CN114184855A - Space charge measuring device and method based on long-optical-path liquid pool - Google Patents
Space charge measuring device and method based on long-optical-path liquid pool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114184855A CN114184855A CN202111365260.5A CN202111365260A CN114184855A CN 114184855 A CN114184855 A CN 114184855A CN 202111365260 A CN202111365260 A CN 202111365260A CN 114184855 A CN114184855 A CN 114184855A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a space charge measuring device based on a long-optical-path liquid pool, which comprises: the laser generator, the polarizer, the beam expander, the long-optical-path liquid pool, the analyzer and the photoelectric detection device are sequentially arranged on the light path; the long-optical-path liquid pool comprises a reflection module and an electrode module which are immersed in a transparent liquid dielectric medium, the reflection module comprises three concave spherical reflectors with the same curvature radius and a plane reflector, and the electrode module comprises an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate which are arranged in parallel; when the transient voltage is applied, the laser is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, and the laser after multiple reflections is emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool and is received by the photoelectric detection device so as to reversely deduce the space charge space-time distribution of the gap of the electrode module under the impact of the transient voltage according to the received light intensity information. The invention can realize high-precision measurement of space charge of the liquid dielectric medium with low Kerr constant under an electric field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space charge measurement, in particular to a space charge measurement device and method based on a long-optical-path liquid pool.
Background
At present, the methods for measuring space charge in a medium mainly include a probe method, a Kerr electro-optic effect method, an acoustoelectric pulse method, a thermal stimulation current method and the like. Although the probe method can measure space charge in the liquid dielectric medium, the probe itself is metal, and the distribution of the original electric field is changed when the probe is placed in the liquid dielectric medium, so that the measurement error is large. The acoustoelectric pulse method is generally applicable to the measurement of space charge of solid dielectrics. The thermal stimulation current method can measure the trap quantity of the space charges in the dielectric medium and the depth of the space charges. The Kerr electro-optic effect method has the advantages of no electromagnetic interference, high measurement accuracy, short response time and the like, but the Kerr effect is not significant for liquid dielectrics with low Kerr constants such as transformer oil, so that the measurement accuracy is not high and the error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a space charge measuring apparatus and method based on a long optical path liquid cell, which can realize high-precision measurement of space charge of a liquid dielectric with a low Kerr constant under an electric field.
The embodiment of the invention provides a space charge measuring device based on a long-optical-path liquid pool, which comprises:
the laser generator, the polarizer, the beam expander, the long-optical-path liquid pool, the analyzer and the photoelectric detection device are sequentially arranged on the light path;
the long-optical-path liquid pool comprises a reflection module and an electrode module, wherein the reflection module and the electrode module are immersed in a transparent liquid dielectric medium, the reflection module comprises three concave spherical reflectors with the same curvature radius and a plane reflector, the electrode module comprises an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate which are arranged in parallel, and a plane formed by reflected light of laser reflected for multiple times in the reflection module is parallel to a plane where the upper electrode plate is located and a plane where the lower electrode plate is located;
when transient voltage is applied to the impulse voltage generator, the laser which is horizontally incident is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, the laser which is reflected for multiple times is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool and is received by the photoelectric detection device, and space-time distribution of space charges of the gap of the electrode module under the impact of the transient voltage is reversely deduced according to the received light intensity information.
As a further improvement of the invention, one concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber among the three concave spherical reflectors and the plane reflector are arranged on one side, and the other two concave spherical reflectors have the same caliber and are arranged on the other side;
the centers of the three lenses of the concave spherical reflector are at the same height, and the height of the laser is at the same height as the centers of the three lenses of the concave spherical reflector.
As a further improvement of the invention, two concave spherical reflectors with the same caliber are symmetrically arranged relative to the curvature center of one concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, and three concave spherical reflectors form a conjugate system;
the reflecting module is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal direction, so that when laser is horizontally incident into the long-optical-path liquid pool, a first light spot falls on the center of the concave spherical reflecting mirror, close to the top of the long-optical-path liquid pool, of the two concave spherical reflecting mirrors with the same caliber;
and the laser is reflected for multiple times in the three concave spherical reflectors until the last light spot falls outside the edge of the concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, and the laser is horizontally emitted out of the long-optical-path liquid pool by the plane reflector.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the laser is reflected in the reflection module, the included angles between the incident direction of the laser and the normal directions of the three concave spherical reflectors are all less than 5 degrees.
As a further improvement of the invention, the number of times the laser is reflected in the long-path liquid pool is even.
As a further improvement of the invention, the polarizer and the analyzer are both composed of calcite, and the extinction ratio is 10000: 1;
the included angles between the polarizer and the analyzer and the direction of the applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively, so that the Kerr effect is generated when the generated polarized light horizontally passes through the gap of the electrode module.
As a further improvement of the invention, two side surfaces of the long-optical-path liquid pool, which are positioned on the optical path, are made of high-light-transmission optical glass;
the inner side of the long-optical-path liquid pool is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material with a certain thickness to form an insulating layer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the photo-detection device is composed of a plurality of photo-detectors arranged at equal intervals, and each photo-detector corresponds to one output channel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the transparent liquid dielectric is transformer oil, pure water or propylene carbonate.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a measuring method of the space charge measuring device based on the long-optical-path liquid pool, which comprises the following steps:
adjusting a light path to enable the laser generator, the polarizer, the beam expander, the analyzer and the photoelectric detection device to be on a horizontal line, wherein included angles between the polarizer and the analyzer and the direction of an applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively;
the impulse voltage generator applies transient voltage, the laser which is horizontally incident is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, and the laser which is reflected for multiple times is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool and is received by the photoelectric detection device;
and reversely deducing space charge space-time distribution of the gaps of the electrode modules under transient voltage impact according to the light intensity information received by the photoelectric detection device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the long-optical-path liquid pool, polarized light can be reflected for multiple times in the long-optical-path liquid pool, the optical path of laser in the transparent liquid dielectric medium is doubled in a limited space, the optical phase difference of the liquid dielectric medium (such as transformer oil) with a low Kerr constant is increased, the problem that the change of light intensity is not obvious due to the fact that the Kerr constant of the liquid dielectric medium is low is solved, and the number of light and dark stripes generated by the laser under an electric field can be greatly increased;
the adopted measuring light path is positioned outside the long-light-path liquid pool, is a non-intervention observation means, and performs signal collection through an optical element, thereby realizing non-contact measurement, having no electromagnetic interference, greatly improving the measurement precision of space charge, and having higher sensitivity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a space charge measurement device based on a long-optical-path liquid pool according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflection module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
1. a laser generator; 2. a polarizer; 3. a beam expander; 4. a long optical path liquid pool; 5. an analyzer; 6. a photodetection device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms used are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used to specify the presence of stated elements, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements, steps, operations, and/or components. The terms "first," "second," and the like may be used to describe various elements, not necessarily order, and not necessarily limit the elements. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. These and/or other aspects will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the following drawings, and the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be more readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the described embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated in the present application may be employed without departing from the principles described in the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a space charge measuring device based on a long-optical-path liquid pool according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the laser generator 1, the polarizer 2, the beam expander 3, the long-optical-path liquid pool 4, the analyzer 5 and the photoelectric detection device 6 are sequentially arranged on the light path;
the long optical path liquid pool 4 comprises a reflection module and an electrode module which are immersed in a transparent liquid dielectric medium, wherein the reflection module comprises three concave spherical reflectors with the same curvature radius and a plane reflector, the electrode module comprises an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate which are arranged in parallel, and a plane formed by reflected light of laser reflected for multiple times in the reflection module is parallel to a plane where the upper electrode plate is located and a plane where the lower electrode plate is located;
when the transient voltage is applied to the impulse voltage generator, the laser which is horizontally incident is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module (namely, the gap between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate), and the laser which is reflected for multiple times is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool 4 and is received by the photoelectric detection device 6, so that the space-time distribution of space charges in the gap of the electrode module under the impact of the transient voltage is reversely deduced according to the received light intensity information.
The device disclosed by the invention utilizes the Kerr effect principle to measure the change of light intensity through the photoelectric detection device 6, so that the space-time distribution of space charges of the gap of the electrode module under the impact of transient voltage is reversely deduced. Through the long-optical-path liquid pool, polarized light can be reflected for multiple times in the long-optical-path liquid pool, the optical path of laser in the transparent liquid dielectric medium is doubled in a limited space, and the optical phase difference of the liquid dielectric medium (such as transformer oil) with a low Kerr constant is increased. The plane formed by the reflected light of the laser reflected for multiple times in the reflection module is parallel to the plane where the upper electrode plate is located and the plane where the lower electrode plate is located, so that the continuous multiple reflection of the laser in the long-optical-path liquid pool can be ensured, and the Kerr effect can be generated. Compare with traditional Kerr box, solved and lead to the obscure problem of light intensity change because of liquid electrolyte Kerr constant is lower, the light and shade stripe quantity that can greatly increased laser produced under the electric field, the measuring light path that the device adopted is located outside long optical path liquid cell, is non-intervention observation means, carries out signal collection through optical element, has realized non-contact's measurement, and no electromagnetic interference can promote space charge's measurement accuracy by a wide margin, and sensitivity is higher.
Wherein, the laser generator 1 adopts a He-Ne laser generator, for example, and provides linearly polarized light with the wavelength of 633nm and the spot diameter of 0.7mm, and the light source has stable output intensity and better linearity. The beam expander 3 can expand the spot diameter by 3-5 times. Linearly polarized light emitted by the laser generator 1 sequentially passes through the polarizer 2, the beam expander 3, the long-optical-path liquid pool 4 and the analyzer 5, and finally light intensity information is received by the photoelectric detection device 6.
When the space charge space-time distribution of the gaps of the electrode modules under the transient voltage impact is reversely deduced according to the received light intensity information, the reverse calculation formula is as follows:
wherein I represents the intensity of light emitted from the analyzer 5, I0Representing the intensity of light, theta, input by the polariser 21Represents the angle between the polarizer 2 and the electric field lines (the electric field is formed when a transient voltage is applied), θ2Denotes the angle between the analyzer 5 and the electric field lines, EmIs a characteristic electric field, Em＝(2BL)-1/2And ρ represents the charge density in units of C/m3，ε0And εrRespectively, the vacuum dielectric constant and the relative dielectric constant.
Power transformers are the core of energy conversion in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. The insulating oil is used as an important component of the transformer, and the excellent insulating property of the insulating oil is the premise and guarantee for the stable operation of main equipment such as the transformer and the like. The migration, recombination, adhesion and dissipation processes of space charges in a liquid medium influence and restrict the electric strength of the transformer oil paper insulating material, and the space charges are important factors causing aging and damage of the transformer oil paper insulating material.
The device is suitable for transformer oil, and can be used for transparent media such as pure water and propylene carbonate to realize space charge detection under the liquid dielectrics with low Kerr constant.
In an alternative embodiment, the polarizer 2 and the analyzer 5 are both made of calcite, and the extinction ratio is 10000: the extinction ratio is set so that the polarized light generated by the polarizer 2 has a high degree of polarization.
The included angles between the polarizer 2 and the analyzer 5 and the direction of the applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively, so that the Kerr effect is generated when the generated polarized light horizontally passes through the gap of the electrode module.
In the light path of the device, a laser generator 1, a polarizer 2, a beam expander 3, an analyzer 5 and a photoelectric detection device 6 are on the same horizontal line. The polarizing direction of the polarizer 2 is 45 ° to the electric field direction, and if the polarizing direction is parallel to the analyzing direction, it is called parallel polarization (AP), and if the polarizing direction is perpendicular to the analyzing direction, it is called vertical polarization (CP). It should be noted that the height of the laser in the optical path is consistent with the height of the center of the concave spherical mirror in the long-optical-path liquid pool 4.
The electrode module adopts two electrode plates which are arranged in parallel up and down, namely an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate respectively, the peripheries of the two electrode plates are rounded so as to reduce the edge effect of an electric field, a gap is formed between the two electrode plates, and polarized light can generate the Kerr effect when passing through the gap between the two electrode plates. The multiple reflectors need to be arranged in a matched mode, and the reflecting structures formed by the multiple reflectors are parallel to the two electrode plates. The formed reflecting structure can enable the laser to be reflected for multiple times in the same plane of the reflecting structure, and the optical path of the laser in the liquid dielectric medium can be increased by forming the reflecting structure through simple optical elements.
The transient voltage can be applied by a surge voltage generator, the upper electrode is connected to the surge voltage generator, and the lower electrode is connected to ground, for example, 1.2/50 μ s of lightning wave or 250/2500 μ s of operating wave is applied.
In an optional implementation manner, one concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber among the three concave spherical reflectors and the planar reflector are arranged on one side, and the other two concave spherical reflectors have the same caliber and are arranged on the other side;
the centers of the three concave spherical reflectors are positioned at the same height, so that when laser is horizontally incident to one of the other two concave spherical reflectors and is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module, the plane formed by the reflected light is parallel to the plane where the upper electrode plate is positioned and the plane where the lower electrode plate is positioned;
the height of the laser is the same as the centers of the three lenses of the concave spherical reflector, so that when the laser is incident to the gap between the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate, the plane formed by the reflected light is parallel to the plane where the upper electrode plate is located and the plane where the lower electrode plate is located.
As shown in fig. 2, the reflection module includes three concave spherical mirrors (M1, M2, M3) having the same radius of curvature and one flat mirror (M4). M1, M2, M3 and M4 are located in the same plane and completely immersed in the liquid dielectric medium, and the centers of the lenses of M1, M2 and M3 are at the same height (i.e., the same plane). Wherein, M1 is the concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, M2 and M3 are two concave spherical reflectors with the same caliber, M1 and M4 are arranged on one side, and M2 and M3 are arranged on the other side. When the laser horizontally enters the long-optical-path liquid pool 4, the laser firstly enters the M2 and is reflected for multiple times in the three concave spherical reflectors, and finally the laser is emitted from the M4, and the plane formed by the reflected light reflected for multiple times is parallel to the planes of the two electrode plates. In addition, the laser light is incident into the gap between the two electrode plates during the reflection process, and in this case, the plane formed by the reflected light is also parallel to the planes of the two electrode plates.
The reflecting structure can increase the optical path to ten times of the original optical path, solves the problem of unobvious light intensity change caused by low Kerr constant of the liquid dielectric medium, and can greatly increase the number of light and dark stripes generated by laser under an electric field.
In an optional embodiment, two concave spherical reflectors with the same caliber are symmetrically arranged relative to the curvature center of one concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, and three concave spherical reflectors form a conjugate system;
the reflecting module is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal direction, so that when laser is horizontally incident into the long-optical-path liquid pool, a first light spot falls on the center of the concave spherical reflecting mirror, close to the top of the long-optical-path liquid pool, of the two concave spherical reflecting mirrors with the same caliber;
and the laser is reflected for multiple times in the three concave spherical reflectors until the last light spot falls outside the edge of the concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, and the laser is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool by the plane reflector.
As shown in fig. 2, M2 and M3 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the curvature center of M1, so that M1, M2 and M3 form a conjugate system, the deviation of the optical centers of the concave spherical mirrors is corrected, the energy attenuation of the laser light in the reflection module is reduced, the reflection module (including M1, M2, M3 and M4) is integrally arranged obliquely, the reflection module can be rotated by a small angle (for example, rotated by 2.862 ° counterclockwise) with respect to the horizontal direction, when the laser light is horizontally incident into the long-optical-path liquid pool 4, the first light spot falls at the center of M2, the light intensity loss and the phase deviation caused by the reflection of the laser light on each concave spherical mirror can be reduced without additionally adding optical lenses, the parameters of the reflection module are adjusted to the optimal state, and the measurement accuracy of the device is correspondingly improved.
In an optional embodiment, when the laser is reflected in the reflection module, angles between an incident direction of the laser and normal directions of the three concave spherical mirrors are all less than 5 °.
The reflecting module in the long-optical-path liquid pool 4 has a very small inclination angle when being placed, and the influence of multiple reflections on the polarization state of laser can be effectively prevented by adopting a small-angle incidence mode. For the reflection module in fig. 2, the included angles between the incident directions of all the laser beams and the normal direction of the concave spherical reflector in the reflection process are all smaller than 5 °, so that the reflection of the laser beams has little influence on the amplitude of the polarization state, and the error caused by the reflection of the laser beams is smaller than one in a thousand.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of times the laser light is reflected in the long path liquid cell 4 is even.
The long optical path liquid pool 4 provided by the invention can generate small-angle reflection in the reflection process through multiple reflections when the optical path is improved, and the reflection structure of the reflection module is designed, so that the reflection times of laser in the long optical path liquid pool 4 are ensured to be even, and the problem of half wave loss caused by small-angle reflection of the laser can be solved.
In an alternative embodiment, both sides of the long optical path liquid pool 4 on the optical path are made of high light-transmitting optical glass, and the inner side of the long optical path liquid pool 4 is made of teflon with a certain thickness (for example, 0.5cm) to form an insulating layer.
It will be appreciated that the long path liquid cell 4 is used to contain a liquid dielectric medium which is transparent and facilitates light propagation, and the two sides are designed to be made of highly transparent optical glass to facilitate light propagation and improve measurement accuracy.
In an alternative embodiment, the photo-detecting device 6 is composed of a plurality of photo-detectors arranged at equal intervals, for example, 10 photo-detectors arranged at equal intervals, and the time variation of the light intensity can be maximally recorded by the array form. Each of the photodetectors corresponds to one output channel, and the output light intensity information (light intensity variation waveform) or photoelectric information can be recorded by a multi-channel oscilloscope (such as a four-channel oscilloscope).
The space charge measurement based on the long-optical-path liquid pool in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the apparatus described in the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again, and the method includes:
adjusting a light path to enable the laser generator 1, the polarizer 2, the beam expander 3, the analyzer 5 and the photoelectric detection device 6 to be on a horizontal line, wherein included angles between the polarizer 2 and the analyzer 5 and the direction of an applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively;
the impulse voltage generator applies transient voltage, the horizontally incident polarized light is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, and the laser after multiple reflections is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool 4 and is received by the photoelectric detection device 6;
and reversely deducing space charge space-time distribution of the gaps of the electrode modules under transient voltage impact according to the light intensity information received by the photoelectric detection device 6.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that while the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A space charge measurement device based on a long optical path liquid cell, the device comprising:
the laser generator, the polarizer, the beam expander, the long-optical-path liquid pool, the analyzer and the photoelectric detection device are sequentially arranged on the light path;
the long-optical-path liquid pool comprises a reflection module and an electrode module, wherein the reflection module and the electrode module are immersed in a transparent liquid dielectric medium, the reflection module comprises three concave spherical reflectors with the same curvature radius and a plane reflector, the electrode module comprises an upper electrode plate and a lower electrode plate which are arranged in parallel, and a plane formed by reflected light of laser reflected for multiple times in the reflection module is parallel to a plane where the upper electrode plate is located and a plane where the lower electrode plate is located;
when transient voltage is applied to the impulse voltage generator, the laser which is horizontally incident is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, the laser which is reflected for multiple times is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool and is received by the photoelectric detection device, and space-time distribution of space charges of the gap of the electrode module under the impact of the transient voltage is reversely deduced according to the received light intensity information.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein one concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber among the three concave spherical reflectors and the planar reflector are arranged on one side, and the other two concave spherical reflectors have the same caliber and are arranged on the other side;
the centers of the three lenses of the concave spherical reflector are at the same height, and the height of the laser is at the same height as the centers of the three lenses of the concave spherical reflector.
3. The device of claim 2, wherein two concave spherical mirrors with the same aperture are symmetrically arranged relative to the curvature center of one concave spherical mirror with the largest aperture, and three concave spherical mirrors form a conjugate system;
the reflecting module is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal direction, so that when laser is horizontally incident into the long-optical-path liquid pool, a first light spot falls on the center of the concave spherical reflecting mirror, close to the top of the long-optical-path liquid pool, of the two concave spherical reflecting mirrors with the same caliber;
and the laser is reflected for multiple times in the three concave spherical reflectors until the last light spot falls outside the edge of the concave spherical reflector with the largest caliber, and the laser is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool by the plane reflector.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein when the laser light is reflected in the reflection module, the incident direction of the laser light and the normal direction of the three concave spherical mirrors form an angle smaller than 5 °.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the laser light is reflected an even number of times in the long path liquid cell.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the polarizer and the analyzer are each comprised of calcite, and the extinction ratio is 10000: 1;
the included angles between the polarizer and the analyzer and the direction of the applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively, so that the Kerr effect is generated when the generated polarized light horizontally passes through the gap of the electrode module.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein both sides of the long path liquid cell in the optical path are made of highly transparent optical glass;
the inner side of the long-optical-path liquid pool is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene material with a certain thickness to form an insulating layer.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the photo-detection means is comprised of a plurality of equally spaced photo-detectors, one output channel for each of the photo-detectors.
9. The device of claim 1, wherein the transparent liquid dielectric is transformer oil, pure water, or propylene carbonate.
10. A method of measuring a space charge measurement device based on a long optical path liquid pool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
adjusting a light path to enable the laser generator, the polarizer, the beam expander, the analyzer and the photoelectric detection device to be on a horizontal line, wherein included angles between the polarizer and the analyzer and the direction of an applied electric field are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively;
the impulse voltage generator applies transient voltage, the laser which is horizontally incident is reflected for multiple times in the reflection module and generates a Kerr effect when passing through the gap of the electrode module, and the laser which is reflected for multiple times is horizontally emitted to the outside of the long-optical-path liquid pool and is received by the photoelectric detection device;
and reversely deducing space charge space-time distribution of the gaps of the electrode modules under transient voltage impact according to the light intensity information received by the photoelectric detection device.
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