CN114230413A - Production and application method of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits - Google Patents

Production and application method of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits Download PDF

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CN114230413A
CN114230413A CN202111607543.6A CN202111607543A CN114230413A CN 114230413 A CN114230413 A CN 114230413A CN 202111607543 A CN202111607543 A CN 202111607543A CN 114230413 A CN114230413 A CN 114230413A
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rabbit
inorganic compound
compound base
base fertilizer
rabbit manure
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文斌
傅祥超
郭小林
刘宁
徐昌文
张凯
王丽焕
刘汉中
余志菊
杜胜
简文素
汪平
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Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree fertilizers, in particular to a method for producing and applying a rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits, which comprises the following steps: A. mixing rabbit manure and crop byproducts, composting and fermenting: forming a rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing humus; the method comprises the following steps: B. mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate with an inorganic fertilizer: and C, mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing the humus prepared in the step A with an inorganic fertilizer to form the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer at least containing nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements and humus. By adopting the production and application method of the rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits, single kiwi fruits are larger, the shapes of the kiwi fruits are better, the color and luster are darker, the taste is better, the yield is improved, and the fruit quality is also enhanced.

Description

Production and application method of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree fertilizers, in particular to a production and application method of a rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits.
Background
The kiwi fruit is a fruit with rich nutrition value and high economic value, is known as 'green gold mine', 'fruit king' and the like, has good eating, medical treatment, beauty and health care functions, and has great development potential in domestic and international fruit consumption markets.
The Chinese gooseberry is a new fruit tree because the Chinese gooseberry is native and popular in all countries because of the particularly rich vitamin C content in the fresh fruit. The fruit contains vitamin P (rutin) and protease in addition to vitamin C several times to more than ten times higher than that of fructus Mali Pumilae and fructus Citri sinensis, and has effects of lowering blood pressure and promoting digestion, and is a health food. In the aspect of medicinal value, according to the clinical test of modern medicine, the fresh fruits and the fruit juice have certain prevention effect and auxiliary curative effect on diseases such as leprosy, digestive tract cancer, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and the like.
The organic matter content of the rabbit manure is higher, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the rabbit manure are higher than those of other livestock manure, and the fermented rabbit manure is a high-efficiency high-quality organic fertilizer. In addition, if a large amount of crop straws generated in agricultural production are directly returned to the field, various plant diseases and insect pests are bred, the nutrition is not easy to absorb, and the crop straws are fermented in the field. On the other hand, the soil is seriously reduced in organic matters due to long-term application of the fertilizer, and the soil is hardened and even prone to petrochemicals. The fruit planting has higher requirement on the organic matter content of soil, and the quality of the fruits is reduced due to the lack of the organic matter in the soil. The kiwi fruit has higher requirement on soil, is most afraid of sticky weight and is not barren-resistant, the method for improving the soil by using the rabbit manure organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer is an effective means, and the rabbit manure has more balanced contents of various trace elements and lower content of heavy metal, thereby having obvious improvement effect on producing high-quality kiwi fruit products.
In the above, a lot of beneficial effects brought by the adoption of the rabbit manure organic fertilizer for planting kiwi fruits are described, but the defects still exist, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: 70% of nutrients required by the growth and yield of the kiwi fruits come from nutrient storage in the last year, so that the nutrient supply for plant growth is greatly related to fertilization in the last year, particularly fertilization in autumn and winter. In the prior art, the special rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer meeting the requirement of the kiwi fruits is designed by combining the utilization of byproducts in the planting and breeding process aiming at the nutritional requirement and the fertilizing characteristic of the kiwi fruits in autumn and winter, so that the rabbit dung organic fertilizer in the prior art has poor fertilizer efficiency in autumn and winter, and the output and the quality of the kiwi fruits are influenced.
Therefore, the special rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer meeting the requirements of the kiwi fruits is designed by combining resource utilization of byproducts in the planting and breeding process according to the nutritional requirements and fertilization characteristics of the kiwi fruits in autumn and winter, and a production and application method of the special base fertilizer is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the nutritional requirements and the fertilizing characteristics of kiwi fruits in autumn and winter are not met, the organic and inorganic compound base fertilizer special for rabbit manure is designed by combining the resource utilization of byproducts in the planting and breeding process, the fertilizer efficiency of the rabbit manure organic fertilizer in autumn and winter in the prior art is poor, and the output and the quality of kiwi fruits are affected, the production and application method of the organic and inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a production method of a rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
A. mixing rabbit manure and crop byproducts, composting and fermenting: forming a rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing humus;
B. mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate with an inorganic fertilizer: and C, mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing the humus prepared in the step A with an inorganic fertilizer to form the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer at least containing nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements and humus.
Preferably, the ratio of the rabbit dung to the crop byproducts in the step A is as follows: 70-90% of rabbit manure and 10-30% of crop by-products.
Preferably, the rabbit manure should be subjected to a dry-wet separation process.
Preferably, after the rabbit manure and the crop byproducts are mixed in the step A, the moisture is kept between 50% and 60%, and the C/N is kept between 25 and 35.
Preferably, the ratio of the rabbit manure fermentation substrate to the inorganic fertilizer in the step B is as follows: 75-95% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 5-25% of inorganic fertilizer.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer consists of 15-25% of urea (with the N content of 46%), 40-60% of calcium superphosphate (with the P2O5 content of 12%), 15-25% of potassium sulfate (with the K2O content of 52%) or 30-50% of ammonium bicarbonate (with the N content being more than or equal to 16%), 40-50% of calcium superphosphate (with the P2O5 content of 12%) and 10-20% of potassium sulfate (with the K2O content of 52%).
Preferably, the composting fermentation in the step A comprises a first composting fermentation and a second composting fermentation.
Preferably, the temperature inside the compost should be reduced to normal temperature before the second compost fermentation is carried out.
Preferably, the time for the first composting fermentation is more than or equal to 15 days.
Preferably, during the first compost fermentation, the operation of turning the compost is carried out to avoid the temperature in the compost being more than 70 ℃.
Preferably, 5-8 times of turning are carried out in the first compost fermentation process, and the turning is carried out once in 1-3 days on average.
Preferably, the time for the second composting fermentation should be greater than 30 days.
Preferably, the second composting fermentation should be performed by standing.
The application also discloses an application method of the special rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits, which comprises the following steps:
a. calculating the estimated yield value of the kiwi fruit tree: counting the yield of the kiwi fruit tree in the last year, and calculating the estimated yield value of the kiwi fruit tree on the basis;
b. calculating the use amount of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer: on the basis of the data obtained in the step a, determining the total amount of nutrient components taken away by the tree body according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree, and calculating the using amount of the organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer applied with rabbit dung;
c. applying rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer: and (c) fertilizing the kiwi fruit trees according to the fertilizer consumption obtained in the step (b).
Preferably, the estimated yield value of the monkey peach tree in the step a is calculated according to the yield of the last year x 110%.
Preferably, the dosage of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer in the step b is as follows: 1 kg of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is applied to the yield of 1-3 kg of kiwi fruits.
Preferably, when the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is applied in the step c, an annular groove is formed at a position 1.2-1.5 meters away from the tree root by taking the tree root as a central point, and the mixed rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered with soil.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the production method of the special rabbit dung-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits, rabbit dung and crop byproducts are matched for use, so that the problem of waste treatment in a planting and breeding process is effectively solved;
2. according to the production method of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits, rabbit manure and crop byproducts are mixed for high-temperature composting fermentation, pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds in raw materials are killed, organic matters are converted from an unstable state into stable humus, and soil can be effectively improved;
3. according to the production method of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits, the rabbit manure fermentation substrate and the inorganic fertilizer are matched, the advantages of the rabbit manure fermentation substrate and the inorganic fertilizer are combined, the defects of the rabbit manure fermentation substrate and the inorganic fertilizer are avoided, high-quality organic matters can be provided for soil, the soil is effectively improved, and the defect that three elements of plant nutrients in the organic fertilizer are insufficient is overcome;
4. according to the application method of the rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits, provided by the invention, the nutrient supply is determined according to the fruit yield, and the waste caused by blind nutrient supply can be avoided;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Experimental example 1
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 85% of rabbit manure and 15% of crop by-products, mixing, keeping the water content of the materials at 55% and the C/N at 26.5, then fermenting through high-temperature composting for 19 days, turning the compost for 7 times midway, cooling to the normal temperature, and standing for 40 days; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 75% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 25% of inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a stirrer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; according to the yield estimation value of the kiwi fruit tree in the last year, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of 3: 1, before the fertilizer is applied, an annular groove is formed in the position which is about 1.5 meters away from the tree root and takes the tree root as the central point, and the mixed rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered by soil.
The crop byproduct is straw.
The inorganic fertilizer consists of urea (N content 46%) 20%, calcium superphosphate (P)2O512%) 60%, potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 20%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000051
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Treatment of Weight of single fruit Longitudinal diameter Transverse diameter Fruit shape index
Experimental example 1 72.67 55.23 47.28 1.17
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Experimental example 1 12.15 73.22 0.78 11.29 15.58 14.47
Experimental example 2
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 71% of rabbit manure and 29% of crop by-products, mixing, keeping the water content of the materials at 58% and the C/N at 25.5, then fermenting through high-temperature composting for 19 days, turning the compost for 6 times midway, cooling to normal temperature, and standing for 32 days to serve as a substrate for later use; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 78% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 22% of inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a stirrer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; according to the yield estimation value of the kiwi fruit tree in one year, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of 2: 1, an annular groove is formed at the position 1.4 meters away from the tree root by taking the tree root as the central point before the fertilizer is applied, and the mixed rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered by soil.
The crop byproduct is mushroom dregs.
The inorganic fertilizer consists of 18% of urea (N content 46%) and calcium superphosphate (P)2O512%) 57% potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 25%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000061
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Treatment of Weight of single fruit Longitudinal diameter Transverse diameter Fruit shape index
Experimental example 2 65.73 52.91 45.19 1.17
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Experimental example 2 12.86 69.29 0.81 10.89 15.89 13.44
Experimental example 3
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 85% of rabbit manure and 15% of crop by-products, keeping the water content of the materials at 59% and the C/N at 27 after mixing, performing high-temperature composting fermentation for 22 days, turning over the piles for 7 times in the middle, cooling to the normal temperature, and standing for 28 days; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 85% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 15% of inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a stirrer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; thirdly, according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree in the last year, the kiwi fruit tree is applied according to the ratio of fruit to fertilizer of 2.5: 1, before the kiwi fruit tree is applied, an annular groove is formed in the position which is 1.3 meters away from the tree root and takes the tree root as the central point, and the mixed rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered with soil.
The crop byproduct is prepared by mixing rice straw and corn stalk, wherein the rice straw is 65% and the corn stalk is 35%.
The inorganic fertilizer consists of urea (N content 46%) 24%, calcium superphosphate (P)2O512%) 52%, potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 24%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000071
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Figure BDA0003432501470000072
Figure BDA0003432501470000081
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Experimental example 3 13.28 72.97 0.85 11.75 15.62 13.82
Experimental example 4
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 82% of rabbit manure and 18% of crop by-products, keeping the water content of the materials at 54% and the C/N at 25.5 after mixing, performing high-temperature composting fermentation for 17 days, turning the piles for 5 times midway, cooling to normal temperature, and standing for 35 days; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 76% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 24% of inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a mixer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; thirdly, according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree in one year, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of 3: 1, before the fertilizer is applied, an annular groove is formed in the position which is 1.3 meters away from the tree root and takes the tree root as the central point, and the mixed rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered by soil.
The crop by-product is prepared by mixing corn stalks and soybean stalks, wherein the corn stalks comprise 55 percent of the corn stalks and 45 percent of the soybean stalks.
The inorganic fertilizer is prepared from ammonium bicarbonate (N content is more than or equal to 16%) 45% of superphosphate (P)2O512%) 40%, potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 15%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000082
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Figure BDA0003432501470000083
Figure BDA0003432501470000091
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Experimental example 4 12.52 75.43 0.82 12.19 15.27 14.87
Experimental example 5
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 78% of rabbit manure and 22% of crop by-products, keeping the water content of the materials at 55% and the C/N at 25.5 after mixing, performing high-temperature composting fermentation for 18 days, turning the piles for 6 times midway, cooling to normal temperature, and standing for 35 days; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 93% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 7% of inorganic fertilizer; uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a stirrer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; thirdly, according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree in one year, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of 1.5: 1, before the fertilizer is applied, an annular groove is formed in the position which is 1.3 meters away from the tree root and takes the tree root as the central point, and the mixed rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered with soil.
The by-product rice hull of the crops.
The inorganic fertilizer consists of urea (N content 46%) 25%, calcium superphosphate (P)2O512%) 45%, potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 30%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000092
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Treatment of Weight of single fruit Longitudinal diameter Transverse diameter Fruit shape index
Experimental example 5 79.87 57.87 48.43 1.19
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Experimental example 5 12.27 75.72 1.09 11.94 11.21 10.90
Experimental example 6
Uniformly mixing rabbit dung and crop byproducts in the following proportion: 78% of rabbit manure and 22% of crop by-products, keeping the water content of the materials at 55% and the C/N at 25.5 after mixing, performing high-temperature composting fermentation for 18 days, turning the piles for 6 times midway, cooling to normal temperature, and standing for 35 days; preparing the fermented substrate according to the following proportion: 96% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 4% of inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly mixing the raw materials prepared according to the proportion by using a stirrer to prepare the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits; thirdly, according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree in one year, the fertilizer is applied according to the ratio of 1.5: 1, before the fertilizer is applied, an annular groove is formed in the position which is 1.3 meters away from the tree root and takes the tree root as the central point, and the mixed rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered with soil.
The by-product rice hull of the crops.
The inorganic fertilizer consists of urea (N content 46%) 25%, calcium superphosphate (P)2O512%) 40%, potassium sulfate (K)2O content 52%) 35%.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000101
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Treatment of Weight of single fruit Longitudinal diameter Transverse diameter Fruit shape index
Experimental example 6 82.04 61.34 48.68 1.26
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Sugar acidsRatio of
Experimental example 6 12.90 78.34 0.75 12.41 17.29 16.63
Comparative example
And (3) applying a conventional compound fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer in a proportion of 50 kg/bag, wherein the NPK15-15-15 is uniformly scattered around the kiwi fruit trees according to 3 kg/plant.
Soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000111
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Treatment of Weight of single fruit Longitudinal diameter Transverse diameter Fruit shape index
Comparative example 59.50 50.52 44.23 1.14
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Comparative example 13.33 62.24 0.71 10.57 18.69 14.81
The experimental data of the experimental examples 1-6 were compared with the experimental data of the comparative examples, and the test results were recorded in the following table:
soil nutrient determination results
Figure BDA0003432501470000112
Kiwi fruit appearance index measurement statistical result
Figure BDA0003432501470000113
Figure BDA0003432501470000121
Internal quality determination statistical result of kiwi fruit
Treatment of Soluble solid Vitamin C Acid(s) Candy Acid fixation ratio Ratio of sugar to acid
Comparative example 13.33 62.24 0.71 10.57 18.69 14.81
Experimental example 1 12.15 73.22 0.78 11.29 15.58 14.47
Experimental example 2 12.86 69.29 0.81 10.89 15.89 13.44
Experimental example 3 13.28 72.97 0.85 11.75 15.62 13.82
Experimental example 4 12.52 75.43 0.82 12.19 15.27 14.87
Experimental example 5 12.27 75.72 1.09 11.94 11.21 10.90
Experimental example 6 12.90 78.34 0.75 12.41 17.29 16.63
From the statistical results of kiwi appearance index determination, the use of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has a remarkable promotion effect on the appearance quality of kiwi fruits, the single fruit weight, the longitudinal diameter, the transverse diameter and the fruit shape index of the examples 1-6 are all higher than those of the examples, the maximum single fruit weight is that of the example 6, and the second single fruit weight is that of the example 5, which is respectively increased by 37.88% and 34.24% compared with the comparative examples; the maximum longitudinal diameter is example 6, and then example 5, which is respectively improved by 21.42 percent and 14.55 percent compared with the comparative example; the maximum transverse diameter is example 6, and then example 4, which is respectively improved by 10.06 percent and 9.52 percent compared with the comparative example; the fruit shape index is improved by 10.53 percent and 6.14 percent respectively compared with the comparative example at most in example 6 and then in example 3. The application of the organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer of the rabbit manure can increase the single fruit weight, the transverse diameter, the longitudinal diameter and the fruit shape index of the fruits, but the increase range is different.
From the statistics of the internal quality measurements of the kiwi fruits, the soluble solids of the comparative example are the highest, followed by example 6 and example 2; the content of vitamin C is highest in example 6, and is respectively 25.87 percent and 21.66 percent higher in example 5 than that of the comparative example; the acid content of the comparative example is lowest, followed by example 6 and example 1; sugar content example 6 was highest, example 4 was second, 17.41% higher and 15.33% higher than the comparative example, respectively; the solid acid ratio of the ratio is highest, followed by example 6 and example 2; the sugar acid is highest compared to example 6, followed by example 4. Overall, the control had the highest soluble solids and the lowest acid content, indicating that the maturity of the control was relatively high. However, the soluble solids are the sum of all compounds dissolved in water as measured by refractometer, so it is not necessarily the better the quality is the higher the soluble solids are, because the sugar content of the control is the lowest. Although the soluble solids of the group of the reverse examples are slightly lower than the comparative examples, the sugar content and the vitamin C content are higher than those of the control, the solid-acid ratio is represented by the conditions of the comparative example > example 6 > example 2 > example 3 > example 1 > example 4 > example 5, the sugar-acid ratio is represented by the conditions of the example 6 > example 4 > comparative example 1 > example 3 > example 2 > example 5, so that the control is only high in the soluble solids and high in maturity, and the quality is not the best. Examples 1-6 although the sugar content was higher than the comparative examples, the partial acid content was also high, which may be a result of insufficient maturity and incomplete deacidification. Overall, example 6 has the best quality, moderate maturity, highest sugar and vitamin C content, and lower acid content; in other embodiments, the fruit ripening is slightly delayed due to the use of the organic fertilizer, the best quality can be achieved only by finishing the fruit deacidification, and the fruit ripening time can be adjusted by the use of the organic fertilizer in a follow-up deep research manner from another point of view so as to achieve the aim of off-peak marketing.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A production method of a rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. mixing rabbit manure and crop byproducts, composting and fermenting: forming a rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing humus;
B. mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate with an inorganic fertilizer: and C, mixing the rabbit manure fermentation substrate containing the humus prepared in the step A with an inorganic fertilizer to form the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer at least containing nitrogen elements, phosphorus elements, potassium elements and humus.
2. The production method of the special rabbit dung-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the rabbit dung mixed with the crop byproducts in the step A is as follows: 70-90% of rabbit manure and 10-30% of crop by-products.
3. The production method of the special rabbit dung-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rabbit dung is subjected to dry-wet separation treatment.
4. The production method of the special rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits according to claim 2, wherein after the rabbit manure and crop byproducts are mixed in the step A, the moisture content is kept between 50% and 60%, and the C/N is kept between 25% and 35.
5. The production method of the special rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer for kiwi fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the rabbit manure fermentation substrate and the inorganic fertilizer are mixed in a ratio of: 75-95% of rabbit manure fermentation substrate and 5-25% of inorganic fertilizer.
6. The production method of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises 15% -25% of urea (N content 46%), 40% -60% of calcium superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%), 15% -25% of potassium sulfate (K2O content 52%) or 30% -50% of ammonium bicarbonate (N content is more than or equal to 16%), 40% -50% of calcium superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%) and 10% -20% of potassium sulfate (K2O content 52%).
7. An application method of a rabbit dung organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. calculating the estimated yield value of the kiwi fruit tree: counting the yield of the kiwi fruit tree in the last year, and calculating the estimated yield value of the kiwi fruit tree on the basis;
b. calculating the dosage of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer produced by the production method of any one of claims 1-6: on the basis of the data obtained in the step a, determining the total amount of nutrient components taken away by the tree body according to the estimated yield of the kiwi fruit tree, and calculating the using amount of the organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer applied with rabbit dung;
c. applying the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer produced by the production method of any one of claims 1-6: and (c) fertilizing the kiwi fruit trees according to the fertilizer consumption obtained in the step (b).
8. The application method of the rabbit dung-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits according to claim 7, wherein the estimated yield value of kiwi fruit tree in step a is calculated according to previous annual yield x 110%.
9. The application method of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits according to claim 7, wherein the dosage of the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer in the step b is as follows: 1 kg of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is applied to the yield of 1-3 kg of kiwi fruits.
10. The method for applying the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwifruits as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step c, when the rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is applied, an annular groove is formed at a position 1.2-1.5 meters away from a tree root by taking the tree root as a central point, and the mixed rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer is uniformly scattered in the annular groove and covered with soil.
CN202111607543.6A 2021-12-24 2021-12-24 Production and application method of rabbit manure organic-inorganic compound base fertilizer special for kiwi fruits Pending CN114230413A (en)

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