CN114202467B - Method for repairing standard crescent incomplete bubbles in low signal-to-noise ratio image in water - Google Patents
Method for repairing standard crescent incomplete bubbles in low signal-to-noise ratio image in water Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 16
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing a standard crescent incomplete bubble in an underwater low signal-to-noise ratio image, which comprises the following 4 steps: analyzing standard crescent incomplete bubbles in the image, and selecting different numbers of points to calculate the curvature at the edge of the crescent incomplete bubbles according to the particle size, the image resolution, the field angle and the distance between the imaging system and the bubbles; classifying the obtained standard crescent incomplete bubbles according to two types; and respectively calculating the trimming curvature of the two types of standard crescent incomplete bubbles. Selecting two points which are far away from each other and are included in a certain curvature range, and calculating tangent angles through the trimming curvature, wherein the intersection point of two tangent perpendicular lines is the center of a circle; and repairing the bubble image according to the parameters such as the circle center position, the trimming curvature, the radius and the like obtained by calculation. Therefore, high-quality application of underwater low signal-to-noise ratio images is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to underwater imaging and image processing technologies, in particular to a method for repairing standard crescent incomplete bubbles in an underwater low signal-to-noise ratio image.
Background
The light has special transmission characteristics in the water body, and the attenuation of the light in the water and the background light formed by scattering of particles and water molecules in the water on the light greatly reduce the imaging effect. Aiming at the characteristics of low contrast, uneven illumination, low signal-to-noise ratio and the like of underwater imaging, bubble images in water are always incomplete, the incomplete degrees are different, and the extraction and segmentation effects of bubbles in the images are influenced difficultly to be eliminated, so that repairing incomplete bubbles in the underwater images is an extremely important part for high-quality utilization of the underwater images.
This patent is to there being a large amount of incomplete bubbles in the acquisition bubble image under water to influence the problem of follow-up statistical analysis effect, and the key utilizes morphology and statistics method around the incomplete bubble of standard crescent, repairs it, reappears complete bubble, promotes image quality, provides technical support for the processing of follow-up bubble image.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to establish a method for repairing a standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubble in an underwater low signal-to-noise ratio image, which adopts morphological and statistical methods with different strategies to complete the repair of the incomplete bubble in the image aiming at the bubble incomplete degree in the image, thereby improving the quality of the bubble image, realizing the high-quality application of the low signal-to-noise ratio bubble image and laying a technical foundation for enhancing the effect of extracting the bubbles of the underwater image. Wherein, the standard crescent-shaped deformity refers to arc-shaped edge deformity caused by other bubbles blocking or non-ideal light source angle. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1) Selecting points of incomplete bubble edges needing curvature calculation
The method is characterized in that crescent incomplete bubbles in an image are analyzed, and according to different particle sizes, image resolution, field angles and the distance between an imaging system and the bubbles, points with different numbers are selected at the edge of the crescent incomplete bubbles for curvature calculation:
number m of pixels occupied by the circumference of the complete bubble:
wherein r is the bubble particle diameter, D is the distance from the imaging device to the bubble, alpha is half of the field angle, n is the total number of pixels in a line segment where the field angle direction is perpendicular to the center from top to bottom, and pi is the circumferential ratio.
And taking 2m/3 rounding as the number of points to be uniformly selected, and adjusting according to the actual defective part proportion condition, wherein the number is not less than m/2.
2) Classifying standard crescent incomplete bubbles
Because the bubble defect of the acquired underwater image is mainly caused by the reasons of other bubble shelters, light source angles and the like, the obtained standard crescent defect bubbles are classified according to the following two types:
(1) the incomplete edge is less than, equal to or more than half of the circumference, and the curvature of the incomplete part is more than or less than that of the bubble;
(2) the incomplete edge is smaller than half of the circumference, and the curvature of the incomplete part is equal to that of the bubble.
3) Trimming curvature and center position calculation
And (3) selecting points and calculating the curvature of the standard crescent incomplete bubbles in the type (1) according to the method of the first step. And counting the obtained curvature values, obtaining the curvature range with the most distribution quantity according to the counting result, and calculating a mean value according to the weight of each value to obtain the trimming curvature.
Selecting two points which are farthest away and are included in the curvature range, calculating the tangent angle through the curvature trimming result, and taking the intersection point of the perpendicular lines of the two tangent lines as the center of a circle;
and (3) for the standard crescent incomplete bubbles in the type (2), carrying out curvature calculation according to the points selected by the method in the first step. And (3) counting the obtained curvature values, wherein the edge curvature of the incomplete part of the standard crescent incomplete bubble in the type (2) is the same as the curvature of the bubble, so that two types of numerical values with larger difference do not exist in the counting result, and the mean value is calculated according to the weights of all the values in the counting result to obtain the trimming curvature.
Two points which are far away from each other and are contained on the non-incomplete curve are selected, the closer the distance value is to the diameter, the better the effect is, the tangent angle is calculated through the trimming curvature result, and the intersection point of the perpendicular lines of the two tangent lines is the circle center.
4) Repairing standard crescent incomplete bubble
And repairing the standard crescent incomplete bubbles according to the parameters such as the circle center position, the trimming curvature, the radius and the like obtained by calculation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graphical representation of the parameters of the first step formula in the summary of the invention during imaging.
Wherein 1 is the bubble particle diameter, 2 is the total number of pixels in a line segment where a field angle range is perpendicular to the center from top to bottom, 3 is half of the field angle, 4 is the distance from the imaging device to the bubble, and 5 is the underwater imaging system.
FIG. 2 is a typical view of the first kind of standard crescent shaped incomplete bubbles
FIG. 3 is a typical view of the second kind of standard crescent shaped incomplete bubbles
FIG. 4 is a typical standard crescent defect bubble repairing diagram
In fig. 2, 3 and 4, the solid line outline is a standard crescent incomplete bubble, 6,8,9, 11, 12 and 14 are two points of the incomplete bubble edge which meet the curvature range, 7, 10 and 13 are the circle center of the repaired bubble, and the dotted line is the repaired bubble graph.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description, given by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings:
visible light imaging in water is often poor in effect and low in signal-to-noise ratio. The invention aims to establish a crescent incomplete bubble image repairing method based on a low signal-to-noise ratio in water, improve the quality of images in water and realize high-quality application of the images with the low signal-to-noise ratio in water. The method comprises the following technical paths:
1) Selecting points of incomplete bubble edges needing curvature calculation
The method is characterized in that crescent incomplete bubbles in an image are analyzed, points with different numbers are selected at the edges of the crescent incomplete bubbles with different particle sizes for curvature calculation, the number of the selected points is related to the particle size of the incomplete bubbles, the resolution of the image, the underwater field angle of the imaging equipment and the distance between the underwater field angle and the bubbles, three point selection methods of typical particle size bubbles are listed below, and the particle size bubbles with other sizes are selected according to the proportion.
Number m of pixels occupied by the circumference of the complete bubble:
wherein r is the bubble particle diameter, D is the distance from the imaging device to the bubble, alpha is half of the field angle, n is the total number of pixels in a line segment where the field angle direction is perpendicular to the center from top to bottom, and pi is the circumferential ratio.
As shown in the typical standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubble pattern in fig. 4, when the bubble particle size is about 3mm, the calculated m value is 128.2, 85 points are uniformly selected on the edge of the crescent-shaped incomplete bubble, and the curvature calculation is performed respectively.
2) Classifying standard crescent incomplete bubbles
The acquired standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubbles are classified according to the following two types because the bubble defects of the acquired images in water are mainly caused by the shielding of other bubbles, the angle of a light source and the like;
(1) the incomplete edge is less than, equal to or more than half of the circumference, and the curvature of the incomplete part is more than or equal to that of the bubble;
(2) the incomplete edge is less than half a circle, and the curvature of the incomplete part is equal to the curvature of the bubble.
It is apparent that the typical standard crescent moon shaped incomplete bubble pattern in fig. 4 belongs to category (1).
3) Calculating the trimming curvature and the position of the center of a circle
For a typical standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubble, points are selected according to the method of the first step and curvature calculation is performed. And counting the obtained curvature values, obtaining the curvature range with the most distribution quantity according to the counting result, and calculating a mean value according to the weight of each value to obtain the trimming curvature. Selecting two points which are farthest away and are included in the curvature range, calculating the tangent angle through the curvature trimming result, and taking the intersection point of the perpendicular lines of the two tangent lines as the center of a circle;
4) Repairing standard crescent incomplete bubble
And repairing the standard crescent incomplete bubbles according to the parameters such as the circle center position, the trimming curvature, the radius and the like obtained by calculation. The repairing effect is shown as a dotted line in fig. 4.
Therefore, the method can repair the standard crescent incomplete bubbles in the low signal-to-noise ratio image in water, improve the quality of the image of the bubbles in water, realize high-quality application of the low signal-to-noise ratio bubble image and lay a technical foundation for enhancing the effect of extracting the bubbles of the image in water.
Claims (1)
1. A method for repairing a standard crescent incomplete bubble in an underwater low signal-to-noise ratio image, thereby realizing high-quality processing of the underwater low signal-to-noise ratio image, and is characterized in that:
1) Selecting points of incomplete bubble edges needing curvature calculation
Selecting different numbers of points to calculate the curvature according to different particle sizes, image resolution, field angle and distance between the imaging system and the bubble,
2) Classifying standard crescent incomplete bubbles
Classifying the standard crescent incomplete bubbles according to the curvature of the curve of the incomplete part and the restriction condition whether the incomplete part exceeds half of the circumference of the bubble:
(1) the incomplete edge is less than, equal to or more than half of the circumference, and the curvature of the incomplete part is more than or less than that of the bubble;
(2) the incomplete edge is smaller than a half of the circumference, and the curvature of the incomplete part is equal to that of the bubble;
3) Calculating the trimming curvature and the position of the center of a circle
Selecting points in the standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubbles of the type (1) and the type (2) according to a first step method, calculating the curvature, counting the obtained curvature values, obtaining a curvature range with the largest distribution quantity according to the counting result, calculating a mean value according to the weight of each value, obtaining a trimming curvature, obtaining the trimming curvature by calculating the mean value according to the weight of all the values in the counting result because the edge curvature of the incomplete part of the standard crescent-shaped incomplete bubble of the type (2) is the same as the curvature of the bubble, so that the counting result has no two types of numerical values with larger difference, selecting two points which are far away and are contained on a non-incomplete curve, calculating an angle according to the trimming curvature result, and taking the intersection point of the vertical lines of the two tangent lines as the circle center.
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