CN114189045A - 一种基于无线通信的智能分布式fa通信容错控制方法 - Google Patents

一种基于无线通信的智能分布式fa通信容错控制方法 Download PDF

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CN114189045A
CN114189045A CN202111350768.8A CN202111350768A CN114189045A CN 114189045 A CN114189045 A CN 114189045A CN 202111350768 A CN202111350768 A CN 202111350768A CN 114189045 A CN114189045 A CN 114189045A
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intelligent distributed
communication
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杨云萍
张春辉
马明
陈黎玲
沈航
张弓帅
李邦源
白建林
王明
刘旭
陈君
杨金
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Yuxi Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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Yuxi Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H02J13/00017—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus using optical fiber
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    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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    • Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
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    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，属于馈线自动化技术领域。智能分布式FA终端初始化时获悉自身终端参数，通过横向通信获取相邻终端的参数，建立智能分布式FA拓扑；当开关分合位发生变化时，可自适应建立相应的拓扑。智能分布式FA终端初始化形成拓扑后，上下游终端参数的越级交互，使每个智能分布式FA终端保存相邻越级终端参数。无线通信条件下，当终端通信发生故障时，智能分布式FA容错式通信机制启动，隔离通信异常终端，形成越级终端拓扑。本发明可缩减停电时间，节约停电时户数，从而使配电线路故障的供电可靠性得到进一步的提升，易于推广应用。

Description

一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于馈线自动化(FA)技术领域，具体涉及一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法。
背景技术
馈线自动化是提高配电网供电可靠性的重要技术手段，在国内外中压配电网保护方面，馈线自动化模式包括就地式馈线自动化、主站集中式FA和智能分布式FA三种模式：
1.就地式馈线自动化模式包括电压时间型、电压电流型等，依靠线路电压电流实现故障定位及隔离，线路设备之间没有通信，需要变电站出口开关多次重合来实现馈线自动化功能，因此故障处理及供电恢复速度慢，对***及用户冲击大，另外在多电源多分支的配电线路上，由于时间参数整定困难，容易引起故障隔离范围扩大。
2.主站集中式FA为依靠主站实现的馈线自动化技术，现场配电终端采集故障电流信息并传递给主站，主站根据配电网络拓扑及其采集到的故障信息，进行故障定位、隔离与非故障区域恢复供电。由于主站需要所有配电线路拓扑，当配电网改造时主站拓扑更新频繁，导致配电主站的馈线自动化模型总在变化中，现场实施困难。
3.智能分布式馈线自动化不需要配电主站或子站控制，通过保护装置之间的对等通信技术，在配电网发生故障时，利用保护装置自行采集、处理当地站点以及其他相关站点的测量和控制信息，进行保护控制决策并直接向所控制的开关发出跳闸命令，完成配电网线路故障隔离和非故障区域供电恢复。采用该方式的配电网线路故障处理速度快，能大幅降低配电网停电时间，满足社会经济发展对供电可靠性日益增长的需求。但智能分布式FA的对等式通信对通信介质要求较高，目前主要采用光纤通信，但大量的光缆铺设所需的时间成本、人力成本和物料成本偏高，且对于老城区、旧线路改造及偏远地区的配电网线路难以实施。无线通信组网方式灵活，实施成本低，在无线基站覆盖地区均可实现智能分布式FA保护技术，但相比于光纤通信，其通信可靠性较低，容易发生通信异常情况，导致已投入智能分布式FA的现场难以使用。
综上，基于无线通信的智能分布式FA组网方式灵活、实施成本低、应用范围广，是配电网保护发展的新方向，攻克其通信可靠性的问题是促进基于无线通信的智能分布式FA重要举措。
发明内容
当前无线通信情况下，智能分布式FA终端发生通信异常后，通常会采用智能分布式FA线路全线闭锁的方式，保证装置可靠不动作，或者全线切换至电压时间型的方式，采用无通信的馈线自动化技术实现故障线路的隔离与恢复。
由于无线通信相比于光纤通信，其通信质量更加不稳定，容易出现通信异常的情况，从而导致智能分布式FA无法得到较好地应用，很多投入智能分布式FA的现场最终无法投入使用。
因此，本发明针对无线通信的智能分布式FA通信异常进行特殊处理，提出一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错方法，实现智能分布式FA的使用，从根本上提升智能分布式FA的实用性，拓展智能分布式FA的应用，从而提高供电可靠性。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，包括：
智能分布式FA终端获取自身终端参数，并与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，获取相邻终端参数，从而实现智能分布式FA终端的线路拓扑建立；
每个智能分布式FA终端获取其上游智能分布式FA终端参数，然后通过与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，将其上游智能分布式FA终端参数作为越级终端参数发送至相邻智能分布式FA终端进行保存；
智能分布式FA终端检测到相邻终端的通信中断后，查询该相邻终端的越级终端参数，根据越级终端参数中的IP与越级终端进行通信，并进行拓扑信息的更新，且向越级终端发送最新的拓扑链接报文，当越级终端收到最新拓扑报文后回复确认，并更新其自身的拓扑信息以及相邻终端信息，同时越级终端反向与源终端进行拓扑链接交互，从而实现整个线路拓扑信息完成更新；
当通信中断处发生线路故障时，智能分布式FA终端按照新的线路拓扑与相邻终端进行故障信息交互，判定故障点，进行故障隔离。
进一步，优选的是，智能分布式FA终端通过FA参数模型获悉自身终端参数；与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信后，进行解析，获得相邻终端的参数。
进一步，优选的是，所述的终端参数包括终端IP、对应开关ID、对应开关两侧节点ID。
进一步，优选的是，在线路正常运行时，智能分布式FA终端通过给相邻终端发送报文和接收应答报文，来计算通信质量Q；
Q＝N·K (1)
其中，N为前一时间窗内拓扑报文收到应答的次数，K为通信质量的敏感程度参数；当Q小于0.5或大于0.9时动态更新报文传输间隔时间T：如果Q>0.9，T缩小10％，如果Q<0.5，T放大10％；当T大于最大等待时间Tmax，则判定此开关出现通信中断，当T小于最小等待时间Tmin，将T置为最小值。
进一步，优选的是，K＝0.1；设置时间窗内10条报文发送；
进一步，优选的是，当线路发生故障时，智能分布式FA终端根据时间T发送询问至相邻终端，大于时间Tmax未接收到应答报文则重发询问报文，若仍然未收到应答报文，则判定相邻终端出现通信故障。
本发明中，智能分布式FA终端初始化时获悉自身终端参数，通过横向通信获取相邻终端的参数，建立智能分布式FA拓扑；当开关分合位发生变化时，可自适应建立相应的拓扑。智能分布式FA终端初始化形成拓扑后，上下游终端参数的越级交互，使每个智能分布式FA终端保存相邻越级终端参数。无线通信条件下，当终端通信发生故障时，智能分布式FA容错式通信机制启动，隔离通信异常终端，形成越级终端拓扑。
本发明与现有技术相比，其有益效果为：
通信异常时，传统的智能分布式处理方案是全线闭锁或电压时间型。全线闭锁的方式下，发生线路故障，则智能分布式FA不处理，导致变电站出口开关跳闸，从而导致整条配电线路停电，需要靠人工进行故障定位与隔离。电压时间型的方式下，发生线路故障，变电站出口开关跳闸，配电线路开关依次合闸，合至故障点后变电站出口开关再次跳闸，故障点前级开关闭锁合闸，配电线路开关依次合闸，完成故障隔离，需要人工合闸恢复非故障区域供电。电压时间型需要开关多次分合闸，线路多次停复电，造成线路上的设备损耗较大。
采用本发明通信容错方法后，当通信异常处发生线路故障时，其相邻终端进行故障信息交互，判定故障点，相邻终端跳闸完成故障区域隔离，与正常通信状态相比，故障区域发生了扩大，但仍然完成了FA最短时间最小故障范围隔离。与全线闭锁相比，停电范围缩小，与电压时间型相比，停电时间缩短，开关动作次数减少。
当非通信异常处发生线路故障时，智能分布式FA按照原有故障处理逻辑进行故障隔离与恢复，与正常通信状态的故障处理效果相同。与全线闭锁相比，停电范围缩小，与电压时间型相比，停电时间缩短，开关动作次数减少。
基于上述，当国内某一配电线路发生故障时，经计算采用本发明基于无线通信的智能分布式FA投入运行后，从故障线路定位、隔离到完成非故障线路供电恢复全过程仅耗时10S，无需人工干预，消耗时户数0.347时·户。若采用全线闭锁模式，调控员分析定位故障点，快速遥控隔离并转供电，全过程约耗时16.8分钟，消耗时户数35时·户。若采用传统的电压时间型模式，故障查找及后段线路隔离恢复送电需用时2.6分钟，消耗停电时户数5.417时·户。因此，本发明较全线闭锁模式，节约停电时间0.2772小时，节约时户数34.653个，节约人力资源2人，效能提升100.8倍；较电压时间型模式，节约停电时间0.0433小时，节约时户数5.417时·户，节约人力资源2人，效能提升15.6倍。从故障处理分析结果可看出，本发明可缩减停电时间，节约停电时户数，从而使配电线路故障的供电可靠性得到进一步的提升，易于推广应用。
附图说明
图1为拓扑建立流程图；
图2为通信异常时拓扑重建流程图；
图3为智能分布式FA线路拓扑图；
图4为线路通信故障示例图；
图5为线路故障示例图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本领域技术人员将会理解，下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用材料或设备未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过购买获得的常规产品。
一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，包括：
智能分布式FA终端获取自身终端参数，并与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，获取相邻终端参数，从而实现智能分布式FA终端的线路拓扑建立；
每个智能分布式FA终端获取其上游智能分布式FA终端参数，然后通过与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，将其上游智能分布式FA终端参数作为越级终端参数发送至相邻智能分布式FA终端进行保存；
智能分布式FA终端检测到相邻终端的通信中断后，查询该相邻终端的越级终端参数，根据越级终端参数中的IP与越级终端进行通信，并进行拓扑信息的更新，且向越级终端发送最新的拓扑链接报文，当越级终端收到最新拓扑报文后回复确认，并更新其自身的拓扑信息以及相邻终端信息，同时越级终端反向与源终端进行拓扑链接交互，从而实现整个线路拓扑信息完成更新；
当通信中断处发生线路故障时，智能分布式FA终端按照新的线路拓扑与相邻终端进行故障信息交互，判定故障点，进行故障隔离。
优选，智能分布式FA终端通过FA参数模型获悉自身终端参数；与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信后，进行解析，获得相邻终端的参数。
优选，所述的终端参数包括终端IP、对应开关ID、对应开关两侧节点ID。
优选，在线路正常运行时，智能分布式FA终端通过给相邻终端发送报文和接收应答报文，来计算通信质量Q；
Q＝N·K (1)
其中，N为前一时间窗内拓扑报文收到应答的次数，K为通信质量的敏感程度参数；当Q小于0.5或大于0.9时动态更新报文传输间隔时间T：如果Q>0.9，T缩小10％，如果Q<0.5，T放大10％；当T大于最大等待时间Tmax，则判定此开关出现通信中断，当T小于最小等待时间Tmin，将T置为最小值。
优选，K＝0.1；设置时间窗内10条报文发送；
优选，当线路发生故障时，智能分布式FA终端根据时间T发送询问至相邻终端，大于时间Tmax未接收到应答报文则重发询问报文，若仍然未收到应答报文，则判定相邻终端出现通信故障。
本发明在线路正常运行时，智能分布式FA终端保存相邻越级终端信息，当一台智能分布式终端发生通信异常后，其相邻终端通信隔离该智能分布式终端，扩大通信异常处的故障隔离区域，保证智能分布式FA通信容错运行，从而使得基于无线通信的智能分布式FA实用性提高。
(1)建立智能分布式FA线路越级参数交互。智能分布式FA终端通过FA参数模型获悉自身终端参数，智能分布式FA终端初始化后解析参数模型文件，并与相邻终端横向通信，获取相邻终端的参数，从而实现智能分布式FA的线路拓扑建立。注：FA参数模型为现有技术。
当智能分布式FA线路出现开关分合闸变化，从而导致线路的联络开关发生变化时，智能分布式FA终端可实时自适应建立新的运行拓扑。其中终端参数包括：终端IP、对应开关ID、对应开关两侧节点ID，如图1所示。
线路运行过程中，智能分布式FA终端将其上游终端的参数发送至其下游终端，同时将下游终端的参数发送至其上游终端，从而实现上下游终端参数的越级交互，每个智能分布式FA终端保存相邻越级终端参数。其中越级终端参数包括：终端IP、对应的开关ID、对应开关两侧节点ID。
(2)智能分布式FA容错式通信机制。当一台智能分布式FA终端发生通信异常后，终端启动线路智能分布式FA容错式通信机制。智能分布式FA终端检测到相邻终端的通信中断后，立即查询该异常终端的越级终端参数，根据越级终端IP地址与越级终端进行通信，更新自身拓扑信息，并向越级终端发送最新的拓扑链接报文，当越级终端收到最新拓扑报文后回复确认，并更新自身的拓扑结构以及相邻信息，同时越级终端反向与源终端进行拓扑链接交互，实现整个线路拓扑信息完成更新。从而越过通信异常终端，使通信异常终端的两侧相邻终端实现了越级通信，将通信异常终端从线路拓扑中隔离，形成新的网络拓扑，保证线路智能分布式FA正常运行。通信故障后的越级终端通信处理流程如图2所示。
当通信异常处发生线路故障时，其相邻终端进行故障信息交互，判定故障点，相邻终端跳闸完成故障区域隔离，与正常通信状态相比，故障区域发生了扩大，但仍然完成了FA最短时间最小故障范围隔离。与全线闭锁相比，停电范围缩小，与电压时间型相比，停电时间缩短，开关动作次数减少。当非通信异常处发生线路故障时，智能分布式FA按照原有故障处理逻辑进行故障隔离与恢复，与正常通信状态的故障处理效果相同。与全线闭锁相比，停电范围缩小，与电压时间型相比，停电时间缩短，开关动作次数减少。
(3)智能分布式FA无线通信时延自调节技术。在线路正常运行时，智能分布式FA终端通过给相邻终端发送报文和接收应答报文的时隙评价各个相邻终端的通信质量Q，通信质量Q的计算方法如下：
Q＝N·K (1)
其中，N为前一时间窗内拓扑报文收到应答的次数，K参数用于调节***对通信质量的敏感程度，设置K＝0.1，时间窗根据报文传输的密度进行设置，一般设置时间窗内10条报文发送；当Q小于0.5或大于0.9时动态更新报文传输间隔时间T：如果Q>0.9，T缩小10％，如果Q<0.5，T放大10％；当T大于最大等待时间Tmax认为此开关出现通信中断，当T小于最小等待时间Tmin将T置为最小值。等待时间T的变化在***中是随通信质量实时更新的过程。当线路发生故障时，智能分布式FA终端根据时间T发送询问至相邻终端，大于时间Tmax未接收到应答报文则重发询问报文，若仍然未收到应答报文，则判定相邻终端出现通信故障。
以图3为例，每个开关各配置一台智能分布式FA终端，设置KG5为联络开关，拓扑建立实施例如下。
a)开关KG1的智能分布式FA终端主动发起拓扑报文获悉自身终端参数并解析，与开关KG2的智能分布式FA终端进行通信获取相邻终端参数，从而实现智能分布式FA终端的线路拓扑建立。
b)根据开关KG1的智能分布式FA终端参数中KG2的IP地址即可与开关KG2的智能分布式FA终端进行通信，开关KG1的智能分布式FA终端将发送一条链路拓扑报文。拓扑报文中包含电源点开关ID号、是否带电、开关端子号、开关状态、距离电源点的距离、电源点电流冗余量和故障信息。
c)当开关KG2的智能分布式FA终端收到链路拓扑报文后，给开关KG1的智能分布式FA终端回复一条确认帧，并且将开关KG2自身的开关端子号、开关状态、带电状态更新到这个拓扑报文中；
d)每个开关的智能分布式FA终端逐级与下一级开关的智能分布式FA终端通信，建立连接，并更新拓扑报文。当拓扑报文发送至联络开关(开关分闸)KG5处时，电源点的拓扑报文转成联络拓扑报文，联络拓扑报文包含联络开关ID号、电源点ID、带电状态、分位开关ID、带电状态、与电源点距离。
e)联络报文合并到拓扑报文前面组成最新的联络报文，联络开关KG5的智能分布式FA终端根据终端参数中IP地址与KG6进行通信，将新的联络报文发至KG6开关的智能分布式FA终端，KG6开关的智能分布式FA终端收到链路拓扑报文后进行返回确认，最终完成整个网络的拓扑。
以图4为例，假设开关KG3发生通信故障：
a)KG2开关的智能分布式FA终端发现与KG3开关的智能分布式FA终端通信中断后越过KG3开关的智能分布式FA终端，获取KG4开关的智能分布式FA终端参数，根据终端参数中IP地址与KG4开关的智能分布式FA终端进行通信，并其更新自身的拓扑信息。
b)开关KG2的智能分布式FA终端主动向KG4开关的智能分布式FA终端发送最新的拓扑连接报文，当KG4开关的智能分布式FA终端收到最新拓扑报文后，回复确认，越级通信建立，开关KG4的智能分布式FA终端更新自身的拓扑结构以及相邻开关的信息。
c)开关KG4的智能分布式FA终端更新完成后获取开关KG5的智能分布式FA终端参数，根据终端参数中IP地址与开关KG5的智能分布式FA终端进行通信，直至末端整个拓扑信息完成更新。
线路发生故障时处理方法以图5为例：
a)在整个重建拓扑过程中，开关KG2、KG4的智能分布式FA终端之间直接建立链接，开关KG3的智能分布式FA终端从网络拓扑中删除。
b)S3、S4线路合并为一条线路，当故障发生在S3、S4段，则KG2、KG4跳闸，扩大隔离区域，开关KG4的智能分布式FA终端请求联络开关KG5的智能分布式FA终端合闸，恢复非故障区域供电。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (6)

1.一种基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
智能分布式FA终端获取自身终端参数，并与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，获取相邻终端参数，从而实现智能分布式FA终端的线路拓扑建立；
每个智能分布式FA终端获取其上游智能分布式FA终端参数，然后通过与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信，将其上游智能分布式FA终端参数作为越级终端参数发送至相邻智能分布式FA终端进行保存；
智能分布式FA终端检测到相邻终端的通信中断后，查询该相邻终端的越级终端参数，根据越级终端参数中的IP与越级终端进行通信，并进行拓扑信息的更新，且向越级终端发送最新的拓扑链接报文，当越级终端收到最新拓扑报文后回复确认，并更新其自身的拓扑信息以及相邻终端信息，同时越级终端反向与源终端进行拓扑链接交互，从而实现整个线路拓扑信息完成更新；
当通信中断处发生线路故障时，智能分布式FA终端按照新的线路拓扑与相邻终端进行故障信息交互，判定故障点，进行故障隔离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于：智能分布式FA终端通过FA参数模型获悉自身终端参数；与相邻智能分布式FA终端横向通信后，进行解析，获得相邻终端的参数。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于：所述的终端参数包括终端IP、对应开关ID、对应开关两侧节点ID。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于：在线路正常运行时，智能分布式FA终端通过给相邻终端发送报文和接收应答报文，来计算通信质量Q；
Q＝N·K (1)
其中，N为前一时间窗内拓扑报文收到应答的次数，K为通信质量的敏感程度参数；当Q小于0.5或大于0.9时动态更新报文传输间隔时间T：如果Q>0.9，T缩小10％，如果Q<0.5，T放大10％；当T大于最大等待时间Tmax，则判定此开关出现通信中断，当T小于最小等待时间Tmin，将T置为最小值。
5.根据权利要求4所述的基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于：K＝0.1；设置时间窗内10条报文发送；
6.根据权利要求4所述的基于无线通信的智能分布式FA通信容错控制方法，其特征在于：当线路发生故障时，智能分布式FA终端根据时间T发送询问至相邻终端，大于时间Tmax未接收到应答报文则重发询问报文，若仍然未收到应答报文，则判定相邻终端出现通信故障。
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