
Drawings
The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood by reference to the drawings. It should be understood that: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the figure:
fig. 1 is a sectional view of a drainage area and a mining area divided by a method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a first inclined bore hole;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a method of constructing a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a first angled hole being formed;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of a water storage system for a strip coal mine constructed with a first drainage layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention with a reservoir constructed therein;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, draining water from a mining area to a reservoir;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of a method of constructing a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a communication borehole is formed and a communication pipe is installed in the communication borehole;
fig. 8 is a sectional view of a refuse dump reservoir formed on a refuse chute according to a method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of a refuse dump reservoir formed on a refuse discharging step;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a refuse dump reservoir in communication with an aquifer for dispatching water;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of inserting a metal pipe in a communication borehole and filling the annulus with gravel;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of the lower end of a communication conduit having first and second ports at its upper end inserted into a gravel well.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a method for constructing a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
s1: the drainage field area 100 and the mining area 200 are previously divided by means of geophysical prospecting and drilling, and the depth of the aquifer 3 and the depth of the coal seam 4 are determined.
S2: a funnel-shaped first drainage layer 6 is constructed in the drainage field 100 toward the aquifer 3.
S3: at least one water storage tank 7 is constructed in the drainage site area 100 within the range of the top opening of the first drainage layer 6.
S4: a plurality of drainage holes 8 which are arranged at intervals are constructed downwards in the mining area 200, drainage is carried out on the mining area 200, and the drained water is guided to a water storage tank 7.
S5: at least one communication bore 10 is formed from the bottom of the reservoir 7 towards the aquifer 3, and a communication pipe 11 having an electric valve 12 is installed in each communication bore 10.
S6: the top opening of the communication bore 10 is sealed and the top opening of the communication duct 11 is covered.
S7: and (3) stripping the surface soil rock layer above the coal seam 4 according to a preset sequence in the mining area 200, and discharging stripped objects into the waste disposal site 100, wherein annular waste disposal steps 300 are sequentially constructed in the waste disposal site 100 within the range of the top opening of the first water diversion layer 6 and around the periphery of the top opening of the water storage tank 7 from bottom to top.
Wherein, the space enclosed by the inner ring surface of the soil discharging step 300 is communicated with the water storage tank 7 to form a soil discharging field reservoir 400.
S8: waterproof layers 401 are constructed on the wall and the bottom of the waste dump reservoir 400.
S9: a water pump 13 is installed at a designated position in the waste dump water reservoir 400.
A water conduit 14 communicating with the waste dump reservoir 400 is installed on the waste disposal step 300, and an electrically operated valve 12 is provided in the water conduit 14.
A control device 15 is installed on the top of the discharging step 300.
The electric valve 12 and the water pump 13 are connected with a control device 15.
S10: and opening the top opening of the communication pipeline 11 to complete the construction of the water storage system of the opencast coal mine.
The invention provides a method for building a water storage system of an opencast coal mine, which is used for building the water storage system of the opencast coal mine in the process of opencast mine mining.
The construction method of the opencast coal mine water storage system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: site selection: an open-pit site is selected by geophysical prospecting and drilling, the dumping field area 100 and the mining area 200 are selected, and the depth of the aquifer 3 and the depth or burial depth of the coal seam 4 are determined.
The drainage field 100 and the production zone 200 generally include topsoil 1, rock 2, aquifer 3, and various formations below. The coal seam 4 in the production zone 200 is generally above the aquifer 3. The aquifer 3 is the main source of surface moisture. For convenience of description, topsoil layer 1 and rock layer 2 will be hereinafter collectively referred to as topsoil rock layer in this application.
The second step is that: a funnel-shaped first drainage layer 6 is constructed in the drainage field 100 from the topsoil layer 1 toward the aquifer 3. The first drainage layer 6 has a large top opening and a small bottom opening for directing the flow of water above towards the aquifer 3. The first drainage layer 6 also prevents water in the drainage field 100 from flowing into the coal seam 4 in the mining area 200, facilitating coal seam mining operations in the mining area 200.
The third step: at least one water storage tank 7 is constructed in the waste dump area 100, and the bottom of the water storage tank 7 is positioned in the topsoil layer 1. The reservoir 7 is within the open top of the first drainage layer 6 to ensure that water flowing down the reservoir 7 is directed by the first drainage layer 6 towards the aquifer 3.
The fourth step: a plurality of drainage holes 8 are constructed in the mining area 200, drainage is carried out on the mining area 200 through a pipeline 9 and a pumping device, underground water discharged by the mining area 200 is drained to a water storage tank 7 through the pipeline 9, the underground water can be guided to the aquifer 3 through the first water guide layer 6, the ecological balance of water resources in the area can be kept, and water resources are saved.
The fifth step: after the drainage water in the water storage tank 7 is drained, the communication drill hole 10 is constructed. If the drained water in the reservoir 7 cannot be completely drained, it may be considered to pump the drained water to the outside of the reservoir 7 by a water pump, and spray the drained water as much as possible within the range of the top opening of the first drainage layer 6 in the drainage site 100, so that the drained water is guided from the plurality of areas to the aquifer 3 through the first drainage layer 6.
Communication bores 10 are formed from the bottom of the reservoir 7 towards the aquifer 3, and then a communication pipe 11 is installed in each communication bore 10. The communication pipe 11 has an electric valve 12 therein to control opening and closing of the communication pipe 11. The bore diameter of the bore 10 and the pipe diameter of the communication pipe 11 can be set as required.
And a sixth step: the top opening of the communication bore 10 is sealed, the communication pipe 11 is fixed, and falling strippable substances are prevented from entering the communication bore 10 and damaging the communication pipe 11. The top opening of the communicating pipe 11 is sealed by a cover plate or a sealing cover, so that falling strippings are prevented from blocking the communicating pipe 11 or smashing the electric valve 12 inside.
The seventh step: the stripping of the overburden above the coal seam 4 in the mining area 200 is initiated and the formed stripped material (soil, rock, etc.) is discharged by the dumping cars into the dumping field 100. The peeled matter discharged into the waste dump site 100 is wound around the periphery of the top opening of the reservoir 7 and inside the boundary of the top opening of the first drainage layer 6, and the mountain-shaped waste disposal step 300 is constructed in the order from bottom to top. The soil discharge step 300 is annular, and the space inside the soil discharge step is communicated with the water storage tank 7 to form a soil discharge site reservoir 400.
After the dumping is completed, the mining area 200 may be operated for coal mining.
Eighth step: because the soil, rock and the like in the soil discharging step 300 are comparatively loose, the water storage capacity is poor, and water prevention is needed. Waterproof layers 401 are constructed on the wall and the bottom of the waste dump reservoir 400. The pool wall comprises the wall of the reservoir 7 and the inner annular surface of the soil discharge step 300. The bottom of the pool is the bottom of the water storage tank 7. Before water is prevented, the pond walls and the pond bottom need to be leveled, so that the cross section of the waste dump water reservoir 400 is approximately in a trapezoid shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part. After leveling, a concrete layer can be poured and formed on the pool wall and the pool bottom, and then a waterproof coating layer is brushed on the concrete layer.
The ninth step: after waterproofing is done, the waste dump reservoir 400 is shown to have water holding capacity. Then, a water pump 13 is installed at a designated position in the waste water reservoir 400, and a plurality of water pumps 13 may be installed as needed. The water pump 13 may provide a pumping force to the communication pipe 11 to pump the water in the aquifer 3 into the waste dump reservoir 400.
A water conduit 14 is installed on the waste disposal step 300, an electric valve 12 is arranged in the water conduit 14, and the water conduit 14 and the inlet of the waste disposal reservoir 400 are positioned at the middle lower part of the waste disposal reservoir 400.
The control device 15 is installed on the top of the soil discharging step 300, and the control device 15 can select automatic control devices such as a computer and the like.
The electric valve 12 and the water pump 13 are connected with a control device 15, and the control device 15 can remotely control the opening and closing of the electric valve 12 and the water pump 13.
The tenth step: after the electrical equipment and the pipelines are installed, the top opening of the communicating pipeline 11 is opened, and then the construction of the water storage system of the opencast coal mine is completed.
The construction method of the water storage system for the opencast coal mine can construct the water storage system in the opencast coal mine area, the impounding reservoir 400 of the waste dump can store surface precipitation, seepage of stripped objects and the like, can realize water dispatching with the aquifer 3, can discharge water to supply production greening operation and the like, recycles regional water resources to a great extent, avoids regional water resource waste, and cannot interfere with regional hydrological environment and surface ecology after draining the underground water of the mining area 200, thereby realizing the final aim of protecting ecological environment.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first drainage layer 6 is constructed by the following method:
a circle of first inclined drilled holes 5 is constructed at intervals in the circumferential direction at the dump site 100.
Each first angled bore 5 is fractured by the fracturing apparatus and a formation fracture is formed that extends towards the periphery of the first angled bore 5.
Concrete grout is poured into each first inclined borehole 5.
And forming a first drainage layer 6 after the concrete slurry is solidified.
In this embodiment, the construction method of the first drainage layer 6 is as follows:
a circle is defined at the dump area 100, and then a plurality of first inclined holes 5 inclined downward and inward are drilled along the circle. A plurality of first angled holes 5 are evenly spaced along the circle. The interval or density of the first inclined holes 5 can be set as desired.
The lower end of the first angled bore 5 may extend to the aquifer 3 and remain as far above the aquifer 3 as possible to avoid damage to the aquifer 3. The length of the first inclined borehole 5 can be calculated in advance according to the depth of the aquifer 3 and the inclination angle of the first inclined borehole 5 so as to control the position of the first inclined borehole 5 underground.
Each first inclined drilling hole 5 is fractured by a fracturing device (such as a hydraulic jet fracturing drilling device) and the like, so that a fracture is generated around the first inclined drilling hole, and the adjacent two first inclined drilling holes 5 can be communicated through the fracture.
Concrete grout is poured into each first inclined borehole 5 by grouting equipment. The concrete slurry flows along the first inclined drilling holes 5 and simultaneously permeates into the cracks, so that the concrete slurry in each first inclined drilling hole 5 is combined, and a funnel-shaped first water diversion layer 6 is formed after the concrete slurry is solidified.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, a funnel-shaped second water diversion layer 301 is constructed in the soil discharging step 300, so that water in the soil discharging step 300 can be guided to collect towards the middle, and the collapse of the slope of the lower step is avoided. A second drainage layer 301 may be constructed at each step, as needed.
In one embodiment, the second drainage layer 301 is constructed as follows:
and constructing a circle of second inclined drilling holes at intervals at a preset height of the soil discharging step 300.
And pouring concrete slurry into the second inclined drilling hole.
And forming a second water diversion layer 301 after the concrete slurry is solidified.
In this embodiment, the height of the second diversion layer 301 is designed in advance, and then a circle of second inclined drilling holes are drilled into the soil discharging step 300 at the height. And then, concrete grout is injected into each second inclined drilling hole through grouting equipment, and the concrete grout can permeate towards the periphery of the second inclined drilling holes due to the comparative transmission of rock and soil in the dumping step 300, so that the funnel-shaped second water diversion layer 301 is formed after the concrete grout is solidified. The interval or density of the second inclined drilling holes can be set according to requirements.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11-12, the communication duct 11 is mounted as follows:
after the lower end of the communication bore 10 communicates with the aquifer 3, the metal pipe 17 is first lowered into the communication bore 10. Wherein the radius of the metal tube 17 is smaller than the radius of the communication borehole 10.
The annular space between the metal pipe 17 and the communication borehole 10 is filled with gravel 18 to a predetermined height.
After the metal pipe 17 is slowly withdrawn, a gravel well 20 is formed in the aquifer 3.
The communication pipe 11 is lowered into the communication borehole 10 such that the lower end of the communication pipe 11 is in the gravel well 20 and the upper end of the communication pipe 11 is in the reservoir 7.
The top opening of the communication bore 10 is sealed and the communication duct 11 is fixed.
In this embodiment, the communicating pipe 11 is installed as follows:
a metal pipe 17 is lowered into the communication bore 10, the radius of the metal pipe 17 being smaller than the radius of the communication bore 10, and the metal pipe 17 is fixed in the reservoir 7 by means of a fixing device, so that an annular space is formed between the outer surface of the metal pipe 17 and the wall of the bore 10.
The annular space is filled with gravel 18 to a predetermined height, typically above the top of the aquifer 3, the height of the gravel 18 being detectable by a probe. The gravel 18 is then tamped down by the metal rod.
The metal pipe 17 is then slowly withdrawn upwardly, thereby forming a gravel well 20 in the aquifer 3.
Then, the communication pipe 11 is lowered into the communication borehole 10 with the lower end of the communication pipe 11 in the gravel well 20, and clogging of the lower end of the communication pipe 11 can be avoided. The upper end of the communication pipe 11 is in the water storage tank 7.
Then, by pouring concrete, a concrete sealing ring 21 is formed between the upper portion of the communication borehole 10 and the wall of the hole of the communication borehole 10 to seal the top opening of the communication borehole 10 and fix the communication pipe 11, thereby completing the installation of the communication pipe 11.
In one embodiment, as shown in figures 11-12, after gravel 18 has been packed, a concrete slurry is injected into the annular space between the metal pipe 17 and the communication borehole 10 to form a concrete collar 19 to hold the top gravel in place.
In this embodiment, the metal pipe 17 needs to be drawn out before the concrete slurry is completely solidified, and the node where the metal pipe 17 is drawn out can be determined according to the time.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the top of the communication pipe 11 has a first port 11-1 and a second port 11-2, the first port 11-1 is connected with the water inlet of one of the water pumps 13, and the second port 11-2 is installed with an electric valve 12.
When water is being dispatched from the aquifer 3 to the dump reservoir 400, the water pump 13 connected to the first port 11-1 is turned on and the electrically operated valve 12 in the second port 11-2 is closed.
When the dump reservoir 400 dispatches water to the aquifer 3, the water pump 13 connected to the first port 11-1 is turned off and the electrically operated valve 12 in the second port 11-2 is opened.
With this arrangement, the water pump 13 is only used when the aquifer 3 dispatches water to the waste dump reservoir 400, and the water pump 13 is turned off when the waste dump reservoir 400 dispatches water to the aquifer 3, and the water automatically flows into the aquifer 3 by gravity.
In one embodiment, a plurality of waste dump reservoirs 400 are constructed in the waste dump 100. Any two waste dump reservoirs 400 are connected through an underground pipeline, and an electric valve 12 is installed in the underground pipeline.
The plurality of waste dump reservoirs 400 may increase storage capacity and may schedule water use with each other to meet different needs.
In one embodiment, the peeled materials falling from the water storage tank 7 are transported out before the waterproof layer 401 is constructed, so that later dredging can be reduced.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 12, a filtering cover 16 is respectively covered on the top opening of the communicating pipe 11 and the nozzle of the water conduit 14. The filter cover 16 is a steel bar cover, which can prevent the pipe orifice from being blocked.
In summary, the method for constructing the water storage system of the opencast coal mine can guide the water above the drainage field to flow to the lower aquifer by constructing the first drainage layer, so that the water is prevented from being lost from the periphery of the drainage field.
According to the construction method of the water storage system of the open pit coal mine, the first diversion layer is constructed, so that water in the dumping field area can be prevented from flowing into the coal bed in the mining area, and coal bed mining operation of the mining area is facilitated.
According to the construction method of the opencast coal mine water storage system, the drainage water is guided to the soil discharging area and can be guided to the aquifer through the first water guide layer, so that the ecological balance of water resources in the area can be kept, and the water resources are saved.
The construction method of the water storage system for the opencast coal mine can construct the water storage system in an opencast coal mine area, the impounding reservoir of the waste dump can store surface precipitation, seepage of stripped objects and the like, can realize water dispatching with a water-bearing stratum, can discharge water to supply production greening operation and the like, recycles regional water resources to a great extent, avoids regional water resource waste, and cannot interfere regional hydrological environment and surface ecology after draining underground water in a mining area, thereby realizing the final aim of protecting ecological environment.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a water storage system of an open pit coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: pre-marking a waste discharge area and a mining area in a geophysical prospecting and drilling mode, and determining the depth of a water-bearing layer and the depth of a coal bed;
s2: constructing a first funnel-shaped water diversion layer towards the aquifer in the dumping field;
s3: at least one water storage tank is constructed in the soil discharging field area within the range of the top opening of the first water diversion layer;
s4: constructing a plurality of drainage holes which are arranged at intervals downwards in the mining area, draining the mining area, and guiding the drained water to the water storage tank;
s5: constructing at least one communicating drill hole from the bottom of the water storage tank to the aquifer, and installing a communicating pipeline with an electric valve in each communicating drill hole;
s6: sealing the top opening of the communication bore hole and covering the top opening of the communication pipeline;
s7: arranging a surface soil rock stratum above the coal seam in the mining area according to a preset sequence, and discharging stripped objects into the soil discharge field, wherein annular soil discharge steps are sequentially constructed in the soil discharge field within the range of the top opening of the first water diversion layer and around the periphery of the top opening of the water storage tank from bottom to top;
the space surrounded by the inner ring surface of the soil discharging step is communicated with the water storage tank to form a soil discharging field reservoir;
s8: waterproof layers are constructed on the wall and the bottom of the reservoir of the waste dump;
s9: a water pump is arranged at a designated position in the waste dump reservoir;
a water conduit communicated with the waste dump reservoir is arranged on the waste disposal step, and the electric valve is arranged in the water conduit;
mounting a control device at the top of the soil discharging step;
connecting the electric valve and the water pump with the control equipment;
s10: and opening the top opening of the communication pipeline to complete the construction of the water storage system of the opencast coal mine.
2. The method of constructing a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the first drainage layer is constructed by:
constructing a circle of first inclined drilling holes at intervals along the circumferential direction in the soil discharging field area;
fracturing each of the first angled holes with a fracturing apparatus and forming a formation fracture extending toward a perimeter of the first angled holes;
pouring concrete slurry into each first inclined drilling hole;
and forming the first drainage layer after the concrete slurry is solidified.
3. The method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to claim 1, wherein a funnel-shaped second drainage layer is constructed in the soil discharging step.
4. The method of constructing a water storage system for a opencast coal mine according to claim 3, wherein the second drainage layer is constructed by:
constructing a circle of second inclined drilling holes at intervals at the preset height of the soil discharging step;
pouring concrete slurry into the second inclined drilling hole;
and forming the second water diversion layer after the concrete slurry is solidified.
5. The method of constructing a water storage system for a opencut coal mine as defined in claim 1, wherein the communication conduit is installed in the following manner:
after the lower end of the communication drill hole is communicated with the aquifer, a metal pipe is arranged in the communication drill hole; wherein the radius of the metal tube is smaller than the radius of the communication bore;
filling gravel into an annular space between the metal pipe and the communication drill hole to a preset height;
after slowly withdrawing the metal pipe, forming a gravel well in the aquifer;
placing the communication pipeline into the communication borehole, and enabling the lower end of the communication pipeline to be located in the gravel well and the upper end of the communication pipeline to be located in the water storage tank;
sealing the top opening of the communicating bore hole and fixing the communicating pipe.
6. The method of constructing a opencast coal mine water storage system as defined in claim 5, wherein after gravel packing, a concrete slurry is injected into the annular space between the metal pipe and the communication bore to hold the top gravel in place.
7. The method for constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the top of the communication pipe has a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to a water inlet of one of the water pumps, and the second port is provided with the electric valve;
when water is dispatched from the aquifer to the waste dump reservoir, the water pump connected to the first port is turned on and the electrically operated valve in the second port is closed;
when the waste dump reservoir dispatches water to the aquifer, the water pump connected with the first port is closed, and the electric valve in the second port is opened.
8. The method of constructing a water storage system for an opencast coal mine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the refuse dump reservoirs are constructed in the refuse dump;
any two of the waste dump reservoirs are connected through an underground pipeline, and the electric valve is installed in the underground pipeline.
9. The method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the strippers falling from the reservoir are removed before the waterproofing layer is applied.
10. The method of constructing a water storage system for an open pit coal mine according to claim 1, wherein a filter cover is respectively covered on the top opening of the communication pipe and the pipe orifice of the water conduit.
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| CN114233383B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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