CN114209274A - Method for predicting Chinese reading disorder through visual efficiency - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting Chinese reading disorder through visual efficiency, which comprises the following steps: establishing a reading disorder checking system for Chinese learning and vision correlation; analyzing the vision function parameters of the children with reading disorder, positioning key factors of the reading disorder related to vision, and completing the rapid screening of the reading disorder related to vision; checking vision, refractive status and accommodation function, vergence function, eye deviation and eye movement function; analyzing the visual information processing capacity and visual motion integration; and formulating a quick screening process to obtain screening information. The invention originally takes the eye position, the adjustment flexibility and the DEM test which are related to the reading disorder and have high weight as the detection information of the reading disorder quick screening method, combines the accuracy and the detection difficulty, and is suitable for large-scale screening and testing of children.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of technology, and particularly relates to a method for predicting Chinese reading disorder through visual efficiency.
Background
Reading is one of the main ways for school-age children to gain knowledge and learn the world. Dyslexia mainly refers to the difficulty in identifying, reading, understanding, etc. reading materials for a patient due to various reasons. The method is divided into two categories of developmental reading disorder and acquired reading disorder, wherein the acquired reading disorder usually causes low reading ability due to acquired diseases or brain injuries, and is easy to identify. For children with developing reading disorder, the method does not have the defects of intelligence, brain injury, mutual interference of multicultural coexistence and education opportunities.
Due to the influence of some complex genetic and environmental factors, there is usually a great difference between the academic performance and the performance in terms of daily wisdom of reading disorder patients. Once a child has reading disorder, the behavior, cognition, emotion, social adaptation and other aspects of the child are affected, so that the acquisition of knowledge and the improvement of the ability of the child are seriously hindered, and the learning performance and the ability of the child to ascertain the world are affected. The developmental reading disorder is considered as a neurocognitive defect, and the family aggregation research and the twin-student research find that the language disorder has obvious family aggregation and is divided into a plurality of subtypes according to the specific expression form, but the developmental reading disorder is mainly based on the processing defect of voice information (language semantic information processing), the processing defect of rapid hearing (voice auditory information processing) and the processing defect of visual processing information (character visual form processing); children who experience reading failure often have behavior, society, academic and physical difficulties, so that the mental health of the children is problematic, even more serious mental diseases can develop, if timely intervention training is not available, the children are not good for personal health growth, the work of adults and the employment and learning achievement are greatly influenced, and the children can have serious influence on families and society.
Therefore, the visual performance of the visual information processing type children developmental reading disorder is researched in the field of vision, susceptible groups of the children developmental reading disorder are screened out, and the social significance is greater for providing theoretical basis and practical basis for early prevention and intervention and even psychological behavior correction of the susceptible groups.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is provided for solving the problems in the prior art, and aims to provide a method for predicting Chinese reading disorder through visual efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for predicting Chinese reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises the following steps:
establishing a vision-related reading disorder checking system for Chinese learning
Establishing a checking system for the literacy quantity of the children;
ii, establishing a screening condition of the child literacy quantity checking system;
iii, performing a joint Richter language reasoning test;
iv, processing the reasoning test result;
v, determining the children with reading disorder related to vision;
analyzing the vision function parameters of the children with reading disorder, positioning the key factors of the reading disorder relevant to the vision, and completing the rapid screening of the reading disorder relevant to the vision
a. Checking vision, refractive status, dominant eye and accommodation function, vergence function, eye position check, eye position deviation and eye movement;
b. analyzing the capabilities of visual information processing capability, visual motion integration and the like;
c. and (4) formulating a rapid screening method of the reading disorder related to vision to obtain screening information.
Further, the specific process of the visual test in step a is as follows:
the vision test uses a high contrast standard logarithmic visual chart for examination, and adopts a 5-division recording method: VA =5-log α, where visual target increment: the arrangement of the optotypes is 10 times different for every 10 lines, i.e. 100.1The increasing rate of each visual target is strictly recorded in a geometric series according to the increasing rate by adopting a 5-minute recording method. The difference of records is 0.1 when more than 3.0 visual targets are added by 1 line, the visual targets are arranged in an arithmetic progression, and each line of visual targets is simultaneously attached with a corresponding decimal record value;
during examination, the examinee wears the glasses which the examinee is accustomed to wear during learning, the vision of the examinee does not need to be corrected to 1.0, the standard examination distance of the hyperopia chart is regulated to be 5m, and the surface needs to be clean and flat; the height of the visual chart is based on the height of the mark with 5.0 vision on the chart and the height of the eye to be checked;
the inspection environment has proper, uniform and constant illumination intensity of 400-1000 Lux, and light rays irradiated from the side and light rays directly irradiated to the eyes of the person to be inspected are avoided, so that inaccurate inspection results are avoided.
Further, the specific procedure of the refraction examination in the step a is as follows:
and (3) respectively carrying out computer optometry automatic measurement mode on the eyes of the tested child by using a computer optometry instrument, respectively measuring the eyes for 3 times, and finally averaging and recording.
Furthermore, the step a further comprises a pilot eye test, and the process is as follows:
firstly, a person to be examined adopts a sitting posture, and the arms of both hands are stretched to place the paper board with holes in front of both eyes;
then, the examinee is asked to observe the largest "E" on the eye chart through the hole in the middle with both eyes,
then, the subject closes the left eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, closes the right eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, and does so four times.
Furthermore, in the test of the main guide eye, if more than three times of the test are seen by the right eye, the main guide eye is the right eye; if the left eye is seen for more than three times, the main guide eye is the left eye; if the two times are left eyes and the two times are right eyes, the eyes are alternative leading eyes; if the left and right eyes cannot see the four times, the subject has no leading eye.
Further, the step b includes a close-range adjustment flexibility check, which specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, the optotype of the short-distance reading optometer card 20/30 is placed 40cm in front of the eye, and the examinee watches the optotype clearly;
then, the examiner places the +2.00DS sphere lens in front of the eye of the examinee, the examinee can see the visual target to be blurred, and the visual target is to be reported clearly;
then, the examiner places the prism of-2.00 DS in front of the eyes, and the examinee will see the visual target and then change the visual target into a fuzzy report;
thereafter, the examiner repositions the +2.00DS scope in front of the eye.
Furthermore, one cycle of +2.00/-2.00DS is calculated in the near distance adjustment flexibility examination, and the number of times of the adjustment and the relaxation adjustment of the eyes in the unit time of the detected person can be measured by recording several cycles within 1 min.
Further, the step b includes DEM checking, which specifically includes the following steps:
the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards, wherein the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards;
the test is carried out in a quiet classroom, and the A, B, C card test can be carried out only after the testee passes the pre-test;
wherein, the A card and the B card are 2 columns of numbers arranged longitudinally, the C card is a number arranged transversely,
in the test process, the A card and the B card require a detected person to read numbers in a loud way in sequence in a vertical direction, the C card requires the detected person to read numbers in a loud way in a horizontal direction, and the inspector records longitudinal time, transverse time, error number and type according to actual conditions;
the longitudinal time is the sum of the time for reading the A card and the B card, and the transverse time is the time for reading the C card.
Furthermore, the error types of the subject include reading error, missing error, increasing error and transposition error, because the missing error and the increasing error affect the reading time, if the above 2 types of errors occur simultaneously, time adjustment needs to be performed according to the following formula, the total number of errors is the sum of all error numbers, and the transverse correction time = transverse original time × 80/(80-missing error number + increasing error number); horizontal to vertical time ratio = horizontal time/vertical time.
Furthermore, the rapid screening method for the reading disorder related to the vision formulated in the step c comprises eye position inspection, adjustment flexibility inspection and DEM test, wherein the eye position inspection, the adjustment flexibility and the DEM test in the rapid screening method for the reading disorder can be used for screening children in a large scale, screening children and risk factors possibly having the reading disorder, and then carrying out subsequent inspection.
The invention drops the feet of the Chinese reading disorder to the reading amount of the children, eliminates the intelligence problem by using the combined Rui text test, thereby obtaining the reading disorder children without interference factors, and divides the reading disorder children into a test group and a comparison group to judge the visual factors related to the reading disorder.
The invention originally takes the eye position, the adjustment flexibility and the DEM test which are related to the reading disorder and have high weight as the detection information of the reading disorder quick screening method, combines the accuracy and the detection difficulty, is suitable for large-scale screening and detection of children, and simultaneously takes other visual factors as follow-up factors.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples:
a method for predicting Chinese reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises the following steps:
establishing a vision-related reading disorder checking system for Chinese learning
Establishing a checking system for the literacy quantity of the children;
ii, establishing a screening condition of the child literacy quantity checking system;
iii, performing a joint Richter language reasoning test;
iv, processing the reasoning test result;
v, determining the children with reading disorder related to vision;
analyzing the vision function parameters of the children with reading disorder, positioning the key factors of the reading disorder relevant to the vision, and completing the rapid screening of the reading disorder relevant to the vision
a. Checking vision, refractive status, dominant eye and accommodation function, vergence function, eye position check, eye position deviation and eye movement;
b. analyzing the capabilities of visual information processing capability, visual motion integration and the like;
c. and (4) formulating a rapid screening method of the reading disorder related to vision to obtain screening information.
In the process of analyzing the visual function parameters of the children with reading disorders, positioning key factors of the reading disorders related to vision and completing the rapid screening of the reading disorders related to vision, the children with reading disorders are determined based on the determined children with reading disorders, a grouping form is adopted in the process of the rapid screening of the reading disorders, the key factors of the rapid screening method of the reading disorders are determined and listed in the rapid screening process of the reading disorders, and the other items are listed in the subsequent items.
The groups are divided into a test group and a control group, and the test group and the control group are used for analyzing the visual efficiency and the visual information processing capability.
The corresponding test group and the control group only have one detection factor which is different, so that the weight of the detection factor is obtained, and the factor with high weight is used as the key factor of the rapid screening method for the reading disorder.
Further, the specific process of the visual test in step a is as follows:
the vision test uses a high contrast standard logarithmic visual chart for examination, and adopts a 5-division recording method: VA =5-log α, where visual target increment: the arrangement of the optotypes is 10 times different for every 10 lines, i.e. 100.1The increasing rate of each visual target is strictly recorded in a geometric series according to the increasing rate by adopting a 5-minute recording method. The difference of records is 0.1 when more than 3.0 visual targets are added by 1 line, the visual targets are arranged in an arithmetic progression, and each line of visual targets is simultaneously attached with a corresponding decimal record value;
during examination, the examinee wears the glasses which the examinee is accustomed to wear during learning, the vision of the examinee does not need to be corrected to 1.0, the standard examination distance of the hyperopia chart is regulated to be 5m, and the surface needs to be clean and flat; the height of the visual chart is based on the height of the mark with 5.0 vision on the chart and the height of the eye to be checked;
the inspection environment has proper, uniform and constant illumination intensity of 400-1000 Lux, and light rays irradiated from the side and light rays directly irradiated to the eyes of the person to be inspected are avoided, so that inaccurate inspection results are avoided.
Specifically, during examination, two eyes are examined respectively, namely the right eye is examined first and then the left eye is examined. When looking at one eye, the other eye is completely covered by the shielding plate without pressing the eyeball.
The examinee points out the opening direction of the E-shaped sighting target from top to bottom, the examinee is encouraged to guess the opening direction of the sighting target to the utmost extent, the best vision of the examinee is searched, and the minimum line of vision reading which can be clearly seen is recorded, namely the distance vision of the eye.
If the number of clearly seen marks is more than the number of poorly seen marks, the vision reading of the row is taken as the distance vision of the tested eye, and the number of poorly seen marks is subtracted, otherwise, the previous row is taken as the distance vision of the tested eye, and the number of clearly seen marks of the next row is added.
For example: the recording format was done in 5-point format, with 5.0+2 if the patient can see 5.0 total and 5.1 can see 2; conversely, if 2 of the 5.0 lines are not visible, the record is 5.0-2.
The specific procedure for the refractive examination in step a is as follows:
and (3) respectively carrying out computer optometry automatic measurement mode on the eyes of the tested child by using a computer optometry instrument, respectively measuring the eyes for 3 times, and finally averaging and recording.
The computer optometry unit may be, but is not limited to, a NIDEK ARK-510A test system.
Step a also includes a pilot eye test, and the process is as follows:
firstly, a person to be examined adopts a sitting posture, and the arms of both hands are stretched to place the paper board with holes in front of both eyes;
then, the examinee is asked to observe the largest "E" on the eye chart through the hole in the middle with both eyes,
then, the subject closes the left eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, closes the right eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, and does so four times.
In the main guide eye test, if more than three times of the main guide eye test result are seen by the right eye, the main guide eye is the right eye; if the left eye is seen for more than three times, the main guide eye is the left eye; if the two times are left eyes and the two times are right eyes, the eyes are alternative leading eyes; if the left and right eyes cannot see the four times, the subject has no leading eye.
The step b comprises a close range adjustment flexibility check, and the process is as follows:
firstly, the optotype of the short-distance reading optometer card 20/30 is placed 40cm in front of the eye, and the examinee watches the optotype clearly;
then, the examiner places the +2.00DS sphere lens in front of the eye of the examinee, the examinee can see the visual target to be blurred, and the visual target is to be reported clearly;
then, the examiner places the prism of-2.00 DS in front of the eyes, and the examinee will see the visual target and then change the visual target into a fuzzy report;
thereafter, the examiner repositions the +2.00DS scope in front of the eye.
One cycle of +2.00/-2.00DS is calculated in the short-distance adjustment flexibility examination, several cycles can be carried out within 1min, and the times of the adjustment and relaxation of the eyes of the examinee in unit time are measured.
The step b comprises DEM checking, and the process is as follows:
the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards, wherein the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards;
the test is carried out in a quiet classroom, and the A, B, C card test can be carried out only after the testee passes the pre-test;
wherein, the A card and the B card are 2 columns of numbers arranged longitudinally, the C card is a number arranged transversely,
in the test process, the A card and the B card require a detected person to read numbers in a loud way in sequence in a vertical direction, the C card requires the detected person to read numbers in a loud way in a horizontal direction, and the inspector records longitudinal time, transverse time, error number and type according to actual conditions;
the longitudinal time is the sum of the time for reading the A card and the B card, and the transverse time is the time for reading the C card.
The error types of the detected person comprise reading errors, missing errors, increasing errors and transposition errors, the reading time is influenced by the missing errors and the increasing errors, if the errors of the 2 types occur simultaneously, time adjustment is needed according to the following formula, the total number of the errors is the sum of all the error numbers, and the transverse correction time = transverse original time multiplied by 80/(80-missing error number + increasing error number); horizontal to vertical time ratio = horizontal time/vertical time.
And c, formulating a vision-related reading disorder quick screening method comprising eye position inspection, flexibility adjustment rule inspection and DEM test, wherein the eye position inspection, the flexibility adjustment rule inspection and the DEM test in the reading disorder quick screening method can be used for screening children in a large scale, screening children and risk factors which may cause reading disorders, and then carrying out subsequent inspection.
The step b also comprises a Worth4 point check, and the specific process is as follows:
firstly, the examinee takes a sitting posture, wears glasses which are used to wear in a learning process, and then wears red-green glasses, a right-eye red film and a left-eye green film.
Then, a Worth4 hole lamp was placed at a close distance of 40cm in front of the eye with the white point at the bottom, and the phenomenon was confirmed to be seen with the subject by blocking one eye: the right eye sees two dots of red, the left eye sees three dots of green; the eyes are then simultaneously fixated, reporting the observed phenomenon.
Finally, see two red dots recorded as 2; see three green dots as 3, four dots as 4, and 5 if 5 dots are seen; subjects who seen 4 spots were the study subjects.
Step a also includes stereoscopic inspection, and the specific process is as follows:
using the Titmus stereoscopic chart, a close-range stereoscopic examination is performed.
The left side is mainly observed to have 9 patterns with circles, one circle in each group of figures floats upwards, and the three-dimensional representations respectively represented in sequence are 800 '400' 200 '140' 100 '80' 60 'and 40'. The subject wears polarized glasses and places the test chart essentially at a reading distance of 40cm in front of the eye, under normal natural illumination, to find the upwardly floating circles in each set of charts from the first chart.
The stereoscopic vision value represented by two figures which can be correctly identified by the person to be detected before the two figures are continuously identified incorrectly is recorded.
Step a, the eye position examination also comprises the oblique position examination, and the specific process is as follows:
firstly, a person to be examined sits in front of a desk and wears the conventional glasses to observe a distant pen lamp;
then, the MADDOX rod inclinometer tester is used to be placed in front of the right eye, and the Ma rod is horizontally placed at the moment; placing a cryptoclinometer on a zero scale, confirming whether a particularly red and bright vertical thin line is seen through a Ma rod, observing the position relation between a vertical line and a point, and at the moment, observing one of three conditions that the point is on the left side of a line, the point is on the right side of the line and the point is on the line;
then, a prism knob on the inclinometer is pulled until the point is coincided with the line to measure the horizontal eye position of the detected person, the prism degree is recorded, the inward inclination is recorded as + and the outward inclination is recorded as-; the positive bit is recorded as "0". However, the device is not suitable for use in a kitchen
Then, vertically placing a Markov rod of an inclinometer inspection instrument, placing the inclinometer on zero scale, confirming whether a particularly red and bright horizontal thin line is seen through the Markov rod, observing the position relation between a horizontal line and a point, shifting a prism knob on the inclinometer until the point is coincided with the line, and recording the prism degree again for the vertical eye position of the detected person. The eye position is checked at a close distance in the same manner.
Step a, eye position examination also comprises far and near convergence and divergence force examination, and the far and near convergence and divergence force examination comprises horizontal convergence and divergence force examination and vertical convergence and divergence force examination.
The horizontal convergence and divergence force inspection comprises the following specific processes:
the horizontal vergence and scattering power examination comprises horizontal abduction capacity determination and horizontal aggregation capacity determination
Determination of horizontal abduction Capacity
Firstly, wearing a pair of habitual eye glasses, vertically placing a myopia sighting target of Gulden fixation 20/30 at 40cm in front of an eye, adding a BI (base inward) triangular prism in front of the right eye, inquiring whether the sighting target is clear and single or not, then gradually increasing the amount of the BI prism, and instructing the examinee to see that the sighting target is fuzzy or changed into two, and reporting in time;
then, slightly enlarging the BI prism to separate the two seen images more greatly; then the BI prism power is reduced until the two images are combined into one;
the prism power at which the blur/break/recovery points occurred at BI was recorded separately.
Level aggregation competence assay:
firstly, wearing habitual eye glasses, namely, vertically arranging a myopia visual target of Gulden fixation 20/30 at a position 40cm in front of an eye, adding a BO (base outward) triangular prism string lens in front of the right eye, inquiring whether the visual target is clear and single or not for a subject, then gradually increasing the amount of BO prisms, and instructing the subject to see that the visual target is fuzzy or to change into two visual targets, wherein the visual target is required to be reported in time;
then, the BO prism is slightly enlarged to separate two seen images greatly; then the BO prism power is reduced until the two images are seen to be combined into one;
prism power at which blur/break/recovery points occurred at BO was recorded separately.
The vertical convergence and divergence force inspection comprises the following specific processes:
firstly, wearing habitual eye glasses, horizontally placing a myopia sighting target of Gulden fixation 20/30 at 40cm in front of an eye, adding a triangular prism string lens of a BD (base down) in front of a right eye, inquiring a subject to see whether the sighting target is clear and single, then gradually increasing the amount of the BD prism in front of the right eye, and ordering the subject to see that the sighting target is changed into two, and reporting in time;
then, the BD prism is slightly enlarged to enable the two seen images to be separated greatly; then, the BD prism power is reduced until two seen images are combined into one image;
the prism power at which the breaking point/recovery point occurred when BD was recorded, respectively.
And (3) removing the prism Bar, enabling the examinee to watch the visual target clearly and singly, implanting a BU prism in front of the right eye, repeating the measurement just before, and recording the prism degree when the rupture point/recovery point appears in the BU of the right eye.
Step a, in the vision test, NPA and NPC examination is also included, and the specific process is as follows:
a visual target of Gulden diagnosis stick20/30 is adopted and is leveled up at the height of two eyes, the eyes of a detected person fix the visual target and keep the visual target clear, the visual target gradually moves from 40cm to the detected person, and the distance between the visual target and the eyes is recorded when the detected person reports that the visual target observed has double images. Or recording the distance between the visual target and the eye at the moment when the outward rotation of one eye of the detected person is observed.
Step a, in the vision test, the flexibility test of the distance and distance set comprises the following specific processes:
0.1 visual target of the remote visual chart lamp box, wherein the inspector places a BI (base inward) prism in front of eyes of the examinee, the examinee changes the visual targets into two visual targets, and the visual targets to be detected become a report;
then the examiner places the BO (base outward) prism in front of the eyes, the examinee changes the visual targets into two, and reports when the visual targets change into one, and then the examiner places the BI (base outward) prism in front of the eyes again; and (3) calculating one cycle by BI/BO once, recording several cycles within 1min, and measuring the times of eye aggregation and eye scattering in unit time of the detected person.
The near vision optotype of Gulden diagnosis stick20/30 was placed vertically in front of the eye 40cm at a short distance, and the number of times the eye was gathered and scattered per unit time at a short distance of the subject was measured in the same manner as described above.
Similarly, the deterioration of the visual information processing ability affects the cognitive ability, which also results in the deterioration of the reading ability, and the examination of the visual information processing ability includes: visual-graphic perception examination and VMI (Visual-Motion integration Visual Motion integration) determination were performed using TVPS.
The visual graphic perception examination by using the TVPS comprises visual graphic perception examination, visual memory determination, visual spatial relationship, visual graphic constancy, visual sequence memory, graphic background task and visual graphic closing task.
When three errors occurred consecutively in the measurement, the examination was stopped, 1 point was recognized as a correct record per picture, and a score for each task was calculated as an initial score. According to the initial value, a standard value is searched for corresponding to the age and the gender.
Visual pattern perception inspection is to select the same pattern as above from the group of patterns below, based on the pattern above.
Visual memory determination, i.e. two sets of graphics on two pages, look at the left graphic first, turn to the right graphic after 3 seconds, select the same picture as the left one.
The visual spatial relationship finds a different graphic from the other graphics from the set of graphics.
Visual pattern constancy from the upper pattern, the lower one finds the same shape regardless of its size.
And (4) visual sequence memory, namely two groups of graphs are arranged on two pages, the left graph is seen firstly, the right graph is turned over after 3 seconds, and the pictures in the same sequence as the left graph are selected.
The VMI (Visual-Motion integration) measurement includes two parts, namely a practice manual and a scribbler book, and a subject draws corresponding figures in a lower box according to the figures.
Step i, establishing a checking system for the literacy quantity of the children, wherein the specific process is as follows:
and testing the quantity of the Chinese characters recognized by the pupils. The number of the characters to be learned is 10, at most 33 characters, at least 6 characters and different numbers in each group, and the difficulty of learning is increased progressively according to the groups.
In the literacy testing, the pupils are required to group words of each Chinese character in the sequence from front to back. And correctly completing word group to obtain 1 score, multiplying each group of difficulty coefficients, and adding the obtained product with the basic score to obtain the total literacy amount score of the detected person.
The test time was 50 min. After the examination, the patient is rested for 15min and then the next examination is carried out.
Step ii, formulating the screening conditions of the children literacy quantity checking system, which are as follows:
the literacy quantity is less than 1 standard deviation of the average literacy quantity of the students in the school, wherein the average literacy quantity of the students in the school is calculated by an average value.
Step iii, performing a joint Richter reasoning test, which is as follows:
the test eliminates the influence of language factors by adopting combined Revin reasoning, mainly measures the nonverbal reasoning ability of a testee and provides a certain basis for the intelligence level measurement of children.
Step iv, the reasoning test result is processed;
and converting the test score according to the conversion of the normal model score of the child of 5-16 years old to obtain the Revin intelligence of the subject.
The screening condition is that the Revin intelligence standard score is more than 90.
Step vii, determining the children with reading disorder related to vision, wherein except that the literacy amount is 1 standard deviation smaller than the average literacy amount of the students in the school, and the Reye intelligence standard score is larger than 90, the children need to meet the conditions that the habitual eye vision is larger than or equal to 4.8, have no eye diseases, have no organic lesions in the eyes, have no strabismus and have no vision training history; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is absent; there was no surgical history of the eyes and brain.
In the reading and learning process, the user needs good visual efficiency to participate in the reading and learning process, the watching target can be kept clear and single, the visual information processing can be interfered due to the binocular visual function abnormality, the visual efficiency and the binocular coordination are further influenced, and the reading ability is damaged. Meanwhile, the cognitive ability is affected by the low ability of processing visual information, which also results in the reduction of reading ability.
According to the invention, by comparing the visual efficiency and the visual information processing capacity of the test group and the control group, the binocular adjustment flexibility of the children in the test group is reduced, the binocular close-distance horizontal eye position is larger, meanwhile, the longitudinal time and the transverse correction time of the control group are also shorter in the DEM test value, and the error probability is lower during reading. The children with reading disorder have the defects of reading fluency due to the difficulty of an internal language monitoring system and the movement language programming, and mainly show poor reading accuracy and slow reading. In the research of German dyslexia children, the slow reading speed of the dyslexia children is related to the larger saccade times, the poor saccade capability leads to the increase of the reading time, so that the transverse time of the DEM test is increased, and the test value of the DEM has negative correlation with the reading capability.
According to the invention, the binocular adjustment flexibility is reduced, the binocular near-distance horizontal eye position is larger, the DEM test value result is abnormal, and the visual factors can be the reasons for reducing the visual efficiency of the children with Chinese developmental reading disorder.
The literacy quantity examination in the invention is relatively complex, needs long examination time and needs appraising. The eye position checking and adjusting flexibility and the DEM test are simple, and when the reading disorder is screened in a large scale, the children can be screened in a large scale by using the eye position checking and adjusting flexibility and the DEM test, the children and the risk factors which possibly have the reading disorder are screened, and then the subsequent checking is carried out to further check the reading disorder.
The invention drops the feet of the Chinese reading disorder to the reading amount of the children, eliminates the intelligence problem by using the combined Rui text test, thereby obtaining the reading disorder children without interference factors, and divides the reading disorder children into a test group and a comparison group to judge the visual factors related to the reading disorder.
The invention originally takes the eye position, the adjustment flexibility and the DEM test which are related to the reading disorder and have high weight as the detection information of the reading disorder quick screening method, combines the accuracy and the detection difficulty, is suitable for large-scale screening and detection of children, and simultaneously takes other visual factors as follow-up factors.
Claims (10)
1. A method for predicting Chinese reading disorder by visual efficiency is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a vision-related reading disorder checking system for Chinese learning
Establishing a checking system for the literacy quantity of the children;
(ii) formulating the screening condition of the children literacy quantity checking system;
(iii) performing a joint Rich inference test;
(iv) processing the reasoning test result;
(v) determining a vision-related dyslexia child;
analyzing the vision function parameters of the children with reading disorder, positioning the key factors of the reading disorder relevant to the vision, and completing the rapid screening of the reading disorder relevant to the vision
(a) Checking vision, refractive status, dominant eye and accommodation function, vergence function, eye position check, eye position deviation and eye movement;
(b) analyzing the visual information processing capacity and the visual motion integration capacity;
(c) and (4) formulating a rapid screening method of the reading disorder related to vision to obtain screening information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the specific process of the visual test in the step (a) is as follows:
the vision test uses a high contrast standard logarithmic visual chart for examination, and adopts a 5-division recording method: VA =5-log α, where visual target increment: the arrangement of the optotypes is 10 times different for every 10 lines, i.e. 100.1The increasing rate of each line of visual target is strictly recorded in a geometric series according to the increasing rate by adopting a 5-minute recording method, the recording difference of 0.1 is increased for each more than 3.0 visual targets by 1 line, the visual targets are arranged in an arithmetic series, and each line of visual targets is simultaneously attached with a corresponding decimal recorded value;
during examination, the examinee wears the glasses which the examinee is accustomed to wear during learning, the vision of the examinee does not need to be corrected to 1.0, the standard examination distance of the hyperopia chart is regulated to be 5m, and the surface needs to be clean and flat; the height of the visual chart is based on the height of the mark with 5.0 vision on the chart and the height of the eye to be checked;
the inspection environment has proper, uniform and constant illumination intensity of 400-1000 Lux, and light rays irradiated from the side and light rays directly irradiated to the eyes of the person to be inspected are avoided, so that inaccurate inspection results are avoided.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the specific procedure for the refractive examination in step (a) is as follows:
and (3) respectively carrying out computer optometry automatic measurement mode on the eyes of the tested child by using a computer optometry instrument, respectively measuring the eyes for 3 times, and finally averaging and recording.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the step (a) also comprises a pilot eye test, and the process is as follows:
firstly, a person to be examined adopts a sitting posture, and the arms of both hands are stretched to place the paper board with holes in front of both eyes;
then, the examinee is asked to observe the largest "E" on the eye chart through the hole in the middle with both eyes,
then, the subject closes the left eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, closes the right eye to inquire whether the subject can still see, and does so four times.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency is characterized by: in the main guide eye test, if more than three times of the main guide eye test result are seen by the right eye, the main guide eye is the right eye; if the left eye is seen for more than three times, the main guide eye is the left eye; if the two times are left eyes and the two times are right eyes, the eyes are alternative leading eyes; if the left and right eyes cannot see the four times, the subject has no leading eye.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the step (b) comprises the detection of the flexibility in close range adjustment, and the process is as follows:
firstly, the optotype of the short-distance reading optometer card 20/30 is placed 40cm in front of the eye, and the examinee watches the optotype clearly;
then, the examiner places the +2.00DS sphere lens in front of the eye of the examinee, the examinee can see the visual target to be blurred, and the visual target is to be reported clearly;
then, the examiner places the prism of-2.00 DS in front of the eyes, and the examinee will see the visual target and then change the visual target into a fuzzy report;
thereafter, the examiner repositions the +2.00DS scope in front of the eye.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises: one cycle of +2.00/-2.00DS is calculated in the short-distance adjustment flexibility examination, several cycles can be carried out within 1min, and the times of the adjustment and relaxation of the eyes of the examinee in unit time are measured.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the step (b) comprises DEM checking, and the process is as follows:
the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards, wherein the DEM check comprises 1 prediction card check and 3 check cards;
the test is carried out in a quiet classroom, and the A, B, C card test can be carried out only after the testee passes the pre-test;
wherein, the A card and the B card are 2 columns of numbers arranged longitudinally, the C card is a number arranged transversely,
in the test process, the A card and the B card require a detected person to read numbers in a loud way in sequence in a vertical direction, the C card requires the detected person to read numbers in a loud way in a horizontal direction, and the inspector records longitudinal time, transverse time, error number and type according to actual conditions;
the longitudinal time is the sum of the time for reading the A card and the B card, and the transverse time is the time for reading the C card.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises:
the error types of the detected person comprise reading errors, missing errors, increasing errors and transposition errors, the reading time is influenced by the missing errors and the increasing errors, if the errors of the 2 types occur simultaneously, time adjustment is needed according to the following formula, the total number of the errors is the sum of all the error numbers, and the transverse correction time = transverse original time multiplied by 80/(80-missing error number + increasing error number); horizontal to vertical time ratio = horizontal time/vertical time.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for predicting Chinese language reading disorder by visual efficiency comprises: and (c) formulating a vision-related reading disorder quick screening method which comprises eye position inspection, flexibility adjustment inspection and DEM (digital elevation model) test, wherein the eye position inspection, the flexibility adjustment and the DEM test in the reading disorder quick screening method can be used for screening children in a large scale, screening children and risk factors which possibly have reading disorders, and then carrying out subsequent inspection.
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| CN114795099A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-29 | 天津市九米九视光技术有限公司 | Refractive and visual function checking system and intelligent control method thereof |
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| CN114795099A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-29 | 天津市九米九视光技术有限公司 | Refractive and visual function checking system and intelligent control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220322 |