CN114190955B - Occipital temporal region vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system - Google Patents
Occipital temporal region vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a system for acquiring visual brain electrical signals in a occipital-temporal region, which comprises a seat, a visual stimulation display for providing visual stimulation for a user on the seat, a suspension type brain electrical helmet for acquiring the brain electrical signals in the occipital-temporal region, and a control module for acquiring the brain electrical signals and controlling the presentation mode of stimulation pictures; the suspended electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring, a flexible suspension frame and an electrode assembly; the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring comprises an anchor ring, two end parts of the anchor ring are overlapped at the rear side of the head part and respectively pass through a first tensioning base, the first tensioning base is connected with a flexible suspension frame positioned at the inner side of the anchor ring, and the electrode assembly acts on a occipital-temporal area. The utility model has the advantages that: the control of visual stimulation to the tested user is conveniently realized through the seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module which are integrally arranged; and when the anchor ring is locked, the electrode assembly can be attached to the occipital-temporal area of the head, so that the effective acquisition of the brain electrical signals is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of electroencephalogram acquisition, in particular to a system for acquiring visual electroencephalogram signals of a occipital-temporal region.
Background
The brain-computer interface technology (BCI) aims to establish a direct information communication and control channel between the brain and a computer (or other mechanical electronic equipment), and is a novel brain-machine information communication method. With the gradual maturation of the BCI technology, the method has the unique advantages in the diagnosis and treatment fields of face disorder and autism, adopts the BCI technology, aims at the real-time brain function signal analysis of specific brain regions, is beneficial to early screening of illness state, quantitative feedback of a rehabilitation training method and rapid evaluation of novel drug effectiveness, and promotes the diagnosis and treatment of brain function diseases to enter a new stage of objective evaluation of brain functions of patients from subjective external behavioural analysis such as scale, eye movement tracking and machine vision.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used for the study of the neural mechanisms of facial agnosia and autism, but it encloses a test environment and is prone to patient claustrophobia and anxiety. Meanwhile, the test requires the head of the subject to be kept still, and is not suitable for the weak controlled patients and the young children. Therefore, researchers gradually adopt portable high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near infrared spectrum imaging (fNIRS) equipment to detect resting brain functions, and classify and judge patients and contrast groups thereof through the structural complexity in brain areas and the coherence between brain areas, so that the method is difficult to popularize and apply in clinical diagnosis and treatment temporarily in view of complicated and time-consuming test procedures and higher equipment cost.
Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) is a fixed frequency visual stimulus in which the primary visual cortex of the human brain produces an EEG oscillatory response equal to (or similar to) the stimulus frequency, with the SSVEP component having an energy enhancement at or a multiple of the stimulus frequency, with a frequency locked relationship to the stimulus event. Compared with the behavioural measurement index, the method has the advantages that the periodic emotion face is embedded in the fixed-frequency neutral face visual stimulus, the implicit real-time measurement of the cognitive process can be objectively provided, in addition, compared with the resting brain function detection, the rapid periodic emotion face stimulus method based on the SSVEP technology has high signal-to-noise ratio, simple operation, strong adaptability to be tested and short test time, typical emotion response can be further subdivided, and the target biomarker suitable for clinical diagnosis and treatment requirements of face recognition and autism is expected to be developed from the brain visual dysfunction mechanism by utilizing the frequency locking characteristics of stimulus and response, so that the method has wide application prospect in the early screening, diagnosis and rehabilitation and drug evaluation fields.
However, in the prior art, a specialized steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) electroencephalogram signal acquisition and analysis system is not found, and at present, a scientific-grade electroencephalogram signal amplifier is used for assisting a visual image presentation system, a seat and the like as main components, so that a plurality of auxiliary personnel are needed to participate in adjusting the range of a tested visual angle, monitoring the state (attention, head movement and the like) of the tested testing process and recording the electroencephalogram signals.
To the acquisition of brain electrical signal, mainly carry out signal acquisition through wearing the mode of brain electrical cap among the prior art, and brain electrical cap uses elastic fabric material more, and tensioning through magic subsides etc. is fixed in mandibular department, and the skull upside bears main pulling force with the mandible, and frontal lobe, top leaf department electrode is fixed effectually, but can't provide pressure to skull side rear occipital-temporal area, leads to occipital-temporal area electrode laminating effect poor, needs to pour into a large amount of conductive paste in order to keep reasonable impedance, and excessive conductive paste probably causes adjacent electrode to switch on, reduces brain electrical signal acquisition's spatial resolution. In addition, movements such as subconscious swallowing in the test process can drive the relative movement between the mandible and the temporal bone, so that the brain electrical movement artifact is introduced, and the post-treatment manual rejection is needed.
The utility model with the bulletin number of CN207707910U provides a helmet type brain electrical cap which uses physiological saline as a conductive medium, has short preparation time, but the signal quality can not meet the requirements of SSVEP brain electrical signal acquisition and analysis. The electrode is fixed on the ABS material retainer according to a 10-20 system method, the curved surface of the retainer cannot be accurately matched with the outline of the head, so that the electrode is difficult to coincide with the normal line of the test skull, the elastic compression effect is reduced, the wearing comfort is poor, and the conductive medium is easy to run off.
In addition, the resting state brain function detection method based on EEG and fNIRS is complex in test process, time-consuming, high in equipment cost and difficult to popularize and apply in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In an event related potential (EEG ERPs) method with time domain locking characteristics, N170 electroencephalogram components related to face recognition are only sensitive to face or object directions, and are difficult to distinguish emotion face-to-face cognitive differences, so that collected electroencephalogram signals cannot be effectively separated and extracted, and cannot be effectively utilized and researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an electroencephalogram signal acquisition system which is convenient for visual stimulation of a user and acquisition of an electroencephalogram signal of a occipital-temporal region.
The utility model solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme: a system for acquiring visual brain electrical signals of a occipital-temporal region, which comprises,
the seat is used for bearing a tested user;
a visual stimulus display for providing visual stimulus to a user on the seat;
the suspension type electroencephalogram helmet is worn on the head of a tested user and is used for collecting electroencephalogram signals of a occipital-temporal area;
the control module is used for acquiring brain electrical signals of the suspended brain helmet and controlling the presentation mode of the stimulation pictures;
the suspended electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring matched with the head, a flexible suspension frame matched with the occipital temporal region and an electrode assembly fixed on the flexible suspension frame; the two-way tensioning anchor ring of horizontal crown includes the anchor ring that encloses the setting along the head, two tip of anchor ring overlap at the rear side of head, the both ends of anchor ring wear to establish respectively in first tensioning base, first tensioning base is connected with the flexible suspension frame that is in the anchor ring inboard, the both sides of flexible suspension frame are fixed with respectively electrode assembly, electrode assembly acts on the occipital region, at least one end of anchor ring can slide adjustment anchor ring length relative to first tensioning base.
The utility model conveniently realizes the control of visual stimulation and the extraction of brain electrical signals of a tested user through the seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module which are integrally arranged; aiming at the problem that the extraction of the brain-electrical signal in the occipital-temporal area is difficult, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring which can wrap the head of a user and adjust the size of the anchor ring is specially designed, the head is convenient to fix and lock, the flexible suspension frame for fixing the electrode assembly is arranged on the tensioning base, the electrode assembly can be attached to the occipital-temporal area of the head while locking the anchor ring, and the effective acquisition of the brain-electrical signal is ensured.
Preferably, the two ends of the anchor ring are respectively provided with an adjusting groove, racks are respectively arranged on the adjusting grooves along the length direction, the racks on the two adjusting grooves are respectively arranged on the two side edges, a gear shaft meshed with the two racks is arranged on the first tensioning base, an adjusting knob coaxial with the gear shaft is arranged on the outer side of the first tensioning base, and the gear shaft can rotate along with the adjusting knob.
Preferably, a containing groove is formed in the first tensioning base, a ratchet wheel is placed in the containing groove, at least two first ratchet teeth are uniformly formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel, a circle of second ratchet teeth are formed on the inner surface of the containing groove along the circumferential direction, the first ratchet teeth can pass over the second ratchet teeth in a clockwise rotation mode, and the first ratchet teeth can be abutted to the second ratchet teeth in a counter rotation mode; a gap is formed between the ratchet wheel and the first ratchet wheel, and one end of the first ratchet wheel in the tooth direction is connected with the ratchet wheel;
the center of the ratchet wheel is provided with a rectangular hole, the axis of the gear shaft is provided with a convex shaft in insertion fit with the rectangular hole in an extending mode, the ratchet wheel is uniformly provided with at least two waist round grooves along the circumferential direction, and the adjusting knob is provided with a positioning rod matched with the waist round grooves; the outer surface of the first ratchet along the tooth direction is also provided with a notch, the adjusting knob is provided with a wedge-shaped ejector rod matched with the notch, the wedge-shaped ejector rod is abutted with the notch along the tooth direction of the first ratchet, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod can move along the reverse tooth direction of the first ratchet to deform the first ratchet towards the inner side of the ratchet;
the adjusting knob is provided with a screw penetrating through the protruding shaft, one side of the gear shaft is provided with a nut screwed with the end part of the screw, and the gear shaft is freely matched with the screw along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the two sides of the head are respectively provided with a lateral tensioning belt on the anchor ring, a front tensioning belt is arranged in the middle of the front side of the head, the ends of the lateral tensioning belts are overlapped and are fixed and the tensioning degree is controlled through a second tensioning base, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base and the two lateral tensioning belts is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base and the two ends of the anchor ring;
the front side tensioning belt surface is arranged with the transverse groove perpendicular with length direction, the middle position of second tensioning base length direction is provided with the buckle to the front side protrusion, have the holding groove that runs through on the buckle, the upper and lower surface of holding groove is provided with spacing arch respectively, the front side tensioning belt passes along length direction the holding groove of buckle, the front side tensioning belt inserts the holding groove along length direction can be passed spacing arch, spacing arch can prevent with the transverse groove butt that the front side tensioning belt leaves the holding groove, at least one side of holding groove can be lifted and make spacing arch and transverse groove release spacing.
Preferably, the flexible suspension frame comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected with the first tensioning base, a mounting frame fixed on the connecting plate and a plurality of electrode seats arranged on the mounting frame, the electrode assemblies are arranged on the electrode seats, the connecting plate is clamped and fixed on the inner side of the first tensioning base, two ends of the connecting plate in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity, the mounting frame comprises a plunger in sliding fit with the cavities, the end parts of the plunger and the end parts of the cavities are provided with flanges which are mutually clamped, and springs are limited in the cavities;
the electrode assembly comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve matched with the spherical hinge structure and an electrode fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is provided with spherical protrusions, and the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is plugged into the electrode seat;
the electrode seat is arranged in a divergent manner relative to the plug, the plug is provided with a flow guide pipe which is communicated with the cavity and the electrode seat, and the flow guide pipe penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve and the electrode; the cavity is filled with conductive paste; the cavity is provided with the hole of annotating in advance that is used for injecting conductive paste away from the one end of mounting bracket, the spiro union is provided with a closing cap on the hole of annotating in advance.
Preferably, the electrode holders are arranged at the positions P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the mounting frame on the left side, and the electrode holders are arranged at the positions P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the mounting frame on the right side.
Preferably, the seat is fixed on a base, a linear guide rail is arranged on the base, the seat can slide along the linear guide rail to change the position, the visual stimulus display is fixed on a supporting platen, and the supporting platen is fixed on an adjusting bracket; the control module is a computer.
Preferably, the control module controls the visual stimulus display to provide visual stimulus pictures for the tested user, and before the visual stimulus starts, the visual stimulus display randomly black screen t r The second suggests that the contrast of the stimulus picture passes t from 0 to 100% p Second fade-in, visual stimulus display is according to standard stimulus frequency f s Hz presents neutral facial hole pictures, and the emotional facial hole pictures are stimulated at the target stimulation frequency f d Hz for insertion presentation, and after the whole process lasts for T seconds, prompting the contrast ratio of the stimulation picture to be from 100% to 0 and T p Second fade-out; the tested user performs k visual stimulus sequences, the neutral face images used each time are the same, the emotion face images are different, and the emotion face images are presented in an upright or inverted mode;
in the process of presenting the stimulated pictures, each picture size is selected to be n times of the original picture size, and the picture contrast changes in a sinusoidal law, namely y=sin (pi f s ·t)，Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture presents fade-in and fade-out effects.
Preferably, the control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on a channel electroencephalogram signal, the sampling rate is 1kHz, 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering are adopted, time domain averaging is carried out on the electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in the occipital-temporal areas on the left side and the right side, the amplitude is larger than +/-80 mu V, and signals with attention left and right hand judging task response time smaller than 200ms or exceeding 1250ms are regarded as artifacts to be automatically removed.
Preferably, the multi-window spectrum estimation is carried out on the occipital-temporal time domain average brain electric signals acquired by the k times of visual stimulation sequences,
wherein K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, y k (f) For the frequency characteristic coefficients, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, g k (n) is a kth data window function, satisfying mutual orthogonality between a plurality of data windows;
the sinusoidal sequence data window function is represented as,
noise is introduced into rhythmic discharge, environment and circuits of the cerebral cortex, so that a signal-to-noise ratio value SNR is introduced as an identification response characteristic parameter, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands on both sides, wherein a signal-to-noise ratio value calculation formula is that,
wherein ,for target stimulation fundamental frequency or brain signal to noise ratio corresponding to harmonic component thereof, < >>The brain electrical signal power spectrum amplitude corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof.
The occipital temporal region vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system provided by the utility model has the advantages that: the seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module are integrally arranged, so that visual stimulation control and electroencephalogram signal extraction of a tested user are conveniently realized; aiming at the problem that the extraction of the brain-electrical signal in the occipital-temporal area is difficult, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring which can wrap the head of a user and adjust the size of the anchor ring is specially designed, the head is convenient to fix and lock, the flexible suspension frame for fixing the electrode assembly is arranged on the tensioning base, the electrode assembly can be attached to the occipital-temporal area of the head while locking the anchor ring, and the effective acquisition of the brain-electrical signal is ensured.
The self-locking of the anchor ring is realized through the ratchet wheel structure, the electrode is fixed through the flexible suspension frame, and the flexible fixation and the lamination of the electrode at the occipital-temporal position are realized by utilizing the flexible deformation, the elastic adaptation of the electrode and the compliant rotation of the spherical hinge of the independent electrode.
Periodic emotion face (happiness, fear, anger, sadness, surprise, disgust) visual stimuli are embedded in fixed-frequency neutral face visual stimuli, and implicit measurement of emotion face cognitive processes can be provided rapidly, objectively and accurately.
And the electroencephalogram data is processed by adopting multi-window spectrum estimation, the signal to noise ratio index is calculated, and the sine sequence data window function is used, so that the operation speed is high. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced as an identification response characteristic parameter, namely the ratio of the specific frequency band amplitude to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands on two sides, so that the identification of the emotional facial target stimulation signals is further enhanced, and the analysis and the research on the electroencephalogram data are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for acquiring a visual brain electrical signal in a occipital-temporal region according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a suspension type electroencephalogram helmet of a occipital-temporal region vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a transverse crown bi-directional tensioning anchor ring of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a first tensioning base and a ratchet of the suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a ratchet and an adjusting knob of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a front tension band and a second tension base of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a front tension strap and a snap fit structure of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a flexible suspension frame of a suspension type electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a connecting plate and an installation joint of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a stimulus image providing manner of a system for acquiring a visual brain signal in a occipital-temporal area according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 11 is a graph showing the change of the SNR value of an electroencephalogram signal under an anger emotion face collected by the occipital-temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal collection system according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 12 is a graph showing changes in SNR values of electroencephalogram signals under a fear emotion face collected by the occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal collection system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a system for acquiring a visual brain electrical signal in a temporal occipital region, which comprises a seat 1 for carrying a user to be tested; the visual stimulation display 2 is used for providing visual stimulation for a user on the seat 1, the suspended type electroencephalogram helmet 5 is worn on the head of the tested user and used for collecting an electroencephalogram signal of a occipital temporal area, and the control module 3 is used for obtaining the electroencephalogram signal of the suspended type electroencephalogram helmet 5 and controlling the visual stimulation display 2 to provide a presentation mode of a stimulation picture.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the suspended electroencephalogram helmet 5 comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tension anchor ring 51 matched with a head, a flexible suspension frame 52 matched with a occipital-temporal region and an electrode assembly 53 fixed on the flexible suspension frame 52, the transverse crown bidirectional tension anchor ring 51 comprises an anchor ring 511 which is arranged along the circumference of the head, two ends of the anchor ring 511 are overlapped at the rear side of the head and pass through a first tension base 512, the first tension base 512 is connected with the flexible suspension frame 52 positioned at the inner side of the anchor ring 511, the electrode assemblies 53 are respectively fixed at two sides of the flexible suspension frame 52, the electrode assemblies 53 act on the occipital-temporal region, and at least one end of the anchor ring 511 can slide relative to the first tension base 512 to adjust the length of the anchor ring 511.
The implementation conveniently realizes the control of visual stimulation and the extraction of brain electrical signals of a tested user through the seat 1, the visual stimulation display 2 and the control module 3 which are integrally arranged; aiming at the problem that the extraction of the brain-electrical signal in the occipital-temporal area is difficult, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring 51 which can wrap the head of a user and adjust the size of the anchor ring 511 is specially designed, the head is convenient to fix and lock, meanwhile, the flexible suspension frame 52 for fixing the electrode assembly 53 is arranged on the tensioning base 512, the electrode assembly 53 can be attached to the occipital-temporal area of the head while the anchor ring 511 is locked, and the effective acquisition of the brain-electrical signal is ensured.
Specifically, the seat 1 is fixed on a base 11, the base 11 is provided with a linear guide rail 12, the seat 1 can slide along the linear guide rail 12 to adjust the position, the visual stimulus display 2 is fixed on a supporting platen 21, and the supporting platen 21 is fixed on an adjusting bracket 4, so that the position of the visual stimulus display 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the bracket 4, and the relative heights and distances of the seat 1 and the visual stimulus display 2 can be flexibly adjusted; the control module 3 is a computer.
In order to avoid fatigue and distraction of the user to be tested, buttons may be provided on the support platen 21, and the user may hold the attention by pressing the buttons alternately with the left and right hands when seeing the stimulating picture.
Referring to fig. 3, the two ends of the anchor ring 511 are respectively provided with an adjusting groove 5111, racks 5112 are respectively provided on the adjusting grooves 5111 along the length direction, the racks 5112 on the two adjusting grooves 5111 are respectively provided on two different sides, a gear shaft 513 meshed with the two racks 5112 is provided on the first tensioning base 512, an adjusting knob 514 coaxial with the gear shaft 513 is provided on the outer side of the first tensioning base 512, and the gear shaft 513 can rotate along with the adjusting knob 514. Thereby under the rotation action of the adjusting knob 514, the two ends of the driving anchor ring 511 respectively rotate and stretch along with the gear shaft 513 to match with the head of the tested user.
Referring to fig. 4, an accommodating groove (not shown) is formed in the outer surface of the first tensioning base 512, a ratchet 515 is disposed in the accommodating groove, at least two first ratchets 5151 are uniformly disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet 515, a circle of second ratchets 5122 is disposed on the inner surface of the accommodating groove along the circumferential direction, the first ratchets 5151 can rotate along teeth to cross the second ratchets 5122, and reverse teeth of the first ratchets 5151 can rotate to abut against the second ratchets 5122. Referring to fig. 5, a gap 5152 is formed between the ratchet 515 and the first ratchet 5151, and one end of the first ratchet 5151 in the tooth direction is connected to the ratchet 515, so that the end of the first ratchet 5151 can be deformed inward of the ratchet 515 to disengage from the second ratchet 5122.
Referring to fig. 3-5, a rectangular hole 5153 is provided in the center of the ratchet 515, a protruding shaft (not shown) that is in plug-in fit with the rectangular hole 5153 is extended on the axle center of the gear shaft 513, at least two kidney-shaped grooves 5154 are uniformly provided on the ratchet 515 along the circumferential direction, a positioning rod 5141 that is matched with the kidney-shaped grooves 5154 is provided on the adjusting knob 514, a notch 5155 is further provided on the outer surface of the first ratchet 5151 in the clockwise direction, a wedge-shaped ejector rod 5142 that is matched with the notch 5155 is further provided on the adjusting knob 514, the wedge-shaped ejector rod 5142 is abutted to the notch 5155 in the clockwise direction of the first ratchet 5151, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod 5142 can move in the counter-tooth direction of the first ratchet 5151 to deform the first ratchet 5151 towards the inner side of the ratchet 515. The adjusting knob 514 is provided with a screw 516 penetrating through the protruding shaft, one side of the gear shaft 513 is provided with a nut 5161 screwed with the end of the screw 516, the gear shaft 513 is freely matched with the screw 516 along the circumferential direction, and therefore, under the condition that the ratchet wheel 515 of the gear shaft 513 is axially connected with the adjusting knob 514, the adjusting knob 514 is allowed to rotate relatively freely with the gear shaft 513, and the rotation of the gear shaft 513 is controlled only by the action of the ratchet wheel 515.
In this embodiment, the ratchet 515 is designed to be locked at any position and can rotate along with the adjusting knob 514 to adjust the length of the anchor ring 511, specifically, in a natural state, the anchor ring 511 should have a desired extending trend, taking the perspective of fig. 4 as an example, at this time, the ratchet 515 needs to rotate counterclockwise to drive the two ends of the anchor ring 511 to move relatively and separate, but at this time, the first ratchet 5151 of the ratchet 515 abuts against the second ratchet 5122 on the first tensioning base 512 along the counterclockwise direction, so that the ratchet 515 cannot rotate spontaneously, and self-locking of the length of the anchor ring 511 is achieved.
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, when the length of the anchor ring 511 needs to be actively adjusted, the wedge-shaped ejector rod 5142 is matched with the notch 5155, the adjusting knob 514 is rotated clockwise in fig. 4 to drive the ratchet wheel 515 to rotate clockwise, and at the moment, the first ratchet 5151 of the ratchet wheel 515 can deform inwards to avoid when passing through the second ratchet 5122, so that the anchor ring 511 can pass smoothly, and the gear shaft 513 rotates along with the ratchet wheel 515 to tighten the anchor ring 511. When the length of the anchor ring 511 needs to be increased, the adjusting knob 514 is rotated anticlockwise under the view of fig. 4, and the positioning rod 5141 of the adjusting knob 514 is positioned in the kidney-shaped groove 5154 of the ratchet wheel 515, so that the adjusting knob can rotate anticlockwise by a small angle relative to the ratchet wheel 515 under the condition that the ratchet wheel 515 is not moved, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod 5142 presses the outer circular surface of the first ratchet wheel 5151, so that the first ratchet wheel 5151 deforms inwards of the ratchet wheel 515 to be disengaged from the second ratchet wheel 5122, and then the ratchet wheel 515 rotates anticlockwise along with the adjusting gear 514 to release the length of the anchor ring 511 under the driving of the positioning rod 5141.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the two sides of the head portion of the anchor ring 511 are respectively provided with a lateral tensioning belt 517, a front tensioning belt 518 is disposed in the middle of the head portion, the ends of the lateral tensioning belts 517 overlap and are fixed and the tensioning degree is controlled by a second tensioning base 519, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base 519 and the lateral tensioning belts 517 on the two sides is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base 512 and the two ends of the anchor ring 511, which is not described herein.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the surface of the front tension belt 518 is provided with a transverse slot perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, a buckle 5191 is protruding toward the front side at a middle position in the longitudinal direction of the second tension base 519, the buckle 5191 is provided with a through accommodating slot (not shown), the upper and lower surfaces of the accommodating slot are respectively provided with a limit protrusion 5192, the front tension belt 518 penetrates through the accommodating slot of the buckle 5191 along the longitudinal direction, the front tension belt 518 can pass through the limit protrusions 5192 after being inserted into the accommodating slot along the longitudinal direction, the limit protrusions 5192 can abut against the transverse slot to prevent the front tension belt 518 from leaving the accommodating slot, at least one side of the accommodating slot can be lifted up to separate the limit protrusions 5192 at two sides from each other to be disengaged from the transverse slot, and at this time, the front tension belt 518 can be pulled out from the accommodating slot.
Referring to fig. 2, 8 and 9, the flexible suspension frame 52 includes a connection plate 521 fixedly connected with the first tensioning base 512, a mounting frame (not shown) fixed on the connection plate 521, and a plurality of electrode holders 523 disposed on the mounting frame, the electrode assembly 53 is mounted on the electrode holders 523, the connection plate 521 is fastened and fixed on the inner side of the first tensioning base 512, so that the electrode assembly 53 can be directly attached to the occipital region of the head, two ends of the connection plate 521 in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity 5211, the mounting frame includes a plunger 5221 slidably engaged with the cavity 5211, and flanges (not shown) fastened to each other are disposed at an end of the plunger 5221 and an end of the cavity 5211, so that the plunger 5221 can slide in the cavity 5211, and a spring 5213 is limited in the cavity 5211.
The plunger 5221 is connected with a plurality of spherical shells 5222 in an outwards divergent mode, the electrode seat 523 is of a spherical hinge structure, the electrode seat 523 is pressed into the spherical shells 5222, the electrode assembly 53 comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 matched with the spherical hinge structure of the electrode seat 523 and an electrode 532 fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 is provided with a spherical bulge which can be plugged into the electrode seat 523, the electrode 532 is a sintered AgCl electrode and is embedded into the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531, the plunger 5221 is further provided with a flow guide 5223 which is communicated with the cavity 5211 and the electrode seat 523, the flow guide 5223 penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 and the electrode 532, conductive paste is filled in the cavity 5211, one end, far away from the mounting frame, of the cavity 5211 is provided with a pre-injection hole 5214 for injecting the conductive paste, and the pre-injection hole 5214 is provided with a sealing cover 5215.
When the brain electric helmet is used, firstly, the sealing cover 5215 is unscrewed in a rotating way, conductive paste is injected into the pre-injection hole 5214 through the injector, after the suspended brain electric helmet 5 is worn on the head of a user to be tested, the electrode 532 is attached to the head, the anchor ring 511 is tensioned through rotating the adjusting knob 514, at the moment, the electrode 532 is pressed tightly, the plunger 5221 slides towards the inside of the cavity 5211 to squeeze the conductive paste in the cavity 5211, and the conductive paste flows to each electrode 532 along the guide pipe 5223, so that the injection of the conductive paste is realized while the electrode 532 is pressed tightly.
Specifically, the electrode seat 523 is disposed at the positions of P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the left mounting frame, and the electrode seat 523 is disposed at the positions of P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the right mounting frame, so as to collect signals of the occipital temporal region.
When testing, the control module 3 controls the visual stimulus display 2 to provide visual stimulus pictures for the tested user, and referring to fig. 10, before the visual stimulus starts, the visual stimulus display 2 is randomly black screen t r Second, the contrast of the stimulated pictures is prompted to pass t from 0 to 100% p Second fade in, then visual stimulus display is according to standard stimulus frequency f s Hz presents neutral facial hole pictures, and the emotional facial hole pictures are stimulated at the target stimulation frequency f d Hz for insertion presentation, and after the whole process lasts for T seconds, prompting the contrast ratio of the stimulation picture to be from 100% to 0 and T p Second fade-out; the tested user performs k visual stimulus sequences, the neutral face images used each time are the same, the emotion face images are different, and the emotion face images are presented in an upright or inverted mode.
2-7 facial images with different moods are provided in the test, and the facial images can include happiness, fear, anger, sadness, surprise, aversion and the like; t is t r The value of the random number is 2 to 5, t p ＝2s，f s The range of the value is 4 to 6,f d The value range of (2) is 0.8-1.2, the value range of T is 40-60 seconds, and the value range of k is 2-12.
In the process of presenting the stimulated pictures, each picture size is selected to be n times of the original picture size, n is a random value within 0.7-1.4, and the picture contrast changes in a sine rule, namely y=sin (pi f) s ·t)，Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture presents fade-in and fade-out effects.
The control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on a channel electroencephalogram signal, the sampling rate is 1kHz, the electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in the occipital-temporal areas on the left side and the right side are subjected to time domain averaging by adopting 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering, and signals with the amplitude of more than +/-80 mu V and the attention left hand and right hand judging task reaction time of less than 200ms or more than 1250ms are regarded as artifacts to be automatically removed.
For the acquired electroencephalogram signals, the present embodiment also provides a method for processing, specifically, firstly, performing time-domain averaging processing on the electroencephalogram signals acquired by the plurality of electrodes 532, then performing multi-window spectrum estimation,
wherein K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, y k (f) For the frequency characteristic coefficients, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, g k (n) is a kth data window function, satisfying the mutual relation among a plurality of data windowsOrthogonalization;
the sinusoidal sequence data window function is represented as,
noise is introduced into rhythmic discharge, environment and circuits of the cerebral cortex, so that a signal-to-noise ratio value SNR is introduced as an identification response characteristic parameter, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands on both sides, wherein a signal-to-noise ratio value calculation formula is that,
wherein ,for target stimulation fundamental frequency or brain signal to noise ratio corresponding to harmonic component thereof, < >>The brain electrical signal power spectrum amplitude corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof. The SNR of the signal to noise ratio obtained by calculation can be used as the original data of the electroencephalogram analysis and research, and with reference to fig. 11 and 12, the SNR value change condition of the measured user after the electroencephalogram data processing is respectively shown under the stimulation of anger emotion face and fear emotion face.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a pillow temporal district vision brain electrical signal acquisition system which characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the seat is used for bearing a tested user;
a visual stimulus display for providing visual stimulus to a user on the seat;
the suspension type electroencephalogram helmet is worn on the head of a tested user and is used for collecting electroencephalogram signals of a occipital-temporal area;
the control module is used for acquiring brain electrical signals of the suspended brain helmet and controlling the presentation mode of the stimulation pictures;
the suspended electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring matched with the head, a flexible suspension frame matched with the occipital temporal region and an electrode assembly fixed on the flexible suspension frame; the two-way tension anchor ring of the transverse crown comprises an anchor ring which is arranged along the periphery of the head, two end parts of the anchor ring are overlapped at the rear side of the head, two ends of the anchor ring are respectively arranged in a first tension base in a penetrating manner, the first tension base is connected with a flexible suspension frame which is positioned at the inner side of the anchor ring, two sides of the flexible suspension frame are respectively fixed with an electrode assembly, the electrode assemblies act on a occipital-temporal area, and at least one end of the anchor ring can slide relative to the first tension base to adjust the length of the anchor ring;
the flexible suspension frame comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected with a first tensioning base, a mounting frame fixed on the connecting plate and a plurality of electrode holders arranged on the mounting frame, wherein an electrode assembly is arranged on the electrode holders, the connecting plate is clamped and fixed on the inner side of the first tensioning base, two ends of the connecting plate in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity, the mounting frame comprises plungers in sliding fit with the cavities, the end parts of the plungers and the end parts of the cavities are provided with flanges which are clamped mutually, springs are limited in the cavities, a plurality of spherical shells are arranged in the outwards-divergent shape of the plungers, and flow guide pipes for communicating the cavities and the electrode holders are arranged on the plungers.
2. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor ring is characterized in that adjusting grooves are formed in two ends of the anchor ring respectively, racks are arranged on the adjusting grooves along the length direction respectively, the racks on the two adjusting grooves are arranged on two sides respectively, a gear shaft meshed with the two racks is arranged on the first tensioning base, an adjusting knob coaxial with the gear shaft is arranged on the outer side of the first tensioning base, and the gear shaft can rotate along with the adjusting knob.
3. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein: the first tensioning base is internally provided with a containing groove, a ratchet wheel is placed in the containing groove, the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel is uniformly provided with at least two first ratchet teeth, the inner surface of the containing groove is provided with a circle of second ratchet teeth along the circumferential direction, the first ratchet teeth can pass over the second ratchet teeth in a clockwise rotation mode, and the first ratchet teeth can be abutted to the second ratchet teeth in a counter rotation mode; a gap is formed between the ratchet wheel and the first ratchet wheel, and one end of the first ratchet wheel in the tooth direction is connected with the ratchet wheel;
the center of the ratchet wheel is provided with a rectangular hole, the axis of the gear shaft is provided with a convex shaft in insertion fit with the rectangular hole in an extending mode, the ratchet wheel is uniformly provided with at least two waist round grooves along the circumferential direction, and the adjusting knob is provided with a positioning rod matched with the waist round grooves; the outer surface of the first ratchet along the tooth direction is also provided with a notch, the adjusting knob is provided with a wedge-shaped ejector rod matched with the notch, the wedge-shaped ejector rod is abutted with the notch along the tooth direction of the first ratchet, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod can move along the reverse tooth direction of the first ratchet to deform the first ratchet towards the inner side of the ratchet;
the adjusting knob is provided with a screw penetrating through the protruding shaft, one side of the gear shaft is provided with a nut screwed with the end part of the screw, and the gear shaft is freely matched with the screw along the circumferential direction.
4. A system for acquiring visual brain signals in the occipital temporal region according to claim 3, wherein: the anchor ring is respectively provided with a lateral tensioning belt at two sides of the head, a front tensioning belt is arranged at the middle position of the front side of the head, the end parts of the lateral tensioning belts are overlapped and are fixed through a second tensioning base, the tensioning degree is controlled, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base and the two lateral tensioning belts is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base and the two ends of the anchor ring;
the front side tensioning belt surface is arranged with the transverse groove perpendicular with length direction, the middle position of second tensioning base length direction is provided with the buckle to the front side protrusion, have the holding groove that runs through on the buckle, the upper and lower surface of holding groove is provided with spacing arch respectively, the front side tensioning belt passes along length direction the holding groove of buckle, the front side tensioning belt inserts the holding groove along length direction can be passed spacing arch, spacing arch can prevent with the transverse groove butt that the front side tensioning belt leaves the holding groove, at least one side of holding groove can be lifted and make spacing arch and transverse groove release spacing.
5. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein: the electrode seat is of a spherical hinge structure matched with the spherical shell, the electrode assembly comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve matched with the spherical hinge structure and an electrode fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is provided with a spherical bulge, and the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is plugged into the electrode seat;
the electrode seat is arranged in a divergent manner relative to the plunger, and the guide pipe penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve and the electrode; the cavity is filled with conductive paste; the cavity is provided with the hole of annotating in advance that is used for injecting conductive paste away from the one end of mounting bracket, the spiro union is provided with a closing cap on the hole of annotating in advance.
6. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 5, wherein: the electrode holders are arranged at the positions P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the mounting frame on the left side, and the electrode holders are arranged at the positions P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the mounting frame on the right side.
7. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, wherein: the seat is fixed on a base, a linear guide rail is arranged on the base, the seat can slide along the linear guide rail to change the position, the visual stimulus display is fixed on a supporting platen, and the supporting platen is fixed on an adjusting bracket; the control module is a computer.
8. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 7, wherein: the control module controls the visual stimulus display to provide visual stimulus pictures for the tested user, and before visual stimulus starts, the visual stimulus display randomly black screen t r Second, the contrast of the stimulated pictures is prompted to pass t from 0 to 100% p Second fade in, then visual stimulus display is according to standard stimulus frequency f s Hz presents neutral facial hole pictures, and the emotional facial hole pictures are stimulated at the target stimulation frequency f d Hz for insertion presentation, and after the whole process lasts for T seconds, prompting the contrast ratio of the stimulation picture to be from 100% to 0 and T p Second fade-out; the tested user performs k visual stimulus sequences, the neutral face images used each time are the same, the emotion face images are different, and the emotion face images are presented in an upright or inverted mode;
in the process of presenting the stimulated pictures, each picture size is selected to be n times of the original picture size, and the picture contrast changes in a sinusoidal law, namely y=sin (pi f s ·t)，Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture presents fade-in and fade-out effects.
9. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 8, wherein: the control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on a channel electroencephalogram signal, the sampling rate is 1kHz, and the electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in the occipital-temporal areas on the left side and the right side are subjected to time domain averaging by adopting 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering, and signals with the amplitude of more than +/-80 mu V and the response time of less than 200ms or more than 1250ms are regarded as artifacts to be automatically removed.
10. The occipital temporal region visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 9, wherein: performing multi-window spectrum estimation on the temporal-occipital time domain average electroencephalogram signals acquired by the k times of visual stimulation sequences,
wherein K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, y k (f) For the frequency characteristic coefficients, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, g k (n) is a kth data window function, satisfying mutual orthogonality between a plurality of data windows;
the sinusoidal sequence data window function is represented as,
noise is introduced into rhythmic discharge, environment and circuits of the cerebral cortex, so that a signal-to-noise ratio value SNR is introduced as an identification response characteristic parameter, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands on both sides, wherein a signal-to-noise ratio value calculation formula is that,
wherein ,for target stimulation fundamental frequency or brain signal to noise ratio corresponding to harmonic component thereof, < >>The brain electrical signal power spectrum amplitude corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof.
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