CN114226781A - Five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine - Google Patents

Five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114226781A
CN114226781A CN202111613863.2A CN202111613863A CN114226781A CN 114226781 A CN114226781 A CN 114226781A CN 202111613863 A CN202111613863 A CN 202111613863A CN 114226781 A CN114226781 A CN 114226781A
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China
Prior art keywords
axis
motor
working
drilling machine
swing head
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Granted
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CN202111613863.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114226781B (en
Inventor
孙庆海
韩纪光
韩纪强
牛作文
郭书超
董淑龙
刘恩喜
赵延良
胡东阳
张文雨
刘营平
罗永生
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Jinan Zhangli Machinery Co ltd
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Jinan Zhangli Machinery Co ltd
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Publication of CN114226781A publication Critical patent/CN114226781A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B39/00—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines
    • B23B39/006—Portal drilling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B39/00—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines
    • B23B39/14—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines with special provision to enable the machine or the drilling or boring head to be moved into any desired position, e.g. with respect to immovable work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
    • B23B47/26—Liftable or lowerable drill heads or headstocks; Balancing arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/017—Arrangements of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/28—Electric drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

A five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine comprises a workbench, a base, an X-axis saddle, an upright post, a beam, a Y-axis saddle, a Z-axis ram, a double-arm direct-drive swing head and a drill bit, wherein a workpiece to be machined is placed on the workbench, the double-arm direct-drive swing head is connected with the drill bit and comprises a clamping part and a working swing head, the Z-axis ram is rotatably connected with the double-arm direct-drive swing head, and the working swing head is rotatably connected with the clamping part.

Description

Five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling machines, in particular to a five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of numerical control machining in China, the traditional radial drill of drilling equipment gradually does not meet the market requirements, the traditional radial drill is gradually replaced by the emerging three-axis numerical control drilling machine, the machining of the existing three-axis numerical control drilling machine generally refers to three axes with linear motion in different directions, generally an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the existing three-axis numerical control drilling machine is only suitable for machining disc parts, and for parts needing to machine holes on multiple surfaces, the existing numerical control drilling machine cannot machine the parts, so the development of a five-axis machining center is promoted, the existing five-axis machining center can realize the drilling machining on different angles by rotating a workpiece in the machining of parts with small volume, but the overlarge workpiece is inconvenient to rotate, so that normal holes on different inclined surfaces on a large workpiece to be machined cannot continuously drill holes, the invention aims to realize the drilling processing of workpieces on different inclined planes or different surfaces without rotating the workpieces to be processed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine, which is provided with a working swing head capable of adjusting the angle and a double-arm direct-drive swing head capable of rotating, can complete the machining of normal holes on different inclined planes without rotating a workpiece to be machined, saves the machining time, does not need to repeatedly adjust the workpiece to be machined, clamps the workpiece for one time, and does not need to repeatedly disassemble the workpiece.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine comprises a workbench, a base, an X-axis saddle, upright posts, a beam, a Y-axis saddle, a Z-axis ram, two-arm direct-drive swinging heads and a drill bit, wherein a workpiece to be machined is placed on the workbench, two sides of the workbench are respectively provided with a base, the upper part of the base is connected with the X-axis saddle through an X-axis moving unit, the X-axis saddle can move back and forth on the base, the upper part of the X-axis saddle is connected with the upright posts, the upper parts of the two upright posts are connected with the beam, the beam is connected with the Y-axis saddle through a Y-axis moving unit, the Y-axis saddle can move left and right on the beam, the side surface of the Y-axis saddle is connected with the Z-axis saddle through a Z-axis moving unit, the Z-axis saddle can move up and down along the Y-axis saddle, the Z-axis saddle is connected with the two-arm swinging heads, the double-arm direct-drive swinging head is connected with a drill bit and comprises a clamping part and a working swinging head.
The clamping part includes connecting axle and Y type chuck, the connecting axle upper end with the Z axle ram rotates to be connected, the connecting axle lower extreme rotates and is connected with Y type chuck, Y type chuck opening is down, the fixed first motor that is equipped with in the connecting axle, first motor output with Y type chuck is connected, first motor can drive Y type chuck rotates, Y type chuck lower part is equipped with the second motor, the output of second motor with the work is swung the head and is connected.
The working swing head comprises a supporting part, a feeding device and a working part, the upper end of the supporting part is connected with the output end of the second motor, the lower section of the supporting part is connected with the working part through the feeding device, and the working part can perform feeding motion under the action of the feeding device.
Fixedly connected with third motor in the work portion, the output of third motor is connected with the drill jig, the drill jig is connected with the drill bit, the drill bit can be in the processing operation is carried out under the effect of third motor. The work swinging head is driven to rotate through the second motor, the work angle of the work swinging head is changed, normal hole drilling processing can be achieved on the inclined planes at different angles, compared with the prior art, the workpiece can be machined without rotating, and the drilling machine is convenient and efficient.
According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine, the Z-axis ram is fixedly provided with the fourth motor, the output end of the fourth motor is connected with the connecting shaft, and the fourth motor can drive the connecting shaft to rotate, so that normal holes in different positions on the lower surface of a workpiece can be machined by adjusting the angle of the double-arm direct-drive swinging head.
Furthermore, the side face of the Z-axis ram is fixedly connected with a limiting device, the limiting device can fix the connecting shaft to rotate, and the limiting device can ensure that the whole double-arm direct-drive swinging head cannot swing in the process of drilling by ensuring the stability of the drilling machine in the process of machining and ensuring that the drilling bit cannot change in the transverse position in the process of drilling.
The limiting device comprises a sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the side face of the Z-axis ram, an output shaft of the fourth motor rotates in the sleeve, a hydraulic chuck is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve, the hydraulic chuck can be in contact with the output shaft of the fourth motor, and the output shaft of the fourth motor can be fixed by the hydraulic chuck and cannot move.
The five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine is characterized in that the feeding device is a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a telescopic shaft, the cylinder body is fixedly connected inside the supporting portion, the lower section of the telescopic shaft is connected with the upper end of the working portion, the working portion can move up and down under the action of the telescopic shaft in a feeding mode, and when a drill bit is used for machining a workpiece to be machined, the drill bit slowly enters the workpiece to be machined to perform drilling operation.
Preferably, the telescopic cylinder is an electric cylinder.
As another preferable mode, the telescopic cylinder may be a hydraulic cylinder.
Furthermore, a rubber sleeve is arranged between the supporting part and the working part, the telescopic shaft is located inside the rubber sleeve, the external size of the rubber sleeve is the same as that of the working part, and the rubber ring is arranged outside the telescopic shaft, so that waste materials cut off by the drill bit and cooling liquid sprayed in the cutting process can be prevented from entering a gap between the working part and the supporting part and affecting the normal work of the drilling machine.
According to the five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine, the number of the second motors is two, the two second motors are respectively located in the shell with the opening at the lower part of the Y-shaped chuck, the output shafts of the two second motors are coaxially arranged, and the two second motors drive the working swing head to rotate. Through such motor arrangement mode, not only can let the even atress of the left and right sides of work yaw, make work yaw pivoted angle controllable, avoided the work yaw to appear the phenomenon of unstability because of the angle rotates at the during operation simultaneously.
According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine, the surface of the lower shell of the Y-shaped chuck, which is close to the working swing head, is provided with the sliding groove, the outer surface of the working swing head is fixedly provided with the stop block, the stop block slides in the sliding groove, the stop block and the sliding groove can limit the rotation angle of the working swing head, and the swing angle range of the working swing head is between-110 degrees and +110 degrees. Through being provided with dog and spout, can avoid driving the work balance at the second motor and rotate, make the work balance appear the angle and cross the limit, prevent that the phenomenon of collision from appearing in work balance and clamping part, cause the damage of drilling machine.
According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine, the two sides of the Y-axis sliding saddle are respectively and fixedly connected with the balance cylinder, the upper end of the Z-axis sliding saddle is provided with the balance cylinder pull plate, and the balance cylinder is connected with the balance cylinder pull plate. Through setting up the balance cylinder, can balance the weight of whole both arms directly driving the yaw, it is more stable that whole both arms directly drive the yaw at drilling process, improves the smooth finish in hole, reduces the vibration and the wearing and tearing of other parts simultaneously.
According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine, the X-axis moving unit, the Y-axis moving unit and the Z-axis moving unit adopt linear guide rail pair guide structures.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine disclosed by the invention can realize the machining of the normal hole on the back surface of the workpiece by arranging the double-arm direct-drive swinging head driven by the fourth motor, and compared with the prior art, the machining of the holes on the upper surface and the lower surface can be finished only by reserving a drill bit machining space at the beginning of machining without readjusting the workpiece.
2. According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine disclosed by the invention, the two-arm direct-drive swinging head is arranged, and the working swinging head can realize the processing of normal holes at different angles between minus 110 degrees and plus 110 degrees under the driving of the first motor and the second motor, so that the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine is suitable for various different processing environments, a processing workpiece does not need to be adjusted on a workbench for many times, and the processing efficiency is improved.
3. According to the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine disclosed by the invention, the position of the second motor at the working swing head is adjusted, and meanwhile, the limiting device is arranged at the fourth motor, so that the stability of a drill bit during machining can be ensured, the low machining precision is avoided, and the drill bit and a workpiece are prevented from being collided to damage the workpiece and the drill bit.
Drawings
The aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a double-arm direct-drive swing head structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of a Z-axis ram and a double-arm direct-drive yaw;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a double-arm direct-drive yaw;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the working pendulum;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the working swing head;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a Y-chuck;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the balancing cylinder;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an X-axis moving unit;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a Y-axis moving unit;
fig. 13 is a side view of the Y-axis moving unit;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a Z-axis moving unit;
the components represented by the reference numerals in the figures are:
1. a workbench 101, a first servo motor 102, a first lead screw 103, a first support, 104, a first linear guide rail 2, a base 201, a second servo motor 202, a second lead screw 203, a second support 204, a second linear guide rail 3, an X-axis saddle 301, a third servo motor 302, a third lead screw 303, a third support 304, a third linear guide rail 4, a column 5, a beam 6, a Y-axis saddle 61, a balance cylinder 7, a Z-axis ram 71, a balance cylinder tie plate 701, a fourth motor 72, a limiting device 721, a sleeve 722, a hydraulic chuck 8, a double-arm direct-drive swing head 81, a clamping part 811, a connecting shaft 812, a Y-type chuck 813, a first motor 814, a second motor 82, a work swing head 821, a supporting part 822, a feeding device 823, a working part 824, a working part 825, a third motor, a telescopic shaft, 826. cylinder 827, dog, 828, rubber sleeve, 9, drill bit.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure can be more completely understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms without being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The directions "front and back", "left and right", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to express the relative positional relationship, and are not restricted by any specific directional references in practical application.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine comprises a workbench 1, a base 2, an X-axis saddle 3, an upright post 4, a cross beam 5, a Y-axis saddle 6, a Z-axis ram 7, a double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 and a drill bit 9, wherein a workpiece to be machined is placed on the workbench 1, two sides of the workbench 1 are respectively provided with one base 2, the upper part of each base 2 is connected with the X-axis saddle 3 through an X-axis moving unit, the X-axis saddle 3 can move back and forth on the base 2, the upper part of the X-axis saddle 3 is connected with the upright post 4, the cross beam 5 is connected with the upper parts of the two upright posts 4, the cross beam 5 is connected with the Y-axis saddle 6 through a Y-axis moving unit, the Y-axis saddle 6 can move left and right on the cross beam 5, the side surface of the Y-axis saddle 6 is connected with the Z-axis ram 7 through a Z-axis moving unit, and the Z-axis ram 7 can move up and down along the Y-axis saddle 6, the Z-axis ram 7 is connected with a double-arm direct-drive swing head 8, the double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 is connected with a drill bit 9, and the double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 comprises a clamping part 81 and a working swing head 82.
Referring to fig. 11, the X-axis moving unit includes a first servo motor 101, the first servo motor 101 is fixedly connected to a side surface of the base 2, an output end of the first servo motor 101 is connected to a first lead screw 102, the other end of the first lead screw 102 is rotatably connected to a first support 103, the first support 103 is fixedly connected to an upper surface of the base 2, the first lead screw 102 is rotatably connected to the X-axis saddle 3, an upper surface of the base 2 is fixedly connected to a first linear guide rail 104, the X-axis saddle 3 is connected to the base 2 through the first linear guide rail 104, and the X-axis saddle 3 can move back and forth on the first linear guide rail 104.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the Y-axis moving unit includes a second servo motor 201, the second servo motor 201 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the cross beam 5, an output end of the second servo motor 201 is fixedly connected to a second lead screw 202, the other end of the second lead screw 202 is rotatably connected to a second support 203, the second support 203 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the cross beam 5, a second linear guide 204 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the cross beam 5 and the side surface of the cross beam 5, the Y-axis saddle 6 is connected to the cross beam 5 through the second linear guide 204, the Y-axis saddle 6 is rotatably connected to the second lead screw 202, and the second lead screw 202 can drive the Y-axis saddle 6 to move left and right along the second linear guide 204.
Referring to fig. 14, the Z-axis moving unit includes a third servo motor 301, the third servo motor 301 is fixedly connected to the upper end side of the Y-axis saddle 6, an output end of the third servo motor 301 is fixedly connected to a third lead screw 302, the other end of the third lead screw 302 is rotatably connected to a third support 303, the third support 303 is fixedly connected to the side of the Y-axis saddle 6, the third lead screw 302 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis ram 7, third linear guide rails 304 are respectively disposed on two sides of the Z-axis ram 7, the Z-axis ram 7 is connected to the Y-axis saddle 6 through the third linear guide rails 304, and the Z-axis ram 7 can move up and down along the third linear guide rails 304 under the driving of the third lead screw 302.
Referring to fig. 3, the clamping portion 81 includes a connecting shaft 811 and a Y-shaped chuck 812, the upper end of the connecting shaft 811 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis ram 7, the lower end of the connecting shaft 811 is rotatably connected to the Y-shaped chuck 812, an opening of the Y-shaped chuck 812 faces downward, a first motor 813 is fixedly disposed in the connecting shaft 811, an output end of the first motor 813 is connected to the Y-shaped chuck 812, the first motor 813 can drive the Y-shaped chuck 812 to rotate, a second motor 814 is disposed at a lower portion of the Y-shaped chuck 812, and an output end of the second motor 814 is connected to the working swing head 82.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6, the working swing head 82 includes a support 821, a feeding device 822, and a working part 823, an upper end of the support 821 is connected to an output end of the second motor 814, a lower end of the support 821 is connected to the working part 823 through the feeding device 822, and the working part 823 can perform a feeding motion by the feeding device 822.
Furthermore, the number of the second motors 814 is two, the two second motors 814 are respectively located inside the left and right shells of the lower opening of the Y-shaped chuck 812, the output shafts of the two second motors 814 are coaxially arranged, the two second motors 814 drive the working swing head 82 to rotate, and by means of the motor arrangement mode, the left and right sides of the working swing head 82 are uniformly stressed, so that the rotating angle of the working swing head 82 is controllable, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the working swing head 82 is possibly unstable due to angle rotation during working is avoided.
Referring to fig. 6, a third motor 824 is fixedly connected to the working portion 823, an output end of the third motor 824 is connected to a drill chuck, the drill chuck is connected to a drill 9, and the drill 9 can perform a workpiece machining operation under the action of the third motor 824. Drive work yaw 82 through second motor 814 and rotate, change the working angle of work yaw 82, can realize carrying out the drilling processing in normal direction hole on the inclined plane of different angles, compare in prior art, the work piece need not to rotate just can realize processing, and is convenient high-efficient.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a fourth motor 701 is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis ram 7, an output end of the fourth motor 701 is connected with the connecting shaft 811, and the fourth motor 701 can drive the connecting shaft 811 to rotate, so that normal holes at different positions on the lower surface of a workpiece can be machined by adjusting the angle of the double-arm direct-drive swinging head 8.
Furthermore, the side face of the Z-axis ram 7 is fixedly connected with a limiting device 72, the limiting device 72 can fix the connecting shaft 811 to rotate, and the limiting device 72 can ensure that the whole double-arm direct-drive swinging head 8 cannot swing in the machining process of the drill bit 9 as far as possible, so that the stability of the drilling machine in the machining process is ensured, and the drilling process cannot be changed.
In this embodiment, the limiting device 72 includes a sleeve 721, the sleeve 721 is fixedly connected to a side surface of the Z-axis ram 7, an output shaft of the fourth motor 701 rotates in the sleeve 721, a hydraulic chuck 722 is fixed on an inner wall of the sleeve 721, the hydraulic chuck 722 can contact with the output shaft of the fourth motor 701, and a pressure is applied to the output shaft of the fourth motor 701, which is stopped, by the hydraulic chuck 722, so that the output shaft is in a fixed state, and the output shaft is prevented from moving when the drill bit 9 operates, which causes collision between the drill bit 9 and a workpiece, and affects drilling.
In this embodiment, the chuck of the hydraulic chuck 722 is an arc-shaped stop block matched with the output shaft of the fourth motor 701 in size, preferably, a rubber pad is further arranged at the position of the arc-shaped stop block, and the friction force between the hydraulic chuck 722 and the output shaft of the fourth motor 701 can be increased through the rubber pad, so that the hydraulic chuck 722 can limit the rotation of the output shaft, and the stability of the whole double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 can be ensured when the back of a workpiece is machined, and no problem can occur in the machining process.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the feeding device 822 is a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder includes a cylinder body 826 and a telescopic shaft 825, the cylinder body 826 is fixedly connected inside the support portion 821, a lower section of the telescopic shaft 825 is connected with an upper end of the working portion 823, the working portion 823 can move up and down under the action of the telescopic shaft 825, and when the drill bit 9 is used for machining a workpiece to be machined, the drill bit 9 slowly enters the workpiece to be machined to perform a drilling operation.
In this embodiment, the telescopic cylinder adopts an electric cylinder as a power part of the feeding device 822, and the design can save the space of the working swing head 82 as much as possible, ensure the overall strength of the working swing head 82 as much as possible, and avoid an accident situation in the drilling process of the drill bit 9;
of course, the same telescopic cylinder may also adopt a hydraulic cylinder mode, and the details are not repeated herein.
Further, a rubber sleeve 828 is arranged between the supporting portion 821 and the working portion 823, the telescopic shaft 825 is located inside the rubber sleeve 828, the outer size of the rubber sleeve 828 is the same as that of the working portion 823, and a rubber ring is arranged on the outer side of the telescopic shaft 825, so that waste materials cut off by the drill bit 9 and cooling liquid sprayed in the cutting process can be prevented from entering a gap between the working portion 823 and the supporting portion 821, and normal operation of the drilling machine is affected.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a sliding groove is formed on the surface of the lower housing of the Y-shaped chuck 812, which is close to the working pendulum 82, a stopper 827 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the working pendulum 82, the stopper 827 slides in the sliding groove 815, the stopper 827 and the sliding groove can limit the rotation angle of the working pendulum 82, and the swing angle of the working pendulum 82 ranges from-110 ° to +110 °. Through being provided with dog 827 and spout 815, can avoid driving work pendulum head 82 at second motor 814 and rotate the time, make work pendulum head 82 appear the angle and cross the limit, prevent that the phenomenon that collision appears in work pendulum head 82 and clamping part 81 from appearing, cause the damage of drilling machine.
Referring to fig. 10, two sides of the Y-axis saddle 6 are fixedly connected with a balance cylinder 61, the upper end of the Z-axis ram 7 is provided with a balance cylinder pulling plate 71, and the balance cylinder 61 is connected with the balance cylinder pulling plate 71. Through setting up balance cylinder 61, can balance the weight of whole both arms directly driving balance 8, make whole both arms directly drive balance 8 more stable at drilling in-process, improve the smooth finish in hole, reduce the vibration and the wearing and tearing of other parts simultaneously.
Specifically, the working principle of the five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine is as follows: the workpiece to be machined is clamped on the workbench 1 by using a clamp, if the workpiece to be machined needs to drill the lower surface of the workpiece, the workpiece to be machined needs to be lifted, a machining space is reserved for the double-arm direct-drive swinging head 8 on the lower surface of the workpiece, after the workpiece is clamped, the double-arm direct-drive swinging head 8 reaches the position, needing to be machined, of the workpiece to be machined through the X-axis moving unit, the Y-axis moving unit and the Z-axis moving unit, the drill bit 9 reaches the position, needing to be machined, through the combined action of the first motor 813 and the second motor 814, the drill bit 9 starts to rotate under the driving of the third motor 824, and under the action of the feeding device 822, the drill bit 9 starts to machine the workpiece to be machined.
If the lower surface of a workpiece to be processed needs to be drilled and processed, the fourth motor 701 drives the double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 to rotate, the angle of the double-arm direct-drive swing head 8 is adjusted, so that the working swing head reaches the lower surface of the workpiece, the Y-shaped chuck 812 drives the working swing head 82 to process the lower surface of the workpiece, and meanwhile, the limiting device 72 fixedly arranged at the sleeve 721 can limit and guarantee the output shaft of the fourth motor 701, so that the drill bit 9 cannot swing during processing, and normal operation is not affected.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or additions or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine comprises a workbench (1), bases (2), an X-axis saddle (3), stand columns (4), a cross beam (5), a Y-axis saddle (6), a Z-axis saddle (7), two arms of direct-drive swinging heads (8) and a drill bit (9), wherein workpieces to be machined are placed on the workbench (1), the bases (2) are respectively arranged on two sides of the workbench, the upper portion of the base (2) is connected with the X-axis saddle (3) through an X-axis moving unit, the X-axis saddle (3) can move back and forth on the base (2), the upper portion of the X-axis saddle (3) is connected with the stand columns (4), the cross beam (5) is connected with the upper portion of the two stand columns (4), the cross beam (5) is connected with the Y-axis saddle (6) through a Y-axis moving unit, the Y-axis saddle (6) can move left and right on the cross beam (5), the side surface of the Y-axis saddle (6) is connected with a Z-axis ram (7) through a Z-axis moving unit, the Z-axis ram (7) can move up and down along the Y-axis saddle (6), the Z-axis ram (7) is connected with a double-arm direct-drive swing head (8), the double-arm direct-drive swing head (8) is connected with a drill bit (9), and the Y-axis saddle is characterized in that the double-arm direct-drive swing head (8) comprises a clamping part (81) and a working swing head (82);
the clamping part (81) comprises a connecting shaft (811) and a Y-shaped chuck (812), the connecting shaft (811) is rotatably connected with the Z-axis ram (7), the lower end of the connecting shaft (811) is rotatably connected with the Y-shaped chuck (812), the opening of the Y-shaped chuck (812) faces downwards, a first motor (813) is fixedly arranged in the connecting shaft (811), the output end of the first motor (813) is connected with the Y-shaped chuck (812), the first motor (813) can drive the Y-shaped chuck (812) to rotate, a second motor (814) is arranged at the lower part of the Y-shaped chuck (812), and the output end of the second motor (814) is connected with the working swing head (82);
the working swing head (82) comprises a supporting part (821), a feeding device (822) and a working part (823), the upper end of the supporting part (821) is connected with the output end of the second motor (814), the lower section of the supporting part (821) is connected with the working part (823) through the feeding device (822), and the working part (823) can perform feeding movement under the action of the feeding device (822);
fixedly connected with third motor (824) in work portion (823), the output of third motor (824) is connected with the drill jig, the drill jig is connected with drill bit (9), drill bit (9) can be in processing operation under the effect of third motor (824).
2. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a fourth motor (701) is fixedly arranged on the Z-axis ram (7), an output end of the fourth motor (701) is connected with the connecting shaft (811), and the fourth motor (701) can drive the connecting shaft (811) to rotate.
3. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that a limiting device (72) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the Z-axis ram (7), and the limiting device (72) can fix the rotation angle of the connecting shaft (811).
4. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the limiting device (72) comprises a sleeve (721), the sleeve (721) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the Z-axis ram (7), the output shaft of the fourth motor (701) rotates in the sleeve (721), a hydraulic chuck (722) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (721), and the hydraulic chuck (722) can clamp the output shaft of the fourth motor (701).
5. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding device (822) is a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder comprises a telescopic shaft (825) and a cylinder body (826), the cylinder body (826) is fixedly connected inside the supporting portion (821), the lower end of the telescopic shaft (825) is connected with the upper end of the working portion (823), and the working portion (823) can move up and down under the action of the telescopic shaft (825).
6. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that a rubber sleeve (828) is arranged between the supporting part (821) and the working part (823), the telescopic shaft (825) is located inside the rubber sleeve (828), the outer dimension of the rubber sleeve (828) is the same as that of the working part (823), and the rubber sleeve (828) can prevent waste left by the drill bit (9) from affecting the feeding motion of the telescopic cylinder.
7. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the number of the second motors (814) is two, the two second motors (814) are respectively located inside a shell with an opening at the lower part of the Y-shaped chuck (812), output shafts of the two second motors (814) are coaxially arranged, and the two second motors (814) drive the working swing head (82) to rotate.
8. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that a sliding groove (815) is formed in the surface, close to the working swing head (82), of the lower shell of the Y-shaped chuck (812), a stop block (827) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the working swing head (82), the stop block (827) slides in the sliding groove (815), the stop block (827) and the sliding groove (815) can limit the rotation angle of the working swing head (82), and the swing angle range of the working swing head (82) is between-110 ° and +110 °.
9. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that two sides of the Y-axis saddle (6) are fixedly connected with balance cylinders (61), the upper end of the Z-axis ram (7) is provided with a balance cylinder pull plate (71), and the balance cylinders (61) are connected with the balance cylinder pull plate (71).
10. The five-axis high-speed numerical control drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the X-axis moving unit, the Y-axis moving unit and the Z-axis moving unit adopt a linear guide rail pair guide structure.
CN202111613863.2A 2021-12-27 2021-12-27 Five-axis high-speed numerically-controlled drilling machine Active CN114226781B (en)

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CN115351327A (en) * 2022-09-21 2022-11-18 苏州恒川光伏科技有限公司 Wind power generation blade core material drilling equipment and method
CN117047523A (en) * 2023-09-06 2023-11-14 广州德力数控设备有限公司 Large-stroke aircraft tail wing processing machine tool

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CN113681340A (en) * 2021-09-10 2021-11-23 宁波天瑞精工机械有限公司 Five-axis five-linkage numerical control machine tool torque motor power-off anti-falling device

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