CN114188710A - Ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna, which comprises a rectangular dielectric substrate, antenna patch layers, a terminal loading resistor, a micro-strip feeder and a feed port, wherein the antenna patch layers are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the antenna patch layer comprises an index-shaped radiation patch, an isosceles right triangle-shaped parasitic open-circuit patch and an isosceles triangle-shaped leading patch, and the arrangement position of the lower antenna patch layer is symmetrical to that of the upper antenna patch layer; one end of the terminal loading resistor is connected with the radiation patch, and the other end of the terminal loading resistor is connected with the parasitic open-circuit patch; the microstrip feeder line is directly connected with the upper radiation patch. The ultra-wideband miniaturized extension Vivaldi antenna has the advantages of small size, very wide bandwidth, good directivity and bilateral symmetry of a directional diagram, and has good engineering use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna.
Background
With the continuous development of the fields of current communication, detection and the like, the requirement on the ultra-wideband antenna is higher and higher, the antenna is required to cover a low frequency band and simultaneously consider miniaturization, and the design difficulty is larger.
The classical Vivaldi antenna is formed by attaching a slot line which is gradually expanded according to an exponential law to a dielectric substrate. It is easy to planarize and integrate, and has the advantages of extremely wide frequency bandwidth, high gain, high directivity, good time domain characteristics, etc.
Most of the existing opposite extension Vivaldi antennas work in a UWB (3-12GHz) frequency band, low frequency is not covered, and the size of the antenna is very large. In addition, the existing opposite-extension Vivaldi antenna has the problem of asymmetry of an E-plane directional diagram, and the E-plane directional diagram of the antenna is deviated due to the fact that the structure of the antenna is asymmetric and an electric field between gaps forms an angle with a horizontal plane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite extension Vivaldi antenna comprises a rectangular dielectric substrate, an antenna patch upper layer attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, an antenna patch lower layer attached to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a terminal loading resistor, a microstrip feeder attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and a feed port;
the terminal loading resistor comprises an upper layer terminal loading resistor and a lower layer terminal loading resistor;
the upper layer of the antenna patch comprises an exponential-shaped upper radiation patch, an isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch and an isosceles triangle-shaped upper leading patch; the index-shaped upper radiation patch and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch are positioned on the same side of the dielectric substrate, the tail end of the index-shaped upper radiation patch is connected to the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch after passing through an upper layer terminal loading resistor, and the isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches are symmetrical left and right around a vertical central axis;
the lower layer of the antenna patch comprises an exponential lower radiation patch, an isosceles right triangle lower parasitic open-circuit patch and an isosceles triangle lower leading patch; the projections of the index-shaped lower radiation patch and the isosceles right triangle-shaped lower parasitic open-circuit patch on the upper layer of the rectangular medium substrate are bilaterally symmetrical with the index-shaped upper radiation patch and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch around a vertical central axis, and the isosceles triangle-shaped lower lead patches and the corresponding isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches are consistent in position and are distributed on an upper layer and a lower layer; one end of the lower terminal loading resistor is connected with the exponential lower radiation patch, and the other end of the lower terminal loading resistor is connected with the isosceles right triangle lower parasitic open-circuit patch;
one end of the microstrip feeder line is connected with the exponential-shaped upper radiation patch, and the other end of the microstrip feeder line is connected with the feed port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the bandwidth is very wide, exceeds five octaves, and covers low frequency; by the technologies of loading resistors, adopting an isosceles right-angle triangular open-circuit parasitic patch and the like, the low-frequency end current is absorbed, resonance points are increased, and the bandwidth is expanded; (2) the size is small enough, and the whole antenna size is only 57mm x 50 mm; (3) the dielectric plate is easy to obtain, the antenna has simple structure and is simple and convenient to process; (4) the problem of asymmetry of an E-plane directional diagram is solved through the asymmetric microstrip line side feed, the directivity is good, and the gain is moderate.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband miniaturized diagonal Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of return loss simulation and actual measurement results of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing simulation and actual measurement results of E-plane directional diagrams (left) and H-plane directional diagrams (right) of an example of the present invention at a frequency of 1 GHz.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing simulation and actual measurement results of E-plane directional diagrams (left) and H-plane directional diagrams (right) of an example of the present invention at a frequency of 3 GHz.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing simulation and actual measurement results of E-plane directional patterns (left) and H-plane directional patterns (right) of an example of the present invention at a frequency of 5 GHz.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an ultra-wideband miniaturized butt-extension Vivaldi antenna includes a rectangular dielectric substrate 1, an antenna patch upper layer 2 attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, an antenna patch lower layer 3 attached to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a terminal loading resistor 4, a microstrip feeder 5 attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a feed port 6;
the terminal loading resistor 4 comprises an upper terminal loading resistor 41 and a lower terminal loading resistor 42;
the antenna patch upper layer 2 comprises an exponential-shaped upper radiation patch 21, an isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch 22 and an isosceles triangle-shaped upper direction-leading patch 23; the exponential-shaped upper radiation patch 21 and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch 22 are positioned on the same side of the dielectric substrate, the tail end of the exponential-shaped upper radiation patch 21 is connected to the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch 22 through the upper terminal loading resistor 41, and the isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches 23 are symmetrical left and right around a vertical central axis;
the composite exponential curve of the exponential upper radiation patch 21 takes e as a constant base, and the expression is as follows: y ═ c1*eRZ+c2；c1、c2Is constant, depending on the antenna length and the width of the opening; y, Z are respectively the ordinate and abscissa, and R is the curvature.
The antenna patch lower layer 3 includes an exponential-shaped lower radiation patch 31, an isosceles right triangle-shaped lower parasitic open-circuit patch 32, and an isosceles triangle-shaped lower director patch 33; the projections of the index-shaped lower radiation patches 31 and the isosceles right triangle-shaped lower parasitic open-circuit patches 32 on the upper layer of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 are bilaterally symmetrical with the index-shaped upper radiation patches 21 and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patches 22 about a vertical central axis, and the isosceles triangle-shaped lower lead patches 33 are consistent with the corresponding isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches 23 in position and are distributed on the upper layer and the lower layer; one end of the lower terminal loading resistor 42 is connected with the exponential lower radiation patch 31, and the other end is connected with the isosceles right triangle lower parasitic open-circuit patch 32;
one end of the microstrip feeder line 5 is connected with the exponential-shaped upper radiation patch 21, and the other end is connected with the feed port 6.
Further, the isosceles triangle upward-directing patch 23 and the isosceles triangle downward-directing patch 33 are acute-angled isosceles triangle patches.
Further, the bottom edge of the isosceles triangle upwards leading patch 23 is flush with one edge of the rectangular medium substrate 1; one of the base angles of the parasitic open patch 22 in the isosceles right triangle shape is in the same straight line as the base of the parasitic open patch 23 in the isosceles triangle shape.
Further, the length of the height of the patches 23 introduced into the isosceles triangle shape is greater than the length of the right-angle side of the parasitic open patch 22 in the isosceles triangle shape.
Further, the distance between two bottom corners of the isosceles triangle leading to the patch 23 and two side edges of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is smaller than the length of the right-angle edge of the parasitic open-circuit patch 22 in the isosceles right triangle.
Further, the isosceles triangle shape is directed upward toward the patch 23, and the isosceles triangle shape is directed downward toward the patch 33 with a bottom side of 24mm in length and a height of 25 mm.
Further, the length of the right angle side of the parasitic open patch 22 in the isosceles right triangle shape and the parasitic open patch 32 in the isosceles right triangle shape is 20 mm.
Further, the resistance value of the terminal loading resistor 4 is 100 Ω.
Further, the feed port 6 is a 50 ohm SMA connector.
Further, the dielectric substrate 1 is an FR4 plate material, and has a length of 57mm, a width of 50mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm; the relative dielectric constant was 4.4 and the loss tangent was 0.02.
The ultra-wideband miniaturized extension Vivaldi antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the working bandwidth of the antenna is widened to be more than five octaves, the working bandwidth is 0.89-5.02GHz, and the size of the antenna is smaller through the technologies of resistance loading, isosceles right triangle parasitic open-circuit paster, isosceles triangle leading paster and the like. Meanwhile, the problem of asymmetry of E-plane directional patterns of extension Vivaldi antennas is solved by using asymmetric microstrip line side feed.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples
The specific dimensions of each unit in the examples are as follows:
width of upper and lower radiation patch opening: 34 mm;
length of upper and lower radiation patches 21, 31: 35.2 mm;
the length of the right angle of the upper parasitic patch 22 and the lower parasitic patch 32 is as follows: 20 mm;
up and down to the bottom side length of the patch 23, 33: 24mm, high: 25 mm;
loading resistance values of the upper terminal and the lower terminal: 100 ohms;
The simulation and actual measurement results are shown in fig. 2-5, respectively. FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of the return loss simulation and the actual measurement results, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the antenna works at 0.89-5.02GHz, the frequency bandwidth is greater than five octaves, and the impedance matching is good; fig. 3-5 show the simulation and actual measurement results of the E-plane directional diagram (left) and the H-plane directional diagram (right) at frequencies of 1GHz, 3GHz, and 5GHz, respectively, and it can be seen that, at three frequencies, the maximum radiation direction of the E-plane directional diagram of the antenna is basically about 0 ° in θ, the directional diagrams are symmetric left and right, the directivity is good, and the gain is moderate; the H-plane pattern is approximately omnidirectional with little variation at high frequencies. The simulation result is basically consistent with the actual measurement result.
In summary, the ultra-wideband miniaturized extension Vivaldi antenna provided by the invention effectively improves the impedance matching of the antenna, greatly expands the bandwidth of the antenna, covers low frequency, greatly reduces the volume of the antenna, and improves the problem of asymmetry of an E-plane directional pattern of the extension Vivaldi antenna by loading a resistor at a terminal, adopting an open-circuit parasitic patch in an isosceles right triangle shape, leading the isosceles triangle shape to the patch, feeding the asymmetric microstrip line and the like. Has high engineering use value.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those modifications and equivalents of the claims are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband miniaturized butt-extension Vivaldi antenna is characterized by comprising a rectangular dielectric substrate (1), an antenna patch upper layer (2) attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1), an antenna patch lower layer (3) attached to the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, a terminal loading resistor (4), a microstrip feeder line (5) attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1) and a feed port (6);
the terminal loading resistor (4) comprises an upper layer terminal loading resistor (41) and a lower layer terminal loading resistor (42);
the antenna patch upper layer (2) comprises an exponential-shaped upper radiation patch (21), an isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch (22) and an isosceles triangle-shaped upper direction-leading patch (23); the index-shaped upper radiation patch (21) and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch (22) are positioned on the same side of the dielectric substrate, the tail end of the index-shaped upper radiation patch (21) is connected to the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch (22) through an upper-layer terminal loading resistor (41), and the isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches (23) are bilaterally symmetrical about a vertical central axis;
the antenna patch lower layer (3) comprises an exponential lower radiation patch (31), an isosceles right triangle lower parasitic open-circuit patch (32) and an isosceles triangle lower guide patch (33); the projections of the index-shaped lower radiation patch (31) and the isosceles right triangle-shaped lower parasitic open-circuit patch (32) on the upper layer of the rectangular medium substrate (1) are bilaterally symmetrical with the index-shaped upper radiation patch (21) and the isosceles right triangle-shaped upper parasitic open-circuit patch (22) about a vertical central axis, and the isosceles triangle-shaped lower lead patches (33) are consistent with the positions of the corresponding isosceles triangle-shaped upper lead patches (23) and are distributed on the upper layer and the lower layer; one end of the lower terminal loading resistor (42) is connected with the exponential lower radiation patch (31), and the other end of the lower terminal loading resistor is connected with the isosceles right triangle lower parasitic open-circuit patch (32);
one end of the microstrip feeder line (5) is connected with the exponential-shaped upper radiation patch (21), and the other end of the microstrip feeder line is connected with the feed port (6).
2. Ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said isosceles triangular up-directing patch (23) and isosceles triangular down-directing patch (33) are both acute isosceles triangular patches.
3. The ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the isosceles triangle shape is such that the bottom edge of the director patch (23) is flush with one side of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1); one of the base angles of the parasitic open-circuit patches (22) in the isosceles right triangle shape and the base edge of the parasitic open-circuit patch (23) in the isosceles triangle shape are positioned on the same straight line.
4. An ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the height of the lead-to patch (23) on the isosceles triangle is greater than the length of the right-angled side of the parasitic open patch (22) on the isosceles triangle.
5. An ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance of the two base angles of the isosceles triangle leading to the patch (23) from the two sides of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1) is smaller than the length of the right-angled side of the parasitic open patch (22) on the isosceles triangle.
6. Ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the isosceles triangle up-lead patch (23) and the isosceles triangle down-lead patch (33) have a base length of 24mm and a height of 25 mm.
7. An ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that the right-angle side length of the parasitic open patch (22) in the shape of an isosceles right triangle, the parasitic open patch (32) in the shape of an isosceles right triangle is 20 mm.
8. An ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said terminal loading resistor (4) has a resistance of 100 Ω.
9. An ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said feeding port (6) is a 50 ohm SMA joint.
10. The ultra-wideband miniaturized antipodal Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said dielectric substrate (1) is a FR4 board, with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111456693.1A CN114188710B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite-rubbing Vivaldi antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111456693.1A CN114188710B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Ultra-wideband miniaturized opposite-rubbing Vivaldi antenna |
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| CN114188710A true CN114188710A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114188710B CN114188710B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120100035A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-12 | 국방과학연구소 | Ultra wide band antenna using a parasitic element to enhance radiation pattern and gain |
| CN106025538A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 中国人民武装警察部队工程大学 | Small side-feed antipodal Vivaldi antenna with resistor loading |
| KR101778595B1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-14 | 알에프코어 주식회사 | Vivaldi antenna apparatus |
| CN109616758A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-12 | 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 | A kind of miniature ultra wide band dual polarization probe antenna for Planar Near-Field Measurement |
-
2021
- 2021-12-01 CN CN202111456693.1A patent/CN114188710B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120100035A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-12 | 국방과학연구소 | Ultra wide band antenna using a parasitic element to enhance radiation pattern and gain |
| CN106025538A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 中国人民武装警察部队工程大学 | Small side-feed antipodal Vivaldi antenna with resistor loading |
| KR101778595B1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-14 | 알에프코어 주식회사 | Vivaldi antenna apparatus |
| CN109616758A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-12 | 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 | A kind of miniature ultra wide band dual polarization probe antenna for Planar Near-Field Measurement |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| AHMED S. I. AMAR等: "High Gain Low Cost Vivaldi Antenna Design Using Double Slits and Triangle Metallic Strip for WiFi Applications", 《2019 15TH INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (ICENCO)》, 9 March 2020 (2020-03-09) * |
| HAIBO TAN等: "Design of A Side-feeding Resistance-loaded Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna", 《PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING (ICCSEE 2013)》, 31 March 2013 (2013-03-31) * |
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