CN114198040B - Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover - Google Patents
Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover Download PDFInfo
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- CN114198040B CN114198040B CN202111570363.5A CN202111570363A CN114198040B CN 114198040 B CN114198040 B CN 114198040B CN 202111570363 A CN202111570363 A CN 202111570363A CN 114198040 B CN114198040 B CN 114198040B
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- bottom end
- piston
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a recyclable intra-casing anchoring mechanism, which comprises a body assembly, a slip assembly, a driving executing mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein the slip assembly, the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly; the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly, and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in the axial direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving executing mechanism; the locking mechanism is configured to prevent movement of the slip assembly in a direction toward the axis of the body assembly. When the anchoring device is used, the anchoring device penetrates into a sleeve, the slip assembly, the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly, and the driving executing mechanism is adopted to act on the slip assembly, so that the slip assembly forms pressure on the inner wall of the sleeve, the locking mechanism is used for fixing the position of the slip assembly, and larger static friction is generated between the slip assembly and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the anchoring is realized. When the anchoring needs to be released, the slip assembly is released, so that lateral pressure does not exist on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the anchoring is released; the product can be reused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a recyclable casing pipe internal anchoring mechanism with the characteristic of preventing accidental rotation or axial movement.
Background
In the completion of oil or gas drilling, as shown in fig. 1, the downhole tool, including the in-casing anchoring mechanism, is reliably secured within the casing and can be de-anchored, if necessary, and is critical to completing the associated downhole operation, such as a casing window sidetracking operation, and the whipstock is very reliably secured within the casing while reliably de-anchored, if necessary, is critical to successfully completing the casing window operation.
In the existing anchoring tool, the failure of window opening caused by rotation or movement of the whipstock due to unreliable anchoring often occurs. The unreliable factors of seat hanging mainly comprise the points that firstly, the structure of the slip teeth is unreasonable, and in order to meet the characteristic of releasable anchoring, some tools only have axial unidirectional slips, so that the tools can only move downwards. When subjected to upward forces, it is prone to accidental un-anchoring, and the tool moves up, causing failure of anchoring. The slip not having the anti-rotation function can cause rotation of the anchoring mechanism, rotation of a tool connected with the anchoring mechanism, and failure of related operations. Secondly, the self-locking mechanism is absent or unreliable; thereby causing rotation or movement of the anchoring mechanism. Thirdly, the slip occlusal surface is unreasonable in design. The anchoring mechanism is connected to a tool, such as a whipstock, connected thereto, and in the anchored state, the anchoring mechanism is not coaxial with the cannula axis due to functional requirements. Existing tools on the market do not take into account the misalignment during the slip design process, resulting in localized engagement of the slips, and thus, unreliable anchoring.
In addition, the existing anchor tool is often scrapped only once, cannot be reused, has extremely high resource waste, is not energy-saving and is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a recyclable intra-casing anchoring mechanism, which comprises a body assembly, a slip assembly, a driving executing mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein the slip assembly, the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly, and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in the axial direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving executing mechanism;
the locking mechanism is configured to prevent movement of the slip assembly in a direction toward the axis of the body assembly.
Optionally, the body assembly comprises a body, an outer barrel and a bottom end cover; the top of the outer cylinder is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is connected with a bottom end cover through a locating pin;
the drive actuator and the locking mechanism are both mounted inside the outer barrel of the body assembly.
Optionally, a cutting surface is arranged on the side surface of the body, the axial distance between the cutting surface and the body is gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the distance between the bottom end of the cutting surface and the bottom end of the body is a preset height, and a track is arranged on the cutting surface from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is cooperatively mounted with the track and is movable along the track.
Optionally, the driving executing mechanism comprises a hydraulic component, a push rod, a compression rod and a thrust spring; the hydraulic component is connected with the compression bar;
the body is provided with a guide hole from the bottom end of the body to the cutting surface, the push rod passes through the guide hole, and the top end of the push rod is in contact with the slip assembly;
before use, the compression bar is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover through the shearing pin, the bottom of the thrust spring is contacted with the bottom end cover, the compression bar compresses the thrust spring downwards from the top of the thrust spring, and the compression bar props against the bottom end of the push rod;
when the hydraulic assembly is used, the hydraulic assembly applies tension to the compression bar through the increase, so that the shearing pin is sheared to break the fixation between the compression bar and the bottom end cover, and the compression bar pushes the push bar to move upwards under the action of the thrust spring.
Optionally, the locking mechanism comprises a lock ring, a lock ring baffle and a limit pin;
the periphery of the push rod is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring is provided with a second inclined tooth matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with a containing part, and the locking ring is sleeved with the push rod and is installed on the containing part;
the locking ring baffle is fixedly connected with the body through a limiting pin, and the locking ring baffle prevents the locking ring from falling out of the accommodating part.
Optionally, the hydraulic assembly includes a first piston seal ring, a second piston seal ring, and a connecting rod;
the bottom center of the body is provided with a piston cavity, the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity at intervals from bottom to top, the side wall of the piston cavity is provided with a pressure transmission hole, the pressure transmission hole is positioned at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring, and the distance between the pressure transmission hole and the first piston sealing ring is smaller than the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring;
the first piston sealing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity;
the connecting rod passes through the first piston sealing ring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the second piston sealing ring, and the second piston sealing ring can move up and down in the piston cavity;
the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the compression bar.
Optionally, an outer side of the slip assembly facing away from the body assembly is provided with a concave-convex shape, the concave-convex shape including one or more of a multi-sided tapered protrusion, a longitudinal rack, and a transverse rack.
Optionally, the slip subassembly includes lower slips and well slips, lower slips and well slips deviate from the lateral surface of body subassembly and are equipped with unsmooth shape.
Optionally, the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the lower slip facing away from the body assembly comprises multi-surface conical protrusions arranged in an array manner;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip facing away from the body assembly comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack.
Optionally, the side of body sets up a plurality of slips subassemblies along circumference interval, and every slips subassembly is furnished with the push rod, and the bottom of each push rod contacts with same depression bar.
When the recyclable intra-casing anchoring mechanism is used by penetrating into a casing, the slip assembly, the driving actuating mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly, the slip assembly is driven to move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in the axial direction of the body assembly by adopting the driving actuating mechanism, the slip assembly is contacted with the inner wall of the casing and forms pressure on the inner wall of the casing, the locking mechanism is used for preventing the slip assembly from moving in the axial direction of the body assembly (namely preventing the slip assembly from not contacting the inner wall of the casing), and larger static friction is generated between the slip assembly and the inner wall of the casing by the pressure of the slip assembly, so that the fixing, the rotation prevention and/or the axial movement are realized. When the anchoring needs to be released, the actuating mechanism is driven to release the action on the slip assembly, so that the slip assembly does not have lateral pressure on the inner wall of the sleeve, and mutual static friction is avoided, namely the anchoring is released, and the state capable of rotating and/or axially moving is restored; the product of the invention can not be scrapped after being used once, can be recycled and reused, and saves resources and cost.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an intra-casing anchoring mechanism of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is an elevation cross-sectional view of a retractable intra-cannula anchor mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exterior elevation view of an embodiment of the retractable intra-cannula anchor mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic elevation view of the inclination angle formed by the slip assembly and the inner wall of the casing as used in an embodiment of the retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a retrievable intra-cannula anchoring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a body assembly employing a body in an embodiment of a retrievable intra-cannula anchor mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of section A-A of the body of the embodiment of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a section C-C of the body of the embodiment of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a middle slip employed in an embodiment of a retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a lower slip employed in an embodiment of the retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a locking collar employed in an embodiment of a retrievable intra-cannula anchoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a lock ring baffle employed in an embodiment of a retrievable intra-cannula anchor mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing the internal structure of the body assembly when the embodiment of the anchoring mechanism in the recoverable sleeve of the present invention is used in the sleeve.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2-13, embodiments of the present invention provide a retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism comprising a body assembly and a slip assembly, drive actuator and locking mechanism 29 mounted on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly, and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in the axial direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving executing mechanism;
the locking mechanism 29 is capable of preventing movement of the slip assembly in the direction of the axis of the body assembly.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the intraductal anchoring mechanism of sleeve pipe of this scheme is penetrating intraductal use, during the use, through setting up the slips subassembly on the body subassembly, drive actuating mechanism and locking mechanical system, adopt the action of drive actuating mechanism to the slips subassembly, let the slips subassembly do the side that the skew body subassembly axis direction moved to the protrusion body subassembly, slips subassembly and casing inner wall contact and form the pressure to the casing inner wall, and prevent the slips subassembly to do the removal towards the axis direction of body subassembly (prevent that slips subassembly from not contacting with the casing inner wall promptly), make the great stiction of production between the two by the pressure of slips subassembly to the casing inner wall, thereby realize fixedly, prevent rotation and/or axial displacement. When the anchoring needs to be released, the actuating mechanism is driven to release the action on the slip assembly, so that the slip assembly does not have lateral pressure on the inner wall of the sleeve, and mutual static friction is avoided, namely the anchoring is released, and the state capable of rotating and/or axially moving is restored; the product of the invention can not be scrapped after being used once, can be recycled and reused, and saves resources and cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the body assembly includes a body 1, an outer barrel 14 and a bottom end cap 15; the top of the outer cylinder 14 is sleeved at the bottom end of the body 1, and the bottom of the outer cylinder 14 is connected with a bottom end cover 15 through a positioning pin 21;
the drive actuator and locking mechanism 29 are both mounted inside the outer barrel 14 of the body assembly.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the cross section shapes of the body, the outer cylinder and the bottom end cover of the scheme can be round, polygonal or regular polygonal; the top of the outer cylinder is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, the bottom end cover is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, a cavity is formed in the outer cylinder, and the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are both arranged in the cavity at the inner side of the outer cylinder of the body assembly, so that the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism can be protected, and the service lives of the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are prolonged; the anchoring mechanism can not influence rotation and/or axial movement in the non-anchoring state, and can realize anchoring when the anchoring is needed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 7, the side surface of the body 1 is provided with a cutting surface, the axial distance between the cutting surface and the body 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the bottom end of the cutting surface is spaced from the bottom end of the body 1 by a preset height, and the cutting surface is provided with a track from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is cooperatively mounted with the track and is movable along the track.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the inclined cutting face is arranged on the side face of the body, the track is arranged on the cutting face, the track can be a bulge type or a groove type, the section of the track can be trapezoid or T-shaped, and the slip assembly is provided with a matching part with the track; as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the section of the matching part of the slip assembly and the rail is a trapezoid protrusion, correspondingly, the section of the rail is a trapezoid groove, the trapezoid protrusion is matched with the trapezoid groove, and the trapezoid protrusion can move in the trapezoid groove; the slip assembly is arranged on a track, and the slip assembly moves along the track under the pushing action of a driving executing mechanism during anchoring, and the moving direction during anchoring is along the direction from the inclined cutting surface to the side surface of the protruding body away from the axis to contact with the inner wall of the sleeve to form extrusion; the moving direction is opposite when the anchoring is released, the distance between the inclined cutting face and the axis is continuously reduced until the inclined cutting face does not protrude out of the side surface of the body, and the inclined cutting face and the inner wall of the sleeve are not extruded; simple structure is easy to realize and operate, and can reduce cost in mass production.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the drive actuator comprises a hydraulic assembly, a push rod 6, a compression rod and a thrust spring 13; the hydraulic component is connected with the compression bar;
the body 1 is provided with a guide hole 28 from the bottom end of the body 1 to the cutting surface, the push rod 6 passes through the guide hole 28, and the top end of the push rod 6 is contacted with the slip assembly;
before use, the compression bar is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover 15 through the shear pin 20, the bottom of the thrust spring 13 is in contact with the bottom end cover 15, the compression bar compresses the thrust spring 13 downwards from the top of the thrust spring 13, and the compression bar props against the bottom end of the push rod 6;
when the hydraulic assembly is used, the shearing pin 20 is sheared to break the fixation between the pressing rod and the bottom end cover 15 by increasing the pulling force applied to the pressing rod, so that the pressing rod pushes the pushing rod 6 to move upwards under the action of the pushing spring 13.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the shearing pin can be formed by fixedly connecting the pressure bar and the bottom end cover in a lateral direction, when the pressure bar receives upward tension from the hydraulic component, the pressure bar and the bottom end cover form shearing force on the shearing pin, and when the upward tension is larger than limit shearing force which can be born by the shearing pin, the shearing pin is sheared; if the shear pin is not arranged laterally but is arranged longitudinally, the shear pin needs to be broken by the limit tensile force which can be born by the super shear pin; the scheme adopts a thrust spring and a hydraulic component to form thrust to the slip component through a push rod, so as to realize anchoring; the structure is simple, the components are easy to obtain and easy to standard, and the cost can be reduced by mass production.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 11-12, the locking mechanism 29 includes the lock ring 4, the lock ring baffle 5, and the stop pin 22;
the periphery of the push rod 6 is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod 6 from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring 4 is provided with a second inclined tooth 42 matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with a containing part, and the lock ring 4 is sleeved with the push rod 6 and is arranged on the containing part;
the lock ring baffle 5 is fixedly connected with the body 1 through a limit pin 22, and the lock ring baffle 5 prevents the lock ring 4 from falling out of the accommodating part.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the cross section of the lock ring in the scheme is annular and is provided with the notch 41, and when the lock ring is subjected to radial force, the width of the notch 41 can be changed, so that the lock ring has certain radial elasticity similar to the clamp spring; the cross section shapes of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth can be right triangles, the annular surfaces corresponding to right angle sides of the right angle triangle cross sections of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth are mutually matched and prevented from moving relatively to form unidirectional locking when axial force is applied, and the annular surfaces corresponding to hypotenuses of the right angle triangle cross sections of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth are mutually matched and the locking ring is radially spread when axial force is applied so that the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth move relatively; the elastic space that the catch was propped radially is reserved to the holding portion, and the height dimension of holding portion is unanimous with the catch in order to prevent that the catch from taking place axial displacement under the effect of catch baffle, and after the spacing pin of catch baffle exceeded the atress limit fracture, the catch received the axial force that the push rod transmitted from slip subassembly and moved along with the push rod to deviating from holding portion direction to the anchor is relieved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 6-8, the hydraulic assembly comprises a first piston seal ring 8, a second piston seal ring 7 and a connecting rod 9;
the center of the bottom of the body 1 is provided with a piston cavity 26, the first piston sealing ring 8 and the second piston sealing ring 7 are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity 26 at intervals from bottom to top, the side wall of the piston cavity 26 is provided with a pressure transmission hole 27, the pressure transmission hole 27 is positioned at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring 8, and the distance between the pressure transmission hole 27 and the first piston sealing ring 8 is smaller than the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring 8 and the second piston sealing ring 7;
the first piston sealing ring 8 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity 26;
the connecting rod 9 passes through the first piston sealing ring 8, and the upper end of the connecting rod 9 is connected with the second piston sealing ring 7, and the second piston sealing ring 7 can move up and down in the piston cavity 26;
the lower end of the connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected with the compression bar.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the first piston sealing ring comprises a first piston and a piston sealing ring sleeved on the first piston, and the second piston sealing ring comprises a second piston and a piston sealing ring sleeved on the second piston; the piston between the first piston sealing ring and the connecting rod and the piston between the second piston sealing ring and the connecting rod are both sealed by adopting a piston inner sealing ring 17, the first piston sealing ring is sealed by adopting a first piston outer sealing ring 19, the second piston sealing ring is sealed by adopting a second piston outer sealing ring 18, a sliding piston 10 can be arranged between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring, the sliding piston 10 is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the height of the sliding piston 10 does not exceed the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring; when the pressure transmission hole is used, the pressure transmission hole is connected with hydraulic equipment through a hydraulic pipe, hydraulic pressure is applied to a piston cavity at a gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring, the connecting rod can be connected with the lower end face of the second piston sealing ring by adopting a pin, a hinge or welding, and also can be cut off by adopting a shaft shoulder (namely the diameter of the connecting rod at the upper end part of the second piston sealing ring is larger than the diameter of the lower part of the connecting rod) which is arranged at the center of the second piston sealing ring and penetrates through the through hole and is arranged at the upper end of the second piston sealing ring as shown in fig. 2, so that the second piston sealing ring moves upwards in the piston cavity, the connecting rod is driven by the second piston sealing ring to move upwards, and the connecting rod is driven by the connecting rod to move upwards so that the cutting pin is cut off; the push rod is pushed by the push rod to move upwards under the action of the push spring, the push rod pushes the slip assembly to move upwards along the track of the cutting face, so that the slip assembly protrudes out of the outer peripheral surface of the body to be in contact with the sleeve, lateral pressure is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, friction force is generated, and the body is prevented from acting to anchor; then, a certain pressure can be applied to the anchoring mechanism through a drill pipe and other operation pipe columns, the anchoring mechanism is further anchored on the basis of initial anchoring, and the capability of the anchoring mechanism for coping with torque and axial force is improved; in the anchored state, the body axis may be at an angle relative to the axis of the casing, and the outer circumference of the slip assembly may likewise form an angle with the casing inner wall 30, as shown in FIG. 4 at an angle of 0.5 degrees; in order to provide a reliable anchoring, the outer cylindrical surface of the slips may be arranged concentric with the inner cylindrical surface of the casing in the anchored state, thereby providing a full-face bite, resulting in a reliable anchoring.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 13, the compression bar comprises a connection disc 11 and a bottom joint 12, a threaded hole is arranged in the center of the connection disc 11, and an external thread which is in fit connection with the threaded hole is arranged at the upper end of the bottom joint 12;
the connecting disc 11 is pressed on the top of the thrust spring 13, the bottom joint 12 passes through the ring of the thrust spring 13, and the lower end of the bottom joint 12 is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover 15 through the shear pin 20.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the cross section size of the bottom joint in the scheme is smaller than the inner diameter of the thrust spring, and the size of the connecting disc is larger than the outer diameter of the thrust spring; the bottom end cover is provided with a through hole, the bottom end of the bottom joint can be provided with a mounting and pulling hole with internal threads, and when the bottom end cover is assembled, a tool with external threads can be adopted to penetrate through the through hole of the bottom end cover from below to be connected with the mounting and pulling hole, so that an initial pulling force is given to the bottom joint through the tool, the thrust spring is compressed, and the bottom joint and the bottom end cover are conveniently fixed by the shearing pin.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-5 and 9-10, the slip assembly includes a lower slip 3 and a middle slip 2, the outer sides of the lower slip 3 and the middle slip 2 facing away from the body assembly being provided with a concave-convex shape;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the lower slip 3 facing away from the body assembly comprises multi-surface conical protrusions which are arranged in an array manner;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip 2, which faces away from the body assembly, comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack;
the middle slip 2 is provided with a second limit pin 23, the second limit pin 23 is fixed on the cutting face of the body 1 and used for limiting the upper end face position of the middle slip 2 before use, and when the middle slip 2 is pushed to move upwards, the second limit pin 23 can be cut off by a shearing force;
the cutting surface is provided with a third limit pin 24, and the third limit pin 24 is used for fixing the positions of the lower slips 3 and the middle slips 2 during transportation, and is removed after being transported to a using destination;
the slip assembly further comprises an upper slip 16 and a fixing pin 25, a groove is formed in the side face of the body 1, the upper slip 16 is fixed in the groove in the side face of the body 1 through the fixing pin 25, and the upper slip 16 protrudes out of the side face of the body 1; the grooves and the cutting faces are respectively positioned in opposite directions of the side face of the body.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the slip assembly in the scheme comprises an upper slip, a lower slip and a middle slip, wherein the upper slip is fixed in a groove on the side surface of the body through a fixed pin, the groove and the cutting surface are respectively positioned in opposite directions of the side surface of the body, the groove and the cutting surface can be respectively positioned at different axial height positions of the body, and the upper slip plays a role in righting; the outer side surface of the lower slips and the middle clips 2, which deviate from the body component, is provided with concave-convex shapes, so that the friction force of the lower slips and the middle clips, which are contacted with the inner wall of the sleeve during anchoring, can be enhanced, and the anchoring is firmer; the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip adopts a longitudinal rack to strengthen the friction force for preventing rotation, and adopts a transverse rack to strengthen the friction force for preventing axial movement; the concave-convex shape of the lower slip adopts a multi-surface conical bulge which is arranged in an array mode, for example, four-surface conical bulges can be adopted, one joint conical head of the four triangular surfaces faces the radial outer side of the lower slip, two triangular surfaces face and are along the axial direction, and the other two triangular surfaces face and are along the radial direction, so that the friction force for preventing axial movement and rotation can be enhanced simultaneously.
In one embodiment, a plurality of slip assemblies are circumferentially arranged on the side surface of the body 1 at intervals, each slip assembly is provided with a push rod 6, and the bottom end of each push rod 6 is in contact with the same push rod.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: in the scheme, a plurality of slip assemblies are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the body 1, if two slip assemblies are arranged, the centers of the slip assemblies and the shaft center are at the same straight line position (namely 180 degrees in the circumferential direction), if three slip assemblies are arranged, the central angle of a connecting line between the centers of the slip assemblies and the shaft center is 120 degrees, the stress distribution of a connecting disc of the pressure lever is more balanced, the action is more stable, and the connecting disc cannot incline or form a clamping condition with the inner wall of the outer cylinder to influence the movement of the connecting disc; additionally, the provision of multiple slip assemblies may enhance the anchoring effect.
In one embodiment, the section of the push rod is circular or polygonal, and the minimum size of the section of the push rod meets the following formula in combination with the concave-convex shape on the outer side surface of the slip assembly:
in the above, D min The smallest dimension of the cross section of the push rod, the smallest dimension being the diameter if the cross section is circular, the smallest dimension being the smaller of the square width and thickness if the cross section is square; l represents the length of the push rod; w represents the minimum size of the middle section of the bulge in the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the slip assembly, and the middle section of the bulge refers to the section of the middle position of the vertical height of the top of the bulge and the bottom of the bulge; μ represents the coefficient of friction of the slip assembly with the inner wall of the casing; k represents the arrangement density coefficient of the bulges in the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the slip assembly, namely the number of the bulges arranged on the unit area of the outer side surface of the slip assembly; τ represents the axial flow induction factor at which rotation occurs; p represents tangential moment of the central position of the push rod relative to the circumferential direction of the axis of the body, and the tangential moment is formed by the push rodThe positions of the center and the axis of the body are determined, and the design is preset.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the method adopts the above formula to determine the relation between the section size and the length of the push rod, the design of the push rod needs to be combined with the design and the use requirement of a product, the design is reflected in the formula and is related to factors such as the inner wall of a sleeve, the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of a slip assembly, the rotation which is required to be stopped by anchoring and the like, and the formula is considered as dimensionless when being calculated, and only the numerical relation is examined; by adopting the scheme, the size of the push rod can be accurately and reasonably selected during design, the push rod is prevented from being vulnerable or the anchoring failure caused by improper size design, and the stability and reliability of the product are ensured.
In order to promote the smooth completion of casing windowing or other operations of an oil and gas well, avoid the early anchoring of tools in the process of entering the well, avoid unexpected axial movement or rotation after anchoring and simultaneously have the performance of anchoring release, the invention designs a mechanism anchored by hydraulic pressure, which has the characteristics of preventing unexpected movement or rotation and simultaneously has the characteristic of anchoring release.
When the slip assembly is divided into an upper slip, a middle slip and a lower slip, wherein the upper slip plays a supporting and righting role, and the body leans against the inner wall of the sleeve; the middle slip is provided with a slip tooth preventing rotation and a slip tooth preventing axial movement; the lower slips are main slips, and slip teeth mainly prevent the tool from moving downwards and axially.
When in a well logging state, the slips are limited in an initial state by the limiting screws, and the effective diameter of the slips is smaller than the diameter of the body of the slips, so that the slips are prevented from being anchored in advance in the well logging process.
When the well is in a preset position and anchoring is required to be started, because hydraulic pressure or circulating liquid provided by the ground is transmitted to the piston cavity through the pressure transmission hole on the body through the pressure transmission hole, the second piston sealing ring is pushed to move, the second piston sealing ring drives the upper joint of the connecting rod to move, and when the liquid pressure reaches a certain value, the shearing pin is sheared. When the well is drilled, the thrust spring is in a compressed state, after the shearing pin is sheared, the spring is released to push the connecting disc, the connecting disc pushes the lower slip push rod, the middle slip and the lower slip are pushed to move, the middle slip limiting pin is sheared to further move, and the middle and lower slips are meshed with the casing wall to finish primary anchoring. And then, a certain pressure is applied to the anchoring mechanism through a drill pipe and other operation pipe columns, so that the anchoring mechanism is further anchored on the basis of initial anchoring, and the capability of the anchoring mechanism for coping with torque and axial force is increased. The connecting rod is provided with teeth which incline to one direction and are matched with the teeth on the lock ring in the direction, so that the connecting rod can only move in the direction of pushing the slips to anchor, and therefore the slips are locked in a fixed position after the anchoring is completed.
In the anchoring state, the axis of the body has a certain inclination angle relative to the axis of the cylinder in the sleeve. In order to form a reliable anchoring action, the outer cylindrical surface of the slips and the inner cylindrical surface of the casing are concentric in the anchored state, so that a full-face engagement is formed, and a reliable anchoring is formed.
When the upper slip is assembled, the body 1 is fixed firstly, the upper slip 16 is placed in a corresponding groove on the body, and the upper slip fixing screw 25 is screwed on; mounting the lower slips 3 on the body; mounting the middle slips 2 on the body; installing a second limit pin 23; installing a third limit pin 24; mounting the push rod 6 to the corresponding guide hole of the body; installing a locking ring 4; installing the lock ring baffle 5 and tightening the locating pin 22; mounting second piston seal rings and seal rings 17, 18; mounting the second piston and the second piston sealing ring to the connecting rod 9; mounting the connecting rod and the second piston into the body piston bore; mounting a sliding piston into the body piston bore; mounting a first piston sealing ring and sealing rings 17, 19, and mounting a second piston; connecting the connecting disc 11 with the connecting rod through threads; installing a power spring 13; threads connecting the lower joint 12 and the connection disc 11; connecting the outer cylinder 14 threads and the body threads; the bottom end cover is in threaded connection with the outer cylinder; installing and screwing the positioning pin 21; a shear pin 20 is installed.
When the device is used, the anchoring mechanism is connected with other tools on the upper part through threads or pins, and the third limiting pin 24 is dismounted before entering the well; connecting a pressure transmission pipeline (hydraulic pipe) to the body pressure transmission hole; the upper end of the pressure transmission pipeline is connected with an upper tool; the well is put into a preset position, the pump is started to generate pressure, the shearing pin 20 is sheared, the power spring is released, the push rod is pushed, and the push rod pushes the lower slips and the middle slips to contact the inner wall of the casing and anchor in the casing; after anchoring, the structural design of the slips ensures that the slips are in full contact with the inner wall of the casing; if necessary, a certain weight can be applied from the wellhead from above, increasing the pressing and anchoring forces; after anchoring, the position of the push rod is locked at a fixed position by the lock sleeve, so that accidents of the downhole tool caused by unexpected anchoring release are avoided. When the anchor needs to be released, only the tool string (anchoring mechanism) needs to be lifted from the wellhead, and when the lifting force reaches the tensile strength of the lock ring baffle positioning pin 22, the pin is pulled off, the middle slip and the lower slip move downwards, and the anchor is released.
The invention is mainly used in the field of petroleum and natural gas, has the characteristic of preventing accidental rotation or axial movement, and is a recyclable anchoring mechanism in the casing of the downhole tool. It has the characteristics of preventing unexpected removal or rotation, has simultaneously can go on the characteristics of releasing the anchor. The middle slip and the lower slip of the slip mechanism are two independent parts, and the middle slip and the lower slip can have independent tracks on the body. The middle slip and the lower slip can also be combined into one piece; the upper slips play a role in strengthening the body resistance.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The recyclable intra-casing anchoring mechanism is characterized by comprising a body assembly, a slip assembly, a driving executing mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein the slip assembly, the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are installed on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly, and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in the axial direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving executing mechanism;
the locking mechanism can prevent the slip assembly from moving towards the axial direction of the body assembly;
the body assembly comprises a body, an outer cylinder and a bottom end cover; the top of the outer cylinder is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is connected with a bottom end cover through a locating pin;
the driving executing mechanism and the locking mechanism are both arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder of the body assembly;
the side face of the body is provided with a cutting face, the axial distance between the cutting face and the body is gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the distance between the bottom end of the cutting face and the bottom end of the body is a preset height, and the cutting face is provided with a track from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is mounted in a matched manner with the track and can move along the track;
the driving executing mechanism comprises a hydraulic component, a push rod, a compression rod and a thrust spring; the hydraulic component is connected with the compression bar;
the body is provided with a guide hole from the bottom end of the body to the cutting surface, the push rod passes through the guide hole, and the top end of the push rod is in contact with the slip assembly;
before use, the compression bar is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover through the shearing pin, the bottom of the thrust spring is contacted with the bottom end cover, the compression bar compresses the thrust spring downwards from the top of the thrust spring, and the compression bar props against the bottom end of the push rod;
when the hydraulic assembly is used, the shearing pin is sheared to break the fixation between the pressure rod and the bottom end cover by increasing the pulling force applied to the pressure rod, so that the pressure rod pushes the pressure rod to move upwards under the action of the thrust spring;
the locking mechanism comprises a locking ring, a locking ring baffle and a limiting pin;
the periphery of the push rod is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring is provided with a second inclined tooth matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with a containing part, and the locking ring is sleeved with the push rod and is installed on the containing part;
the locking ring baffle is fixedly connected with the body through a limiting pin, and the locking ring baffle prevents the locking ring from falling out of the accommodating part.
2. The retrievable intra-cannula anchor mechanism of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic assembly comprises a first piston seal ring, a second piston seal ring, and a connecting rod;
the bottom center of the body is provided with a piston cavity, the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity at intervals from bottom to top, the side wall of the piston cavity is provided with a pressure transmission hole, the pressure transmission hole is positioned at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring, and the distance between the pressure transmission hole and the first piston sealing ring is smaller than the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring;
the first piston sealing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity;
the connecting rod passes through the first piston sealing ring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the second piston sealing ring, and the second piston sealing ring can move up and down in the piston cavity;
the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the compression bar.
3. The retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 1, wherein an outer side of the slip assembly facing away from the body assembly is provided with a relief shape comprising one or more of a multi-sided tapered protrusion, a longitudinal rack, and a transverse rack.
4. The retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 1, wherein the slip assembly comprises a lower slip and a middle slip, the outer sides of the lower slip and the middle slip facing away from the body assembly being provided with a concave-convex shape.
5. The retrievable intra-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 4, wherein the concave-convex shape of the outer side of the lower slips facing away from the body assembly comprises multi-sided tapered projections arranged in an array;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip facing away from the body assembly comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack.
6. The retractable in-casing anchor mechanism of claim 1, wherein the side of the body is provided with a plurality of slip assemblies circumferentially spaced apart, each slip assembly being configured with a push rod, and wherein the bottom end of each push rod is in contact with the same push rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111570363.5A CN114198040B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111570363.5A CN114198040B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover |
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| CN114198040A CN114198040A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114198040B true CN114198040B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN101158276A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-09 | 白霞 | Anti-jack slips anchoring propulsion mechanism |
| CN106761541A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of Hydraulic Anchorage sealing device |
| CN208486863U (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-02-12 | 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 | A kind of retrievable hydraulic packer of big orifice bidirectionally anchoring |
| CN110863793A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-06 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
| CN211342870U (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8899336B2 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2014-12-02 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Anchor for use with expandable tubular |
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2021
- 2021-12-21 CN CN202111570363.5A patent/CN114198040B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101158276A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-09 | 白霞 | Anti-jack slips anchoring propulsion mechanism |
| CN106761541A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of Hydraulic Anchorage sealing device |
| CN208486863U (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-02-12 | 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 | A kind of retrievable hydraulic packer of big orifice bidirectionally anchoring |
| CN110863793A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-06 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
| CN211342870U (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
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| CN114198040A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
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