CN114204848B - Small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect - Google Patents
Small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN114204848B CN114204848B CN202111511604.9A CN202111511604A CN114204848B CN 114204848 B CN114204848 B CN 114204848B CN 202111511604 A CN202111511604 A CN 202111511604A CN 114204848 B CN114204848 B CN 114204848B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on a piezoelectric effect. The central magnetic column is arranged on the ellipsoidal pressure cabin in a closed mode, the bottom of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin is connected with a supporting spring and is elastically supported and connected on a supporting bottom plate through the supporting spring, and the supporting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of water and is fixed; when the device is disturbed by ocean current inflow and turbulence in the ocean floor, the ellipsoidal pressure cabin vibrates under the elastic action of the supporting spring, the magnetic steel gauge block and the magnetic steel are opposite to the repulsive magnetic poles to generate magnetic exciting force, so that the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet is further enhanced, and the mechanical energy generated by the vibration and deformation of the piezoelectric sheet is converted into electric energy under the piezoelectric effect; the invention can realize omnibearing ocean current energy capturing in deep sea, is suitable for deep sea micro-current conditions, can bear deep sea high-pressure environment, is not easy to generate integral damage, can adjust the rigidity of the device by adjusting magnetism, ensures that the device can be suitable for different water depth conditions and flow field conditions, and realizes efficient energy capturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ocean current energy power generation device, in particular to a deep ocean current energy capturing device based on a piezoelectric effect, which can realize omnibearing ocean current energy capturing under a submarine environment.
Background
The development of ocean current energy technology has mainly been shown to be two trends: the sea energy power station is formed by large-scale units and array, and commercial power supply is realized by power control coordination among a plurality of units; secondly, a small-sized and portable medium-sized unit is designed, and networking is flexibly arranged to carry out in-situ power supply for underwater facilities with low power consumption. Over the last three years, the technology of large scale has been continuously matured into the level of demonstration projects. However, the development of miniaturization is not satisfactory, and many bottleneck problems are not broken through all the time. In this respect, there are mainly two problems: firstly, the miniaturized device has simple structure, and is difficult to match with complicated transmission, pitch control, start-stop control systems and the like in a large device. Secondly, because the size of the miniaturized unit is smaller, the hydrodynamic performance of the rotor is greatly influenced by scale effect in actual operation, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the miniaturized unit are greatly different from those of the large-sized unit, so that the power generation efficiency and the working environment of the device are greatly limited. Finally, the application water depth of many underwater facilities developed at present often exceeds the level of hundred meters, but the current ocean current energy equipment does not have the application depth exceeding 50 meters, and the deep sea pressure resistance problem is also a problem which needs to be faced by the development of a small-sized unit.
The miniaturized ocean current energy device starts from the early development stage of the mature large-scale device at present, the development is early, the research is often carried out as a reduced scale model of a large-scale unit, and the research on the miniaturized unit for real service and engineering application is still less at present. In order to solve the problems faced by the current miniaturized devices, a brand new design is needed for the devices, and a scheme of only carrying out equal-ratio miniaturization on a large-sized unit is difficult to be made into an efficient miniaturized ocean current energy device, and is particularly difficult to be suitable for a deep sea environment. Thus, a comprehensive system design is necessary for such miniaturized ocean current energy devices for use in deep sea environments.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a brand new design scheme of the small deep sea ocean current energy. Based on the improvement and optimization of the integral cabin structure of the device, the turbulent pulsation of ocean currents and seafloor is fully absorbed, so that the omnibearing ocean current energy capturing can be realized, and the traditional convection and reversing structure is replaced; the power generation module is designed to capture energy based on the piezoelectric effect by matching with magnetic exciting force generated by the repulsive magnetic poles, so that the traditional motor structure is replaced; the rigidity of the whole device is adjusted by changing the magnetic strength and the number of the elements generating magnetic exciting force, and the device replaces the traditional transmission and speed change adjusting mechanism, so that the device can be suitable for various flow field situations.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The ocean current energy capturing and generating device comprises a central magnetic column, an ellipsoidal pressure cabin, a supporting spring and a supporting bottom plate, wherein the central magnetic column is installed on the ellipsoidal pressure cabin in a sealing mode, the bottom of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin is connected with the supporting spring and is elastically supported and connected on the supporting bottom plate through the supporting spring, and the supporting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of water and fixed.
The central magnetic column comprises a sealing cover and a magnetic column, and the magnetic column is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the sealing cover; the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the magnetic column are uniformly distributed and fixed with a plurality of magnetic steels along the circumferential direction;
The top surface of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin is provided with a concave hole, the screw thread of the sealing cover is rigidly arranged in the concave hole, the magnetic column is coaxially sealed in the concave hole and goes deep into the center of the concave hole, so that the magnetic configuration of the magnetic steel on the central magnetic column is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile, the pressure resistance and the water resistance of the whole structure are ensured; an annular gap is formed between the magnetic column and the hole wall of the concave hole, a plurality of sheet-shaped magnetic piezoelectric units are uniformly distributed and fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the annular gap along the circumferential direction, each magnetic piezoelectric unit is radially arranged, and the sheet-shaped outer side edges of the magnetic piezoelectric units are fixedly connected with the hole wall of the concave hole in a cantilever beam mode;
the magnetic piezoelectric unit is in magnetic repulsion fit with the magnetic steel.
The upper part of the magnetic column is a cylinder, the lower part of the magnetic column is an inverted truncated cone, and the diameter of the cylinder is equal to the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone; the side surfaces of the cylinder and the inverted cone are uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction at intervals, the length directions of the strip-shaped grooves on the cylinder are axially arranged, and the length directions of the strip-shaped grooves on the inverted cone are obliquely arranged along the radial direction and the axial direction; each strip-shaped groove is fixedly provided with strip-shaped magnetic steel;
the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber is formed by coaxially connecting a cylindrical through hole and a reverse truncated cone blind hole, and the diameter of the cylindrical through hole is equal to that of the upper bottom surface of the reverse truncated cone blind hole; the walls of the cylindrical through hole and the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole are uniformly provided with magnetic piezoelectric units along the circumferential direction at intervals, the magnetic piezoelectric units on the walls of the cylindrical through hole are axially arranged, and the magnetic piezoelectric units on the walls of the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole are radially arranged.
Each magnetic piezoelectric unit comprises a plurality of piezoelectric components which are arranged on the same plane in parallel, and three piezoelectric components can be adopted in the implementation;
the piezoelectric assembly comprises a piezoelectric substrate, a piezoelectric sheet and a magnetic steel gauge block, wherein the piezoelectric sheet is arranged on the piezoelectric substrate, one side edge of the piezoelectric substrate is fixed on the hole wall of the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin, the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate is fixedly provided with a magnetic steel gauge block, and the length direction of the magnetic steel gauge block is parallel to the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate; the magnetic steel gauge block is used for being in magnetic repulsive fit with the magnetic steel fixed on the central magnetic column.
The inner side edge of the magnetic piezoelectric unit sheet and the corresponding one of the magnetic steels are arranged in a parallel manner, and a gap is reserved between the inner side edge and the corresponding one of the magnetic steels and is not in contact with the corresponding one of the magnetic steels; namely, a plurality of magnetic steel mass blocks on the inner side edge of the magnetic piezoelectric unit are opposite to and parallel to one side surface of the magnetic column, which is close to the magnetic piezoelectric unit, and a corresponding magnetic steel is not offset under the non-wave static natural repulsive state;
The magnetic pole directions of the magnetic steel gauge blocks and the magnetic steel are arranged along the radial direction and are opposite. In specific implementation, it may be: the magnetic poles corresponding to the surfaces of the magnetic steel mass blocks close to the magnetic columns are S poles, and the magnetic poles corresponding to the surfaces of the magnetic steel mass blocks far away from the magnetic columns are N poles; all the magnetic steels are corresponding to the S poles on the surface of one side, close to the magnetic piezoelectric unit, and the N poles on the surface of one side, far away from the magnetic piezoelectric unit.
When the energy capturing power generation device is disturbed by ocean current inflow and turbulence in the ocean floor, the ellipsoidal pressure cabin vibrates under the elastic action of the supporting spring, the magnetic steel gauge block and the magnetic steel are opposite to the repulsive magnetic poles to generate magnetic exciting force, so that the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet is further aggravated, and mechanical energy generated by the vibration and deformation of the piezoelectric sheet is converted into electric energy under the piezoelectric effect;
The magnetic strength of the magnetic steel and the number of the magnetic steels are adjusted, so that the magnetic exciting force of each magnetic piezoelectric unit in the vibration process is adjusted, the integral rigidity of the energy capturing power generation device is adjusted, and the energy capturing power generation device is applicable to flow field environments of various sea conditions.
The piezoelectric sheet of the piezoelectric component is made of PZT-5H material.
The number of the magnetic steel on the cylinder of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units in the cylinder through hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin, and the magnetic piezoelectric units are flexibly arranged between 6 and 12 blocks; the number of the magnetic steel on the inverted circular truncated cone body of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units in the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin, and the magnetic piezoelectric units are flexibly arranged between 4 and 8 blocks.
The whole structure formed by the central magnetic column and the ellipsoidal pressure cabin is an ellipsoidal structure with large upper part and small lower part, can bear deep sea high pressure, and can fully absorb the acting force of all-dimensional ocean current inflow.
The piezoelectric assembly comprises an ellipsoidal pressure cabin, and is characterized by further comprising a piezoelectric sheet fixing structure, wherein the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure is a strip-shaped block, and the outer side edge of each piezoelectric assembly is fixed on the hole wall of the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin through a corresponding piezoelectric sheet fixing structure.
A plurality of bolt holes are formed in the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the outer side edge of each piezoelectric assembly, and the bolt holes of the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure correspond to the bolt holes in the piezoelectric assemblies one by one and are connected through bolts.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The device can be used under the condition of deep sea micro-flow. The energy capturing structure adopts a shape of a ellipsoid with a large upper part and a small lower part, so that the energy capturing structure can bear a deep sea high-pressure environment on the premise of aggravating self-vibration energy capturing, is not easy to cause integral damage, and can carry out long-term in-situ energy supply on instruments and equipment arranged on the sea bottom; the novel piezoelectric energy capturing mode is adopted, so that the problems of large starting torque and complex transmission structure of the traditional motor are avoided; the invention adopts the vibration mode of the magnetic excitation piezoelectric sheets, so that each piezoelectric sheet has multistability, the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric sheets is increased, and the energy capturing efficiency is improved; the invention adopts a replaceable central magnetic column structure, can adjust the overall rigidity of the power generation device, and selects magnetic steel with different magnetism for different flow field conditions, so that the device can realize high-efficiency energy capturing under different environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a central magnetic column design;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ellipsoidal pressure chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic piezoelectric unit;
FIG. 5 is a magnetic piezoelectric unit layout;
In the figure: 1. the magnetic force transducer comprises a central magnetic column, 2 ellipsoidal pressure chambers, 3 supporting springs, 4 supporting bottom plates, 5 magnetic piezoelectric units, 6 piezoelectric substrates, 7 piezoelectric sheets, 8 magnetic steel mass blocks, 9 piezoelectric sheet fixing structures, 10 magnetic steel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a central magnetic column 1, an ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2, a supporting spring 3 and a supporting bottom plate 4, wherein the central magnetic column 1 is mounted on the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2 in a closed mode, the bottom of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2 is connected with the supporting spring 3 and is connected to the supporting bottom plate 4 through the elastic support of the supporting spring 3, and the supporting bottom plate 4 is arranged at the water bottom and fixed.
As shown in fig. 2, the central magnetic column 1 comprises a sealing cover and a magnetic column, and the magnetic column is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the sealing cover; the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the magnetic column are uniformly distributed and fixed with a plurality of magnetic steels 10 along the circumferential direction.
The upper part of the magnetic column is a cylinder, the lower part of the magnetic column is an inverted truncated cone, and the diameter of the cylinder is equal to the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone; the side surfaces of the cylinder and the inverted cone are uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped grooves along the circumferential direction at intervals, the length directions of the strip-shaped grooves on the cylinder are axially arranged, and the length directions of the strip-shaped grooves on the inverted cone are obliquely arranged along the radial direction and the axial direction; each strip-shaped groove is fixedly provided with strip-shaped magnetic steel 10.
The number of the magnetic steel 10 on the cylinder of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units 5 in the cylinder through hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2, and the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units is flexibly arranged between 6 and 12 blocks; the number of the magnetic steel 10 on the inverted circular truncated cone of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units 5 in the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2, and the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units is flexibly arranged between 4 and 8 blocks.
The top surface of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2 is provided with a concave hole, the screw thread of the sealing cover is rigidly arranged in the concave hole, the magnetic column is coaxially sealed in the concave hole and goes deep into the center of the concave hole, so that the magnetic configuration of the magnetic steel 10 on the central magnetic column 1 is convenient to adjust, and the pressure resistance and the water resistance of the whole structure are ensured; as shown in fig. 5, an annular gap is formed between the magnetic column and the hole wall of the concave hole, a plurality of sheet-shaped magnetic piezoelectric units 5 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the annular gap along the circumferential direction, each magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 is radially arranged, and the sheet-shaped outer side edges of the magnetic piezoelectric units 5 are fixedly connected with the hole wall of the concave hole in a cantilever beam mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the device further includes a piezoelectric sheet fixing structure 9, where the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure 9 is a bar-shaped block, and the outer side edge of each piezoelectric component is fixed on the hole wall of the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2 through a corresponding piezoelectric sheet fixing structure 9. A plurality of bolt holes are formed in the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure 9, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the outer side edge of each piezoelectric assembly, and the bolt holes of the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure 9 correspond to the bolt holes in the piezoelectric assemblies one by one and are connected through bolts.
The concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2 is formed by coaxially connecting a cylindrical through hole and a reverse truncated cone blind hole, and the diameter of the cylindrical through hole is equal to that of the upper bottom surface of the reverse truncated cone blind hole; the walls of the cylindrical through hole and the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole are uniformly provided with magnetic piezoelectric units 5 along the circumferential direction at intervals, the magnetic piezoelectric units 5 on the wall of the cylindrical through hole are axially arranged, and the magnetic piezoelectric units 5 on the wall of the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole are radially arranged.
The magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 and the magnetic steel 10 are in magnetic repulsive fit.
Each magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 comprises a plurality of piezoelectric components which are arranged in parallel on the same plane, wherein piezoelectric sheets 7 of the piezoelectric components are made of PZT-5H materials, and three piezoelectric components can be adopted in specific implementation; as shown in fig. 4, the piezoelectric assembly comprises a piezoelectric substrate 6, a piezoelectric sheet 7 and a magnetic steel mass block 8, wherein the piezoelectric sheet 7 is arranged on the piezoelectric substrate 6, one side edge of the piezoelectric substrate 6 is fixed on the hole wall of the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber 2, the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate 6 is fixedly provided with the magnetic steel mass block 8, and the length direction of the magnetic steel mass block 8 is parallel to the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate 6; the magnetic steel gauge block 8 is used for being in magnetic repulsion fit with the magnetic steel 10 fixed on the central magnetic column 1.
The inner side edge of the sheet-shaped magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 and the corresponding one of the magnetic steels 10 are opposite to each other and are arranged in parallel, and a gap is formed between the two, so that the two are not contacted; namely, a plurality of magnetic steel gauge blocks 8 on the inner side of the magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 are opposite to and parallel to one side surface of the magnetic column and one corresponding magnetic steel 10 on one side surface of the magnetic piezoelectric unit 5.
The magnetic pole directions of the magnetic steel gauge block 8 and the magnetic steel 10 are arranged along the radial direction and are opposite. In specific implementation, it may be: all magnetic steel mass blocks 8 are provided with S poles corresponding to the surfaces close to the magnetic columns, and N poles corresponding to the surfaces far away from the magnetic columns; all the magnetic steels 10 are S poles corresponding to the surfaces of the sides close to the magnetic piezoelectric units 5, and N poles corresponding to the surfaces of the sides far away from the magnetic piezoelectric units 5.
When the energy capturing power generation device is disturbed by ocean current inflow and turbulence in the ocean floor, the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2 vibrates under the elastic action of the supporting spring 3, the magnetic steel gauge block 8 and the magnetic steel 10 generate magnetic excitation force against the repulsive magnetic poles, deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 7 is further aggravated, and mechanical energy generated by vibration and deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 7 is converted into electric energy under the piezoelectric effect.
The magnetic strength of the magnetic steel 10 and the number of the magnetic steels 10 are adjusted, so that the magnetic exciting force of each magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 in the vibration process is adjusted, the integral rigidity of the energy capturing power generation device is adjusted, and the energy capturing power generation device is suitable for flow field environments of various sea conditions.
The whole structure formed by the central magnetic column 1 and the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2 is an ellipsoidal structure with big top and small bottom, can bear deep sea high pressure, and can fully absorb the acting force of all-dimensional ocean current inflow.
The specific implementation working process of the invention is as follows:
In specific implementation, the energy capturing power generation device arranged on the sea bottom is influenced by incoming flow and water turbulence, the central magnetic column 1 and the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2 arranged on the supporting spring 3 generate integral vibration, and the vibration can lead the magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 in the ellipsoidal pressure cabin 2 to vibrate; meanwhile, as the magnetic steel 10 arranged in the strip-shaped groove of the central magnetic column 1 is the same as the magnetic pole corresponding to the opposite surface of the magnetic steel gauge block 8 on the magnetic piezoelectric unit 5, the piezoelectric sheet 7 in each magnetic piezoelectric unit 5 vibrates and aggravates and generates elastic deformation under the action of the current magnetic excitation, and the mechanical energy of the vibration and the elastic deformation is further converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric principle.
Claims (9)
1. A small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on a piezoelectric effect is characterized in that:
The device comprises a central magnetic column (1), an ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2), a supporting spring (3) and a supporting bottom plate (4), wherein the central magnetic column (1) is arranged on the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2) in a closed mode, the bottom of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2) is connected with the supporting spring (3) and is elastically supported and connected to the supporting bottom plate (4) through the supporting spring (3), and the supporting bottom plate (4) is arranged at the bottom of water and is fixed;
The central magnetic column (1) comprises a sealing cover and a magnetic column, and the magnetic column is fixed at the center of the bottom surface of the sealing cover; a plurality of magnetic steels (10) are uniformly distributed and fixed on the magnetic column along the circumferential direction;
The top surface of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2) is provided with a concave hole, and the sealing cover is rigidly arranged in the concave hole in a threaded manner and coaxially seals the magnetic column in the concave hole and penetrates into the center of the concave hole; an annular gap is formed between the magnetic column and the hole wall of the concave hole, a plurality of sheet-shaped magnetic piezoelectric units (5) are uniformly distributed and fixed in the circumferential direction of the annular gap, each magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) is radially arranged, and the sheet-shaped outer side edges of the magnetic piezoelectric units (5) are fixedly connected with the hole wall of the concave hole in a cantilever beam mode;
The magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) is in magnetic repulsion fit with the magnetic steel (10).
2. The small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the magnetic column is a cylinder, and the lower part of the magnetic column is an inverted truncated cone; the sides of the cylinder and the inverted cone are uniformly provided with a plurality of strip-shaped grooves at intervals along the circumferential direction, and strip-shaped magnetic steel (10) is fixedly arranged in each strip-shaped groove; the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2) is formed by coaxially connecting a cylindrical through hole and a reverse round platform blind hole; the walls of the cylindrical through holes and the inverted round table blind holes are uniformly provided with magnetic piezoelectric units (5) at intervals along the circumferential direction.
3. The small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) comprises a plurality of piezoelectric components which are arranged in parallel on the same plane; the piezoelectric assembly comprises a piezoelectric substrate (6), a piezoelectric sheet (7) and a magnetic steel mass block (8), wherein the piezoelectric sheet (7) is arranged on the piezoelectric substrate (6), one side edge of the piezoelectric substrate (6) is fixed on the hole wall of a concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin (2), the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate (6) is fixedly provided with the magnetic steel mass block (8), and the length direction of the magnetic steel mass block (8) is parallel to the other side edge of the piezoelectric substrate (6); the magnetic steel gauge block (8) is used for being in magnetic repulsion fit with the magnetic steel (10) fixed on the central magnetic column (1).
4. A small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: the inner side edge of the sheet-shaped magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) and the corresponding magnetic steel (10) are opposite to each other and are arranged in parallel, and a gap is reserved between the inner side edge and the corresponding magnetic steel, so that the magnetic piezoelectric unit is not contacted with the corresponding magnetic steel; namely, a plurality of magnetic steel gauge blocks (8) on the inner side of the magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) are arranged in parallel opposite to the surface of one side close to the magnetic column and the surface of one side close to the magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) of a corresponding magnetic steel (10);
the magnetic pole directions of the magnetic steel gauge block (8) and the magnetic steel (10) are arranged along the radial direction and are opposite.
5. A small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the energy capturing power generation device is disturbed by ocean current from the ocean floor in all directions, the ellipsoidal pressure cabin (2) vibrates under the elastic action of the supporting spring (3), the magnetic steel mass block (8) and the magnetic steel (10) are opposite to the repulsive magnetic poles to generate magnetic exciting force, so that the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet (7) is further aggravated, and the mechanical energy generated by the vibration and deformation of the piezoelectric sheet (7) is converted into electric energy under the piezoelectric effect;
The magnetic strength of the magnetic steel (10) and the number of the magnetic steels (10) are adjusted, so that the magnetic exciting force of each magnetic piezoelectric unit (5) in the vibration process is adjusted, the integral rigidity of the energy capturing power generation device is adjusted, and the energy capturing power generation device is suitable for flow field environments of various sea conditions.
6. A small-sized deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect according to claim 3, characterized in that: the piezoelectric sheet (7) of the piezoelectric component is made of PZT-5H material.
7. The small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the number of the magnetic steel (10) on the cylinder of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units (5) in the cylinder through hole of the ellipsoidal pressure cabin (2); the number of the magnetic steel (10) on the inverted circular truncated cone of the magnetic column is the same as the number of the magnetic piezoelectric units (5) in the inverted circular truncated cone blind hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2).
8. The small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the whole structure formed by the central magnetic column (1) and the ellipsoidal pressure cabin (2) is an ellipsoidal structure with big top and small bottom.
9. The small deep sea omnibearing ocean current energy capturing power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric pressure chamber further comprises a piezoelectric sheet fixing structure (9), the piezoelectric sheet fixing structure (9) is a bar-shaped block, and the outer side edge of each piezoelectric component is fixed on the hole wall of the concave hole of the ellipsoidal pressure chamber (2) through the corresponding piezoelectric sheet fixing structure (9).
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