CN114199976A - Potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis, detection device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis, a detection device and a detection method, wherein the potassium ion concentration sensor comprises a sensor, a reaction cavity and an operation table; the sensor is arranged on the operating platform; the reaction cavity is arranged on the sensor and is provided with a sample inlet; the sensor comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane, wherein the potassium ion selective membrane is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode; the interdigital gold electrode is connected with the electrochemical workstation. The device is the integration operation panel, adopts interdigital gold electrode sensor and uses valinomycin as the potassium ion selective membrane of ionophore to combine, reflects potassium ion concentration through the inside impedance of detection ion exchange membrane, and the reaction chamber can restrict the sample liquid diffusion backward flow to improve the detection precision of trace sample liquid under potassium ion concentration, the operation panel need not to remove, dismantle and to carry out quick washing and the drying of sensor, convenient and fast, the real nature of operation is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensors, and particularly relates to a potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis, a detection device and a detection method.
Background
Potassium is an essential element for the growth and development of organisms, is used as a main cation in intracellular fluid, and plays a significant role in the metabolism of animals and plants. Potassium exists in the plant in an ionic state, does not participate in constituting any plant structure and compound, but is used as an activator of many enzymes, and is involved in various key metabolic processes in the plant, such as potassium can promote photosynthesis and transportation of photosynthetic products, can promote synthesis of proteins and the like. The potassium is also used as the third mineral element in the animal body, and can maintain the osmotic pressure of cells, promote protein synthesis, relieve stress reaction and the like. Therefore, potassium plays a crucial role in the normal growth and development of animals and plants, how to realize the accurate measurement of the potassium ion concentration in the animals and plants, and how to explore a detection method with the advantages of simplicity, convenience, online accuracy, rapidness and the like, has important significance in realizing the fine management of agricultural production.
Nowadays, there are a variety of potassium ion concentration detection methods widely used, including ion chromatography, ion selective electrode method, flame atomic absorption spectrometry, electrochemical analysis, and the like. However, these methods require a large amount of sample liquid to be measured, are complicated, time-consuming, and require professional personnel to perform the measurement. In the face of the problems that a small amount of liquid to be detected, such as juice in greenhouse crops, is small in liquid amount and difficult to completely extract, the traditional detection method is not suitable for accurate measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a device and a method for rapidly detecting the concentration of potassium ions, which are convenient to operate, low in cost and small in the amount of the required test sample liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis, a detection device and a detection method, wherein an interdigital gold electrode sensor and a potassium ion selective membrane taking valinomycin as an ionophore are combined, the potassium ion concentration is reflected by detecting the impedance inside an ion exchange membrane, a reaction cavity can limit sample liquid diffusion and backflow, so that the detection precision of the potassium ion concentration under trace sample liquid is improved, the device is an integrated operation table, the sensor can be quickly cleaned and dried without moving and disassembling, and the device is convenient, quick and good in practical operability.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane, wherein the potassium ion selective membrane is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode.
In the scheme, a potassium ion carrier in a potassium ion selective membrane liquid of the potassium ion selective membrane is valinomycin, an ion exchanger is sodium tetraborate, a polymer matrix material is polyvinyl chloride, and a plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, wherein the mass percent of the potassium ion carrier is 1.5-2.8%, the mass percent of the ion exchanger is 0.5-0.8%, the mass percent of the polymer matrix material is 32.2-36.6%, and the mass percent of the plasticizer is 62.5-68.4%, based on the total mass of solutes.
A potassium ion concentration detection device based on impedance analysis comprises a sensor, a reaction cavity and an operation table; the sensor is arranged on the operating platform; the reaction cavity is arranged on the sensor and is provided with a sample inlet; the sensor comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane, wherein the potassium ion selective membrane is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode; the interdigital gold electrode is connected with the electrochemical workstation.
In the scheme, the device further comprises an injection type cleaning device; the reaction cavity is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the injection type cleaning device is connected with the liquid inlet of the reaction cavity.
In the scheme, the device also comprises a hot air drying mechanism; the reaction chamber is also provided with at least one air inlet, and the hot air drying mechanism is connected with the air inlet.
Further, the hot air drying mechanism comprises a heating wire, a motor and a switch;
the switch is respectively connected with the electric heating wire and the motor; the electric heating wire heats the wind generated by the rotation of the motor, and the hot wind enters the reaction cavity through the air inlet.
In the scheme, the pins of the interdigital gold electrodes are connected with the electrochemical workstation through spring clips.
In the above scheme, the interdigital electrode substrate is a glass substrate.
A method of detecting a device based on the impedance analysis based potassium ion concentration, comprising the steps of:
step S1, manufacturing a potassium ion sensor: dropwise adding the prepared potassium ion selective membrane liquid on the interdigital gold electrode to form a potassium ion selective membrane for selecting potassium ions on the interdigital gold electrode, so as to obtain a potassium ion sensor based on impedance analysis;
step S2, preparing a blank comparison curve: adding PBS buffer solution into the reaction cavity as a blank control, and performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by using an electrochemical workstation as an instrument platform to prepare a blank control curve;
step S3, making a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration: preparing potassium chloride standard solutions with different concentration gradients, performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by adopting an electrochemical workstation to obtain an electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the standard solution, selecting the frequency with the most obvious impedance difference value among different concentration gradients according to the obtained electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the potassium ion standard solution, and selecting data under the frequency to prepare a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration;
step S4, detecting potassium ion concentration: and adding a sample solution to be detected from the reaction cavity, dripping the sample solution onto a potassium ion selective membrane of the interdigital gold electrode, performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by using an electrochemical workstation, and obtaining the potassium ion concentration according to a linear curve corresponding to impedance and the potassium ion concentration.
In the foregoing embodiment, the preparation of the potassium ion selective membrane solution in step S1 specifically includes:
dissolving a potassium ion carrier valinomycin, an ion exchanger sodium tetraborate, a polymer matrix material polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer dioctyl sebacate in tetrahydrofuran, uniformly stirring to prepare a viscous solution serving as a potassium ion selective membrane liquid, wherein the mass percent of the potassium ion carrier is 1.5-2.8%, the mass percent of the ion exchanger is 0.5-0.8%, the mass percent of the polymer matrix material is 32.2-36.6% and the mass percent of the plasticizer is 62.5-68.4% based on the total mass of solutes.
In the scheme, the alternating voltage for performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by the electrochemical workstation is 500 millivolts, and the sweep frequency range is 10 Hz-1 MHz.
In the foregoing scheme, the linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration in step S3 is:
y＝-0.25x-0.8198，R2＝0.9149。
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the interdigital gold electrode sensor is combined with the potassium ion selective membrane taking valinomycin as an ionophore, and based on impedance measurement, a reference electrode does not need to be arranged outside, so that the sensor is compact in structure, small in size and simplified in operation process; the integrated operation table can quickly realize the functions of injection type cleaning and hot air drying, does not need to disassemble the reaction cavity, and is simple and convenient to operate; the invention can be used for measuring the concentration of potassium ions in the trace test sample liquid, consumes trace reagents and medicines and reduces the cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a potassium ion concentration detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a potassium ion sensor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a reaction chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hot air drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an impedance spectrum of potassium ion detected by the potassium ion concentration detection apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a linear relationship diagram between impedance and concentration of the potassium ion concentration detection device after reacting with potassium ions of different concentrations;
FIG. 7 shows the performance test results of the potassium ion sensor in the mixed solution.
In the figure, 1, a sensor; 101. interdigital fingers; 102. a potassium ion selective membrane; 103. a glass substrate; 2. a reaction chamber; 201. a sample inlet; 202. a liquid inlet; 203. a liquid outlet; 204. an air inlet; 3. an injection type cleaning device; 4. a hot air drying mechanism; 401. an electric heating wire; 402. an electric motor; 403. a switch; 5. an operation table; 6, a spring clip; 7. an electrochemical workstation; 8. and (4) a beaker.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane 102, wherein the potassium ion selective membrane 102 is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode. The potassium ion selective membrane liquid of the potassium ion selective membrane (102) comprises 1.5-2.8% by mass of potassium ion carrier, 0.5-0.8% by mass of ion exchanger, 32.2-36.6% by mass of polymer matrix and 62.5-68.4% by mass of plasticizer, wherein the potassium ion carrier is valinomycin, the ion exchanger is sodium tetraborate, the polymer matrix is polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate.
Fig. 1-4 show a preferred embodiment of the potassium ion concentration detection device based on impedance analysis, which comprises a sensor part 1 composed of interdigital gold electrodes manufactured by MEMS processing technology and a potassium ion selective membrane 102, a reaction chamber 2 for confining a sample liquid to be measured in an electrode sensitive area, an injection type cleaning device 3, a hot air drying part 4, and an operation table 5; the sensor 1 is arranged on an operation table 5; the reaction cavity 2 is arranged on the sensor 1, and the reaction cavity 2 is provided with a sample inlet 201; the sensor 1 comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane 102, wherein the potassium ion selective membrane 102 is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode; the interdigital gold electrode pin is connected with an electrochemical workstation 7 through a spring clamp 6, and the potassium ion concentration of the solution is reflected by detecting the impedance change inside the ion exchange membrane after the sample solution to be detected is contacted with the potassium ion selective membrane 102 on the electrode sensitive area.
According to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the reaction chamber 2 further has a liquid inlet 202 and a liquid outlet 203, and the injection type cleaning device 3 is connected to the liquid inlet 202 of the reaction chamber 2.
According to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the reaction chamber 2 is further provided with at least one air inlet 204, and the hot air drying mechanism 4 is connected to the air inlet 204. The hot air drying mechanism 4 comprises a heating wire 401, a motor 402 and a switch 403; the switch 403 is respectively connected with the heating wire 401 and the motor 402; the heating wire 401 heats the wind generated by the rotation of the motor 402, and the hot wind enters the reaction chamber 2 through the wind inlet 204.
According to the present embodiment, the interdigital electrode substrate is preferably a glass substrate 103, and has a thickness of 0.5mm, a length of 12mm, and a width of 6 mm.
According to the embodiment, preferably, the interdigital gold electrode is made by an MEMS processing technology, and is made of titanium and gold materials, the thickness of the titanium thin film is 30nm, the thickness of the gold thin film is 100nm, the interdigital electrode comprises 100 pairs of interdigital electrodes 101, the width of the interdigital electrode is 10 μm, and the distance between adjacent interdigital electrodes is 10 μm.
Preferably, in order to prevent the sample solution to be tested from diffusing towards the connection part of the rear electrode pin and the electrochemical workstation 7 under the action of tension in the test process, the reaction chamber 2 is designed to limit the sample solution to be tested in the sensitive area of the electrode. The top of the reaction cavity is provided with a conical sample inlet 201 to prevent sample liquid from volatilizing rapidly, and the bottom of the reaction cavity is connected to the operating platform 5 through a set screw.
Need use the deionized water to frequently wash in traditional test procedure, design injection type belt cleaning device 3, set up inlet 202 and liquid outlet 203 respectively in 2 tops of reaction chamber and bottom, belt cleaning device passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the inlet, and the pipeline that the deionized water links to each other through the bottom liquid outlet after wasing flows to beaker 8, need not dismounting device and realizes the cleaning function promptly.
The surface of the potassium ion selective membrane still has residual moisture after cleaning, in order to solve the problem of moisture interference, a hot air drying device 4 is designed, two air inlets 204 are arranged on one side of the reaction chamber 2, after the switch 403 is started, the electric heating wire 401 heats air generated by the rotation of the motor 402, and hot air enters the reaction chamber 2 through the air inlets, so that the drying of the potassium ion selective membrane is realized.
The operation table 5 integrates the above devices.
A method of detecting a device based on the impedance analysis based potassium ion concentration, comprising the steps of:
step S1, manufacturing a potassium ion sensor: dropwise adding the prepared potassium ion selective membrane liquid on the interdigital gold electrode to form a potassium ion selective membrane 102 for selecting potassium ions on the interdigital gold electrode, so as to obtain a potassium ion sensor based on impedance analysis;
step S2, preparing a blank comparison curve: adding PBS buffer solution into the reaction cavity 2 as a blank control, and performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by using an electrochemical workstation 7 as an instrument platform to prepare a blank control curve;
step S3, making a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration: preparing potassium chloride standard solutions with different concentration gradients, performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by using an electrochemical workstation 7 to obtain an electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the standard solution, selecting the frequency with the most obvious impedance difference value among different concentration gradients according to the obtained electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the potassium ion standard solution, and selecting data under the frequency to prepare a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration;
step S4, detecting potassium ion concentration: adding the sample liquid to be detected from the reaction cavity 2, dripping the sample liquid on the potassium ion selective membrane 102 of the interdigital gold electrode, carrying out electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by the electrochemical workstation 7, and obtaining the potassium ion concentration according to a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration.
Specifically, the method for detecting the potassium ion concentration based on impedance analysis comprises the following steps:
1, manufacturing a potassium ion sensor: dissolving a potassium ion carrier valinomycin, an ion exchanger sodium tetraborate, a polymer matrix material polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer dioctyl sebacate in tetrahydrofuran, and uniformly stirring to prepare a viscous solution. As a potassium ion selective membrane liquid, the mass percent of a potassium ion carrier, an ion exchanger and a plasticizer are respectively 1%, 0.6%, 32.8% and 65.6%, respectively based on the total mass of the solute. And (3) taking 30 mu l of prepared solution by using a liquid transfer machine, uniformly dripping the solution on the interdigital gold electrode, and after 5min of tetrahydrofuran volatilization, forming a layer of transparent sensitive film for selecting potassium ions, namely the potassium ion selective film 102 on the interdigital gold electrode to obtain the potassium ion sensor based on impedance analysis.
2, preparing a blank control curve: two pins of the interdigital gold electrode are respectively connected with the electrochemical workstation through spring clamps on the operation table, preferably, the electrochemical workstation 7 adopts a product of Zennium model of Germany Zahner instrument GmbH. Then, 30 μ l of pbs buffer (0.1M, pH 7.4) was added to the reaction chamber 2 by a pipette as a blank control, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy scanning was performed with the electrochemical workstation 7 as an instrument platform, wherein the specific test parameters were: 500 millivolt alternating voltage is applied between the two electrodes, and the sweep frequency range is 10 Hz-1 MHz.
3, making a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration: after the blank control curve measurement is finished, the injection type cleaning device is pushed, the deionized water is used for rinsing for a short time, the hot air drying device is started for drying, and after the drying is finished, 30 mul of PBS buffer solution and 30 mul of 10 mul of PBS buffer solution are respectively added again-5KCl solution of M, wait five minutes and repeat measurement step 2 to give 10-5M corresponding to the Bode diagram. Measuring steps 2 and 3 are repeated until completion 10-4M、10-3M、10-2M、10-1M and 1M measurement, and finally obtaining the potassium ion selective membrane with 6 different concentrations of 10-5，10-4，10-3，10-2，10-1Impedance spectrum curve of potassium ion interaction at 1M, as shown in FIG. 5. At low frequencies, the resistance component of the potassium ion selective membrane impedance dominates, independent of frequency, so the impedance is flat. At higher frequencies, the capacitance of the interdigitated electrodes contributes predominantly to the impedance, so that the impedance decreases with increasing frequency. It can be seen that the maximum spread in impedance amplitude between measurements is about 100Hz, so the data at this frequency was chosen to produce a linear curve of impedance versus potassium ion concentration.
On the abscissa, Δ Z (Δ Z ═ Z-Z) is the logarithm of the potassium ion concentration0，Z0Is the impedance value in PBS) as the ordinate, and a linear relationship corresponding to the linear curve is prepared as shown in fig. 6. The corresponding relation between the two is as follows:
y＝-0.25x-0.8198，R2＝0.9149
R2the fact that the linearity of the sensor is good and the measurement accuracy is high is shown by being close to 1, so that the potassium ion sensor based on impedance analysis can be used for detecting the concentration of potassium ions, and the integrated operation table greatly simplifies the detection process of the concentration of the potassium ions.
Based on the established potassium ion concentration characteristic curve, according to the common interference ion type, a mixed solution of 0.1mol potassium with known concentration and different ions is prepared, and the performance test of the potassium ion sensor is carried out. On the designed integrated operation table, the potassium ion sensor was used to measure the potassium ion concentration in the mixed solution, and the measurement results are shown in fig. 7. As can be seen from the figure, the designed potassium ion detection sensor has good selectivity on potassium ions, the measurement error is lower than 8%, the accuracy is high, and the measurement requirement of the concentration of the potassium ions in the solution can be met.
According to the invention, after the sample solution to be tested is contacted with the electrode sensitive area potassium ion selective membrane 102, the concentration of potassium ions in the solution is reflected by detecting the impedance change in the ion exchange membrane, the injection type cleaning device 3 is arranged, the reaction cavity 2 can be quickly cleaned without being disassembled, and the cleaning residue in the cavity is timely dried by the hot air drying device 4, so that the influence of the hot air drying device on the subsequent test is eliminated. The invention measures the concentration of the potassium ions through the impedance change, does not need to be externally provided with a reference electrode, has compact structure and small volume, and can be used for measuring the concentration of the potassium ions in the trace test sample liquid.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A potassium ion concentration sensor based on impedance analysis is characterized by comprising interdigital gold electrodes and a potassium ion selective membrane (102), wherein the potassium ion selective membrane (102) is decorated on the interdigital gold electrodes.
2. The impedance analysis-based potassium ion concentration sensor according to claim 1, wherein the potassium ion carrier in the potassium ion-selective membrane solution of the potassium ion-selective membrane (102) is valinomycin, the ion exchanger is sodium tetraborate, the polymer matrix material is polyvinyl chloride, and the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, wherein the mass percentage of the potassium ion carrier is 1.5% -2.8%, the mass percentage of the ion exchanger is 0.5% -0.8%, the mass percentage of the polymer matrix material is 32.2% -36.6%, and the mass percentage of the plasticizer is 62.5% -68.4%, based on the total mass of the solute.
3. A potassium ion concentration detection apparatus based on impedance analysis, characterized by comprising the sensor (1) of claim 1, a reaction chamber (2) and an operation table (5); the sensor (1) is arranged on the operating platform (5); the reaction cavity (2) is arranged on the sensor (1), and the reaction cavity (2) is provided with a sample inlet (201); the sensor (1) comprises an interdigital gold electrode and a potassium ion selective membrane (102), wherein the potassium ion selective membrane (102) is decorated on the interdigital gold electrode; the interdigital gold electrode is connected with an electrochemical workstation (7).
4. The impedance analysis-based potassium ion concentration detection apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an injection type cleaning apparatus (3); the reaction cavity (2) is also provided with a liquid inlet (202) and a liquid outlet (203), and the injection type cleaning device (3) is connected with the liquid inlet (202) of the reaction cavity (2).
5. The impedance analysis-based potassium ion concentration detection apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a hot air drying mechanism (4); the reaction cavity (2) is also provided with at least one air inlet (204), and the hot air drying mechanism (4) is connected with the air inlet (204).
6. The potassium ion concentration detection apparatus based on impedance analysis according to claim 5, wherein the hot air drying mechanism (4) comprises a heating wire (401), a motor (402) and a switch (403);
the switch (403) is respectively connected with the electric heating wire (401) and the motor (402); the electric heating wire (401) heats wind generated by the rotation of the motor (402), and the hot wind enters the reaction cavity (2) through the air inlet (204).
7. A method of the potassium ion concentration detection device based on impedance analysis according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, manufacturing a potassium ion sensor: dropwise adding the prepared potassium ion selective membrane liquid on the interdigital gold electrode to form a potassium ion selective membrane (102) for selecting potassium ions on the interdigital gold electrode, so as to obtain a potassium ion sensor based on impedance analysis;
step S2, preparing a blank comparison curve: adding PBS buffer solution into the reaction cavity (2) as a blank control, and performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by using an electrochemical workstation (7) as an instrument platform to prepare a blank control curve;
step S3, making a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration: preparing potassium chloride standard solutions with different concentration gradients, performing electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by adopting an electrochemical workstation (7) to obtain an electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the standard solution, selecting the frequency with the most obvious impedance difference value among different concentration gradients according to the obtained electrochemical impedance frequency sweep curve of the potassium ion standard solution, and selecting data under the frequency to prepare a linear curve corresponding to the impedance and the potassium ion concentration;
step S4, detecting potassium ion concentration: adding sample liquid to be detected from the reaction cavity (2), dripping the sample liquid on a potassium ion selective membrane (102) of the interdigital gold electrode, carrying out electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning by an electrochemical workstation (7), and obtaining the potassium ion concentration according to a linear curve corresponding to impedance and potassium ion concentration.
8. The method for detecting potassium ion concentration based on impedance analysis according to claim 7, wherein the potassium ion-selective membrane solution is prepared in step S1 by:
dissolving a potassium ion carrier valinomycin, an ion exchanger sodium tetraborate, a polymer matrix material polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer dioctyl sebacate in tetrahydrofuran, uniformly stirring to prepare a viscous solution serving as a potassium ion selective membrane liquid, wherein the mass percent of the potassium ion carrier is 1.5-2.8%, the mass percent of the ion exchanger is 0.5-0.8%, the mass percent of the polymer matrix material is 32.2-36.6% and the mass percent of the plasticizer is 62.5-68.4% based on the total mass of solutes.
9. The method for detecting the potassium ion concentration based on impedance analysis as recited in claim 7, wherein the alternating voltage of the electrochemical impedance spectrum scanning performed by the electrochemical workstation (7) is 500 millivolts, and the frequency scanning range is 10 Hz-1 MHz.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the impedance curve corresponding to the potassium ion concentration in step S3 is:
y＝-0.25x-0.8198，R2＝0.9149。
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