CN114215558B - Plugging method for near-flooding civil mining tunnel of tailing pond - Google Patents
Plugging method for near-flooding civil mining tunnel of tailing pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN114215558B CN114215558B CN202111446777.7A CN202111446777A CN114215558B CN 114215558 B CN114215558 B CN 114215558B CN 202111446777 A CN202111446777 A CN 202111446777A CN 114215558 B CN114215558 B CN 114215558B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a plugging method of a near-flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of calculating the overall length of the plugging according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a rectangular water-proof wall theoretical calculation method respectively, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plugging; selecting a plugging position, arranging a support section and an impermeable section at the position of the cave opening, and arranging the plugging section in the cave; firstly adopting sprayed concrete I to support in a support section, then adopting sprayed concrete II and reinforced concrete to support, and arranging composite geotextile on the support surface, wherein a waterproof board is arranged on the composite geotextile; fourthly, embedding a reinforced concrete upright closed wall body into a gallery in the seepage-proofing section, and performing waterproof treatment; fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete; forming a plurality of wedge-shaped sealing walls in the plugging section, and performing waterproof treatment; the roadway among the wedge-shaped closed walls is embedded into the periphery of the rock mass by using the waste steel rail as a lacing wire, and the anti-slide pile is formed after concrete filling. The invention can ensure the safe operation of the tailing pond.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing pond treatment, in particular to a plugging method of a mining roadway of a tailing pond near-flooding people.
Background
The tailing pond is a place for piling up the residual waste materials or other industrial waste residues after the separation of the metal or nonmetal mine ores. A reasonable drainage system is arranged in the tailing pond so as to be convenient for discharging flood and tailing clarified water collected in the pond. The tailing pond can have the following serious consequences if the drainage system is partially collapsed and damaged: if damaged parts occur in a warehouse, because the tail sand is buried deep and the water level is high, saturated tail sand in the tail sand warehouse can flow downwards along a drain pipe line under the action of water power, so that a downstream river channel can be possibly polluted, the personal safety and property safety of downstream residents can be threatened, and the safety of the whole tail sand warehouse is further threatened; if the damaged part occurs on the outer slope of the accumulation dam, when the water pressure in the reservoir is larger than the covering pressure of the outer slope of the accumulation dam, piping can occur on the outer slope of the accumulation dam under the action of the water pressure in the drainage pipeline, and then accidents such as collapse and dam break of the tailing reservoir are caused.
At present, damage blocking research on a drainage system of a tailing pond is more, but due to historical reasons, part of civil mining near the tailing pond is seriously damaged, and part of near-flooded civil mining roadways need to be blocked in time to ensure safe operation of the tailing pond, so that the blocking of the civil mining roadways is an important subject in the field of safe operation of the tailing pond.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plugging method for a near-flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond, which can ensure the safe operation of the tailing pond.
In order to solve the problems, the plugging method of the mining roadway of the near-flooding people of the tailing pond comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of calculating the overall length of the plugging according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a rectangular water-proof wall theoretical calculation method respectively, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plugging;
selecting a plugging position, sequentially arranging a support section and an impermeable section at a cave opening, and arranging the plugging section in the cave;
firstly adopting sprayed concrete I to support in the support section, then adopting sprayed concrete II and reinforced concrete to support, arranging composite geotextile on the support surface, arranging waterproof plates on the composite geotextile, and fixing the waterproof plates through cement shooting nails;
fourthly, embedding a reinforced concrete upright closed wall body into a gallery in the seepage-proofing section, and performing waterproof treatment;
fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete;
forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure in the plugging section, and performing waterproof treatment; the roadway among the wedge-shaped closed walls is embedded into the periphery of the rock mass by using the waste steel rail as a lacing wire, and the anti-slide pile is formed after concrete filling.
The wedge-shaped calculation method in the step (A) is respectively carried out according to the conditions of compression resistance, shearing resistance, permeability resistance and impact cutting resistance:
(1) the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
；
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f (f) c -design value of compressive strength of concrete, MPa; the hydrostatic pressure is designed on the P-sealing wall, and the pressure is MPa;
(2) calculated according to the shear strength:
；
wherein: a. b, the section size of the roadway per meter; f (f) v -concrete design shear strength, MPa;
(3) calculated as permeation resistance conditions:
wherein:K-the permeability coefficient of the concrete, k=0.000015-0.000035, k=0.00002; h is a ab -hydrostatic head height, m;
(4) calculated according to punching conditions:
。
the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular water-proof wall in the step (A) is to calculate the thickness according to the bonding strength:
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; lambda-overload factor, 1.2; a, roadway width, unit meter; b, roadway height, unit meter; m-working condition coefficient, get1.0; n is the ratio of bonding strength to shear strength, and 0.8 is taken; h, unit pressure acting on the baffle wall, MPa; τ -is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material, MPa, and is calculated as 17% of the compressive strength of the minimum data of the shotcrete test.
The length of the support section and the seepage-proofing section in the step is 2/5 of the total plugging length.
The length of the plugging section in the step is 3/5 of the total plugging length.
The step of the composite geotextile comprises geotextile, HDPE geotextile and geotextile.
The step and the waterproof treatment in the step are to plug with water glass and cement, wherein the mixing amount of the water glass is 2.5% of the using amount of the cement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts a comprehensive plugging method integrating plugging, seepage prevention and supporting, has high integration level, is simple and convenient to construct, and recycles waste materials.
2. According to the invention, engineering actual conditions such as tunnel geology, concave-convex conditions, safety and the like are fully utilized, the waterproof, seepage-proofing, corrosion prevention and high strength are integrated, and the safe operation of the tailing pond can be ensured.
3. Under the condition of no direct reference experience, the invention comprehensively utilizes experimental data and various empirical formulas and provides reference for plugging similar civil mining roadways.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plugging structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion B in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the C portion of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the D site in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-cave mouth; 21-spraying concrete I; 22-spraying concrete II; 3-composite geotextile; 4-waterproof board; 5-cement nailing; 6-reinforced concrete; 7-the reinforced concrete vertical sealing wall body; 8-wedge-shaped closing wall; 9-anti-slide piles; 10-waterproofing treatment.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a plugging method for a near-flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of calculating the overall length of the plugging according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a rectangular water-proof wall theoretical calculation method, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plugging.
Wherein: the wedge-shape calculation method is respectively calculated according to the conditions of compression resistance, shearing resistance, permeability resistance and impact cutting resistance:
(1) the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
；
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f (f) c -design value of compressive strength of concrete, MPa; the hydrostatic pressure is designed on the P-sealing wall, and the pressure is MPa;
(2) calculated according to the shear strength:
；
wherein: a. b, the section size of the roadway per meter; f (f) v -concrete design shear strength, MPa;
(3) calculated as permeation resistance conditions:
wherein:K-the permeability coefficient of the concrete, k=0.000015-0.000035, k=0.00002; h is a ab -hydrostatic head height, m;
(4) calculated according to punching conditions:
。
the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular water-proof wall is to calculate the thickness according to the bonding strength:
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; lambda-overload factor, 1.2; a, roadway width, unit meter; b, roadway height, unit meter; m-working condition coefficient, 1.0; n is the ratio of bonding strength to shear strength, and 0.8 is taken; h, unit pressure acting on the baffle wall, MPa; τ -is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material, MPa, and is calculated as 17% of the compressive strength of the minimum data of the shotcrete test.
And selecting the plugging position according to the geological conditions, the concave-convex conditions, the safety conditions and the like of the roadway.
Position selection principle:
(1) the position of the wall body is in the tunnel needing to be sealed; (2) the wall body is positioned at the position of the surrounding rock, so that the overall stability is good, the drill holes and the cracks are avoided, the water burst and sand burst are prevented, and the safety is ensured; (3) the closed wall is selected in a region with larger fluctuation of the surrounding of the roadway, and the sliding resistance of the closed wall is increased by utilizing the unevenness of the roadway; (4) the closed wall should be selected in the better section of security, considers construction convenience, reduces the engineering quantity as far as possible.
In order to meet the integral anti-slip, shearing, cracking and seepage-proofing functions and safety requirements of underground closed walls or well plugs, a support section and a seepage-proofing section are sequentially arranged at a cave opening 1, and a plugging section is arranged in a cave.
Wherein: the length of the support section and the seepage-proofing section is 2/5 of the total plugging length. The length of the plugging section is 3/5 of the total plugging length.
Thirdly, firstly adopting sprayed concrete I21 to support in a support section, then adopting sprayed concrete II 22 and reinforced concrete 6 to support, and arranging composite geotextile 3 on the support surface to perform anti-seepage treatment. The waterproof board 4 is arranged on the composite geotechnical cloth 3 and is fixed through cement shooting nails 5.
Wherein: the composite geotextile 3 is composed of geotextile, HDPE geomembrane and geotextile.
The HDPE impermeable membrane is prepared from high-quality high-density polyethylene virgin resin by adopting a coextrusion technology, has high-efficiency molecular density, extremely low liquid permeability and excellent impermeable effect; and because the HDPE impermeable membrane is light in weight, convenient to transport, high in flexibility is laid on site, and the requirements of different construction sites can be met. Geotextile is used as a protective layer of the geomembrane to protect the impermeable layer from damage.
And the seepage-proofing section is embedded into a gallery by adopting a reinforced concrete upright closed wall body 7 and is subjected to waterproof treatment 10.
Wherein: the tensile strength of the anti-seepage section of the reinforced concrete upright closed wall body 7 is 6KPa.
The waterproof treatment 10 is to plug with water glass and cement, wherein the mixing amount of the water glass is 2.5% of the using amount of the cement.
And fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete.
Forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls 8 by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure in the plugging section, and performing waterproof treatment 10, wherein the waterproof treatment 10 is the same step; the roadway among the wedge-shaped closed walls 8 is embedded into the periphery of a rock mass by using the waste steel rail as a lacing wire, and the anti-slide pile 9 is formed after concrete filling.
The invention relates to a wall waterproof principle:
because the water and the tailings are plugged together, the sealing engineering is higher than the strength and the seepage-proofing requirements of the water-proof wall and the water-proof door commonly used in mines; the sealing engineering is solidified upwards layer by layer along with tailing deposition in the later stage of tailing pond discharge, so that bearing pressure is larger; the underground sealing engineering is a permanent structure, and the wall body has the function of resisting the water in the tailing pond and is required to have a longer service life. Therefore, three seepage prevention measures are adopted to prevent the problems that tailings and water infiltrate into the interior of the plugging roadway. The first is a cement wall, the second is a composite geomembrane (two cloth-one membrane) plus a water baffle, and the third is a water baffle wall (see figure 3). The three protective measures integrate seepage prevention and drainage, and have the advantages of high strength, puncture resistance, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, water and soil loss prevention and the like. Through implementation of the engineering, safe operation of the tailing pond can be ensured.
Examples
Some tailing pond is designed with a pond capacity of 1901 ten thousand m W, a dam height of 153m and a high elevation of 1510m. The elevation of the final dam after project extension is 1545m, and the final dam height is 188m.
When the plugging engineering is implemented, the dam height of the tailing pond reaches 1489m; the method is characterized in that the method is close to civil mining roadways, one roadway is located at the southeast side 60m of a tailing pond, the elevation of a cave opening is 1495m, the other waste exploring roadway is located at the southeast side 15m of the tailing pond, the elevation of the roadway opening is 1490m, the roadway opening is close to a small-sized mine nearby, the roadway is submerged at any time according to the discharge amount of tailings, if the roadway is not permanently plugged, the tailing pond can run with diseases, and once accidents occur, the consequences cannot be assumed. Therefore, the method of the invention is adopted to permanently block the civil mining tunnel, the tailing pond safely runs for 7 years after the block project is implemented, and the block project and the tailing pond facilities run well.
Claims (5)
1. A plugging method of a near-flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of calculating the overall length of the plugging according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a rectangular water-proof wall theoretical calculation method respectively, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plugging; the wedge-shaped calculation method is respectively carried out according to the compression resistance, shearing resistance, permeation resistance and impact cutting resistance conditions:
(1) the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
；
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f (f) c -design value of compressive strength of concrete, MPa; the hydrostatic pressure is designed on the P-sealing wall, and the pressure is MPa;
(2) calculated according to the shear strength:
；
wherein: a. b, the section size of the roadway per meter; f (f) v -concrete design shear strength, MPa;
(3) calculated as permeation resistance conditions:
wherein:K-the permeability coefficient of the concrete, k=0.000015-0.000035, k=0.00002; h is a ab -hydrostatic head height in meters;
(4) calculated according to punching conditions:
；
the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular water-proof wall in the step (A) is to calculate the thickness according to the bonding strength:
wherein:B-closing wall thickness in meters; lambda-overload factor, 1.2; a, roadway width, unit meter; b, roadway height, unit meter; m-working condition coefficient, 1.0; n is the ratio of bonding strength to shear strength, and 0.8 is taken; h, unit pressure acting on the baffle wall, MPa; τ is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material and MPa, and the value is 17% of the compressive strength according to the minimum data of the sprayed concrete test during calculation;
selecting a plugging position, sequentially arranging a support section and an impermeable section at a position of a cave opening (1), and arranging a plugging section in a cave;
firstly adopting sprayed concrete I (21) to support in the support section, then adopting sprayed concrete II (22) and reinforced concrete (6) to support, and arranging composite geotechnical cloth (3) on the support surface, wherein a waterproof board (4) is arranged on the composite geotechnical cloth (3), and the composite geotechnical cloth is fixed through cement shooting nails (5);
fourthly, embedding the seepage-proofing section into a gallery by adopting a reinforced concrete upright closed wall body (7), and performing waterproof treatment (10);
fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete;
sixthly, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls (8) by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure in the plugging section, and performing waterproof treatment (10); the roadway among the wedge-shaped closed walls (8) is embedded into the periphery of a rock mass by using the abandoned steel rail as a lacing wire, and the anti-skid piles (9) are formed after concrete filling.
2. The plugging method of the near-flooding civil mining roadway of the tailing pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the length of the support section and the seepage-proofing section in the step is 2/5 of the total plugging length.
3. The plugging method of the near-flooding civil mining roadway of the tailing pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the length of the plugging section in the step is 3/5 of the total plugging length.
4. The plugging method of the near-flooding civil mining roadway of the tailing pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the step (3) is characterized in that the composite geotextile (3) is composed of geotextile, HDPE geomembrane and geotextile.
5. The plugging method of the near-flooding civil mining roadway of the tailing pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the waterproof treatment (10) in the step (ii) and the step (iii) is to plug with water glass and cement, wherein the mixing amount of the water glass is 2.5% of the using amount of the cement.
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| CN202111446777.7A CN114215558B (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Plugging method for near-flooding civil mining tunnel of tailing pond |
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