CN114195121A - Method for preparing three-dimensional folded carbon material by taking graphene oxide as template and catalyst - Google Patents
Method for preparing three-dimensional folded carbon material by taking graphene oxide as template and catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN114195121A CN114195121A CN202111564040.5A CN202111564040A CN114195121A CN 114195121 A CN114195121 A CN 114195121A CN 202111564040 A CN202111564040 A CN 202111564040A CN 114195121 A CN114195121 A CN 114195121A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a three-dimensional wrinkled carbon material by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing a biomass carbon source and a graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass carbon source to the graphene oxide is 10:1-100: 1; (2) pouring the uniformly mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument, and carrying out atomization pyrolysis within the temperature range of 500-700 ℃ to obtain a precursor; (3) and then washing the precursor to remove glucose which is not completely converted, and drying to obtain the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material. The invention fully plays the roles of catalysis and template of graphene oxide, and utilizes the spray pyrolysis method to convert biomass material into three-dimensional corrugated carbon material with good dispersibility and excellent electrochemical performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, relates to a carbon material, and particularly relates to a method for converting a biomass material into a three-dimensional folded carbon material by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst.
Background
Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on the earth, and a material formed by the carbon has excellent properties such as good conductivity and controllable structure by virtue of various electron orbital characteristics. Glucose is the most common biomass material and can be converted into a carbon material by a hydrothermal method and the like. However, such carbon materials have poor electrical conductivity and need to be improved by further annealing treatment. And in the conversion thereof into carbon material, it is generally necessary to use a catalyst such as ZnCl2The nucleating agent (A) promotes the transformation. The treatment modes have the problems of high energy consumption, complex subsequent treatment process and the like. With research, Graphene Oxide (GO) has a unique two-dimensional structure that can catalyze/guide the design of nanomaterial structures. However, the two-dimensional graphene material is prone to agglomeration and the like due to interlayer interaction force, and performance of the two-dimensional graphene material is not facilitated. Compared with a two-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional folded spherical structure has excellent dispersibility, structural stability and good electrochemical performance, and can effectively overcome the defects of a two-dimensional lamellar structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for converting a biomass material into a three-dimensional corrugated carbon material by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst.
The technical scheme of the invention is that graphene oxide is converted into a two-dimensional carbon material by utilizing the catalytic template function of the graphene oxide; the two-dimensional material is subsequently converted into a three-dimensional carbon material having a corrugated structure.
The invention provides a method for converting a biomass material into a three-dimensional folded carbon material by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a biomass carbon source and a graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass carbon source to the graphene oxide is 10:1-100: 1;
(2) pouring the uniformly mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument, and carrying out atomization pyrolysis within the temperature range of 500-700 ℃ to obtain a precursor;
(3) and then washing the precursor to remove glucose which is not completely converted, and drying to obtain the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material.
In a specific case, the biomass carbon source is anhydrous glucose.
Preferably, the concentration of the biomass carbon source in the mixed solution is 10-100mg/mL, and the concentration of the graphene oxide in the mixed solution is 1 mg/mL.
Further, the mass ratio of the biomass carbon source to the graphene oxide is 10:1, 30:1, 50:1, 75:1 and 100:1 respectively.
The invention provides a method for preparing three-dimensional folded graphene by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst and biomass carbon as a carbon source. Uniformly mixing biomass carbon with a graphene oxide aqueous solution; and rapidly atomizing and pyrolyzing the mixed solution by using an atomization pyrolysis instrument at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ to obtain the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material. Judging the template effect of the graphene oxide by the morphology of a carbon material prepared from a biomass carbon source in the absence of a catalyst/template agent; further, theoretical analysis and experimental verification show that a large number of carboxyl groups on the surface of GO can be used as a template agent to guide the growth of a biomass carbon source on the surface of GO, and finally, a perfect three-dimensional corrugated carbon material is formed.
Further, the content of the biomass carbon source is changed by fixing the content of the graphene oxide so as to determine the content of the biomass carbon source carbonized into the carbon material in the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material; judging the optimal catalytic capability of the catalytic/template agent according to the wrinkling degree and the average particle size of the three-dimensional wrinkled carbon material; and searching the optimal ratio of the biomass carbon source to the template/catalyst when the GO exerts the optimal catalysis/template capability through an electrocatalysis test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has remarkable technical progress. The material has good dispersibility and structural stability, and is convenient for optimizing the performance in the application direction. According to the invention, the template and the catalytic action of the graphene oxide are utilized to carbonize the biomass into the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material, so that a foundation is laid for mass production of carbon materials with good dispersibility and electrical property. The invention avoids the energy consumption loss and the complex treatment process caused by using the template in the biomass material carbonization process, and has the advantages of simple method, environmental protection and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of a three-dimensional carbon material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph (a) of the morphology and a frequency histogram (b) of the particle size distribution of the three-dimensional wrinkled carbon material prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph (a) and a frequency histogram (b) of the particle size distribution of the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph (a) and a frequency histogram (b) of the particle size distribution of the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph (a) and a frequency histogram (b) of the particle size distribution of the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material prepared in example 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph (a) and a frequency histogram (b) of the particle size distribution of the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material prepared in example 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a histogram of the average particle size of the three-dimensional pleated carbon materials prepared in examples 2-6.
FIG. 8 is an infrared spectrum of the three-dimensional pleated carbon material prepared in examples 2-6.
FIG. 9 is a graph of the electrocatalytic performance (OER) of the three-dimensional, pleated carbon materials prepared in examples 2-6.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the atomizing pyrolysis apparatus employed in the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a topographical view of a three-dimensional carbon material prepared in example 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a topographical view of the three-dimensional carbon material prepared in example 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a topographical view of a three-dimensional carbon material prepared in example 10 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, after reading the teaching of the present invention, the skilled in the art can make similar changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.
The main equipment used in the embodiments of the present invention is an atomization pyrolysis apparatus, and the structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 10. Mainly comprises an ultrasonic atomizer 1, a tubular heating furnace 2, a collector 3 and a vacuum pump 4 which are sequentially connected end to end. The mixed solution is firstly subjected to ultrasonic atomization in an ultrasonic atomizer 1, atomized particles enter a tubular heating furnace 2 for fast pyrolysis under the suction action of a tail vacuum pump 4, and a collector 3 is used for collecting the pyrolyzed carbon material particles.
The graphene aqueous solution used in each embodiment of the invention is obtained by diluting N002-PS type graphene oxide slurry produced by Angstrom Materials Inc. The graphene oxide slurry is subjected to constant volume, and then, according to the concentration of the slurry, a certain amount of deionized water is added to dilute the graphene oxide slurry to the required concentration (1 mg/ml).
Example 1
Dissolving 7.5g of glucose in 150ml of deionized water, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12H to obtain a three-dimensional carbon material (H-GLC). The material morphology is shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
Taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, weighing 1.5g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to give a three-dimensionally pleated carbon material (CG-10). The three-dimensional corrugated carbon material morphology is shown in figure 2.
Example 3
Taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, weighing 4.5g glucose according to the mass ratio of 30:1, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to give a three-dimensionally pleated carbon material (CG-30). The three-dimensional corrugated carbon material morphology is shown in figure 3.
Example 4
Taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, weighing 7.5g glucose according to the mass ratio of 50:1, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to give a three-dimensionally pleated carbon material (CG-50). The three-dimensional corrugated carbon material morphology is shown in fig. 4.
Example 5
Taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, weighing 11.25g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 75:1, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to give a three-dimensionally pleated carbon material (CG-75). The three-dimensional corrugated carbon material morphology is shown in fig. 5.
Example 6
Taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, weighing 15.00g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 100:1, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain the corrugated carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to give a three-dimensionally pleated carbon material (CG-100). The three-dimensional corrugated carbon material morphology is shown in fig. 6.
Example 7
And taking 150ml of 1mg/L graphene oxide solution, pouring the solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument, and obtaining the CGO of the corrugated carbon material at 600 ℃. The above operations are carried out for multiple times, and the average mass of the CGO of the three-dimensional folded carbon material obtained from 150ml of graphene oxide solution (1mg/ml) at 600 ℃ is obtained by weighing and counting the CGO obtained on each collector.
Table 1 shows the average particle size statistics and the electrocatalytic performance statistics of the three-dimensional pleated carbon materials and GO prepared in examples 2 to 6 of the present invention.
TABLE 1
Through comparison analysis of the graph 1 and the graphs 2a-6a, before GO is added, the biomass forms a spherical shape after carbonization; after the GO is added, the biomass forms a three-dimensional wrinkle shape after carbonization, which shows that the GO plays a role in a template and catalysis, and the shape of the biomass after carbonization is changed. The ratio of biomass carbon source to GO is subsequently changed, and the optimal catalytic capability of the catalyst is further explored. By counting the particle size of the prepared material (fig. 7), the particle size of the three-dimensional wrinkled carbon material is found to be in a parabolic increasing and decreasing trend, namely, the ratio of the particle size is 50: at 1, the average particle size of the composite (CG-50) was the largest and the particles were more uniform, indicating that GO performs the best catalytic and templating function at this time. It was subsequently found from the infrared data (fig. 8) that there was a significant change in the groups of the composite compared to GO. And the content of C-O-C groups in CG-50 is obviously increased, which shows that the catalysis and template functions of GO are fully exerted, and the biomass material is promoted to be carbonized. The performance test shows that the performance is best when the mixture ratio is 50: 1; and combined with the previous characterization analysis, the sample has proper shape, particle size and C-O-C group, and the combined action of the factors contributes to the optimal performance of CG-50.
To verify that the resulting three-dimensional corrugated carbon material was primarily derived from carbonization of a biomass carbon source, we performed example 7. As a result of experiments and calculations, under the conditions of example 7, the average mass of the three-dimensionally folded carbon material (CGO) obtained by carbonizing graphene oxide was 50 mg. Accordingly, the mass of the three-dimensionally folded carbon material (CGs) obtained in examples 2 to 6 obtained by carbonization of graphene oxide was set to 50 mg. The proportion of the carbonization mass of the biomass carbon source in the CGs to the total mass was obtained by collecting and weighing the three-dimensional wrinkled carbon materials obtained in examples 2 to 6, and according to the definition of formula 1. Specific numerical values are shown in table 2. The data in Table 2 show that in CG-50, the proportion of the material obtained by carbonizing the biomass carbon source is more than 75%, and the generated three-dimensional corrugated carbon material is mainly obtained by carbonizing the biomass carbon source.
Rate＝100％*(M-MCGO) /M (formula 1)
M is the total mass of the three-dimensional crimped carbon materials (CGs) obtained in examples 2-6, namely Quality of CGs in Table 2; mCGO50mg, average mass of CGO obtained in example 7; m and MCGOThe difference of (a) is the carbonization Quality of the biomass carbon source in the CGs, namely Quality of Conversion in Table 2; and the Rate is the proportion of the carbonization mass of the biomass carbon source in the CGs to the total mass.
Table 2 is a statistical table of the carbonization content of biomass carbon source in the three-dimensional pleated carbon materials (CGs) prepared in examples 2 to 4
TABLE 2
Example 8
Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were selected as templating agents and configured to a concentration of 1mg mL-1150ml of the dispersion of (3). Weighing 7.5g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 50:1, pouring the glucose into the dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain a carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to obtain a three-dimensional carbon material (MWCNT-GLC). The morphology is shown in FIG. 11.
Example 9
Since the CGO prepared in example 7 still contains a large number of oxygen functional groups, it can be used as a template to carbonize GLC.
150mg of CGO was weighed and prepared to a concentration of 1mg mL-1150ml of the dispersion of (3). Weighing 7.5g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 50:1, pouring the glucose into the dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain a carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12h to obtain a three-dimensional carbon material (CGO-GLC). The morphology is shown in fig. 12.
Example 10
The MWCNT in example 8 was acidified and named H-MWCNT. The H-MWCNT was formulated to have a concentration of 1mg mL-1The solution of (1). Weighing 7.5g of glucose according to the mass ratio of 50:1, pouring into 150ml of the prepared solution, and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 600 rpm/min; and then pouring the mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument to obtain a carbon material precursor at the temperature of 600 ℃. The collected sample was then washed to remove incompletely converted glucose and dried at 70 ℃ for 12H to obtain a three-dimensional carbon material (H-MWCNT-GLC). The morphology is shown in fig. 13.
The template effect of GO is further determined by analyzing and comparing the corresponding topography maps of examples 4, 8 and 9. Analysis shows that when the CGO containing the oxygen functional group is used as the template, the material morphology is in a state of mixing a spherical structure and a wrinkled state (figure 12). The CGO can play a template role and carbonize GLC into a three-dimensional folded state, but the template role is not fully played. When MWCNT is selected as template, the sample morphology shows a state of club separation (FIG. 11). When H-MWCNT is selected as the template, the composite material has an irregular folded spherical structure and contains a large amount of carbon nanotubes inside (FIG. 13). This is because GO, CGO and H-MWCNT have oxygen functional groups on the surface, while MWCNT do not have oxygen functional groups on the surface. Further analyzed, it is the carboxyl groups on the surface of the carbon-based material that facilitate GO, CGO and H-MWCNT to act as templating agents.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing a three-dimensional folded carbon material by using graphene oxide as a template and a catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing a biomass carbon source and a graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass carbon source to the graphene oxide is 10:1-100: 1;
(2) pouring the uniformly mixed solution into an atomization pyrolysis instrument, and carrying out atomization pyrolysis within the temperature range of 500-700 ℃ to obtain a precursor;
(3) and then washing the precursor to remove glucose which is not completely converted, and drying to obtain the three-dimensional corrugated carbon material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the biomass carbon source is anhydrous glucose.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the biomass carbon source in the mixed solution is 10-100mg/mL, and the concentration of the graphene oxide in the mixed solution is 1 mg/mL.
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| CN109174102A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of fold nanometer rGO composite material and the preparation method of fold nano-metal-oxide |
| CN109734056A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-10 | 上海理工大学 | Metal oxide/preparation method of fold rGO composite nano materials and the preparation method of fold nano-metal-oxide |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20130004798A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Northwestern University | Crumpled particles, methods of synthesizing same and applications using same |
| CN108117064A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-05 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of fold graphene |
| CN109174102A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of fold nanometer rGO composite material and the preparation method of fold nano-metal-oxide |
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