CN114190407A - 一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药 - Google Patents
一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114190407A CN114190407A CN202111570826.8A CN202111570826A CN114190407A CN 114190407 A CN114190407 A CN 114190407A CN 202111570826 A CN202111570826 A CN 202111570826A CN 114190407 A CN114190407 A CN 114190407A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=0.8~1.2:1.8~2.2:2.8~3.2;本发明将能食用的两种植物用于防治虫害,不会有残毒风险,对秀珍菇子实体无至畸等影响质量的反作用;效果超过或持平常用农药敌敌畏,氯氰菊酯。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业害虫生物防治技术领域,具体涉及一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药。
背景技术
随着食用菌产业的发展,食用菌害虫的防治越来越受到人们重视。现有的防治技术主要是农业防治、物理防治、化学防治和生物防治,农业防治、物理防治主要以防为主,在虫害发生时,不能用于有效控制食用菌虫害,而化学防治和生物防治则可用于食用菌害虫的控制。其中化学防治是外国食用菌害虫防治中的主要手段,常用的化学农药有灭蝇胺、灭多威、阿维菌素等。然而化学农药的使用会导致农药残留、污染环境、增强害虫的抗药性、危害人体健康等等问题。
菇蚊是秀珍菇栽培的主要害虫,一旦发生为害,侵入培养料中就很难根治,由于菇蚊世代重叠,化学农药又不能多次重复使用,而袋栽秀珍菇一旦出菇孔、料面产生虫卵、幼虫早期为害状很难发现。寻求探索植物的多种天然有机成份,对应农业生产过程的病虫害防治势在必行,特别是食用菌是对化学合成农药代谢很低的产品。使用化学农药极宜残留。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提出了一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,目的是为了防治秀珍菇菇蚊。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=0.8~1.2:1.8~2.2:2.8~3.2。
对上述技术方案进一步地限定,所述八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=1:2:3。
本发明有益效果:1)八角茴香是一种食用香料,内含丁香油酚,桂皮醛等多种活性很强的有机成分,对昆虫肤体破坏性渗透,造成神经***紊乱而杀死;2)黄蒿是名间常用驱杀蚊虫的,也是“青蒿素”的基源植物,其幼嫩茎叶还是一道味美的野菜,野生资源丰富;内含萜烯类有机化合物,对菇蚊成虫,幼虫均有杀灭效果;3)植物遭受虫害时可以喷酒精来治疗,八角茴香、黄蒿与酒精配伍能提高杀虫、驱虫的效果;4))本发明将能食用的两种植物用于防治虫害,不会有残毒风险,对秀珍菇子实体无至畸等影响质量的反作用;效果超过或持平常用农药敌敌畏,氯氰菊酯。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=0.8:1.8:2.8。
实施例2
一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,所述八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=1:2:3。
实施例3
一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=1.2: 2.2: 3.2。
本发明制备方法:1)将八角茴香、黄蒿粉碎后浸泡在酒精中,浸泡1~2后,过滤掉酒精中未溶解物,制得防治溶液。
本发明防治方法:1)将上述防治溶液用水稀释50倍后用于涂抹出菇袋上的出菇面;2)将上述防治溶液用水稀释200倍后用于喷洒在出菇袋以及出菇房上。
采用实施例2制备的防治溶液,经实验证明,该防治溶液对迟眼菌蚊、白趐蚤蚊、有明显的驱避和毒杀作用,将防治溶液稀释50倍后用于涂抹出菇袋上的出菇面,对蚊蛆的杀灭率达到98.5%,成虫杀灭率达到98%,可与高效氯氰菊酯1500倍液持平,且效果优于浓度为80%敌敌畏1000倍稀释液的杀虫率96%,该药效时长6天,优于高效氯氰菊酯的2天和敌敌畏的5天;将防治溶液稀释200倍后用于喷洒出菇袋以及出菇房后一小时空间不见成蚊飞舞,4小时检察停留在袋面,菇体上,层架上的成虫均已失活,在幼菇出现后的两天喷施以及采收前一天喷施均没出现由于用药引起的的菇体畸形。
Claims (2)
1.一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,由以下原料组成:按重量比计,八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=0.8~1.2:1.8~2.2:2.8~3.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种无公害防治秀珍菇菇蚊的植物配伍农药,其特征在于:所述八角茴香:黄蒿:酒精=1:2:3。
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