CN114209057A - Roxburgh rose natural nanoparticles and extraction method and application thereof - Google Patents
Roxburgh rose natural nanoparticles and extraction method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle and an extraction method and application thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: removing the outer peel of fructus Rosae Normalis, vacuum drying at low temperature, squeezing, and crushing to obtain fructus Rosae Normalis juice; centrifuging fructus Rosae Normalis juice, collecting supernatant, and concentrating by low temperature ultrafiltration; performing suction filtration on the concentrated solution by taking a modified graphene fiber membrane modified by quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide as filter paper; taking out the modified graphene fiber membrane, putting the modified graphene fiber membrane into a dialysis bag, performing replacement dialysis in an acid solution, replacing natural rosa roxburghii tratt nanoparticles in the modified graphene fiber membrane, and removing unbound free molecules at the same time; and (4) freezing and drying the dialyzed trapped fluid to obtain the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle. The natural fructus Rosae Normalis nanoparticles can be used in food for inhibiting starch hydrolysis and hypoglycemia. The effective juice yield of the roxburgh rose is over 90 percent, the extraction rate of the roxburgh rose nano particles is over 85 percent, the polyphenol content is over 5 percent, and the inhibition rate of the starch hydrolase is over 80 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nanoparticles, in particular to natural roxburgh rose nanoparticles and an extraction method and application thereof.
Background
Rosa roxburghi Tratt (Roxburgh, Rosa Roxburghii Tratt), also called reeling silk flower, needle mushroom, mountain Rosa Roxburghii, etc., is a unique fruit in China, and the fruit is oblate or conical, thin spindle-shaped, and 2-4 cm in diameter. The surface was yellowish brown, densely needled, and had brown spots. The roxburgh rose is wild or cultivated in Shaanxi, Gansu, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces of China, and has high nutritional value and medicinal value. The vitamin C contained in the pulp of the roxburgh rose is far higher than that of other fruits, the content of polyphenol substances in the roxburgh rose is rich, the roxburgh rose has relatively good inhibition effect on starch hydrolase such as alpha-amylase and alpha-glycosidase, and the effect of inhibiting starch digestion is expected to be achieved. However, the traditional roxburgh rose juice has low juice yield due to the limited extraction process, low concentration of target action substances in the product, easy inactivation of active ingredients in the processing process and other objective problems, the amylase inhibition effect is not obvious, and the traditional roxburgh rose juice serving as a complex dispersion system is difficult to achieve the specific and efficient functional effect.
Nanomaterials such as liposomes, hydrogels, microemulsions, etc. are widely used in various fields due to their great advantages of nano-size. Nanoparticles have been shown to carry biologically active substances, redefining the bioacessability, bioavailability and function of the active ingredient. The inventor discovers that natural nanoparticles (RNPs) exist in the roxburgh rose juice for the first time, and discovers that active ingredients such as polyphenol are effectively combined in the RNPs, compared with free polyphenol, the roxburgh rose juice has more reaction collisions and reaction rates with a target substrate due to the characteristic of the specific surface area of a nanostructure, so that the roxburgh rose juice has a more remarkable hydrolase inhibition effect. However, the extraction of such natural nanoparticles still presents several problems for researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the blank of extraction and separation of natural nanoparticles in roxburgh rose in the prior art, the inventor develops a full-process extraction technology of juicing after vacuum drying, specific adsorption of RNPs by using a quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide modified graphene membrane and replacement dialysis. The inventor found that RNPs contain components such as polyphenol, etc., and can form coordinate bonds with metal ions to be adsorbed and combined, but metal ions such as calcium ions and magnesium ions are easy to react with impure proteins in the Rosa roxburghii juice or induce the protein denaturation and precipitation of RNPs. The quaternary ammonium salt is a compound generated by replacing four hydrogen atoms in ammonium ions with alkyl, has weaker electrification property than strong cations, is easy to generate coordinate bonds and electrostatic interaction with RNPs with polyphenol groups, and is more strongly bonded with the polyphenol groups compared with hetero-proteins and polysaccharides, thereby effectively separating the RNPs from hetero-molecules. Therefore, the inventor develops a graphene fiber membrane based on compound quaternary ammonium salt modification, which forms specific enrichment and separation of RNPs and simultaneously removes free impurity molecules. In addition, the RNPs enriched on the modified membrane are subjected to replacement dialysis by acid radical buffer solution to obtain free RNPs, remove unbound polyphenol molecules, realize polyphenol, and realize high extraction rate of RNPs and effective inclusion rate of polyphenol.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting natural nanoparticles of Rosa roxburghii comprises the following steps:
and 5, freezing and drying the dialysis trapped fluid to obtain the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle.
Preferably, the process parameters of crushing after vacuum low-temperature drying in the step 1 are as follows: the vacuum degree is-0.05 to-0.2 Mpa, the temperature is-30 to-4 ℃, and the drying treatment is carried out for 0.5 to 3 hours.
Preferably, during the centrifugal treatment in the step 2, the centrifugal rotating speed is 5000-12000 r/min, the centrifugal time is 15-30 min, and the centrifugal temperature is-10 ℃.
Preferably, the molecular weight cut-off of the low-temperature ultrafiltration concentration in the step 2 is 10-100 KDa, the temperature is-20-4 ℃, and the time is 15-60 min.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified graphene fiber membrane modified by quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide in the step 3 comprises the following steps: immersing the graphene fiber membrane into a solution containing graphene oxide, and continuously stirring to enable the graphene oxide to be adsorbed on the graphene fiber membrane; and adding the graphene fiber membrane adsorbed by the graphene oxide into a water solution containing quaternary ammonium salt, heating and stirring, taking out after the stirring, cleaning with ethanol, removing unreacted graphene oxide and quaternary ammonium salt, and performing microwave drying twice to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt modified graphene fiber membrane.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the graphene oxide solution is 1-10%, and the mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt type is one or more of 6-22 carbon atoms.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt is a compound quaternary ammonium salt, and the compound quaternary ammonium salt is composed of hexaalkyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride in a ratio of 3:1: 1.
Preferably, the microwave is performed twice in step 3, wherein the first microwave power is 200W for 5min, and the second microwave power is 700W for 1 min.
Preferably, the average pore diameter of the modified graphene fiber membrane modified by the quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide in the step 3 is 1-5 μm.
Preferably, the suction filtration speed in the step 3 is 1-20 mL/min.
Preferably, the diameter of the dialysis bag in the step 4 is 8-14 KDa, and the dialysis is carried out for 8-24 h.
The invention also provides the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle extracted by the extraction method.
The natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle can be applied to foods for inhibiting starch hydrolysis and digestion and hypoglycemia.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at the problems of thick and solid roxburgh rose peel, hard tissue, difficult dissolution of juice and natural nanoparticles in the juice and the like, the inventor effectively combines the vacuum low-temperature drying and crushing technology, and is easier to extrude cell walls and release the juice and the natural nanoparticles in the juice under the condition of crushing the peel and pulp tissue, thereby realizing the high dissolution rate of RNPs. The effective juice yield of the roxburgh rose of the invention is over 90 percent.
RNPs are complex structures having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, and the hydrophobicity of the adsorbent is considered more for separating RNPs in the aqueous phase. The invention selects quaternary ammonium salt with hydrophobic property and electrostatic interaction to effectively adsorb the quaternary ammonium salt. Graphene oxide is an oxidized derivative of graphene, having surfactant-like hydrophilic and hydrophobic amphiphilicity. The hydrophobic property of the graphene oxide is combined with the quaternary ammonium salt, and the graphene fiber membrane is modified to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt-graphene fiber membrane, so that the extraction rate is high, the speed is high, and the operation is convenient. The extraction rate of the roxburgh rose nanoparticle exceeds 85 percent, the polyphenol content is higher than 5 percent, and the high yield of RNPs and the high content of polyphenol are realized.
Compared with a chemical method (such as alcohol sedimentation and PEG treatment), the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle disclosed by the invention is more compatible to components, can retain the original nanometer characteristics to a greater extent, effectively combines roxburgh rose polyphenol, and has an ideal inhibition effect on starch hydrolase, and the inhibition rate of the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle disclosed by the invention on the starch hydrolase exceeds 80%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 TEM micrograph of natural nanoparticles of Rosa roxburghii
FIG. 2 influence of quaternary ammonium salt dosage on extraction rate of natural nanoparticles of Rosa roxburghii Tratt
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the inhibition curves of RNPs and pure polyphenols on the enzyme activity of alpha-amylase at different concentrations (the upper line is the action curve of RNPs, and the lower line is the action curve of pure polyphenols)
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the inhibition curves of RNPs and pure polyphenols on the enzyme activity of alpha-glucosidase at different concentrations (the upper line is the action curve of RNPs, and the lower line is the action curve of pure polyphenols).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1:
removing the outer peel of the roxburgh rose, drying and squeezing the pulp part at low temperature in vacuum, crushing, wherein the vacuum degree is-0.05 to-0.2 Mpa, the temperature is-20 ℃, and drying treatment is carried out for 0.5 to 3 hours.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the vacuum low-temperature pressing or the vacuum normal-temperature pressing or the normal-temperature pressing is adopted for the pulp part.
TABLE 1 influence of different squeezing modes on the juicing rate of Rosa roxburghii Tratt
In order to achieve the purposes of increasing juice yield and protecting active ingredients, the inventor adopts a combined technology of vacuum low-temperature drying and squeezing, obtains the roxburgh rose juice through different technologies on the basis of measuring the total water content of the roxburgh rose to be 70 percent, and obtains the effective juice yield of the roxburgh rose by comparing the roxburgh rose juice with the total water content of the roxburgh rose. As shown in table 1, the vacuum low temperature drying and squeezing technique obtained much higher level of the roxburgh rose juice than the comparative technique, which indicates that the technique effectively combines and plays an important role.
Example 2:
the modified graphene fiber membrane modified by quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide comprises the following steps: immersing the graphene fiber membrane into a solution containing graphene oxide, and continuously stirring to enable the graphene oxide to be fully adsorbed on the fiber membrane; adding the graphene fiber membrane adsorbed by the graphene oxide into a composite quaternary ammonium salt aqueous solution (mixing hexaalkyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride according to a ratio of 3:1:1, adding the mixture into water for dissolving), heating and stirring, taking out, cleaning with ethanol, removing unreacted graphene oxide and quaternary ammonium salt, and performing microwave drying twice to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt modified graphene fiber membrane.
The mass fraction of the graphene oxide solution is 1-10%, and the mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%.
Wherein the first microwave power is 200W and the time is 5min, and the second microwave power is 700W and the time is 1 min.
The graphene fiber membrane is a commercially available graphene fiber membrane.
Table 2 effect of graphene oxide on modified membrane pore size
TABLE 3 Effect of microwave drying on modified Membrane pore size
In order to ensure that RNPs can be in full contact with the membrane and the separation efficiency, the invention inspects the influence of two important factors, namely graphene oxide and microwave drying, on the modified membrane. 1) Fixing other parameters to be the same, changing the mass concentration of the graphene oxide solution, fixing the microwave drying parameters twice, and performing exploration; 2) and 1) fixing other parameters to be the same, changing microwave drying parameters, and fixing the mass concentration of the graphene oxide solution to be 5% for research. The results show that membrane pore size is extremely important for adsorption and filtration rate, and too large a pore size is detrimental to the natural absorption of RNPs on the membrane.
Example 3:
the extraction method of the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle comprises the following steps:
and 5, freezing and drying the dialysis trapped fluid to obtain the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle.
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of RNPs separated by a modified membrane, wherein the RNPs are in the form of spherical particles having an average particle size of 110nm and a concentrated particle size distribution, and are substantially unchanged from those of Rosa roxburghii; compared with the original particle concentration, the extraction rate of the RNPs can exceed 85 percent through the separation of the modified membrane.
TABLE 4 colloidal Properties before and after isolation of RNPs and their yields
Example 4
TABLE 5 Effect of Quaternary ammonium salt composition on the extraction yield of RNPs
The result shows that the modified graphene fiber membrane composed of different quaternary ammonium salts (hexaalkyltrimethylammonium chloride C9, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride C15 and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride C19, wherein the ratio of C9+ C15+ C19 is 3:1: 1) has a remarkable influence on the extraction rate of RNPs, only a single type of quaternary ammonium salt is used, RNPs cannot be completely adsorbed, the use effect of the composite quaternary ammonium salt is ideal, and the extraction rate exceeds 85%. The hydrophobicity of different quaternary ammonium salts is different, and the short-chain quaternary ammonium salt and the long-chain quaternary ammonium salt complement each other to form a compound which is tightly combined with a fibrous membrane and can effectively adsorb RNPs. Meanwhile, the amount of quaternary ammonium salt used is also critical to the extraction rate, and when the amount is small, the adsorption of the quaternary ammonium salt to RNPs is insufficient, and when the amount is too large, the quaternary ammonium salt is too strong to adsorb RNPs, so that the quaternary ammonium salt is difficult to elute, and the extraction effect is hindered (see FIG. 2).
Example 5:
TABLE 6 Effect of suction filtration Rate on the extraction of RNPs
And (4) inspecting the influence of the suction filtration speed of the roxburgh rose concentrated solution on the extraction effect after the roxburgh rose concentrated solution is placed in a Buchner funnel. The results show that the extraction effect of RNPs has a dependence on the suction filtration rate. When the suction filtration speed reaches 10 mL/min, the enrichment effect of the RNPs is the best, and the effect is influenced by the suction filtration speed which is too high or too low. When the speed is too high, the materials are easily not in full contact with the membrane, and when the speed is too low, the vacuum extrusion condition deepens the excessive action of the RNPs and the membrane, and the elution effect is reduced.
Example 6: polyphenol inclusion rate content test experiment:
and measuring the polyphenol content in the RNPs obtained by different treatments by adopting an ultraviolet spectrophotometer method and taking the gallic acid solution as a standard solution. The operation is as follows: 0.2mL of the diluted sample was reacted with 0.8 mL of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent for 3-5 min, and 1.5 mL of 10% Na was added2CO3(w/v) adding distilled water to the solution to obtain the final productThe final volume was 10 mL. The mixture was measured at 765 nm after 120 minutes in the dark. The zero point was adjusted with a 1 cm cuvette, with reagent blank. Comparing the polyphenol content with the concentration of RNPs to obtain the polyphenol content of RNPs.
Accurately weighing 100 mg of gallic acid dried to constant weight, dissolving in a small amount of methanol, diluting to 100ml with distilled water to obtain 1 mg/ml mother liquor, and transferring the mother liquor of 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2ml into a 10ml brown volumetric flask. Take 0.2mL of the above procedure. And drawing a gallic acid standard curve according to the determination. 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12 mg.
Comparative example 2:
the concentrated roxburgh rose juice is respectively extracted by a chemical method (PEG and ethanol), and the results show that the chemical method is not favorable for the stability of RNPs and has low extraction rate and polyphenol after the PEG and the ethanol are respectively treated.
TABLE 7 yield of RNPs from original Rosa roxburghii Tratt and different isolation methods
Example 7: test experiment of alpha-amylase inhibition capability of natural nano-particle RNPs of rosa roxburghii tratt
(1) Adding 40 mL (0.5 mg/mL) of soluble starch solution into the triangular flask, placing the triangular flask in a constant-temperature shaking water bath at 37 deg.C, and preheating for 5 min.
(2) Respectively adding 3mL of pure polyphenol solution and roxburgh rose nanoparticle solution with various concentrations and 3mL (500U/mL) of alpha-amylase enzyme solution into the preheated triangular flask, oscillating and reacting in a water bath kettle for 30min, canceling 4 mL of suspension, and immediately inactivating the enzyme in a boiling water bath.
(3) After enzyme inactivation is finished, centrifuging (6000 r/min, 10 min, 4 ℃), and taking supernatant to measure the content of reducing sugar in the solution.
(4) The content of reducing sugar is measured by a 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid method.
(5) The positive control used 3mL (500U/mL) of alpha-amylase enzyme solution reacted with 3mL (5 mg/L) of soluble starch solution, while the negative control was 3mL of each concentration of pure polyphenol solution and Rosa roxburghii nanoparticle solution reacted with 40 mL (0.5 mg/mL) of soluble starch solution. The inhibition capacity of the roxburgh rose nanoparticle solution and the pure polyphenol solution with different concentrations on the activity of the alpha-amylase is calculated according to the following formula:
alpha-amylase enzyme activity inhibition ability = [ A0-(Ak-Ai)]/A0×100%
Wherein A is0Reducing sugar content (mg) in the positive control solution; a. thekReducing sugar content (mg) in the sample group solution; a. theiThe content of reducing sugar (mg) in the solution is a negative control group.
As shown in FIG. 3, the results showed that the inhibitory effect of RNPs on alpha-amylase was significant, and increased with the increase in the concentration of RNPs. And when the concentration of the RNPs exceeds 5mg/mL, the inhibition effect exceeds 80%, and compared with the inhibition effect of pure polyphenol on the alpha-amylase, the inhibition effect of the pure polyphenol on the alpha-amylase is only less than 30%, which shows that the natural nanostructure of the roxburgh rose plays an important role in chemical reaction and can better inhibit the activity of the alpha-amylase.
Example 8: test experiment of alpha-glycosidase inhibition capability of natural nano particle RNPs of rosa roxburghii tratt
(1) Adding 40 mL (0.5 mg/mL) of soluble starch solution into the triangular flask, placing the triangular flask in a constant-temperature shaking water bath at 37 deg.C, and preheating for 5 min.
(2) Respectively adding 3mL of pure polyphenol solution and roxburgh rose nanoparticle solution with various concentrations and 3mL (500U/mL) of alpha-amylase enzyme solution into the preheated triangular flask, oscillating and reacting in a water bath kettle for 30min, canceling 4 mL of suspension, and immediately inactivating the enzyme in a boiling water bath.
(3) After enzyme inactivation is finished, centrifuging (6000 r/min, 10 min, 4 ℃), and taking supernatant to measure the content of reducing sugar in the solution.
(4) The content of reducing sugar is measured by a 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid method.
(5) The positive control used 3mL (500U/mL) of alpha-glucosidase solution with 3mL (5 mg/L) of soluble starch solution, while the negative control was 3mL of pure polyphenol solution and Rosa roxburghii nanoparticle solution at each concentration reacted with 40 mL (0.5 mg/mL) of soluble starch solution. The inhibition capacity of the roxburgh rose nanoparticle solution and the pure polyphenol solution with different concentrations on the activity of the alpha-amylase is calculated according to the following formula:
alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity inhibition ability = ([ A)0-(Ak-Ai)])/A0×100%
Wherein A is0Reducing sugar content (mg) in the positive control solution; a. thekReducing sugar content (mg) in the sample group solution; a. theiThe content of reducing sugar (mg) in the solution is a negative control group.
As shown in FIG. 4, the results showed that the inhibitory effect of RNPs on α -glucosidase was significant, and increased with the increase in the concentration of RNPs. And when the concentration of the RNPs exceeds 10mg/mL, the inhibition effect exceeds 75%, and compared with the inhibition effect of pure polyphenol on alpha-amylase, the inhibition effect of pure polyphenol is only less than 50%, which shows that the natural nanostructure of the roxburgh rose plays an important role in chemical reaction. And the alpha-glycosidase activity can be better inhibited.
The above mentioned matters are not mentioned above, and are applicable to the prior art and the conventional technical means of the technicians in this field.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The extraction method of the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, removing the outer peel of the roxburgh rose, drying the pulp part of the roxburgh rose at a low temperature in vacuum, squeezing and crushing to obtain roxburgh rose juice;
step 2, centrifuging the obtained roxburgh rose juice, and performing low-temperature ultrafiltration concentration on supernate to obtain concentrated solution;
step 3, performing suction filtration on the concentrated solution by taking the modified graphene fiber membrane modified by quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide as filter paper;
step 4, taking out the modified graphene fiber membrane, putting the modified graphene fiber membrane into a dialysis bag, performing replacement dialysis in an acidic solution, replacing natural rosa roxburghii tratt nanoparticles in the modified graphene fiber membrane, and removing unbound free molecules at the same time;
and 5, freezing and drying the dialysis trapped fluid to obtain the natural roxburgh rose nanoparticle.
2. The method for extracting the natural nano particles of the rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 1, wherein the process parameters of crushing after vacuum low-temperature drying in the step 1 are as follows: the vacuum degree is-0.05 to-0.2 Mpa, the temperature is-30 to-4 ℃, and the drying treatment is carried out for 0.5 to 3 hours.
3. The method for extracting natural nanoparticles of rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, during the centrifugal treatment, the centrifugal rotating speed is 5000-12000 r/min, the centrifugal time is 15-30 min, and the centrifugal temperature is-10 ℃;
the molecular weight cut-off of the low-temperature ultrafiltration concentration in the step 2 is 10-100 KDa, the temperature is-20-4 ℃, and the time is 15-60 min.
4. The method for extracting natural nanoparticles of rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 1, wherein the preparation steps of the modified graphene fiber membrane modified by quaternary ammonium salt-graphene oxide in the step 3 are as follows: immersing the graphene fiber membrane into a solution containing graphene oxide, and continuously stirring to enable the graphene oxide to be adsorbed on the graphene fiber membrane; and adding the graphene fiber membrane adsorbed by the graphene oxide into a water solution containing quaternary ammonium salt, heating and stirring, taking out after the stirring, cleaning with ethanol, removing unreacted graphene oxide and quaternary ammonium salt, and performing microwave drying twice to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt modified graphene fiber membrane.
5. The extraction method of the natural rosa roxburghii nanoparticles as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of the graphene oxide solution is 1-10%, and the mass fraction of the quaternary ammonium salt is 10-30%.
6. The method for extracting natural nanoparticles of rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 4, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt type is one or more of the quaternary ammonium salt types with 6-22 carbon atoms in total.
7. The method for extracting natural nanoparticles of rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 4, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is a composite quaternary ammonium salt, and the composite quaternary ammonium salt is composed of hexaalkyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in a ratio of 3:1: 1.
8. The method for extracting the natural nano particles of the rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 1, wherein the microwave is performed twice in the step 3, wherein the first microwave power is 200W and the time is 5min, and the second microwave power is 700W and the time is 1 min.
9. A natural nanoparticle of Rosa roxburghii Tratt extracted by the extraction method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of the natural nanoparticle of rosa roxburghii tratt according to claim 9 for food products to inhibit starch hydrolytic digestion and hypoglycemia.
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