CN114231851B - Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114231851B CN114231851B CN202111576509.7A CN202111576509A CN114231851B CN 114231851 B CN114231851 B CN 114231851B CN 202111576509 A CN202111576509 A CN 202111576509A CN 114231851 B CN114231851 B CN 114231851B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- nano
- wear
- resistant steel
- room temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Abstract
The invention discloses nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant steel. The chemical components of the composition by mass percent are: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01-0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.04%, P less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. The wear-resistant steel is obtained through smelting in a medium frequency electric furnace, casting through deoxidization and rare earth modification processes and multi-pass precipitation strengthening heat treatment process. The nano carbide reinforced wear resistant steel contains a large amount of nano carbide hard phase in the structure. The wear-resistant steel also has good wear resistance under the working condition of complex stress impact wear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wear-resistant steel, in particular to nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The wear-resistant steel is widely applied to basic industries such as mines, metallurgy, building materials, cement, electric power and the like, and is a main material for wear-resistant components of grinding, crushing and other operation equipment. Manganese steel material is one of the most common wear-resistant steels used at present, and has excellent service effect under high impact stress due to strong work hardening capacity and toughness. However, the low initial hardness makes the wear-resistant effect of the manganese steel material under the action of low impact stress not ideal, so that the service requirement of the manganese steel material under the action of multi-scene complex stress impact wear cannot be met.
Patent CN 107675073 discloses a novel light high manganese steel wear-resistant material, which comprises the following chemical components: 0.90 to 1.30 percent of C,0.40 to 0.90 percent of Si,12 to 20 percent of Mn,1.0 to 5.0 percent of Al,1.0 to 2.5 percent of Cr,0.1 to 0.5 percent of La+Ce+Pr+Nd mixed rare earth, and P<0.04％，S<0.04%, the balance being Fe. The structure of the material is a single austenite structure, and the density is 7.10-7.65 g/cm 3 The wear resistance is improved by 30% compared with the traditional high manganese steel wear-resistant material, but the wear resistance is still to be improved under low impact stress wear because the Brinell hardness is preferably 200-300HB, namely the initial hardness is not high.
Patent CN 105154764 discloses a lightweight high manganese steel lining board for a crusher and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chemical components of the lining board contain 6% -8% of al, so that a certain amount of carbide is formed in the steel, however, the initial hardness of the carbide-containing high manganese steel is not remarkably improved, about 205-272HB, and the hardness is still required to be improved by adopting a subsequent shot blasting mode. This hardness-increasing manner increases the material processing costs on the one hand and the hardness-increasing effect is limited to the surface layer on the other hand.
Patent CN 108677090 discloses a novel wear-resistant light material and a method for simulating debris flow, which have better wear resistance and light weight, but the components of the material are added with alloy elements such as Mo, cr, ni and the like, so that the cost of the material is obviously increased, and the cost control in production is not facilitated.
Patent CN202110381119.8 discloses a nano reinforced hydrogen embrittlement resistant medium manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the main chemical components of the nano reinforced hydrogen embrittlement resistant medium manganese steel are as follows in percentage by mass: 0.1-0.3% of C,4-8% of Mn,0-3% of Al,0.05-0.15% of Nb,0.10-0.3% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The microstructure of the medium manganese steel is ultrafine multi-scale equiaxial and lath austenite and ferrite, and (Nb, mo) (C, N) nano precipitates are uniformly distributed on the austenite and the ferrite, so that the mechanical property and the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the medium manganese steel are improved through the formation of nano carbides of the Nb and the Mo.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention is realized in the following way:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01-0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.04%, P less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for preparing the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, which comprises the following steps: the raw materials are obtained through smelting, deoxidizing and rare earth modification process casting and multi-pass precipitation strengthening heat treatment.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel in the aspect of complex stress impact wear working conditions.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical components of the composition by mass percent are: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01 to 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein on the chemical composition, the source of carbide C element in the wear-resistant steel is ensured to be sufficient by adding enough C; the proper amount of Al is added, so that a large amount of nano carbide reinforcing phases are formed in the subsequent treatment, and the density of the wear-resistant steel is properly reduced, thereby playing a role in energy conservation and consumption reduction; meanwhile, V element and W element are added cooperatively, and the size and position of carbide in steel are adjusted. The tissue contains a large amount of nano carbide hard phase. The wear-resistant steel also has good wear resistance under the working condition of low-stress abrasive wear.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The invention aims to provide nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, and a preparation method and application thereof. In terms of chemical composition, the source of carbide C element in the wear-resistant steel is ensured to be sufficient by adding a sufficient amount of C; the proper amount of Al is added, so that a large amount of nano carbide reinforcing phases are formed in the subsequent treatment, and the density of the wear-resistant steel is properly reduced, thereby playing a role in energy conservation and consumption reduction; meanwhile, V element and W element are added cooperatively, so that the size of carbide in steel is adjusted, and the carbide can be uniformly dispersed in crystal without gathering in crystal boundary. In the preparation process, a low-cost medium-frequency smelting method is adopted to smelt the wear-resistant steel, and an improved aluminum source adding method ensures the Al yield and the cleanliness of the wear-resistant steel; and (3) carrying out a three-pass heat treatment method to promote the precipitation of nano carbide in the wear-resistant steel in a large quantity. Thereby producing a steel material that still has good wear resistance under low stress wear conditions.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01-0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.04%, P less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
Further, nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steels contain a large amount of iron-manganese-aluminum carbides, and small amounts of vanadium and tungsten carbides. The wear-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention has wear resistance mainly derived from a large amount of dispersed nanoscale hard carbide particles in a tissue, wherein the carbides are mainly iron-manganese-aluminum carbides, and a small amount of vanadium carbides and tungsten carbides are added. Since the grain size of the carbide was small, the exact content of the carbide in the tissue could not be confirmed by TEM observation, but it was confirmed from the TEM image that it contained a large amount of iron-manganese-aluminum carbide and a small amount of vanadium carbide and tungsten carbide.
Further, the structure of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is a single austenite structure, and the density is 7.0-7.35g/cm 3 The Vickers hardness is more than or equal to 300HV, and the room temperature impact absorption power is more than or equal to 60J.
The theoretical basis for determining the chemical components in the wear-resistant steel provided by the invention is as follows:
carbon: the element C is one of the most basic elements in steel, the content of the element C greatly influences the structure and mechanical properties of the steel, for nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, enough sources of the element C are required to be ensured to obtain more nano carbide particles in the steel, and the larger content of the element C can stabilize iron-aluminum-manganese carbide. Therefore, the addition amount of C in the present invention is controlled to be 1.35-2.05%.
Manganese: mn element is one of main elements for stabilizing and strengthening austenitic phase, is a main source element for work hardening of high-manganese wear-resistant steel, and is also one of main constituent elements of carbide strengthening phase in the wear-resistant steel, but the increase of Mn element content can promote the generation of beta-Mn brittle phase, and has great influence on toughness of the wear-resistant steel. Therefore, the addition amount of Mn in the present invention is controlled to 12.0-21.0%.
Aluminum: the Al element is taken as a light element, is the key of the design of the low-density wear-resistant steel, and can improve the stacking fault energy of austenite and promote the protective oxide layer Al 2 O 3 The formation of nano aluminum-containing carbide in high manganese steel is promoted, but ferrite is precipitated due to the excessively high content, so that the retention of mechanical properties is not facilitated. Considering the light weight effect, carbide precipitation, etc., the final control of the invention has an Al content ranging from 4.0 to 7.0%.
Silicon: the Si element is one of deoxidizing elements of the steel, and the proper addition of the Si element can enhance the strength of the steel while ensuring the toughness of the steel to be free from detail deterioration. The content of the invention is controlled to be 1.2-1.8%.
Vanadium: v has extremely strong affinity with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, and exists mainly in the form of carbide or nitride or oxide in steel, and a small amount of vanadium can refine grains and increase toughness, and the high vanadium content leads to the occurrence of aggregated carbide, so that the strength is reduced. The invention controls the content range to be 0.05-0.2% in consideration of comprehensive cost.
Tungsten: w is one of the strong carbide forming elements, which can increase the temper stability, red hardness and hot strength of the steel, as well as the wear resistance due to the specific carbide formed. Tungsten can prevent the growth of steel grains and refine the grains. The invention controls the content range to be 0.05-0.2% in consideration of comprehensive cost.
Nitrogen: n is one of solid solution elements of steel, enlarges austenite phase region, and can generate extremely stable nitride with chromium, aluminum and vanadium, especially zirconium element, thereby achieving hardening and strengthening effects. However, excessive nitrogen causes embrittlement of the steel. The content of the invention is controlled to be 0.003-0.01%.
Rare earth: the rare earth element can play a good role in desulfurizing and deoxidizing steel, purify the steel and change the morphology and distribution of inclusions in the steel. The content of the invention is controlled to be 0.01-0.03%.
P, S as impurity element seriously damages the toughness and plasticity of steel, and the content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.04%.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency smelting furnace at 1600-1650 ℃, treating by a deoxidizer, regulating the components in front of the furnace to obtain qualified molten steel, and regulating the temperature of the molten steel to 1460-1500 ℃;
(2) Pouring the molten steel obtained in the step (1) into a ladle preheated for more than 3 hours at a high temperature of more than 500 ℃, and fully standing;
(3) Pouring the molten steel obtained in the step (2) into a casting at 1380-1430 ℃, and performing heat treatment on the casting to obtain the wear-resistant steel.
Further, a mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder which are fully mixed should be added into a ladle before the step (2) is started, and the mixture should be further added in at least 3 times during the pouring of molten steel.
Further, the heat treatment in step (3) includes three-pass heat treatment: firstly, heating cast steel from room temperature to 500-700 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, then continuously heating to 1100-1150 ℃ at a speed of 80 ℃/h-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 300-500 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging from a furnace, and cooling to room temperature in an air way; thirdly, the cast steel is heated from room temperature to 500-650 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for more than 8 h.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel in complex stress impact wear conditions, in particular application of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel in complex multi-stress impact wear conditions of mineral crushing.
Compared with the prior art, the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention and the preparation method and application thereof have the following characteristics and advantages:
(1) According to the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention, on the chemical components, the sufficient C is added to ensure that the source of carbide C element in the wear-resistant steel is sufficient; the proper amount of Al is added, so that a large amount of nano carbide reinforcing phases are formed in the subsequent treatment, and the density of the wear-resistant steel is properly reduced, thereby playing a role in energy conservation and consumption reduction; meanwhile, V element and W element are added cooperatively, and the size and position of carbide in steel are adjusted.
(2) The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention has wear resistance mainly derived from a large amount of dispersed nano hard carbide particles in a tissue, wherein the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is mainly iron-manganese-aluminum carbide and is supplemented with a small amount of vanadium carbide and tungsten carbide.
(3) The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel provided by the embodiment of the invention contains a large amount of nano carbide hard phases in a tissue, the precipitation positions and sizes of nano iron-manganese-aluminum carbides are optimized through a special heat treatment process and modification of vanadium/tungsten carbides, and preparation is made for subsequent nano iron-manganese-aluminum carbide dispersion precipitation by precipitating finer dispersed vanadium carbides and tungsten carbides in the tissue in advance. Solves the problem that the iron-manganese-aluminum carbide is precipitated and grown along the grain boundary in a large amount and cannot well increase the wear resistance.
(4) The embodiment of the invention improves the adding mode of Al: the mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder is added into a ladle to be fully mixed, and the mixture is further added for at least 3 times in the molten steel pouring process, so that the Al yield and the molten steel cleanliness are ensured.
(5) The designed nano-scale carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel has the density of only 7.0-7.35g/cm 3 Compared with common wear-resistant steel, the Vickers hardness of the wear-resistant steel is more than or equal to 300HV, the room-temperature impact absorption power is more than or equal to 60J, and the wear resistance of the low-stress abrasive of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is improved by more than 80 percent compared with that of the common wear-resistant high-manganese steel.
(6) The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel obtained by the embodiment of the invention can exert good wear resistance under the working condition of low stress, does not depend on the work hardening effect of manganese steel under impact to obtain the wear resistance, and has wider application range and service scene.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Example 1
The wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.6%, mn:18.0%, al:7.0%, si:1.5%, V:0.10%, W:0.10%, N:0.006%, rare earth: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency smelting furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1620 ℃, qualified molten steel is obtained after deoxidizing agent treatment and furnace front component adjustment, and the temperature of the molten steel is adjusted to 1480 ℃; pouring the obtained molten steel into a ladle preheated at 500 ℃ for 3 hours, adding a mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder fully mixed into the ladle in advance, further adding the mixture for 3 times in the molten steel pouring process, and fully standing after pouring the molten steel; and pouring the molten steel into a casting after the molten steel is cooled to 1420 ℃.
The cast steel obtained is heat treated as follows: firstly, raising the temperature of cast steel from room temperature to 650 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, then continuing to raise the temperature to 1120 ℃ at a speed of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 400 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging from a furnace, and air cooling to room temperature; thirdly, the cast steel is heated from room temperature to 650 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for 8 hours.
The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel transmission electron microscope tissue photograph obtained by the method is shown in figure 1, and nano carbide is distributed in a steel matrix. The density of the wear-resistant steel is only 7.0g/cm 3 The Vickers hardness of the wear-resistant steel is 330HV, the room-temperature impact absorption power is 68J, and the wear resistance of the wear-resistant steel to low-stress abrasive is improved by more than 94% compared with the common wear-resistant high-manganese steel.
Example 2
The wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.35%, mn:13.0%, al:4.0%, si:1.2%, V:0.20%, W:0.05%, N:0.01%, rare earth: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency smelting furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1650 ℃, obtaining qualified molten steel after deoxidizing agent treatment and furnace front component adjustment, and adjusting the temperature of the molten steel to 1500 ℃; pouring the obtained molten steel into a ladle preheated at 500 ℃ for 3 hours, adding a mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder fully mixed into the ladle in advance, further adding the mixture for 3 times in the molten steel pouring process, and fully standing after pouring the molten steel; and pouring the molten steel into a casting after the molten steel is cooled to 1430 ℃.
The cast steel obtained is heat treated as follows: firstly, raising the temperature of cast steel from room temperature to 650 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, then continuing to raise the temperature to 1100 ℃ at a speed of 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 500 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging from a furnace, and air cooling to room temperature; thirdly, the cast steel is heated to 550 ℃ from room temperature in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for 10 h.
The density of the obtained nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is 7.35g/cm 3 The Vickers hardness of the wear-resistant steel is 308HV, the room-temperature impact absorption power is 86J, and the wear resistance of the low-stress abrasive of the wear-resistant steel is improved by more than 82% compared with that of the common wear-resistant high-manganese steel.
Example 3
The wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:2.05%, mn:21.0%, al:6.0%, si:1.8, V:0.05%, W:0.2%, N:0.003%, rare earth: 0.01 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the balance is iron and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency smelting furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1600 ℃, obtaining qualified molten steel after deoxidizing agent treatment and furnace front component adjustment, and adjusting the temperature of the molten steel to 1460 ℃; pouring the obtained molten steel into a ladle preheated at 500 ℃ for 3 hours, adding a mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder fully mixed into the ladle in advance, further adding the mixture for 3 times in the molten steel pouring process, and fully standing after pouring the molten steel; and pouring the molten steel into a casting after the molten steel is cooled to 1380 ℃.
The cast steel obtained is heat treated as follows: firstly, heating cast steel from room temperature to 650 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, then continuously heating to 1150 ℃ at a speed of 80 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 300 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5 hours, discharging from a furnace, and air cooling to room temperature; thirdly, the cast steel is heated to 500 ℃ from room temperature in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for 12 h.
The density of the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel obtained by the method is 7.25g/cm 3 The Vickers hardness of the wear-resistant steel is 366HV, the room-temperature impact absorption power is 60J, and the wear resistance of the low-stress abrasive of the wear-resistant steel is improved by more than 100 percent compared with that of the common wear-resistant high-manganese steel.
Comparative example 1
The comparative steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.6%, mn:18.0%, al:7.0%, si:1.5%, N:0.006%, rare earth: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. That is, in this component, the V and W elements were not added as in example 1. The preparation of this comparative example is exactly the same as in example 1.
The comparative steel thus obtained did not form dispersed nano-carbides. Most carbides are biased to grain boundaries and grow up, the comparative steel has a room-temperature impact absorption power of only 15J, the brittleness is strong and the cracking is easy, and the abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant steel with low stress abrasive is not obviously improved compared with that of the abrasion-resistant high manganese steel with common use.
Comparative example 2
The comparative steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.6%, mn:18.0%, al:3.0%, si:1.5%, V:0.10%, W:0.10%, N:0.006%, rare earth: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. That is, the content of the Al element is smaller than that of example 1. The preparation of this comparative example is exactly the same as in example 1.
Only a small amount of nano vanadium/tungsten carbide was formed in the comparative steel thus obtained, and iron-manganese-aluminum carbide was not formed. The comparative example steel has a room temperature impact absorption function of 120J, but has a Vickers hardness of only 225HV, and the abrasion resistance of the low-stress abrasive is not obviously improved compared with that of the common abrasion-resistant high-manganese steel.
Comparative example 3
The comparative steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.6%, mn:18.0%, al:8.0%, si:1.5%, V:0.10%, W:0.10%, N:0.006%, rare earth: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. That is, the content of the Al element was increased as compared with example 1. The preparation of this comparative example is exactly the same as in example 1.
The comparative steel structure obtained by the method is an austenite-ferrite dual-phase structure, carbide is easy to gather at a dual-phase interface, so that the impact absorption function of the comparative steel at room temperature is only 12J, the comparative steel is easy to crack, and the application requirement is difficult to meet.
Comparative example 4
The abrasion-resistant steel in the comparative example comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.6%, mn:18.0%, al:7.0%, si:1.5%, V:0.10%, W:0.10%, N:0.006%, rare earth: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. I.e. the comparative example steel composition is exactly the same as in example 1.
The smelting and casting preparation process of the comparative example steel is consistent with that of example 1, but the following heat treatment is adopted for the subsequent cast steel: and (3) heating the cast steel from room temperature to 650 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, then continuously heating to 1100 ℃ at a speed of 100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3h, and then cooling to room temperature. Namely, the heat treatment process is the conventional water toughening treatment of the high-manganese wear-resistant steel.
The comparative steel thus obtained had a single austenitic structure and failed to form iron-manganese-aluminum carbides. The comparative example steel has room temperature impact absorption power of only 8J, is easy to crack and is difficult to meet application requirements.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel, and a preparation method and application thereof. The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01-0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.04%, P less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. The wear-resistant steel is smelted by a medium frequency electric furnace, cast by deoxidizing and rare earth modification process and obtained by multi-pass precipitation strengthening heat treatment process. The tissue contains a large amount of nano carbide hard phase. The wear-resistant steel also has good wear resistance under the working condition of complex stress impact wear.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:1.35-2.05%, mn:12.0-21.0%, al:4.0-7.0%, si:1.2-1.8%, V:0.05-0.2%, W:0.05-0.2%, N:0.003-0.01%, rare earth: 0.01-0.03%, S less than or equal to 0.04%, P less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities;
the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel is prepared by the following method: the raw materials are obtained by smelting, deoxidizing and rare earth modification process casting and multipass precipitation strengthening heat treatment process, wherein: the heat treatment comprises three passes: firstly, heating cast steel from room temperature to 500-700 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, then continuously heating to 1100-1150 ℃ at a speed of 80 ℃/h-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 300-500 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging from a furnace, and cooling to room temperature in an air way; thirdly, the cast steel is heated from room temperature to 500-650 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for more than 8 h.
2. The nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel contains a large amount of iron-manganese-aluminum carbides, and a small amount of vanadium carbides and tungsten carbides.
3. The nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel has a single austenitic structure with a density of 7.0-7.35g/cm 3 Between them.
4. A nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel has a vickers hardness of 300-HV and a room temperature impact absorption of 60-J.
5. A method of producing a nano-carbide reinforced wear resistant steel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises: the raw materials are obtained by smelting, deoxidizing and rare earth modification process casting and multipass precipitation strengthening heat treatment process.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency electric furnace, treating the molten steel by a deoxidizer, adjusting the components in front of the furnace to obtain qualified molten steel, and adjusting the temperature;
pouring the smelted molten steel into a ladle, and fully standing;
pouring out the molten steel in the casting ladle to form a casting, and performing heat treatment on the casting to obtain the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
smelting a steel source, a manganese source, a silicon source, a nitrogen source, a tungsten source and a vanadium source in an intermediate frequency electric furnace at 1600-1650 ℃, treating by a deoxidizer, adjusting the components in front of the furnace to obtain qualified molten steel, and adjusting the temperature of the molten steel to 1460-1500 ℃;
pouring the molten steel after smelting into a ladle after preheating at a high temperature of more than 500 ℃ for more than 3 hours, and fully standing;
and pouring molten steel in the ladle into a casting at 1380-1430 ℃, and performing heat treatment on the casting to obtain the nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, further comprising: before pouring molten steel into a ladle, adding a mixture of rare earth particles and aluminum powder fully mixed into the ladle in advance, and further adding the mixture at least 3 times in the process of pouring molten steel into the ladle.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the heat treatment comprises a three pass heat treatment: firstly, heating cast steel from room temperature to 500-700 ℃ at a speed of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, then continuously heating to 1100-1150 ℃ at a speed of 80 ℃/h-100 ℃/h, preserving heat for 3-5h, and then cooling to room temperature; secondly, heating the cast steel from room temperature to 300-500 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 4 hours, discharging from a furnace, and cooling to room temperature in an air way; thirdly, the cast steel is heated from room temperature to 500-650 ℃ in a mode of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h, and is discharged from a furnace for air cooling to room temperature after heat preservation for more than 8 h.
10. Use of the nano-carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel according to any one of claims 1-4 or prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5-9 in complex stress impact wear conditions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111576509.7A CN114231851B (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111576509.7A CN114231851B (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114231851A CN114231851A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114231851B true CN114231851B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
Family
ID=80760837
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111576509.7A Active CN114231851B (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114231851B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115354232B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-08-11 | 广西科技大学 | Double-phase wear-resistant steel and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105838995A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-10 | 上海大学 | Low-density, high-strength and high-specific-modulus steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109154049A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2019-01-04 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | The purposes of steel plate, its manufacturing method and such steel to manufacture vehicle part through cold rolling and annealing |
| CN113088826A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-09 | 钢铁研究总院 | Microalloyed high-strength high-toughness low-density steel and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-22 CN CN202111576509.7A patent/CN114231851B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105838995A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-10 | 上海大学 | Low-density, high-strength and high-specific-modulus steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109154049A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2019-01-04 | 安赛乐米塔尔公司 | The purposes of steel plate, its manufacturing method and such steel to manufacture vehicle part through cold rolling and annealing |
| CN113088826A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-09 | 钢铁研究总院 | Microalloyed high-strength high-toughness low-density steel and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱志强等.钢分析化学与物理检测.冶金工业出版社,2013,16. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114231851A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2962472C (en) | High-toughness hot-rolled high-strength steel with yield strength of grade 800 mpa and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2014154106A1 (en) | Low-alloy high-hardness wear-resistant steel plate and manufacturing method therefor | |
| AU2013222054B2 (en) | Abrasion resistant steel plate with high strength and high toughness, and processing for preparing the same | |
| WO2014154140A1 (en) | Low-alloy high-performance wear-resistant steel plate and manufacturing method therefor | |
| WO2021036271A1 (en) | High-temperature-resistant 400hb wear-resistant steel plate and method for production thereof | |
| WO2014154104A1 (en) | Low alloy high toughness wear-resistant steel plate and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105483539B (en) | A kind of enhanced austenite abrasion-proof steel plate of ultra-hard particles and its manufacture method | |
| CN108118257A (en) | TiC particle strengthenings ferrite/bainite base wear-resisting steel plate and manufacturing method | |
| CN111748728B (en) | Easily-welded high-strength high-toughness wear-resistant steel plate and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN109778068B (en) | Niobium-vanadium composite reinforced wear-resistant cast steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113249645B (en) | High-ductility and ultrahigh-strength ductile steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109763066B (en) | Heat-resistant steel for key hot end component of ultrahigh parameter steam turbine | |
| CN112575261B (en) | Composite modified martensitic alloy cast steel | |
| CN113430458B (en) | Ultrahigh-strength steel plate with yield strength of more than 1040MPa and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN109338214B (en) | High-strength high-toughness steel for rock drilling tool and production method thereof | |
| CN114231851B (en) | Nano carbide reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method and application thereof | |
| JP3545963B2 (en) | High toughness super wear resistant cast steel and method for producing the same | |
| KR101723174B1 (en) | High chromium white cast-iron alloy with excellent abrasion resistance, oxidation resistance and strength and method for preparing the same | |
| CN108467990A (en) | Adapt to the wear-resisting high performance alloys structural steel of middle carbon and low-alloy and its manufacture, heat treatment method of hard environment | |
| CN108715976B (en) | Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112680661B (en) | Alloy steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111041165B (en) | Medium manganese oil well pipe steel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107779786A (en) | A kind of wear-resistant ball and its preparation technology | |
| CN113774275A (en) | Easily-formed high-wear-resistance steel plate for silt conveying pipeline and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114196892A (en) | Nb-V alloyed high manganese steel and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20230713 Address after: No. 363, Changxing Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Institute of new materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences Applicant after: TAISHAN GUOFENG WEAR RESISTANT METAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 363, Changxing Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: Institute of new materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |