CN114188993A - Self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, which is characterized in that self-diagnosis is carried out on the primary frequency modulation adjusting quality by an upper computer of a monitoring system, and switching is carried out among a plurality of preset groups of adjusting parameters according to the self-diagnosis result; and an alarm is given to the abnormity of the primary frequency modulation function. The invention can carry out self-diagnosis on the primary frequency modulation quality and carry out self-adaptive switching of the adjusting parameters, thereby effectively improving the primary frequency modulation adjusting quality, ensuring the availability of the primary frequency modulation and preventing the primary frequency modulation from generating negative effects opposite to expectations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric frequency modulation, and relates to a self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for adjusting parameters of primary frequency modulation.
Background
The maintenance of the power grid frequency within a certain deviation range of the rated frequency is an important content of the power grid safety, and the power grid frequency directly depends on and reflects the supply and demand balance of the power of the whole power grid, namely whether the total power generation amount and the total power consumption amount of the power grid can maintain basic consistency. Therefore, the balance of supply and demand of the electric quantity of the power grid is realized by adjusting the generated energy (active power output) of each grid-connected power station, and the frequency of the power grid is further ensured to be stabilized near the rated frequency, so that the power grid becomes an important function of a dispatching mechanism and a power generation mechanism.
Conventionally, the active power regulation of a grid-connected power station mainly comprises primary frequency modulation regulation and secondary frequency modulation regulation, wherein: the primary frequency modulation means that when the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds a primary frequency modulation threshold value (most power grids in China are hydroelectric power 0.05Hz and thermal power 0.03Hz), each unit speed regulator system regulates the active power of the unit according to a preset 'frequency-power' regulation coefficient so as to make up the imbalance between the generating power and the consumed power of the power grid to a certain extent. Compared with secondary frequency modulation, because a unified control center is not provided for performing coordinated control on each unit participating in primary frequency modulation and is related to a calculation mechanism of an adjustment amount, the primary frequency modulation cannot enable the frequency of a power grid to be completely recovered to a rated frequency, so that the primary frequency modulation is also called as differential adjustment, but the primary frequency modulation has the advantages that: 1) because a uniform control center is not arranged, the risk of complete failure like secondary frequency modulation (for example, abnormal exit of a secondary frequency modulation function module is scheduled) is avoided, and thus extremely high overall reliability is obtained; 2) the regulating instruction is directly calculated by the unit, and processes of scheduling calculation, instruction transmission, AGC distribution of a power station and the like of secondary frequency modulation are omitted, so that the response speed to the power grid frequency abnormality is far higher than that of the secondary frequency modulation.
As is well known, the adjustment performance of the active power of the hydroelectric generating set is influenced by factors such as water head, adjustment amplitude, current load, water flow inertia, mechanical inertia and the like, and particularly for a large hydroelectric generating set with a high water head, the adjustment performance is often greatly different under different water heads. However, most of domestic hydropower stations only adopt a set of fixed adjusting parameters when performing primary frequency modulation, so that under the influence of an adjusting error caused by an adjusting dead zone and phase lag caused by adjusting delay and adjusting speed, the actual adjusting quantity of the primary frequency modulation is greatly different from the expected target adjusting quantity in some cases, the adjusting quality of the primary frequency modulation is influenced, and even the primary frequency modulation can generate a negative effect opposite to the expectation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, which can perform self-diagnosis on primary frequency modulation quality and perform self-adaptive switching of adjusting parameters.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters is characterized in that self-diagnosis is carried out on the primary frequency modulation adjusting quality by an upper computer of a monitoring system, and switching is carried out among multiple preset groups of adjusting parameters according to self-diagnosis results;
the self-diagnosis includes the following operations:
s1100) calculating theoretical integral quantity and actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit by an upper computer of the monitoring system;
s1200) setting an auxiliary parameter z for calculating the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality1、z2、z3、z4：
S1210)k3＞z1＞z2＞z3＞z4＞k4Wherein k is3Adjusting an upper limit threshold coefficient, k, for the primary frequency modulation power of the unit4Adjusting a lower limit threshold coefficient for the primary frequency modulation power of the unit;
S1220)z1+z4＝2，z2+z3＝2；
s1300) calculating the adjusting quality of the primary frequency modulation of each unit, comprising the following steps:
s1310) setting an admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation;
s1320) comparing the theoretical integral quantity absolute value of the primary frequency modulation of each unit with the admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation, and calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation through subsequent steps when the current value is greater than or equal to the latter value; when the former is smaller than the latter, skipping the subsequent steps and not calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation;
s1330) dividing the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit by the theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment to obtain the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit;
s1340) judging the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit according to the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit, and generating an adjustment quality parameter E, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1341) setting value parameters of alpha, beta, gamma and delta, wherein alpha is more than 0 and more than beta and more than gamma and more than delta;
s1342) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z2And z3In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be very ideal, and the adjustment quality parameter E is 0;
s1343) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z1And z2In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be higher in adjustment quantity, and an adjustment quality parameter E is alpha;
s1344) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z3And z4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-alpha;
s1345) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in k3And z1In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely high, and the adjustment quality parameter E is beta;
s1346) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z4And k is4In the middle, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-beta;
s1347) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment exceeds k3When the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered as the adjustment overshoot, and the adjustment quality parameter E is gamma;
s1348) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is 0 and k4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be not up to the standard, and the adjustment quality parameter E is equal to-gamma;
s1349) when the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit is smaller than 0, considering that the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit plays an opposite role in stabilizing the frequency of the power grid, and adjusting a quality parameter E to be-delta;
s1400) the upper computer of the monitoring system self-diagnoses the primary frequency modulation function according to the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality parameter E of each unit;
the monitoring system upper computer switches primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, and the method comprises the following operations:
s1410) setting a plurality of groups of primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters to be selected, and sequencing the parameters in sequence according to the changes from small to large of the adjusting quantity and the adjusting speed which are possibly caused;
s1420) setting parameters v, v is more than 0 and is an integer;
s1430) respectively constructing historical data arrays [ A ] for storing the adjustment quality parameters of the primary frequency modulation for each unit1、A2、A3、…、Av]；
S1440) after the adjusting quality parameter E of the primary frequency modulation of the unit is obtained through calculation each time, assigning each variable of the historical data array to an array variable with the sequence added by 1, namely Av＝Av-1，Av-1＝Av-2，…，A3＝A2，A2＝A1And A is1Assigned to the tuning quality parameter E, i.e. A1＝E；
S1450) setting an ideal threshold value lambda of primary frequency modulation1；
S1460) accumulating a variable of the historical data array to a ═ a1+A2+A3+…+AvAnd the accumulated result A and the ideal threshold value lambda of the primary frequency modulation are compared1Performing a comparison comprising:
s1461) if- λ1≤A≤λ1If so, keeping the current adjusting parameters unchanged;
s1462) ifA＜－λ1And the integral proportion of the obtained latest set primary frequency modulation adjustment is less than 0, the current adjustment parameter is kept unchanged;
s1463) if A < lambda >1If the integral proportion of the latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is larger than or equal to 0, listing all the parameters which are ranked behind the current adjustment parameter in each group of adjustment parameters to be selected, selecting the parameter which is ranked the first from the parameters, switching the parameter into the currently effective adjustment parameter, and clearing 0 for each variable of the historical data array;
s1464) if A > lambda1And if so, listing all the parameters which are sequenced before the current adjusting parameter in each group of adjusting parameters to be selected, selecting the last sequenced parameter from the parameters, switching the last sequenced parameter into the currently effective adjusting parameter, and clearing 0 of each variable of the historical data array.
The calculation of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment comprises the following steps:
s1110) setting primary frequency modulation function input identification position S of each unite：
S1111) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is monitored to be in the exit state, putting the unit primary frequency modulation function into an identification position SeSet to 0;
s1112) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is monitored to be in an input state, if the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, keeping the input identification position S of the unit primary frequency modulation functioneThe change is not changed;
s1113) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is in an input state, if the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than or equal to the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, inputting the unit primary frequency modulation function into an identification position SeIs set to 1;
s1120), when the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds a hydroelectric primary frequency modulation threshold value, if the real power value of the unit is within the regulation dead zone range of the set active power value, performing the following operations:
s1121) starting a calculation process of a theoretical integral quantity and an actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1122) recording the active power actual value of each unit at the current unit as a calculation reference value of the actual integral quantity;
s1123) recording the active power set value of each unit at the current unit as a reference value for judging whether the active power set value of each unit changes;
s1124) starting timer T3；
S1125) setting an identification position S that the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold valueg，sgIs 0;
s1126) setting an identification bit S of which the primary frequency modulation actual action time exceeds a primary frequency modulation action time evaluation threshold valuet，stIs 0;
s1127) setting an identification bit S for the change of the set active power set valuec，scIs 1;
s1130) in each period of the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit, the method comprises the following operations:
s1131) calculating primary frequency modulation target power regulating quantity p of each unit respectivelyfSpaced from the cycle by a time tfObtaining the theoretical integral quantity of the cycle of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit in the cycle;
s1132) respectively sending out the real active power value p of each unit in the current periodsSubtracting the actual integral quantity calculation reference value, and calculating the interval time t between the calculation and the periodfObtaining the actual integral quantity of the cycle of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit in the cycle;
s1133) comparing the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency with the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, and when the absolute value is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, identifying the position SgSet to 1, otherwise remain unchanged;
s1134) comparison timer T3Evaluating the threshold value with the primary frequency modulation action time, and when the former is greater than or equal to the latter, marking the position stSet to 1, otherwise holdThe change is not changed;
s1135) monitoring the set value of the active power of each unit, and comparing the set value with a reference value for judging whether the set value of the active power of each unit changes; for the unit with the changed set value of the active power of the unit, the identification position s of the changed set value of the active power of the unitcSet to 0, otherwise remain unchanged;
s1140) when the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is changed from being larger than the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value to being smaller than or equal to the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, the following operations are carried out:
s1141) respectively accumulating the period theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the theoretical integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1142) respectively accumulating the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation regulation period obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the actual integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1143) finishing the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit.
According to the self-diagnosis result, the upper computer of the monitoring system sends out an alarm of the abnormal frequency modulation function under the following conditions:
if A < -lambda1If the integral proportion of the obtained latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is less than 0, keeping the current adjustment parameter unchanged, and sending out an alarm of primary frequency modulation function abnormality;
if A < -lambda1And the integral proportion of the obtained latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is more than or equal to 0, and the current adjustment parameters are sequenced in each group of adjustment parameters to be selected at last, and then an alarm of primary frequency modulation function abnormity is sent out;
if A > λ1And is currently adjustedAnd sending an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function if the section parameters are sorted at the top in each group of adjustment parameters to be selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for the primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, provided by the invention, considers the performance difference of the active power adjustment of the hydroelectric generating set under different working conditions, sets multiple variable groups of adjusting parameters, designs the related strategy of automatically switching among the groups of adjusting parameters according to the previous primary frequency modulation adjusting quality for a plurality of times, and the strategy of alarming the abnormity of the primary frequency modulation function, can effectively improve the primary frequency modulation adjusting quality, ensure the availability of the primary frequency modulation, and prevent the primary frequency modulation from generating negative effects opposite to the expectation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a self-diagnosis-based primary fm adjustment parameter adaptive switching method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjustment parameters, which is characterized in that self-diagnosis is performed on the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality by an upper computer of a monitoring system, and the adjustment parameters are switched or set according to the self-diagnosis result;
the monitoring system upper computer performs the following self-diagnosis on the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality:
s1100) calculating theoretical integral quantity and actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit, including:
s1110) setting primary frequency modulation function input identification position S of each uniteThe method comprises the following steps:
s1111) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is monitored to be in the exit state, putting the unit primary frequency modulation function into an identification position SeSet to 0;
s1112) if the power grid frequency is equal to the rated frequency when the primary frequency modulation function of the unit is in the input stateIf the absolute value of the difference value is greater than the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, keeping the unit primary frequency modulation function input identification position seThe change is not changed;
s1113) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is in an input state, if the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than or equal to the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, inputting the unit primary frequency modulation function into an identification position SeIs set to 1.
According to the policy of S1110, marking the bit SeMay include the following: 1) when the primary frequency modulation theoretically should act, if the primary frequency modulation function is in an exit state, the identification bit seIs 0; 2) when the primary frequency modulation is theoretically to be operated, if the primary frequency modulation function is in an on state, but before the primary frequency modulation operation is finished, the primary frequency modulation function is exited, the identification bit seIs 0; 3) when the primary frequency modulation theoretically should act, if the primary frequency modulation function is in the on state and the primary frequency modulation function is always in the on state before the primary frequency modulation action is finished, the identification bit seIs 1.
S1120) when the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds the hydroelectric primary frequency modulation threshold value, if the real power value of the unit is within the regulation dead zone range of the set active power value, performing the following operations, including:
s1121) starting a calculation process of a theoretical integral quantity and an actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1122) recording the active power actual value of each unit at the current unit as a calculation reference value of the actual integral quantity;
s1123) recording the active power set value of each unit at the current unit as a reference value for judging whether the active power set value of each unit changes;
s1124) starting timer T3；
S1125) setting an identification position S that the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold valueg，sgIs 0;
s1126) setting the primary frequency modulation actual action time to exceedIdentification bit s of primary frequency modulation action time evaluation threshold valuet，stIs 0;
s1127) setting an identification bit S for the change of the set active power set valuec，scIs 1.
S1130) in each period of the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit, the following operations are carried out, including:
s1131) calculating primary frequency modulation target power regulating quantity p of each unit respectivelyfSpaced from the cycle by a time tfThe product of the first and second frequency modulation values is obtained to obtain the period theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit in the period,
s1132) respectively sending out the real active power value p of each unit in the current periodsSubtracting the actual integral quantity calculation reference value, and calculating the interval time t between the calculation and the periodfObtaining the actual integral quantity of the cycle of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit in the cycle;
s1133) comparing the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency with the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, and when the absolute value is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, identifying the position SgSet to 1, otherwise remain unchanged; according to the evaluation condition of the primary frequency modulation action of the southern power grid, the frequency peak value in the middle of the primary frequency modulation action exceeds an evaluation threshold (thermal power)>0.05Hz, hydroelectric power>0.065Hz) ", the embodiment sets the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value to 0.065 Hz;
s1134) comparison timer T3Evaluating the threshold value with the primary frequency modulation action time, and when the former is greater than or equal to the latter, marking the position stSetting the evaluation threshold value to be 1, otherwise, keeping the evaluation threshold value unchanged, and according to the evaluation condition of the primary frequency modulation action of the southern power grid, wherein the duration of the primary frequency modulation action exceeds the specified action delay (thermal power 15s, hydroelectric power 15s), and the embodiment sets the evaluation threshold value of the primary frequency modulation action time to be 15 s;
s1135) monitoring the set active power set value of each unit, comparing the set active power set value with a reference value for judging whether the set active power set value changes, and regarding the unit with the changed set active power set value, comparing the set active power with the reference valueIdentification position s with variable set valuecThe strategy is set to be 0, otherwise, the strategy is kept unchanged, and the strategy is set according to the relevant regulation of 'taking away from the primary frequency modulation during the secondary frequency modulation action' of the power grid;
s1140) when the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is changed from being larger than the hydroelectric primary frequency modulation threshold value to being smaller than or equal to the hydroelectric primary frequency modulation threshold value, performing the following operations including:
s1141) respectively accumulating the period theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the theoretical integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1142) respectively accumulating the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation regulation period obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the actual integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1143) finishing the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit.
S1200) setting an auxiliary parameter z for calculating the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality1、z2、z3、z4：
S1210)k3＞z1＞z2＞z3＞z4＞k4Wherein k is3The upper limit threshold coefficient k of the primary frequency modulation power regulating quantity of the unit4The lower limit threshold coefficient of the unit primary frequency modulation power regulating quantity is determined as the action qualification according to the evaluation condition of the primary frequency modulation action of the southern power grid, namely that the integral electric quantity of the primary frequency modulation action reaches 50% of the integral electric quantity of the theoretical action, and then k in the embodiment4Should be set to 0.5, since the grid does not specify the qualified upper limit of the action integral electric quantity, k is according to the symmetry principle3Can be set to 1.5;
S1220)z1+z4＝2，z2+z3assume according to the embodiment that if k is 24Set to 0.5, k3Set to 1.5, then z may be considered4Set to 0.65, z3Set to 0.8, z2Set to 1.2, z3Set to 1.35;
s1300) calculating the adjusting quality of the primary frequency modulation of each unit, comprising the following steps:
s1310) an admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation is set, wherein the admission threshold value is a numerical value larger than 0, and the admission threshold value is used for filtering the primary frequency modulation adjustment which is not included in the electric network evaluation because the absolute value of the deviation between the electric network frequency and the rated frequency is smaller and the duration of the primary frequency modulation action is shorter, or the primary frequency modulation adjustment with the theoretical integral quantity calculation result of 0 in S1141 is not calculated in the subsequent steps;
s1320) comparing the absolute value of the theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation of each unit with the admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation, when the current value is larger than or equal to the latter value, calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation through subsequent steps, and when the current value is smaller than the latter value, skipping the subsequent steps and not calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation;
s1330) dividing the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit by the theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment to obtain the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit.
S1340) judging the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit according to the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit, and generating an adjustment quality parameter E, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1341) setting parameters α, β, γ, δ, where 0 < α < β < γ < δ, and in this embodiment, α ═ 0.5, β ═ 1, γ ═ 2, and δ ═ 4;
s1342) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z2And z3In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be very ideal, and the adjustment quality parameter E is 0;
s1343) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z1And z2In the middle, considerAdjusting the quality for the primary frequency modulation of the unit to be higher in adjustment quantity, wherein an adjustment quality parameter E is alpha;
s1344) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z3And z4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-alpha;
s1345) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in k3And z1In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely high, and the adjustment quality parameter E is beta;
s1346) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z4And k is4In the middle, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-beta;
s1347) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment exceeds k3When the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered as the adjustment overshoot, and the adjustment quality parameter E is gamma;
s1348) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is 0 and k4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be not up to the standard, and the adjustment quality parameter E is equal to-gamma;
s1349) when the integral ratio of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit is smaller than 0, determining that the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is opposite to the frequency stability of the power grid, and adjusting the quality parameter E to- δ.
S1400) the upper computer of the monitoring system self-diagnoses the primary frequency modulation function according to the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality parameter E of each unit; and switching the adjusting parameters according to the diagnosis result, or giving an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function.
The monitoring system upper computer sets or switches primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, and the method comprises the following operations:
s1410) setting a plurality of groups of primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters (including PID and other parameters) to be selected, and sequencing the parameters in sequence according to the changes from small to large of the adjusting quantity and the adjusting rate which are possibly caused;
s1420) setting a parameter v, wherein v is more than 0 and is an integer, and the embodiment assumes that v is set to 10;
s1430) respectively constructing historical data arrays [ A ] for storing the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality parameters for each unit1、A2、A3、…、Av]；
S1440) after the adjusting quality parameter E of the primary frequency modulation of the unit is obtained through calculation each time, assigning each variable of the historical data array to an array variable with the sequence added by 1, namely Av＝Av-1，Av-1＝Av-2，…，A3＝A2，A2＝A1And A is1Assigned to the tuning quality parameter E, i.e. A1＝E；
S1450) setting an ideal threshold value lambda of primary frequency modulation1In this embodiment, let λ be assumed1Is set to 10;
s1460) accumulating a variable of the historical data array to a ═ a1+A2+A3+…+AvAnd the accumulated result A and the ideal threshold value lambda of the primary frequency modulation are compared1Performing a comparison comprising:
s1461) if- λ1≤A≤λ1If so, keeping the current adjusting parameters unchanged;
s1462) if A < lambda >1And if the integral proportion of the latest set primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in the step S1330 is less than 0, keeping the current adjustment parameter unchanged;
s1463) if A < lambda >1And if the integral ratio of the latest set primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in S1330 is greater than or equal to 0, then listing all the parameters ordered after the current adjustment parameter in each set of adjustment parameters set in S1410, selecting the first one of the parameters ordered, setting or switching the parameter to the currently effective adjustment parameter, and clearing 0 from each variable of the historical data array;
s1464) if A > lambda1Then, all the parameters in the sets of adjustment parameters of the water set in S1410 that are ranked before the current adjustment parameter are listed, and the last one in the ranks is selected from them, and is set or switched to the currently effective adjustment parameter, and simultaneously, the variables in the historical data array are cleared to 0.
And under the following conditions, an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function is issued under the following conditions:
if A < -lambda1And if the integral proportion of the latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in the step S1330 is smaller than 0, keeping the current adjustment parameter unchanged and sending an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function;
if A < -lambda1And the integral proportion of the latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in the step S1330 is greater than or equal to 0, and the adjustment parameters are sorted in the groups of adjustment parameters set in the step S1410 at the end, an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function is sent out;
if A > λ1And the current adjusting parameters are ranked at the top in each group of adjusting parameters set in the step S1410, an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function is sent out.
The action of adjusting the quality parameters in the above embodiment is shown in the following table:
| E | A | situation of action | E | A | Situation of action | E | A | Situation of action |
| 1 | 1 | Without movement | -1 | -0.5 | Without movement | 2 | 5.5 | Without movement |
| 1 | 2 | Without movement | -2 | -2.5 | Without movement | 1 | 8.5 | Without movement |
| 1 | 3 | Without movement | -1 | -3.5 | Without movement | 0 | 9.5 | Without movement |
| 2 | 5 | Without movement | -0.5 | -4 | Without movement | -4 | 6 | Without movement |
| 2 | 7 | Without movement | 0.5 | -3.5 | Without movement | -4 | 1.5 | Without movement |
| 2 | 9 | Without movement | 0.5 | -3 | Without movement | -4 | -3 | Without movement |
| 2 | 11 | Switching parameters, and clearing 0 | 1 | -2 | Without movement | -4 | -8 | Without movement |
| 0.5 | 0.5 | Without movement | 2 | -0.5 | Without movement | -4 | -14 | Alarm device |
| 0.5 | 1 | Without movement | 1 | 0 | Without movement | 1 | -14 | Switching parameters, and clearing 0 |
| -0.5 | 0.5 | Without movement | 2 | 2.5 | Without movement | 2 | 2 | Without movement |
According to different working conditions, the self-adaptive switching of the primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters and the abnormal alarm can be roughly divided into the following conditions:
1) if the actual primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity is lower than the target adjustment quantity for a long time, switching the adjustment parameters to increase the primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity, and if the primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity cannot be increased through switching the adjustment parameters, sending an abnormal alarm;
2) if the actual primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity is higher than the target adjustment quantity for a long time, switching the adjustment parameters to reduce the primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity, and if the primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity cannot be reduced through switching the adjustment parameters, sending an abnormal alarm;
3) if the actual primary frequency modulation adjustment quantity is opposite to the target adjustment quantity, namely the primary frequency modulation has a negative effect on the frequency stability of the power grid, an abnormal alarm is sent out;
4) and if the actual adjustment quantity of the primary frequency modulation is basically consistent with the target adjustment quantity in the whole long term, no action is performed.
In conclusion, the method considers the performance difference of active power regulation of the hydroelectric generating set under different working conditions, sets a plurality of variable groups of regulating parameters, designs a related strategy for automatically switching among the regulating parameters of each group, and designs a strategy for alarming the abnormity of the primary frequency modulation function; the quality of primary frequency modulation adjustment can be effectively improved, the usability of the primary frequency modulation is ensured, and the primary frequency modulation is prevented from generating negative effects opposite to expectations.
The embodiments given above are preferable examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any non-essential addition and replacement made by the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by a person skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A self-diagnosis-based self-adaptive switching method for primary frequency modulation adjustment parameters is characterized in that a monitoring system upper computer performs self-diagnosis on the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality and switches among multiple preset groups of adjustment parameters according to a self-diagnosis result;
the self-diagnosis includes the following operations:
s1100) calculating theoretical integral quantity and actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit by an upper computer of the monitoring system;
s1200) setting an auxiliary parameter z for calculating the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality1、z2、z3、z4：
S1210)k3＞z1＞z2＞z3＞z4＞k4Wherein k is3Adjusting an upper limit threshold coefficient, k, for the primary frequency modulation power of the unit4For primary frequency modulation of unitA rate adjustment lower threshold coefficient;
S1220)z1+z4＝2，z2+z3＝2；
s1300) calculating the adjusting quality of the primary frequency modulation of each unit, comprising the following steps:
s1310) setting an admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation;
s1320) comparing the theoretical integral quantity absolute value of the primary frequency modulation of each unit with the admission threshold value for calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation, and calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation through subsequent steps when the current value is greater than or equal to the latter value; when the former is smaller than the latter, skipping the subsequent steps and not calculating the adjustment quality of the primary frequency modulation;
s1330) dividing the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit by the theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment to obtain the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit;
s1340) judging the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit according to the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit, and generating an adjustment quality parameter E, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1341) setting value parameters of alpha, beta, gamma and delta, wherein alpha is more than 0 and more than beta and more than gamma and more than delta;
s1342) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z2And z3In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be very ideal, and the adjustment quality parameter E is 0;
s1343) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z1And z2In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be higher in adjustment quantity, and an adjustment quality parameter E is alpha;
s1344) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z3And z4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-alpha;
s1345) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in k3And z1In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely high, and the adjustment quality parameter E is beta;
s1346) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is in z4And k is4In the middle, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be extremely low, and the adjustment quality parameter E is-beta;
s1347) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment exceeds k3When the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered as the adjustment overshoot, and the adjustment quality parameter E is gamma;
s1348) when the integral ratio of the unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is 0 and k4In the meantime, the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit is considered to be not up to the standard, and the adjustment quality parameter E is equal to-gamma;
s1349) when the integral proportion of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of the unit is smaller than 0, considering that the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality of the unit plays an opposite role in stabilizing the frequency of the power grid, and adjusting a quality parameter E to be-delta;
s1400) the upper computer of the monitoring system self-diagnoses the primary frequency modulation function according to the primary frequency modulation adjustment quality parameter E of each unit;
the monitoring system upper computer switches primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters, and the method comprises the following operations:
s1410) setting a plurality of groups of primary frequency modulation adjusting parameters to be selected, and sequencing the parameters in sequence according to the changes from small to large of the adjusting quantity and the adjusting speed which are possibly caused;
s1420) setting parameters v, v is more than 0 and is an integer;
s1430) respectively constructing historical data arrays [ A ] for storing the adjustment quality parameters of the primary frequency modulation for each unit1、A2、A3、…、Av]；
S1440) after the adjusting quality parameter E of the primary frequency modulation of the unit is obtained through calculation each time, assigning each variable of the historical data array to an array variable with the sequence added by 1, namely Av＝Av-1，Av-1＝Av-2，…，A3＝A2，A2＝A1And A is1Assigned to the tuning quality parameter E, i.e. A1＝E；
S1450) setting an ideal threshold value lambda of primary frequency modulation1；
S1460) willAccumulating variables of the historical data array, wherein A is A1+A2+A3+…+AvAnd the accumulated result A and the ideal threshold value lambda of the primary frequency modulation are compared1Performing a comparison comprising:
s1461) if- λ1≤A≤λ1If so, keeping the current adjusting parameters unchanged;
s1462) if A < lambda >1And the integral proportion of the obtained latest set primary frequency modulation adjustment is less than 0, the current adjustment parameter is kept unchanged;
s1463) if A < lambda >1If the integral proportion of the latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is larger than or equal to 0, listing all the parameters which are ranked behind the current adjustment parameter in each group of adjustment parameters to be selected, selecting the parameter which is ranked the first from the parameters, switching the parameter into the currently effective adjustment parameter, and clearing 0 for each variable of the historical data array;
s1464) if A > lambda1And if so, listing all the parameters which are sequenced before the current adjusting parameter in each group of adjusting parameters to be selected, selecting the last sequenced parameter from the parameters, switching the last sequenced parameter into the currently effective adjusting parameter, and clearing 0 of each variable of the historical data array.
2. The self-diagnosis based adaptive switching method of primary frequency modulation parameters of claim 1, wherein the calculation of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation comprises the following operations:
s1110) setting primary frequency modulation function input identification position S of each unite：
S1111) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is monitored to be in the exit state, putting the unit primary frequency modulation function into an identification position SeSet to 0;
s1112) when the unit primary frequency modulation function is monitored to be in an input state, if the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is larger than the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, keeping the input identification position S of the unit primary frequency modulation functioneThe change is not changed;
s1113) when the monitoring shows that the unit is adjusted onceWhen the frequency function is in the input state, if the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is less than or equal to the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, the unit primary frequency modulation function is input into the identification position seIs set to 1;
s1120), when the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds a hydroelectric primary frequency modulation threshold value, if the real power value of the unit is within the regulation dead zone range of the set active power value, performing the following operations:
s1121) starting a calculation process of a theoretical integral quantity and an actual integral quantity of primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1122) recording the active power actual value of each unit at the current unit as a calculation reference value of the actual integral quantity;
s1123) recording the active power set value of each unit at the current unit as a reference value for judging whether the active power set value of each unit changes;
s1124) starting timer T3；
S1125) setting an identification position S that the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency exceeds the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold valueg，sgIs 0;
s1126) setting an identification bit S of which the primary frequency modulation actual action time exceeds a primary frequency modulation action time evaluation threshold valuet，stIs 0;
s1127) setting an identification bit S for the change of the set active power set valuec，scIs 1;
s1130) in each period of the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit, the method comprises the following operations:
s1131) calculating primary frequency modulation target power regulating quantity p of each unit respectivelyfSpaced from the cycle by a time tfObtaining the theoretical integral quantity of the cycle of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit in the cycle;
s1132) respectively sending out the real active power value p of each unit in the current periodsSubtracting the actual integral quantity calculation reference value, and calculating the interval time t between the calculation and the periodfThe product of (a) and (b),obtaining the actual integral quantity of the cycle of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit of the cycle;
s1133) comparing the absolute value of the difference value between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency with the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, and when the absolute value is greater than or equal to the primary frequency modulation frequency deviation evaluation threshold value, identifying the position SgSet to 1, otherwise remain unchanged;
s1134) comparison timer T3Evaluating the threshold value with the primary frequency modulation action time, and when the former is greater than or equal to the latter, marking the position stSet to 1, otherwise remain unchanged;
s1135) monitoring the set value of the active power of each unit, and comparing the set value with a reference value for judging whether the set value of the active power of each unit changes; for the unit with the changed set value of the active power of the unit, the identification position s of the changed set value of the active power of the unitcSet to 0, otherwise remain unchanged;
s1140) when the absolute value of the difference between the power grid frequency and the rated frequency is changed from being larger than the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value to being smaller than or equal to the hydropower primary frequency modulation threshold value, the following operations are carried out:
s1141) respectively accumulating the period theoretical integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the theoretical integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1142) respectively accumulating the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation regulation period obtained in each period after the primary frequency modulation of each unit is started, and then multiplying the accumulated result by the identification bit SgX identification bit stX identification bit scX identification bit seObtaining the actual integral quantity of the current primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit;
s1143) finishing the calculation process of the theoretical integral quantity and the actual integral quantity of the primary frequency modulation adjustment of each unit.
3. The self-diagnosis-based adaptive switching method of primary frequency modulation adjustment parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that according to the self-diagnosis result, the upper computer of the monitoring system issues an alarm of primary frequency modulation dysfunction under the following conditions:
if A < -lambda1If the integral proportion of the obtained latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is less than 0, keeping the current adjustment parameter unchanged, and sending out an alarm of primary frequency modulation function abnormality;
if A < -lambda1And the integral proportion of the obtained latest unit primary frequency modulation adjustment is more than or equal to 0, and the current adjustment parameters are sequenced in each group of adjustment parameters to be selected at last, and then an alarm of primary frequency modulation function abnormity is sent out;
if A > λ1And the current adjusting parameter is ranked at the top in each group of adjusting parameters to be selected, and an alarm of abnormal primary frequency modulation function is sent out.
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