CN114226190A - Photo-thermal condensation failure resistant super-hydrophobic surface with multi-layer structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Photo-thermal condensation failure resistant super-hydrophobic surface with multi-layer structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/004—Reflecting paints; Signal paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/32—Radiation-absorbing paints
Abstract
The invention discloses a super-hydrophobic surface with a multi-layer structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the super-hydrophobic surface can resist condensation failure by photo-thermal, and sequentially comprises the following components from bottom to top: the super-hydrophobic surface with the photothermal effect can be prepared by utilizing good photothermal capacity to realize the condensation failure resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface, the long-term stability of the self-cleaning performance is kept, and the super-hydrophobic surface has the advantages of high cost and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic materials, and particularly relates to a super-hydrophobic surface with a multi-layer structure and capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The super-hydrophobic surface has multiple functions of self-cleaning, drying keeping, drag reduction, liquid resistance, air permeability and the like as a material with extremely strong anti-infiltration capacity, and has wide application prospect in the fields of industry and biomedicine. When the super-hydrophobic surface is used in an outdoor environment, the surface of the super-hydrophobic surface is often subjected to gas-liquid condensation in the environment with high humidity and high temperature difference. Gas-liquid condensation is a very common phenomenon in daily life, such as a water film on an indoor window in winter, water drops on a pot cover when soup is cooked, dew on leaves in the early morning and the like, and gas-liquid condensation is also commonly used for heat exchange in industrial application, such as power production, seawater desalination, rectification purification and the like. Gas-liquid condensation mainly refers to the process of heterogeneous nucleation of water vapor on low temperature surfaces below its saturation temperature. However, along with gas-liquid condensation under the environmental conditions of high temperature difference and high humidity, the temperature difference is larger, the humidity is higher, the critical nucleation radius of water vapor condensation is smaller, the nucleation sites are more, the critical nucleation size of liquid drops can be as low as a few nanometers on the surface with high supercooling degree, nano-scale condensed liquid drops easily enter the micro/nano structure gap of the super-hydrophobic material, and the condensed liquid drops gradually replace air in the structure, so that the surface pinning is induced, and the super-hydrophobic surface loses the anti-infiltration capacity.
In order to keep the super-hydrophobic performance of the super-hydrophobic material in the environment of high humidity and high temperature difference, scientific researchers not only adopt methods for preparing a nano-scale super-hydrophobic surface, a hydrophilic-hydrophobic composite super-hydrophobic surface and the like to prevent condensation failure passively, but also provide a method for actively preventing condensation by utilizing the photothermal conversion function of the photothermal material. However, it is a problem to obtain an ideal photothermal material that is inexpensive, easy to prepare, and highly efficient in photothermal efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-layer super-hydrophobic surface capable of resisting condensation failure by photo-thermal and a preparation method thereof, and the multi-layer super-hydrophobic photo-thermal surface with low cost and high efficiency can be prepared.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a super-hydrophobic surface with a photo-thermal anti-condensation multi-layer structure, which comprises a substrate, an energy storage layer, a reflecting layer and a light absorption layer from bottom to top, wherein the thickness ratio of the substrate to the energy storage layer to the reflecting layer to the light absorption layer is 10: 2-10: 1-2: 2-3, the reflecting layer is one or more layers, the reflecting layer is made of a solid or hollow nano-scale or micro-scale material and is at least one of high-reflection materials such as silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silver particles.
Further, the structure of the superhydrophobic surface of the invention may also be: the energy storage device sequentially comprises a substrate, a reflecting layer, an energy storage layer and a light absorption layer from bottom to top, wherein the energy storage layer is made of a light-permeable material.
Further, the material of the energy storage layer is at least one of paraffin, stearic acid, inorganic salt and polyhydric alcohol.
Further, the light absorption layer is made of a light absorption material, and the light absorption material is at least one of carbon nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon fiber powder, metal nanoparticles, metal-organic hybrid nanoparticles, inorganic semi-conductive nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, organic small molecule nanoparticles and semi-conductive polymeric nanoparticles.
Further, the substrate is silicon chip, glass, ceramic, macromolecule, simple substance metal or alloy.
A method for preparing the super-hydrophobic surface of the multi-layer structure with photo-thermal anti-condensation failure comprises a dripping method and/or a spraying method, wherein the dripping method and the spraying method can be used in a mixed way, for example, a light absorption layer is sprayed by the spraying method after a reflecting layer is coated by the dripping method, or the light absorption layer is coated by the dripping method after the reflecting layer is sprayed by the spraying layer.
Further, the dispensing method specifically includes the steps of:
(1) drop coating energy storage layer
Dissolving the energy storage material into 100-500mg/mL suspension, covering the suspension on the substrate by using a dropper, and standing at room temperature for 6-12h to obtain an energy storage layer;
(2) drop coating of reflective layers
Preparing a reflecting layer material into 50-200 mg/mL suspension, coating the suspension drop by a dropper on the substrate treated in the step (1), and standing at room temperature for 6-12h to obtain a reflecting layer;
(3) drop coating light absorbing layer
Preparing a material of the light absorption layer into a suspension with the concentration of 10-100 mg/mL, coating the suspension drop on the substrate treated in the step (2) by using a dropper, and standing at room temperature for 6-12 hours to obtain the light absorption layer;
(4) grafted hydrophobic molecules
And grafting hydrophobic molecules on the substrate coated with the light absorption layer, the energy storage layer and the reflecting layer to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multilayer structure.
Further, the spraying method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying energy storage layer
Preparing the material of the energy storage layer into 100-500mg/mL suspension, and spraying the suspension on the surface of the substrate at the speed of 5-100 mL/min to obtain the energy storage layer;
(2) spray coating reflective layer
Preparing a material of the reflecting layer into a suspension with the concentration of 10-100 mg/mL, and spraying the suspension on the surface of the energy storage layer at the speed of 5-100 mL/min to obtain the reflecting layer;
(3) spray coating light absorption layer
Spraying the light absorption layer material grafted with the hydrophobic molecules on the surface of the reflecting layer prepared in the step (2) to prepare a light absorption layer;
(4) grafted hydrophobic molecules
And grafting hydrophobic molecules on the substrate sprayed with the energy storage layer, the light absorption layer and the reflection layer to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multilayer structure.
The grafted hydrophobic molecule comprises one or more of perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane, perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane, perfluorooctanoyl chloride and dodecyl trichlorosilane.
Further, the solvent of the suspension is acetone, ethanol or n-hexane.
The super-hydrophobic surface of the multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure by photo-thermal is applied to surface corrosion prevention or pollution prevention in a high-humidity environment and comprises a naval vessel antenna, a radar cover, an outdoor self-cleaning curtain wall and the like.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the light absorption material of the light absorption layer provided by the invention has a hierarchical micro-nano structure and photo-thermal capability, and the hierarchical structure can be obtained by stacking particles with different diameters by a drop coating or spraying method, so that the light absorption material has stronger light capturing performance.
2. The reflecting layer provided by the invention can be one or more layers, and the structure is controllable. And when the micro-nano layer is multilayer, the micro-nano layer has the micro-nano scale, the gap between the structures is small, the surface roughness is large, and the Laplace pressure difference is large, so that the probability of condensation of nano-scale liquid drops in the structure is reduced on one hand, and on the other hand, when condensed liquid drops appear in the micro-nano structure, the condensed liquid drops are extruded to the surface from the inside due to the pressure difference formed between the internal structure of the material and the surface.
3. The white material of the reflecting layer provided by the invention has excellent light reflecting performance, and can reflect light rays passing through the light absorbing surface back to the surface of the light absorbing material again to form secondary absorption, so that the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the light absorbing surface is further enhanced.
4. The energy storage layer provided by the invention can store illumination energy in the daytime, keep the surface of the material at a higher temperature at night and reduce the surface supercooling degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a SEM illustration of a superhydrophobic surface prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a surface view of the superhydrophobic surface of example 1 after condensation in the light for 1 h;
FIG. 4 is a graph of contact angle measurements of the superhydrophobic surface of example 1 after condensation in light for 1 h;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the droplet distribution on the surface of the substrate in example 2;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing condensation on the surface of the material under a microscope before illumination in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the condensation on the surface of the microscopically observed material after illumination in example 3;
FIG. 8 shows the temperature change of the surface of example 4 within 5min after the surface is irradiated with light.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic surface of a multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drop coating energy storage layer
Mixing Na2SO4·10H2Mixing O and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing into suspension according to the mass concentration of 500mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole silicon wafer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain an energy storage layer.
(2) Drop coating of reflective layers
Mixing solid silica spheres with the particle size of 300nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing a suspension according to the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole energy storage layer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain a white silica reflecting layer.
(3) Drop coating light absorbing layer
Mixing carbon nanospheres with the particle size of 500nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole reflecting layer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 12h to obtain a black carbon nanosphere light absorption layer.
(4) Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces
And (4) putting the substrate treated in the step (3) into a vacuum dryer, simultaneously putting 200 mu L of perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, pumping the vacuum degree to about 0.9, and standing for 2 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multi-layer structure, which can be subjected to photo-thermal condensation failure resistance. The SEM image is shown in FIG. 2.
The superhydrophobic surface prepared in example 1 was placed under light and simultaneously condensed, wherein the light source was a 40W collimated light source, the condensation temperature was 1 ℃ and the ambient temperature was 20 ℃. After 1h of condensation, the superhydrophobic surface was observed under a 50-fold microscope, and the results are shown in fig. 3. The superhydrophobic photothermal surface does not show any condensed liquid drop, and the contact angle measurement is carried out on the superhydrophobic photothermal surface, as shown in fig. 4, the contact angle of the contact angle is 153 degrees, which proves that the superhydrophobic surface still maintains the superhydrophobic performance.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic surface of a multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying energy storage layer
Mixing Na2SO4·10H2And mixing O and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing into suspension according to the mass concentration of 400mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the half surface of the silicon wafer by using pneumatic spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to obtain the energy storage layer.
(2) Spraying double-layer reflecting layer
Mixing solid silica spheres with the particle size of 500nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 50mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the surface of the energy storage layer by using pneumatic spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to obtain a layer of silica material surface. And then mixing the solid silica spheres with the particle size of 100nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the surface of the silica material by using pneumatic spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to prepare the double-layer reflecting layer.
(3) Drop coating light absorbing layer
Mixing carbon nanospheres with the particle size of 500nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole reflecting layer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 12h to obtain a black carbon nanosphere light absorption layer.
(4) Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces
And (4) putting the substrate treated in the step (3) into a vacuum dryer, simultaneously putting 200 mu L of perfluoro-dodecyl trichlorosilane, pumping the vacuum degree to about 0.9, and standing for 2h to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure by photo-thermal.
In example 2, a superhydrophobic surface was prepared on one half of the surface of the silicon wafer, and a blank silicon wafer was prepared on the other half of the surface of the silicon wafer, both surfaces of the silicon wafer were placed on a cold stage, and irradiated with a light source at the same time, and condensed for 5min and observed with a microscope. The condensation temperature of the cold stage is 1 ℃, and the light source adopts a 40w parallel light source. As shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that the left substrate, which is not covered by the nano superhydrophobic photothermal surface, has a large number of condensed droplets, while the right substrate, which is covered by the nano superhydrophobic photothermal surface, has no condensed droplets.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic surface of a multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drop coating energy storage layer
Adding CaCl2·6H2Mixing O and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing a suspension according to the mass concentration of 200mg/mL, dripping the suspension by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole silicon wafer with the suspension, horizontally placing the silicon wafer on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain an energy storage layer.
(2) Spray coating reflective layer
Mixing solid silicon dioxide balls with the particle size of 300nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the surface of the energy storage layer by using pneumatic spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to obtain the surface of the reflecting layer.
(3) Spray coating light absorption layer
Respectively mixing the carboxylated multi-wall carbon nano-tubes with the length of 20 mu m, the average diameter of 300nm, the length of 10 mu m and the average diameter of 100nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 50mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the reflecting layer by using electric spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min, namely spraying the light absorption layer.
(4) Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces
And (4) putting the substrate treated in the step (3) into a vacuum drier, simultaneously putting 200 mu L of perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, pumping the vacuum degree to about 0.9, and standing for 2h to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multi-layer structure, which can be subjected to photo-thermal condensation failure resistance.
The superhydrophobic surface prepared in example 3 was placed on a condensing stage to be condensed while observing it with a microscope of 50 times, and after 20min of condensation, a large amount of condensed droplets appeared on the double-layered nano superhydrophobic photothermal surface as shown in fig. 6, and then irradiated for 1s with an increased microscope light source to 100w, as a result, the condensed droplets on the multi-layered nano superhydrophobic photothermal surface began to largely disappear as shown in fig. 7.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic surface of a multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drop coating energy storage layer
Mixing Na2CO3·12H2Mixing O and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing a suspension according to the mass concentration of 100mg/mL, dripping the suspension by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole ceramic wafer with the suspension, horizontally placing the ceramic wafer on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain an energy storage layer.
(2) Spraying double-reflection layer
Mixing solid silica spheres with the particle size of 400nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 100mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto a ceramic chip by using electric spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to obtain the surface of the silica material. And mixing solid silicon dioxide spheres with the particle size of 50nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the surface of the silicon dioxide material by using pneumatic spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min to obtain a double-reflecting layer, namely the double-layer white nano material with different sizes.
(3) Spray coating light absorption layer
Respectively mixing the carboxylated multi-wall carbon nano-tubes with the length of 20 mu m, the average diameter of 300nm, the length of 10 mu m and the average diameter of 100nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 100mg/mL, and spraying the suspension onto the reflecting layer by using electric spraying equipment at the spraying speed of 50mL/min, namely spraying the light absorption layer.
(4) Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces
And (4) putting the ceramic wafer treated in the step (3) into a vacuum dryer, simultaneously putting 200 mu L of perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, pumping the vacuum degree to about 0.9, and standing for 2 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface of the multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure by photo-thermal.
The super-hydrophobic surface of the multi-layer structure capable of photo-thermal anti-condensation failure prepared in example 4 was placed on a platform, a 40w parallel light source was used for 5min of irradiation, the surface temperature of the material was measured by a thermocouple for 1min, three different positions were measured each time, and as a result, as shown in fig. 8, the temperature of the double-layer nano super-hydrophobic photo-thermal surface was instantaneously increased by about 11 ℃ within 1min, and then the temperature was maintained stable in the presence of the light source. And after 6 o 'clock at night, removing the light source, standing until 6 o' clock in the morning next day, wherein the average ambient temperature at night is 10 ℃, and the surface temperature of the material is measured to be about 20 ℃, and the surface of the material still keeps dry.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic surface of a multi-layer structure capable of resisting condensation failure through photo-thermal treatment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drop coating of reflective layers
Mixing solid silicon dioxide spheres with the particle size of 300nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing a suspension according to the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole silicon wafer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and standing at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain a white silicon dioxide reflecting layer.
(2) Drop coating energy storage layer
Dripping melted paraffin on the silicon dioxide reflecting layer treated in the step (1), covering the reflecting layer, cooling for 5min to form a transparent film, wherein the main component of the paraffin is C20H42Thereby preparing a transparent energy storage layer.
(3) Drop coating light absorbing layer
Mixing carbon nanospheres with the particle size of 500nm with absolute ethyl alcohol, preparing suspension according to the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, dripping by using a plastic dropper, covering the whole energy storage layer with the suspension, horizontally placing on a table top, and placing at room temperature for 12h to obtain a black carbon nanosphere light absorption layer.
(4) Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces
And (4) putting the substrate treated in the step (3) into a vacuum dryer, simultaneously putting 200 mu L of perfluorododecyl trichlorosilane, pumping the vacuum degree to about 0.9, and standing for 2 hours to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multi-layer structure, which can be subjected to photo-thermal condensation failure resistance.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it should not be construed as limited by the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The super-hydrophobic surface with the multi-layer structure and capable of being subjected to photo-thermal pit condensation failure is characterized by comprising a substrate, an energy storage layer, a reflecting layer and a light absorption layer from bottom to top, wherein the thickness ratio of the substrate, the energy storage layer, the reflecting layer and the light absorption layer is 10: 2-10: 1-2: 2-3, the reflecting layer is one or more layers, the material of the reflecting layer is a nano-scale or micron-scale material, and the material of the reflecting layer is at least one of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide and silver particles.
2. The photothermal condensation failure resistant superhydrophobic surface of a multi-layered structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of said energy storage layer is at least one of paraffin, stearic acid, inorganic salts, and polyols.
3. The photothermal condensation failure resistant superhydrophobic surface of a multi-layered structure according to claim 1, wherein the light absorbing layer is made of a light absorbing material, and the light absorbing material is at least one of carbon nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, carbon fiber powder, metal nanoparticles, metal-organic hybrid nanoparticles, inorganic semiconducting nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, organic small molecule nanoparticles, and semiconducting polymeric nanoparticles.
4. The photothermal condensation failure resistant superhydrophobic surface of a multilayer structure according to claim 1, wherein said substrate material is a silicon wafer, glass, ceramic, polymer, elemental metal, or alloy.
5. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic surface of the photothermal condensation failure resistant multilayer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation method is a dropping coating method and/or a spraying method.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the dispensing process comprises the steps of:
(1) drop coating energy storage layer
Dissolving the energy storage material into 100-500mg/mL suspension, covering the suspension on the substrate by using a dropper, and standing at room temperature for 6-12h to obtain an energy storage layer;
(2) drop coating of reflective layers
Preparing a reflecting layer material into 50-200 mg/mL suspension, coating the suspension drop by a dropper on the substrate treated in the step (1), and standing at room temperature for 6-12h to obtain a reflecting layer;
(3) drop coating light absorbing layer
Preparing a material of the light absorption layer into a suspension with the concentration of 10-100 mg/mL, coating the suspension drop on the substrate treated in the step (2) by using a dropper, and standing at room temperature for 6-12 hours to obtain the light absorption layer;
(4) grafted hydrophobic molecules
And grafting hydrophobic molecules on the substrate coated with the light absorption layer, the energy storage layer and the reflecting layer to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multilayer structure.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the spraying process comprises the steps of:
(1) spraying energy storage layer
Preparing the material of the energy storage layer into 100-500mg/mL suspension, and spraying the suspension on the surface of the substrate at the speed of 5-100 mL/min to obtain the energy storage layer;
(2) spray coating reflective layer
Preparing a material of the reflecting layer into a suspension with the concentration of 10-100 mg/mL, and spraying the suspension on the surface of the energy storage layer at the speed of 5-100 mL/min to obtain the reflecting layer;
(3) spray coating light absorption layer
Spraying the light absorption layer material grafted with the hydrophobic molecules on the surface of the reflecting layer prepared in the step (2) to prepare a light absorption layer;
(4) grafted hydrophobic molecules
And grafting hydrophobic molecules on the substrate sprayed with the energy storage layer, the light absorption layer and the reflection layer to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the multilayer structure.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the grafted hydrophobic molecule is at least one of perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane, perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, perfluorooctanoyl chloride, and dodecyltrichlorosilane.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the solvent of the suspension is acetone, ethanol or n-hexane.
10. Use of the photothermal condensation failure resistant multi-layered structured superhydrophobic surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for surface corrosion protection or stain resistance in a high humidity environment.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN115232507A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 湖北铁神新材料有限公司 | Super-hydrophobic coating material with photo-thermal and sound absorption functions and preparation method thereof |
| CN115264964A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-01 | 江南大学 | Photothermal-electric conversion system and seawater desalination waste heat utilization system |
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