CN114196857A - High-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for extra-high voltage line and preparation process - Google Patents
High-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for extra-high voltage line and preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114196857A CN114196857A CN202111453626.4A CN202111453626A CN114196857A CN 114196857 A CN114196857 A CN 114196857A CN 202111453626 A CN202111453626 A CN 202111453626A CN 114196857 A CN114196857 A CN 114196857A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- -1 aluminum manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum strontium Chemical compound [Al].[Sr] YNDGDLJDSBUSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001095 light aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FWGZLZNGAVBRPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;strontium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Sr] FWGZLZNGAVBRPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/064—Obtaining aluminium refining using inert or reactive gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage circuit and a preparation process thereof, wherein the formula comprises the following components: the aluminum ingot, the crystalline silicon, the copper ingot, the aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, the aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy; the invention improves the tensile strength and toughness of the alloy aluminum material through refining treatment, reduces the risk of circuit breakage, improves the working reliability of the circuit, improves the hardness of the alloy aluminum material, enhances the corrosion resistance of the alloy aluminum material, reduces the damage of the circuit in severe environments of high cold and high altitude, prolongs the service life of the extra-high voltage circuit, does not need galvanizing treatment, does not generate toxic and harmful wastewater, and is safe and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light alloy aluminum materials, in particular to a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage circuit and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The extra-high voltage line refers to an electric energy transmission line with voltage level of plus or minus 800 kilovolt and more direct current and 1000 kilovolt and more alternating current. With the rapid development of science and technology, the replacement of steel-cored aluminum alloy stranded wires by high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy stranded wires on extra-high voltage lines has received general attention internationally. The high-strength heat-resistant all-aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy conductor material with high tensile strength and good heat resistance, and has the outstanding advantages of high use temperature, good heat resistance, excellent conductivity, large current-carrying capacity, high tensile strength, light weight, good sag characteristic, excellent welding performance, excellent corrosion resistance and the like after being made into a lead. The production and application of the high-strength heat-resistant all-aluminum alloy stranded wire in China are still in the starting stage, but due to the advantages of simple wire connection, convenient maintenance, economic engineering comprehensive construction cost and the like in the application process, the high-strength heat-resistant all-aluminum alloy stranded wire becomes a use object in line reconstruction and large-span line construction gradually. The ultra-high voltage transmission is developed on the basis of ultra-high voltage transmission, and the purpose of the ultra-high voltage transmission is to continuously improve the transmission capability, realize high-power medium and long-distance transmission, realize long-distance power system interconnection and build a combined power system.
However, most of traditional alloy aluminum materials are low in tensile strength and poor in toughness, the problem of line breakage easily occurs in the using process, the working reliability of the extra-high voltage line is inevitably influenced, the anti-corrosion treatment is carried out in a surface galvanizing mode, a large amount of toxic and harmful waste water is easily generated in the preparation process, the environment is seriously polluted, meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is insufficient, the damage is serious in severe environments of high and cold altitude, and the service life of the extra-high voltage line is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage circuit and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the aluminum ingot, the crystalline silicon, the copper ingot, the aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, the aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy.
A preparation process of a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials; step two, smelting; step three, refining; step four, thinning; step five, hot casting; step six, hot rolling;
in the first step, 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are weighed according to the weight parts of the components for later use.
And in the second step, pouring the aluminum ingot prepared in the first step into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, performing initial-stage heating to melt the aluminum ingot into molten aluminum, adding the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy prepared in the first step, melting the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, dispersing the melted aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into the molten aluminum to form mixed metal, performing second-stage heating, adding the copper ingot prepared in the first step, melting the copper ingot, dispersing the melted copper ingot into the mixed metal, performing third-stage heating, adding the crystallized silicon prepared in the first step, melting the crystallized silicon, dispersing the melted silicon into the mixed metal to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
And in the third step, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the second step into a refining furnace, cooling to a refining temperature, introducing a proper amount of inert gas from the furnace bottom, injecting the inert gas into the aluminum alloy liquid to form a large amount of fine dispersed bubbles, absorbing hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid, adsorbing oxidation slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy liquid, and slowly floating upwards in a spiral shape to separate the hydrogen from the aluminum alloy liquid, discharging the hydrogen into a hydrogen recovery system from the furnace top, standing after degassing is finished, floating the oxidation slag inclusion on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and discharging the oxidation slag inclusion into a waste residue treatment system from the furnace side to obtain the aluminum alloy refining liquid.
In the fourth step, the aluminum alloy refining liquid obtained in the third step is heated to the refining temperature, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy prepared in the first step is added, heat preservation is carried out, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is dispersed in the aluminum alloy refining liquid after being melted, and then the aluminum alloy is quickly cooled to the normal temperature after being electromagnetically stirred, so that the high-strength-toughness corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy with the refined structure being refined in a grain mode is obtained.
And step five, pouring the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy obtained in step four into a die casting machine after being subjected to hot melting, adding a die casting die in a prefabricated shape, pouring the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy subjected to hot melting into the die casting die, performing continuous die casting, and taking out after cooling to obtain the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy cast strip.
And in the sixth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum casting strip obtained in the fifth step is placed into a hot rolling mill, heated and extruded out of a roller gap, and cooled to obtain the prefabricated high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material.
According to the technical scheme, the purity of the aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is 99.8%.
According to the technical scheme, the purity of the silicon element in the crystalline silicon is 99.7%.
According to the technical scheme, the purity of the copper element in the copper ingot is 99.5%.
According to the technical scheme, the content of the strontium element in the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy is 8%.
According to the technical scheme, the content of the magnesium element in the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is 9%.
According to the technical scheme, the content of the manganese element in the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy is 11 percent
According to the technical scheme, the contents of the titanium element and the boron element in the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are respectively 10% and 2%.
According to the technical scheme, in the second step, the heating temperature of the first section of the vacuum induction melting furnace is 700-740 ℃, the heating temperature of the second section is 1100-1300 ℃, and the heating temperature of the third section is 1450-1550 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the third step, the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 770-800 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the fourth step, the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 805-835 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-18 min.
According to the technical scheme, in the fifth step, the pouring temperature of the die casting machine is 630-660 ℃, and the cooling temperature is 450-470 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line and the preparation process, the tensile strength and toughness of the alloy aluminum material are improved through refining and modification treatment, the risk of line breakage in the using process is reduced, and the working reliability of the extra-high voltage line is improved; by adding the manganese element, the hardness of the alloy aluminum material is improved, the corrosion resistance of the alloy aluminum material is enhanced, the damage of the line in severe environments of high cold and high altitude is reduced, the service life of the extra-high voltage line is prolonged, the galvanization treatment is not needed, no toxic wastewater is generated in the preparation process, and the method is safe and environment-friendly; by adding the copper element, the conductivity and the heat resistance of the alloy aluminum material are improved, the internal resistance of a circuit is reduced, the electromagnetic loss of the circuit is reduced, and the power transmission efficiency of the circuit is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
example 1:
a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the aluminum ingot, the crystalline silicon, the copper ingot, the aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, the aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy, wherein the purity of aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is 99.8%. The purity of silicon element in the crystal silicon is 99.7%, the purity of copper element in the copper ingot is 99.5%, the content of strontium element in the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy is 8%, the content of magnesium element in the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is 9%, the content of manganese element in the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy is 11%, and the content of titanium element and boron element in the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is 10% and 2% respectively.
A preparation process of a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials; step two, smelting; step three, refining; step four, thinning; step five, hot casting; and step six, hot rolling.
In the first step, 30 parts of aluminum ingot, 32 parts of crystalline silicon, 5 parts of copper ingot, 4 parts of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, 13 parts of aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy, 7 parts of aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 5 parts of aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components for later use.
And in the second step, pouring the aluminum ingot prepared in the first step into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, performing primary heating at the temperature of 700-740 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot into molten aluminum, adding the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy prepared in the first step, melting the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, dispersing the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the melted aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into molten aluminum to form mixed metal, performing secondary heating at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃, adding the copper ingot prepared in the first step, melting the copper ingot, dispersing the melted copper ingot into the mixed metal, and performing tertiary heating at the temperature of 1450-1550 ℃, adding the crystallized silicon prepared in the first step, melting the molten silicon and dispersing the melted silicon into the mixed metal to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
And in the third step, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the second step into a refining furnace, cooling to a refining temperature, wherein the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 770-800 ℃, introducing a proper amount of inert gas from the furnace bottom, injecting the inert gas into the aluminum alloy liquid to form a large amount of fine dispersed bubbles, absorbing hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid, adsorbing oxidation slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy liquid, slowly floating spirally to separate the hydrogen from the aluminum alloy liquid, discharging the hydrogen into a hydrogen recovery system from the furnace top, standing after degassing is finished, floating the oxidation slag inclusion on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and discharging the oxidation slag inclusion from the furnace side into a waste residue treatment system to obtain the aluminum alloy refining liquid.
And in the fourth step, the aluminum alloy refining liquid obtained in the third step is heated to a refining temperature, the refining temperature of a refining furnace is 805-835 ℃, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy prepared in the first step is added, heat preservation is carried out for 12-18 min, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is melted and then dispersed in the aluminum alloy refining liquid, and then the aluminum alloy is electromagnetically stirred and rapidly cooled to normal temperature, so that the high-strength-toughness corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy with the refined structure being refined in a fine grain manner is obtained.
And step five, pouring the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy obtained in the step four after hot melting into a die casting machine, adding a die casting die in a prefabricated shape, pouring the hot-melted high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy into the die casting die, carrying out continuous die casting at the pouring temperature of 630-660 ℃ of the die casting machine, cooling, and taking out the die casting die, wherein the cooling temperature is 450-470 ℃ to obtain the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy casting strip.
And in the sixth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum casting strip obtained in the fifth step is placed into a hot rolling mill, heated and extruded out of a roller gap, and cooled to obtain the prefabricated high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material.
Example 2:
a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the aluminum ingot, the crystalline silicon, the copper ingot, the aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, the aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy, wherein the purity of aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is 99.8%. The purity of silicon element in the crystal silicon is 99.7%, the purity of copper element in the copper ingot is 99.5%, the content of strontium element in the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy is 8%, the content of magnesium element in the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is 9%, the content of manganese element in the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy is 11%, and the content of titanium element and boron element in the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is 10% and 2% respectively.
A preparation process of a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials; step two, smelting; step three, refining; step four, thinning; step five, hot casting; and step six, hot rolling.
In the first step, 35 parts of aluminum ingot, 35 parts of crystalline silicon, 7 parts of copper ingot, 6 parts of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, 19 parts of aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy, 10 parts of aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 8 parts of aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components for later use.
And in the second step, pouring the aluminum ingot prepared in the first step into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, performing primary heating at the temperature of 700-740 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot into molten aluminum, adding the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy prepared in the first step, melting the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, dispersing the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the melted aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into molten aluminum to form mixed metal, performing secondary heating at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃, adding the copper ingot prepared in the first step, melting the copper ingot, dispersing the melted copper ingot into the mixed metal, and performing tertiary heating at the temperature of 1450-1550 ℃, adding the crystallized silicon prepared in the first step, melting the molten silicon and dispersing the melted silicon into the mixed metal to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
And in the third step, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the second step into a refining furnace, cooling to a refining temperature, wherein the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 770-800 ℃, introducing a proper amount of inert gas from the furnace bottom, injecting the inert gas into the aluminum alloy liquid to form a large amount of fine dispersed bubbles, absorbing hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid, adsorbing oxidation slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy liquid, slowly floating spirally to separate the hydrogen from the aluminum alloy liquid, discharging the hydrogen into a hydrogen recovery system from the furnace top, standing after degassing is finished, floating the oxidation slag inclusion on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and discharging the oxidation slag inclusion from the furnace side into a waste residue treatment system to obtain the aluminum alloy refining liquid.
And in the fourth step, the aluminum alloy refining liquid obtained in the third step is heated to a refining temperature, the refining temperature of a refining furnace is 805-835 ℃, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy prepared in the first step is added, heat preservation is carried out for 12-18 min, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is melted and then dispersed in the aluminum alloy refining liquid, and then the aluminum alloy is electromagnetically stirred and rapidly cooled to normal temperature, so that the high-strength-toughness corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy with the refined structure being refined in a fine grain manner is obtained.
And step five, pouring the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy obtained in the step four after hot melting into a die casting machine, adding a die casting die in a prefabricated shape, pouring the hot-melted high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy into the die casting die, carrying out continuous die casting at the pouring temperature of 630-660 ℃ of the die casting machine, cooling, and taking out the die casting die, wherein the cooling temperature is 450-470 ℃ to obtain the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy casting strip.
And in the sixth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum casting strip obtained in the fifth step is placed into a hot rolling mill, heated and extruded out of a roller gap, and cooled to obtain the prefabricated high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material.
Example 3:
a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the aluminum ingot, the crystalline silicon, the copper ingot, the aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, the aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy, wherein the purity of aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is 99.8%. The purity of silicon element in the crystal silicon is 99.7%, the purity of copper element in the copper ingot is 99.5%, the content of strontium element in the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy is 8%, the content of magnesium element in the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is 9%, the content of manganese element in the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy is 11%, and the content of titanium element and boron element in the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is 10% and 2% respectively.
A preparation process of a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials; step two, smelting; step three, refining; step four, thinning; step five, hot casting; and step six, hot rolling.
In the first step, 40 parts of aluminum ingot, 38 parts of crystalline silicon, 9 parts of copper ingot, 8 parts of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, 25 parts of aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy, 12 parts of aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 10 parts of aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components for later use.
And in the second step, pouring the aluminum ingot prepared in the first step into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, performing primary heating at the temperature of 700-740 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot into molten aluminum, adding the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy prepared in the first step, melting the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, dispersing the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, the melted aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into molten aluminum to form mixed metal, performing secondary heating at the temperature of 1100-1300 ℃, adding the copper ingot prepared in the first step, melting the copper ingot, dispersing the melted copper ingot into the mixed metal, and performing tertiary heating at the temperature of 1450-1550 ℃, adding the crystallized silicon prepared in the first step, melting the molten silicon and dispersing the melted silicon into the mixed metal to obtain the aluminum alloy liquid.
And in the third step, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the second step into a refining furnace, cooling to a refining temperature, wherein the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 770-800 ℃, introducing a proper amount of inert gas from the furnace bottom, injecting the inert gas into the aluminum alloy liquid to form a large amount of fine dispersed bubbles, absorbing hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid, adsorbing oxidation slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy liquid, slowly floating spirally to separate the hydrogen from the aluminum alloy liquid, discharging the hydrogen into a hydrogen recovery system from the furnace top, standing after degassing is finished, floating the oxidation slag inclusion on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and discharging the oxidation slag inclusion from the furnace side into a waste residue treatment system to obtain the aluminum alloy refining liquid.
And in the fourth step, the aluminum alloy refining liquid obtained in the third step is heated to a refining temperature, the refining temperature of a refining furnace is 805-835 ℃, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy prepared in the first step is added, heat preservation is carried out for 12-18 min, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is melted and then dispersed in the aluminum alloy refining liquid, and then the aluminum alloy is electromagnetically stirred and rapidly cooled to normal temperature, so that the high-strength-toughness corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy with the refined structure being refined in a fine grain manner is obtained.
And step five, pouring the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy obtained in the step four after hot melting into a die casting machine, adding a die casting die in a prefabricated shape, pouring the hot-melted high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy into the die casting die, carrying out continuous die casting at the pouring temperature of 630-660 ℃ of the die casting machine, cooling, and taking out the die casting die, wherein the cooling temperature is 450-470 ℃ to obtain the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy casting strip.
And in the sixth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum casting strip obtained in the fifth step is placed into a hot rolling mill, heated and extruded out of a roller gap, and cooled to obtain the prefabricated high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material.
The high-strength, high-toughness, corrosion-resistant and light-weight alloy aluminum materials obtained in the above embodiments are respectively subjected to performance evaluation, and common alloy aluminum materials on the market are used as comparison, and the obtained data are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, through refined modification treatment, the tensile strength and toughness of the alloy aluminum material are improved, the risk of line fracture in the use process is reduced, the working reliability of the ultra-high voltage line is improved, and the copper element is added, so that the electrical conductivity and heat resistance of the alloy aluminum material are improved, the internal resistance of the line is reduced, the electromagnetic loss of the line is reduced, and the power transmission efficiency of the line is improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following components in percentage by weight: aluminium ingot, crystalline silicon, copper ingot, aluminium strontium intermediate alloy, almag intermediate alloy, aluminium manganese intermediate alloy and aluminium titanium boron intermediate alloy, its characterized in that: the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum titanium boron intermediate alloy.
2. A preparation process of a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for an extra-high voltage line comprises the following steps: step one, selecting materials; step two, smelting; step three, refining; step four, thinning; step five, hot casting; step six, hot rolling; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, 30-40 parts of aluminum ingot, 32-38 parts of crystalline silicon, 5-9 parts of copper ingot, 4-8 parts of aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, 13-25 parts of aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy, 7-12 parts of aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and 5-10 parts of aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are respectively weighed according to the weight parts of the components for later use;
pouring the aluminum ingot prepared in the step one into a vacuum induction smelting furnace, performing initial section heating to melt the aluminum ingot into molten aluminum, adding the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy prepared in the step one, melting the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, dispersing the melted aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy, the melted aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy and the melted aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy into molten aluminum to form mixed metal, performing second section heating, adding the copper ingot prepared in the step one, melting the copper ingot, dispersing the melted copper ingot into the mixed metal, performing third section heating, adding the crystallized silicon prepared in the step one, melting the crystallized silicon, dispersing the melted silicon into the mixed metal to obtain aluminum alloy liquid;
transferring the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step two into a refining furnace, cooling to refining temperature, introducing a proper amount of inert gas from the furnace bottom, injecting the inert gas into the aluminum alloy liquid to form a large amount of fine dispersed bubbles, absorbing hydrogen in the aluminum alloy liquid, adsorbing oxidation slag inclusion in the aluminum alloy liquid, and slowly floating upwards in a spiral shape to separate the hydrogen from the aluminum alloy liquid, discharging the hydrogen into a hydrogen recovery system from the furnace top, standing after degassing is finished, floating the oxidation slag inclusion on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid, and discharging the oxidation slag inclusion into a waste residue treatment system from the furnace side to obtain aluminum alloy refining liquid;
in the fourth step, the aluminum alloy refining liquid obtained in the third step is heated to the refining temperature, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy prepared in the first step is added, heat preservation is carried out, the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy is dispersed in the aluminum alloy refining liquid after being melted, and then the aluminum alloy is quickly cooled to normal temperature after being electromagnetically stirred, so that the high-strength-toughness corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy with the refined structure being refined in a grain mode is obtained;
in the fifth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy obtained in the fourth step is poured into a die casting machine after being melted, a die casting die in a prefabricated shape is added, the melted high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy is poured into the die casting die for continuous die casting, and the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy is taken out after being cooled to obtain a high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light aluminum alloy cast strip;
and in the sixth step, the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum casting strip obtained in the fifth step is placed into a hot rolling mill, heated and extruded out of a roller gap, and cooled to obtain the prefabricated high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material.
3. The high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the purity of the aluminum element in the aluminum ingot is 99.8%.
4. The high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the purity of silicon element in the crystalline silicon is 99.7%.
5. The high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the purity of the copper element in the copper ingot is 99.5%.
6. The high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the content of strontium element in the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy is 8%.
7. The high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the content of magnesium element in the aluminum-magnesium intermediate alloy is 9%; the content of manganese element in the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy is 11%; the contents of titanium element and boron element in the aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy are respectively 10% and 2%.
8. The preparation process of the high-strength, high-toughness and corrosion-resistant light alloy aluminum material for the extra-high voltage line according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in the second step, the heating temperature of the first section of the vacuum induction melting furnace is 700-740 ℃, the heating temperature of the second section is 1100-1300 ℃, and the heating temperature of the third section is 1450-1550 ℃; in the third step, the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 770-800 ℃; in the fourth step, the refining temperature of the refining furnace is 805-835 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12-18 min; in the fifth step, the pouring temperature of the die casting machine is 630-660 ℃, and the cooling temperature is 450-470 ℃.
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