CN114184377B - Lubrication test method for main speed reducer of drive axle - Google Patents
Lubrication test method for main speed reducer of drive axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114184377B CN114184377B CN202111412932.3A CN202111412932A CN114184377B CN 114184377 B CN114184377 B CN 114184377B CN 202111412932 A CN202111412932 A CN 202111412932A CN 114184377 B CN114184377 B CN 114184377B
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lubrication test method of a main speed reducer of a drive axle, which relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing and comprises the following steps of using lubrication test equipment of the main speed reducer of the drive axle, wherein the test equipment is provided with a rack arranged on a truss, a front-back dip angle control mechanism is arranged on the truss, a motor and a vibration sensor are arranged on the rack, a base and a clamping plate for fixing the drive axle are arranged on the rack, and the front-back dip angle control mechanism, the motor and the vibration sensor are in signal connection with a computer control system; the test method is as follows: A. installing a drive axle; B. debugging equipment; C. starting the test; D. and evaluating the test result. Compared with the prior art, the invention can fully and accurately simulate the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the drive axle under the whole vehicle use condition, and the measured data result basically represents the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the sample drive axle on the whole vehicle, so that the lubrication problem of the main speed reducer of the drive axle can be found in advance, the problem can be solved in time, and the product quality can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a lubrication test method for a main speed reducer of a drive axle.
Background
A transaxle is a mechanism located at the end of a drive train that can vary the rotational speed and torque from the transmission and transmit them to the drive wheels, and is typically composed of a final drive, differential, wheel drive, and transaxle housing, etc. The main speed reducer is used for changing the transmission direction, reducing the rotating speed and increasing the torque, so that the automobile is ensured to have enough driving force and proper speed, and the working reliability and the service life of the main speed reducer are directly related to a good lubrication state. Whether the lubrication of the main speed reducer of the drive axle is good at present is judged mainly by the following aspects:in a static state, whether the lubricating oil is sufficient or not can be seen by opening the oil quantity detection hole of the driving axle housing, and when the lubricating oil level is equal to the level of the detection hole, the oil quantity is normal. />Under the operating condition, if the lubrication of the main speed reducer is insufficient, abrasion of a gear and a bearing of the main speed reducer can be caused, and abnormal noise exists. Therefore, in the product development process, the lubrication state of the main speed reducer of the drive axle under various limiting working conditions needs to be scientifically evaluated through a simulation test, and the evaluation standard is formulated when the product is designed: (1) When the total gradient is at the maximum (according to the design of the whole vehicle), the speed of the lubricating oil for lubricating the bearing is not more than 15km/h; (2) In the working area of the main cone bearing of the drive axle, the flow rate of the lubricating oil can reach 300-600 ml/min.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a lubrication test method for a main speed reducer of a drive axle, which is used for detecting the flow of lubricating oil in a working area of a main cone bearing of the drive axle by simulating the main speed reducer of the drive axle under the actual working condition of the whole vehicle.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the lubrication test method for the main speed reducer of the drive axle comprises the steps of using a lubrication test device for the main speed reducer of the drive axle, wherein the lubrication test device for the main speed reducer of the drive axle is provided with a rack arranged on a truss, a front-rear inclination angle control mechanism with an inclination angle sensor is arranged on the truss, and the front-rear inclination angle control mechanism is used for adjusting the front-rear inclination angle of the rack relative to a horizontal plane; the rack is provided with a motor, a vibration sensor, a base for fixing a drive axle and a clamping plate, wherein the motor is provided with a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor; the front-back dip angle control mechanism, the motor and the vibration sensor are in signal connection with a computer control system;
the test method is as follows:
A. and (3) installing a driving axle: an oil guide hole A of phi 12 is formed in the middle of a main cone assembly of a main speed reducer of a driving axle or an oil return passage of a bearing seat, the driving axle is placed on a base, a plate spring mounting position on the driving axle is used for fastening the driving axle and the base by using a clamping plate and a bolt, a motor is in transmission connection with the main speed reducer of the driving axle, and a vibration sensor is mounted on the driving axle;
B. debugging equipment: inputting the gradient of the driving axle along with the running of the vehicle by a computer control system, and then regulating the front and back inclination of the rack to a designated angle by a front and back inclination control mechanism, wherein an inclination sensor feeds back an angle signal; the rotating speed signal is input to the motor, the real-time signal is fed back through the rotating speed sensor and the torque sensor, and the vibration sensor receives the vibration signal in real time, so that overload protection is achieved; after debugging is completed, an oil guide pipe is arranged at the oil guide hole A;
C. starting the test: the load of the test is in an idle state, and the gradient working conditions of the test are set to be five, namely 0 gradient, 5% gradient, 10% gradient, 20% gradient and 30% gradient; under each gradient working condition, a motor drives a driving axle to run, so that the driving axle enters a vehicle-following running state, accelerates to 5km/h, then increases progressively according to 5km/h, and reaches a vehicle speed of 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, taking every 5km of speed per hour as a characteristic speed point, observing the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe to be stable when each characteristic speed point is reached, measuring the oil quantity flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly measuring the oil quantity for three times at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table; each characteristic speed point corresponds to one motor rotating speed, data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different rotating speeds are processed, and a rotating speed and flow relation diagram is drawn;
D. evaluation of test results: and comparing the test data with an evaluation standard, and evaluating the test result.
In the technical scheme of the lubrication test method for the main speed reducer of the drive axle, the more specific technical scheme can be as follows: the fore-aft tilt control mechanism has a first tilt adjuster and a second tilt adjuster on opposite sides of the truss.
Further, the base is provided with two supporting blocks which are arranged at intervals.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can fully and accurately simulate the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the driving axle under the whole vehicle working condition, the measured data result basically represents the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the driving axle on the whole vehicle, the lubrication problem of the main speed reducer of the driving axle can be found in advance, the problem of lubrication of the main speed reducer of the driving axle can be solved in time, the product quality is ensured, and the huge maintenance cost caused by the large-scale market investment in the later period is avoided, thereby seriously affecting the product quality.
2. The front-back dip angle control mechanism is provided with a first dip angle adjuster and a second dip angle adjuster which are positioned on two opposite sides of the truss; the first inclination angle adjuster and the second inclination angle adjuster work simultaneously, so that the bench is stable when being inclined forwards and backwards relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is accurate.
3. The base is provided with two supporting blocks which are arranged at intervals; the base has simple structure, convenient processing and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lubrication testing apparatus for a final drive of a drive axle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a driving axle placed on a base according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of rotational speed versus flow for a grade condition of 0 in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of rotational speed versus flow for a 5% grade condition in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of rotational speed versus flow for a 10% grade condition in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of rotational speed versus flow for a 20% grade condition in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of rotational speed versus flow for a 30% grade condition in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples of the drawings:
example 1
A lubrication testing apparatus for a main speed reducer of a drive axle, as shown in fig. 1, has a gantry 2 mounted on a truss 1, and the truss 1 is provided with a front-rear tilt angle control mechanism for adjusting the angle of front-rear tilting of the gantry 2 relative to a horizontal plane, the front-rear tilt angle control mechanism having a first tilt angle adjuster 3 and a second tilt angle adjuster 6 on opposite sides of the truss 1, the first tilt angle adjuster 3 and the second tilt angle adjuster 6 each having tilt angle sensors. The motor 5, the vibration sensor 9, the base 8 for fixing the drive axle 10 and the clamping plate 7 are arranged on the rack 2, and the base 8 is provided with two supporting blocks 8-1 which are arranged at intervals. The motor 5 is provided with a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor, and the inclination angle control mechanism, the motor 5 and the vibration sensor 9 are in signal connection with the computer control system 4.
A lubrication test method for a main speed reducer of a drive axle comprises the following steps of using a lubrication test device for the main speed reducer of the drive axle shown in fig. 1:
A. and (3) installing a driving axle: an oil guide hole A of phi 12 is formed in a main cone assembly of a main speed reducer of the driving axle 10, then the driving axle 10 is placed on two supporting blocks of the base 8, and a clamping plate 7 and a bolt are used for fastening the driving axle 10 and the two supporting blocks of the base 8 at the mounting position of a plate spring on the driving axle 10, as shown in figure 2; the motor 5 is in transmission connection with a main speed reducer of the drive axle 10, the connection position of the main speed reducer of the drive axle 10 is shown by an arrow in fig. 2, and the vibration sensor 9 is arranged on the drive axle 10;
B. debugging equipment: inputting the gradient of the driving axle 10 along with the running of the vehicle by the computer control system 4, and then regulating the front and back inclination of the rack 2 to a specified angle through the first inclination regulator 3 and the second inclination regulator 6, wherein the inclination sensor feeds back an angle signal; the rotating speed signal is input to the motor 5, the real-time signal is fed back through the rotating speed sensor and the torque sensor, and the vibration sensor 9 receives the vibration signal in real time, so that overload protection is achieved; after debugging is completed, an oil guide pipe is arranged at the oil guide hole A;
C. starting the test: the load of the test is in an idle state, and the gradient working conditions of the test are set to be five, namely 0 gradient, 5% gradient, 10% gradient, 20% gradient and 30% gradient;
(1) The test is carried out under the working condition of 0 gradient, the motor 5 drives the driving axle 10 to run, so that the driving axle 10 enters a running state along with the vehicle, the speed is accelerated to 5km/h, then the speed is increased by 5km/h, and the vehicle speed is up to 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, every 5km of speed per hour is a characteristic speed point, namely seven characteristic speed points of 5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h, 20km/h, 25km/h, 30km/h and 35km/h, when each characteristic speed point is reached, after observing that the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe is stable, measuring the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly carrying out three oil quantity measurements at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table. And (3) processing data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different speeds corresponding to one motor speed at each characteristic speed point, and drawing a speed and flow relation diagram, as shown in fig. 3.
(2) The test is carried out under the working condition of 5 percent gradient, the motor 5 drives the driving axle 10 to run, so that the driving axle 10 enters a running state along with the vehicle, the speed is accelerated to 5km/h, and then the speed is increased by 5km/h until the vehicle speed is 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, every 5km of speed per hour is a characteristic speed point, namely seven characteristic speed points of 5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h, 20km/h, 25km/h, 30km/h and 35km/h, when each characteristic speed point is reached, after observing that the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe is stable, measuring the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly carrying out three oil quantity measurements at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table. And (4) processing data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different speeds corresponding to one motor speed at each characteristic speed point, and drawing a speed and flow relation diagram, as shown in fig. 4.
(3) The test is carried out under the working condition of 10 percent gradient, the motor 5 drives the driving axle 10 to run, so that the driving axle 10 enters a running state along with the vehicle, the speed is accelerated to 5km/h, and then the speed is increased by 5km/h until the vehicle speed is 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, every 5km of speed per hour is a characteristic speed point, namely seven characteristic speed points of 5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h, 20km/h, 25km/h, 30km/h and 35km/h, when each characteristic speed point is reached, after observing that the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe is stable, measuring the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly carrying out three oil quantity measurements at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table. And (5) processing data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different speeds corresponding to one motor speed at each characteristic speed point, and drawing a speed and flow relation diagram, as shown in fig. 5.
(4) The test is carried out under the working condition of 20 percent gradient, the motor 5 drives the driving axle 10 to run, so that the driving axle 10 enters a running state along with the vehicle, the speed is accelerated to 5km/h, and then the speed is increased by 5km/h until the vehicle speed is 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, every 5km of speed per hour is a characteristic speed point, namely seven characteristic speed points of 5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h, 20km/h, 25km/h, 30km/h and 35km/h, when each characteristic speed point is reached, after observing that the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe is stable, measuring the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly carrying out three oil quantity measurements at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table. And (6) processing data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different speeds corresponding to one motor speed at each characteristic speed point, and drawing a speed and flow relation diagram, as shown in fig. 6.
(5) The test is carried out under the working condition of 30 percent gradient, the motor 5 drives the driving axle 10 to run, so that the driving axle 10 enters a running state along with the vehicle, the speed is accelerated to 5km/h, and then the speed is increased by 5km/h until the vehicle speed is 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, every 5km of speed per hour is a characteristic speed point, namely seven characteristic speed points of 5km/h, 10km/h, 15km/h, 20km/h, 25km/h, 30km/h and 35km/h, when each characteristic speed point is reached, after observing that the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe is stable, measuring the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly carrying out three oil quantity measurements at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table. And (3) processing data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different speeds corresponding to one motor speed at each characteristic speed point, and drawing a speed and flow relation diagram, as shown in fig. 7.
D. Evaluation of test results: comparing the test data with the evaluation standard, the test data shows that the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer is worst under the conditions of large gradient and low rotation speed, and the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer is good as long as the measured flow rate of the lubricating oil can reach more than 300 ml/min under the conditions of 30 percent gradient and the rotation speed of 15 km/h.
The invention can fully and accurately simulate the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the driving axle under the whole vehicle working condition, the measured data result basically represents the lubrication condition of the main speed reducer of the driving axle on the whole vehicle, the lubrication problem of the main speed reducer of the driving axle can be found in advance, the problem of lubrication of the main speed reducer of the driving axle can be solved in time, the product quality is ensured, and the huge maintenance cost caused by the large-scale market investment in the later period is avoided, thereby seriously affecting the product quality.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: A. and (3) installing a driving axle: an oil guide hole A of phi 12 is arranged at the middle part of an oil return channel of a main speed reducer bearing seat of the drive axle 10. The other technical features are the same as those of example 1.
Claims (3)
1. A lubrication test method for a main speed reducer of a drive axle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the main speed reducer lubrication test equipment of the drive axle is provided with a rack (2) arranged on a truss (1), wherein a front-back inclination angle control mechanism with an inclination angle sensor is arranged on the truss (1), and the front-back inclination angle control mechanism is used for adjusting the front-back inclination angle of the rack (2) relative to a horizontal plane; a motor (5), a vibration sensor (9), a base (8) for fixing a drive axle (10) and a clamping plate (7) are arranged on the rack (2), and the motor (5) is provided with a rotating speed sensor and a torque sensor; the front-back dip angle control mechanism, the motor (5) and the vibration sensor (9) are in signal connection with the computer control system (4);
the test method is as follows:
A. and (3) installing a driving axle: an oil guide hole A of phi 12 is formed in the middle of a main cone assembly or a bearing seat oil return passage of a main speed reducer of a driving axle (10), the driving axle (10) is placed on a base (8), the driving axle (10) and the base (8) are fastened by a clamping plate (7) and bolts at the mounting position of a plate spring on the driving axle (10), a motor (5) is in transmission connection with the main speed reducer of the driving axle (10), and a vibration sensor (9) is mounted on the driving axle (10);
B. debugging equipment: inputting the gradient of the driving axle (10) along with the running of the vehicle by a computer control system (4), and then regulating the front and back inclination of the rack (2) to a designated angle by a front and back inclination control mechanism, wherein an inclination sensor feeds back an angle signal; the rotating speed signal is input to the motor (5), the real-time signal is fed back through the rotating speed sensor and the torque sensor, and the vibration sensor (9) receives the vibration signal in real time, so that overload protection is achieved; after debugging is completed, an oil guide pipe is arranged at the oil guide hole A;
C. starting the test: the load of the test is in an idle state, and the gradient working conditions of the test are set to be five, namely 0 gradient, 5% gradient, 10% gradient, 20% gradient and 30% gradient; under each gradient working condition, a motor (5) drives a driving axle (10) to run, so that the driving axle (10) enters a vehicle-following running state, accelerates to 5km/h, and then increases gradually according to 5km/h until the vehicle speed is 35km/h; starting from the speed of 5km/h, taking every 5km of speed per hour as a characteristic speed point, observing the oil flow flowing out of the oil guide pipe to be stable when each characteristic speed point is reached, measuring the oil quantity flowing out of the oil guide pipe in a 1-min time period by using a measuring cup, repeatedly measuring the oil quantity for three times at each characteristic speed point, and recording the average value of the three oil quantity measurement results in a table; each characteristic speed point corresponds to one motor rotating speed, data of the lubricating oil flow measured at different rotating speeds are processed, and a rotating speed and flow relation diagram is drawn;
D. evaluation of test results: and comparing the test data with an evaluation standard, and evaluating the test result.
2. The method for testing lubrication of a main speed reducer of a drive axle according to claim 1, wherein: the front-back inclination angle control mechanism is provided with a first inclination angle adjuster (3) and a second inclination angle adjuster (6) which are positioned on two opposite sides of the truss (1).
3. The method for lubrication testing of a final drive of a drive axle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the base (8) is provided with two supporting blocks which are arranged at intervals.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111412932.3A CN114184377B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Lubrication test method for main speed reducer of drive axle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111412932.3A CN114184377B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Lubrication test method for main speed reducer of drive axle |
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| CN114184377B true CN114184377B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013084869A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | 国際計測器株式会社 | Torsion tester and machine tester |
| CN207095855U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-03-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig for the experiment of automobile transmission lubrication class |
| CN108414244A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-17 | 重庆凯瑞汽车试验设备开发有限公司 | A kind of power assembly of electric automobile real vehicle simulation test bench and its test method |
| CN213632657U (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-07-06 | 株洲齿轮有限责任公司 | Transmission lubrication test bench |
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111412932.3A patent/CN114184377B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013084869A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | 国際計測器株式会社 | Torsion tester and machine tester |
| CN207095855U (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-03-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental rig for the experiment of automobile transmission lubrication class |
| CN108414244A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-17 | 重庆凯瑞汽车试验设备开发有限公司 | A kind of power assembly of electric automobile real vehicle simulation test bench and its test method |
| CN213632657U (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-07-06 | 株洲齿轮有限责任公司 | Transmission lubrication test bench |
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| CN114184377A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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