CN114183923B - Comprehensive utilization system of gas heat-conducting oil furnace and control method - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization system of gas heat-conducting oil furnace and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114183923B CN114183923B CN202210140222.8A CN202210140222A CN114183923B CN 114183923 B CN114183923 B CN 114183923B CN 202210140222 A CN202210140222 A CN 202210140222A CN 114183923 B CN114183923 B CN 114183923B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
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- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
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Abstract
The application relates to a safe, efficient and energy-saving utilization technology of a gas heat-conducting oil furnace, in particular to a system for coupling operation of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace and a steam waste heat boiler. The system comprises a gas heat-conducting oil furnace, and the gas heat-conducting oil furnace is respectively connected with a heat-conducting oil circulating system and a steam waste heat boiler. According to the application, the waste heat of the flue gas generated by combustion of the heat conduction oil is fully recovered by using the steam waste heat boiler, so that the heat efficiency is improved; the steam waste heat boiler is arranged in a flue of the heat conduction oil boiler, the arrangement is flexible, the steam waste heat boiler and the heat conduction oil boiler are relatively independent, and the safety and the operability are improved; the steam waste heat boiler adopts a light pipe flue type convection heating surface, has low investment and can be effectively integrated with a process steam system; sufficient evaporation heating surfaces are arranged in the steam waste heat boiler, so that the operation stability is high, and the safety is good; the ash content of flue gas generated by gas combustion is low, the abrasion of a convection heating surface is reduced, and the safety of a heat conduction oil heating surface tube bundle is high; in addition, each heating surface can be reasonably arranged according to the properties of different fuel gases, and the system compatibility is good.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a safe, efficient and energy-saving utilization technology of a gas heat-conducting oil furnace, in particular to a system for coupling operation of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace and a steam waste heat boiler.
Background
The heat conducting oil is also called organic heat carrier or heat medium oil, has the characteristic of realizing high temperature under lower pressure and even normal pressure, has higher heat conductivity coefficient, and is a process heating medium with excellent performance. The heat conducting oil as a heat conducting medium is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, chemical fiber, textile, printing and dyeing, food, paper making and the like, and can meet the process requirements of heating and cooling at different temperatures in a wider temperature range or simultaneously realize the process requirements of high-temperature heating and low-temperature cooling by using the same heat conducting oil in the same system.
The heat conduction oil furnace takes heat conduction oil as a heat medium, utilizes a circulating oil pump to force the heat conduction oil to carry out liquid phase circulation, and returns the heat energy to the heating furnace for reheating after the heat energy is transmitted to the heat utilization equipment. The heat-conducting oil furnace can precisely control the working temperature, does not need water treatment equipment, has high heat utilization rate in the system, is convenient to operate and maintain, and is convenient for arranging a boiler room.
The application of heat conducting oil as intermediate heat transfer medium in industrial heat exchange process is that the heat conducting oil is used as medium in boiler with coal, water coal slurry and natural gas as fuel, and the heat conducting oil is used as medium to force the medium to circulate in liquid phase by means of hot oil circulating oil pump, so that the heat energy is transferred to heat utilizing equipment and returned to the heating furnace for re-heating, and high working temperature can be obtained at low pressure.
The traditional heat conducting oil heating usually adopts a coal-fired heating mode, and a chain furnace is a common furnace type. Because the capacity of the boiler is small and the combustion mode is backward, the efficiency of the boiler is usually low, the pollutant control difficulty is high, and the boiler is difficult to adapt to the gradually improved environmental protection requirement. And because this kind of boiler conduction oil heat transfer surface directly arranges inside the boiler, consequently when the heat exchange tube takes place to leak, the accident probability that the boiler takes place deflagration, explosion is high.
The outlet temperature range of the heat conducting oil is usually between 260 ℃ and 320 ℃, and if the heat of the flue gas generated by the combustion of the boiler is absorbed only through the heat conducting oil, even if an air preheater is arranged in a tail flue, the smoke discharge loss of the boiler is still obviously higher than that of a steam boiler. Depending on the operating conditions, the flue gas temperature at the flue gas outlet may reach around 350 ℃. If the high-temperature flue gas is directly discharged into the environment, energy waste and certain damage to the environment are caused.
In recent years, in order to improve the production process level and the product market competitiveness, enterprises gradually increase the engineering application of taking coal as fuel and adopting a large fluidized bed technology to directly or indirectly heat conduction oil in the fields of chemical engineering and chemical fiber. Although the mode improves the combustion efficiency and reduces the pollutant emission, the mode still has difficulty in meeting the increasing environmental protection requirement. Therefore, innovative technologies are required for the heat transfer oil heating scheme to meet the safety and stability of process heat and the gradually improved environmental protection requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The existing heat-conducting oil furnace cannot fully utilize the waste heat of the flue gas, has low combustion efficiency, has the risks of leakage, explosion and the like, and has low safety.
On one hand, the application provides a comprehensive utilization system of a gas heat-conducting oil furnace, which comprises a heat-conducting oil furnace, wherein the heat-conducting oil furnace is respectively connected with a heat-conducting oil circulating system and a steam waste heat boiler; 50-70% of the total air required by combustion enters a hearth through a primary air port, the rest air enters a secondary air port, the nozzle angle of the secondary air port is downward, the angle between the nozzle angle of the secondary air port and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees, and the air speed is 15-25 m/s; an oil cooling wall heating surface is arranged in the hearth, parallel tube bundles are distributed on the oil cooling wall heating surface, the tube bundles are obliquely distributed around the hearth, the inclination angle between the tube bundles and the side wall of the hearth is 6-10 degrees, the flow velocity of heat conducting oil in the tube bundles is 1-3 m/s, the top end of the hearth is connected with one end of a zigzag flue, and the other end of the zigzag flue is connected with a steam waste heat boiler through a connecting flue; a lower radiant tube group and an upper radiant tube group which are sequentially connected are arranged in the ascending section of the zigzag flue from bottom to top, a high-temperature convection coil tube and a low-temperature convection coil tube which are sequentially connected are arranged in the descending section of the zigzag flue from top to bottom, one end of a tube bundle arranged on the heating surface of the oil cooling wall is connected with the oil inlet header, the other end of the tube bundle is connected with the lower radiant tube group, the upper radiant tube group is connected with the high-temperature convection coil tube, and the low-temperature convection coil tube is connected with the oil outlet header; the steam waste heat boiler adopts a light pipe flue and comprises an economizer, a boiler convection tube bundle and a superheater which are sequentially connected, wherein the boiler convection tube bundle comprises a plurality of groups of tube bundles which are connected in parallel, the tube bundles are connected in parallel between an upper boiler barrel and a lower boiler barrel, the economizer comprises an economizer inlet header and an economizer outlet header, the superheater comprises a superheater inlet header and a superheater outlet header, and the superheater outlet header is connected with a desuperheater; the heat conduction oil circulating system comprises a main circulating system and an oil injection system which are mutually communicated, wherein the main circulating system comprises an oil outlet collection box, a heat utilization device and a bypass pipe which are respectively connected through pipelines, the heat utilization device and the bypass pipe are respectively connected with an oil-gas separator, the oil-gas separator is connected with an expansion tank arranged at a high position, the expansion tank is sequentially connected with a circulating pump and an oil inlet collection box, a heat conduction oil circulating loop is further formed, the oil injection system comprises an oil storage tank mutually communicated with the expansion tank, the oil storage tank is connected with an oil injection pump, and the oil injection pump is connected with an oil injection pipeline.
Further, the fuel gas is blast furnace gas, liquefied petroleum gas or coke oven gas.
Further, 60% of total air required by combustion enters a hearth through a primary air port, 40% of the total air enters a secondary air port, the nozzle angle of the secondary air port is downward, 40 degrees is formed between the nozzle angle of the secondary air port and the horizontal plane, and the air speed is 20 m/s.
Furthermore, the inclination angle between the tube bundle and the side wall of the hearth is 8 degrees, and the flow velocity of heat conduction oil in the tube bundle is 2 m/s.
Further, the burner is a cyclone burner, and the fuel gas enters the hearth through a cyclone blade and then is fully mixed with primary air to form cyclone flame.
Further, when the gas is blast furnace gas, an air preheater is arranged in the descending section of the zigzag flue to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas to heat cold air, and the heated hot air is returned to the primary air port or the secondary air port through an air duct.
Further, the steam waste heat boiler supplies unsaturated water through the water supply channel, the water supply sequentially enters the economizer inlet header, the economizer outlet header and the upper boiler barrel, then the water supply is absorbed in the boiler convection tube bundle to form a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture is subjected to steam-water separation in the upper boiler barrel, the separated saturated water returns to the boiler convection tube bundle to absorb heat, the separated saturated steam then enters the superheater through the superheater inlet header to absorb heat, the steam enters the desuperheater through the superheater outlet header, the temperature of the superheated steam is adjusted through the desuperheater water channel, and the superheated steam with the pressure and the temperature meeting the requirements is formed to supply users.
Furthermore, the oiling system includes the oil storage tank that communicates each other with the expansion tank, the oil storage tank is connected with the oiling pump, and the conduction oil pours into conduction oil circulation system into through the oil storage tank, and the conduction oil obtains the energy at the heat conduction oil stove between oil feed collection box and the collection box that produces oil, heats to the temperature of technological requirement after, as the heat carrier to heat supply with the thermal equipment.
On the other hand, the application also provides a control method of the comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace, gas enters the heat-conducting oil furnace from the cyclone burner, a staged air supply combustion mode is adopted, firstly, the gas is fully mixed with primary air to form cyclone flame, secondary air provides residual air, the residual air can suppress fire and prolong the retention time of the gas, smoke generated by combustion sequentially passes through the heating surface of the oil cooling wall, the lower radiation pipe group, the upper radiation pipe group, the high-temperature convection coil pipe and the low-temperature convection coil pipe, the smoke enters the steam waste heat boiler through a connecting flue after heat exchange, particularly sequentially passes through the boiler convection pipe group, the superheater and the economizer, and the temperature of superheated steam is adjusted through the desuperheating water supplied by the desuperheating water channel, so that the superheated steam becomes superheated steam with the pressure and the temperature meeting the requirements to supply users; the heat conduction oil enters a heat conduction oil circulation system through an oil injection pipeline, specifically, the heat conduction oil firstly enters the oil injection system, sequentially passes through an oil injection pump and an oil storage tank and then is injected into a main circulation system, the heat conduction oil obtains energy in a heat conduction oil furnace between an oil inlet collecting box and an oil outlet collecting box, specifically, the heat conduction oil obtains energy through heat exchange of an oil cooling wall heating surface, a lower radiation pipe group, an upper radiation pipe group, a high-temperature convection coil pipe and a low-temperature convection coil pipe, then is sent to a heat utilization device through the oil outlet collecting box and a pipeline for heat exchange, and the heat conduction oil after heat exchange returns to an expansion tank to form a circulation loop.
Further, when the heat supply to the heat utilization equipment is stopped or reduced, a part of heated heat conduction oil directly returns to the expansion tank through the oil outlet header and the bypass pipe, so that the flow and the flow speed of the heat conduction oil in the pipe bundle distributed on each heating surface in the heat conduction oil furnace are kept stable, the gas in the heat conduction oil is taken away, bubbles are not formed locally, and the heat transfer is reduced.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects: (1) the heat efficiency of the system is improved, and the waste heat of the heat-conducting oil combustion smoke is fully recovered by using a steam waste heat boiler; (2) the steam waste heat boiler is arranged in a flue outside the boiler, the arrangement is flexible, the heat conducting oil system and the steam system are relatively independent and do not interfere with each other, and the safety and the operability are improved; (3) the steam waste heat boiler adopts a light pipe flue type convection heating surface to replace a high-cost heat pipe type waste heat boiler, has low investment and can be effectively integrated with a process steam system; (4) sufficient evaporation heating surfaces are arranged in the steam waste heat boiler, so that the operation stability is high, and the safety is good; (5) compared with a coal-fired heat-conducting oil furnace, ash content in flue gas of the gas-fired heat-conducting oil furnace is reduced, abrasion of a convection heating surface is reduced, the abrasion is greatly reduced, and safety of a heat-conducting oil heating surface pipe is improved; (6) the heat conducting oil radiation heating surface and the convection heating surface can be reasonably arranged according to different heating values and element components of different fuel gases, and the system compatibility is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of heating surfaces of a fuel gas heat transfer oil and steam double-medium boiler.
Fig. 2 is a schematic layout view of a heating surface of the steam waste heat boiler.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a process flow of the heat transfer oil circulation system according to the present invention.
In the figure: an expansion tank 1; an oil storage tank 2; an oil-gas separator 3; a circulation pump 6; an oil injection pump 8; a heat-conducting oil furnace 10; an oil inlet header 11; an oil outlet header 12; a combustor 13; an oil-cooled wall heating surface 14; a lower radiant tube group 15; an upper radiant tube bank 16; a high temperature convection serpentine zone 17; a low temperature convection serpentine zone 18; an air preheater 19; a steam waste heat boiler 20; a connecting flue 21; a bypass flue 22; a tail flue 23; a chimney 25; an oil injection line 26; a bypass pipe 29; a primary tuyere 31; a secondary tuyere 32; an economizer 40; boiler convection bank 41; a superheater 42; an upper drum 43; a lower drum 44; an economizer inlet header 45; an economizer outlet header 46; a superheater inlet header 47; a superheater outlet header 48; a desuperheater 49; a desuperheating water passage 50; superheated steam 51; a water feed passage 52; a hearth 53; a zigzag flue 54; an oiling system 57; a main circulation system 58; the heat transfer oil circulating system 59.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present application. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present application, which are intended to explain the inventive concept. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like as used in the description are intended to refer to an orientation or positional relationship as shown in the drawings, merely for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
The terms "first", "second", etc. used in the description are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The term "plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "in communication with," and the like as used in the description are intended to be broadly construed, and can, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integral; mechanical connection and electrical connection can be realized; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either internal to the two elements or in an interactive relationship of the two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the examples can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "on," "under," or "over" a second feature may be directly in contact with the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly in contact with each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," or "above" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature may be "under," "beneath," or "beneath" a second feature, and the first and second features may be in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact via an intermediate. Also, a first feature "under," "beneath," or "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Reference throughout this specification to "one particular embodiment" or "an example" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Referring to fig. 1, a gas heat conduction oil furnace comprehensive utilization system according to an embodiment of the present application includes a heat conduction oil furnace 10, a heat conduction oil circulation system 59, and a steam waste heat boiler 20.
A hearth 53 of the heat conduction oil furnace 10 is connected with a combustor 13 arranged in the horizontal direction, and a primary air port 31 and a secondary air port 32 are formed in the periphery of the combustor 13 of the hearth 53 for introducing air required by gas combustion. The hearth 53 is a closed hearth to reduce the air leakage of the hearth, and negative pressure combustion is formed in the hearth to prevent gas from leaking to the surrounding environment.
The primary air quantity entering from the primary air port 31 accounts for 50% -70% of the total air quantity, and preferably 60%; the secondary air quantity entering from the secondary air opening 32 accounts for 30-50%, preferably 40% of the total air quantity. Preferably, the secondary tuyere 32 is located at a position of 1.5 m to 3 m, preferably 2 m, above the primary tuyere 31. The spout angle of the secondary tuyere 32 is downward, and forms an angle of 30-45 degrees, preferably 40 degrees with the horizontal plane; wind speeds are 12 m/s to 20 m/s, preferably 16 m/s.
An oil cooling wall heating surface 14 is arranged in the hearth 53, and parallel tube bundles are distributed on the oil cooling wall heating surface 14. The flow rate of the heat transfer oil in the tube bundle is 1 m/s-3 m/s, preferably 2 m/s. The tube bundle is arranged obliquely around the furnace, and the inclination angle between the tube bundle and the side wall of the furnace is 6-10 degrees, preferably 8 degrees. The top end of the hearth 53 is connected with one end of an n-shaped flue 54, the other end of the n-shaped flue 54 is connected with the steam waste heat boiler 20 through a connecting flue 21, and the other end of the n-shaped flue 54 can also be sequentially connected with a tail flue 23 and a chimney 25 through a bypass flue 22. When the steam demand of the steam waste heat boiler 20 is reduced or the steam waste heat boiler 20 fails, part or all of the flue gas of the heat-conducting oil furnace 10 can be directly led to the chimney 25 through the bypass flue 22 and the tail flue 23.
The combustor 13 can be a cyclone combustor, and the gas enters the hearth 53 through the cyclone blades and is fully mixed with the primary air to form cyclone flame, so that the NOx emission can be reduced.
The ascending section of the n-shaped flue 54 is internally provided with a lower radiant tube group 15 and an upper radiant tube group 16 which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and the descending section of the n-shaped flue 54 is internally provided with a high-temperature convection coiled tube 17 and a low-temperature convection coiled tube 18 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
The fuel gas can be blast furnace gas, liquefied petroleum gas or coke oven gas, and a combustion system and a tail desulfurization and denitrification system are configured according to different fuel gas characteristics. The blast furnace gas heat value is lower, the NOx generated by combustion is lower, and if the blast furnace gas combustor adopts air classification combustion, the tail part of the blast furnace gas combustor can be free from a denitration system. The calorific values of liquefied petroleum gas and coke oven gas are higher, even if air staged combustion is adopted, the NOx discharge capacity is still possibly higher, and the tail part needs to be considered to be provided with an SCR device for removing NOx so as to meet the requirement of environmental protection discharge.
When gas with lower heat value is combusted, such as blast furnace gas, in order to reach the temperature required by heat conduction oil, more flue gas needs to be generated, in order to further absorb the heat of the flue gas, an air preheater 19 can be further arranged in the descending section of the zigzag flue 54 to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas so as to heat cold air, and the heated hot air is returned to the primary air port 31 and the secondary air port 32 through the air channels, so that the combustion of the gas is facilitated, and the efficiency of a boiler system is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the steam waste heat boiler 20 includes an economizer 40, a boiler convection bank 41, an upper drum 43, a superheater 42, and the like, which are connected in sequence. The boiler convection bank 41 comprises a plurality of banks connected in parallel, the banks being connected in parallel between an upper drum 43 and a lower drum 44. The economizer 40 includes an economizer inlet header 45 and an economizer outlet header 46, and supplies water to the steam heat recovery boiler 20 through a water supply passage 52. The superheater 42 comprises a superheater inlet header 47 and a superheater outlet header 48, the superheater outlet header 48 is connected with a desuperheater 49, and the desuperheater 49 is connected with a desuperheating water channel 50.
High-temperature flue gas generated by the heat-conducting oil furnace enters the steam waste heat boiler 20 through the connecting flue 21, and the steam waste heat boiler 20 adopts a light pipe flue form without a heat pipe with higher cost. The high-temperature flue gas is discharged heat through the boiler convection bank 41, the superheater 42 and the economizer 40 in sequence and then flows out of the steam waste heat boiler 20. Unsaturated water is supplied to a water supply channel 52 of the steam waste heat boiler 20, the water supply channel 52 sequentially enters an economizer inlet header 45, an economizer 40 and an economizer outlet header 46, then enters an upper drum 43, the steam-water mixture is formed by heat absorption in a boiler convection tube bundle 41, the steam-water mixture is subjected to steam-water separation in the upper drum 43, the separated saturated water returns to the boiler convection tube bundle 41 to absorb heat, the separated saturated steam then enters a superheater 42 through a superheater inlet header 47 to absorb heat, and then enters a desuperheater 49 through a superheater outlet header 48. The desuperheating water is supplied through the desuperheating water passage 50 to adjust the temperature of the superheated steam to be superheated steam 51 having a pressure and temperature satisfying requirements to be supplied to a user. The steam waste heat boiler 20 can be arranged with steam-water systems with various pressure levels, so as to generate steam with different pressure levels for different production or living uses, such as 1.0 MPa and 0.5 MPa.
In order to absorb a large amount of flue gas generated by the combustion of the fuel gas, the steam waste heat boiler 20 needs to arrange more evaporation heating surfaces, i.e. the number of tube rows of the boiler convection tube bundle 41 is larger, or the length of the tubes is longer, so as to generate a steam-water mixture matched with the required steam amount, otherwise it is difficult to provide sufficient saturated steam to enter the next stage of superheating heating surface, and the situation that the required steam amount cannot be achieved occurs.
As shown in fig. 3, the heat conducting oil circulating system 59 includes a main circulating system 58 and an oil injection system 57 which are communicated with each other, the main circulating system 58 includes an oil outlet header 12, and a heat utilization device and a bypass pipe 29 which are connected through a pipeline respectively, the heat utilization device and the bypass pipe 29 are connected with an oil-gas separator 3 respectively, the oil-gas separator 3 is connected with an expansion tank 1 which is arranged at a high level position, and the expansion tank 1 is connected with a circulating pump 6 and an oil inlet header 11 in sequence, thereby forming a circulating loop. One end of the oil-cooled wall heating surface 14 with the tube bundle is connected with the oil inlet header 11, and the other end of the oil-cooled wall heating surface is connected with the lower radiant tube group 15; the upper radiant tube group 16 is connected with a high-temperature convection coil 17, and the low-temperature convection coil 18 is connected with the oil outlet header 12. The oil injection system 57 comprises an oil storage tank 2 communicated with the expansion tank 1, the oil storage tank 2 is connected with an oil injection pump 8, and the oil injection pump 8 is connected with an oil injection pipeline 26.
The heat conduction oil enters a heat conduction oil circulation system 59 through an oil injection pipeline 26, specifically, the heat conduction oil firstly enters an oil injection system 57, sequentially passes through an oil injection pump 8 and an oil storage tank 2, and then is injected into a main circulation system 58, the heat conduction oil obtains energy in a heat conduction oil furnace 10 between an oil inlet header tank 11 and an oil outlet header tank 12, and the heat conduction oil is heated to the temperature required by the process and then serves as a heat carrier to supply heat to heat-consuming equipment. When the heat supply to the heat utilization equipment is stopped or reduced, the by-pass pipe 29 is opened, so that a part of heat conduction oil circulates through the by-pass pipe 29, the flow and the flow speed of the heat conduction oil in the pipe bundle arranged on each heating surface in the heat conduction oil furnace 10 are kept stable, the gas in the heat conduction oil is taken away, bubbles are not formed locally, and the heat transfer is reduced.
According to the work of the comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace, gas enters the heat-conducting oil boiler from the combustor 13, and the combustion mode of graded air supply is adopted, so that the emission of pollutants is reduced. The fuel gas enters the hearth 53 through the swirl blades, and then is fully mixed and combusted with primary air entering the primary air port 31 to form swirl flame, the swirl flame is small, the wall impact is avoided, and the safety of the oil cooling wall heating surface 14 is improved. The secondary air port 32 has the functions of suppressing fire and prolonging the retention time of the fuel gas while providing the residual air, so that the unburned fuel gas is fully combusted, the dust content in the flue gas generated by combustion is low, the scouring of all heating surfaces of the heat-conducting oil furnace 10 is reduced, and the safety is further improved. The flue gas generated by combustion sequentially passes through an oil-cooled wall heating surface 14, a lower radiant tube group 15, an upper radiant tube group 16, a high-temperature convection coil 17 and a low-temperature convection coil 18, enters a steam waste heat boiler 20 through a connecting flue 21 after heat exchange, and finally generates medium-low pressure steam. The flue gas after heat exchange is discharged into the atmosphere through a tail flue 23, a draught fan 24 and a chimney 25. The heat conducting oil enters a heat conducting oil circulating system 59 through an oil injection pipeline 26, obtains energy in the heat conducting oil furnace 10 between the oil inlet header 11 and the oil outlet header 12, and is heated to the temperature required by the process to be used as a heat carrier to supply heat to heat utilization equipment.
While embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described above, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, there are also various changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the claimed application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gas heat conduction oil furnace comprehensive utilization system, includes heat conduction oil furnace (10), and heat conduction oil furnace links to each other its characterized in that with heat conduction oil circulation system (59) and steam exhaust-heat boiler (20) respectively:
a hearth (53) of the heat-conducting oil furnace is connected with a burner (13) arranged in the horizontal direction, a primary air port (31) and a secondary air port (32) are formed in the wall of the hearth at the periphery of the burner so as to introduce air required by combustion, and the secondary air port (32) is arranged at a position 1.5-3 m above the primary air port (31); the hearth is a closed hearth, and negative pressure combustion is carried out in the hearth; 50-70% of the total air required by combustion enters a hearth through a primary air port, the rest air enters a secondary air port, the nozzle angle of the secondary air port is downward, the angle between the nozzle angle of the secondary air port and the horizontal plane is 30-45 degrees, and the air speed is 15-25 m/s;
an oil cooling wall heating surface (14) is arranged in the hearth, parallel tube bundles are distributed on the oil cooling wall heating surface, the tube bundles are obliquely distributed around the hearth, the inclination angle between the tube bundles and the side wall of the hearth is 6-10 degrees, the flow velocity of heat conduction oil in the tube bundles is 1-3 m/s, the top end of the hearth is connected with one end of a n-shaped flue (54), the other end of the n-shaped flue is connected with a steam waste heat boiler through a connecting flue (21), the other end of the n-shaped flue is also connected with a bypass flue (22), and the steam waste heat boiler and the bypass flue are respectively connected with a tail flue (23) and a chimney (25) in sequence;
A lower radiant tube group (15) and an upper radiant tube group (16) which are sequentially connected are arranged in the ascending section of the n-shaped flue from bottom to top, a high-temperature convection coiled tube (17) and a low-temperature convection coiled tube (18) which are sequentially connected are arranged in the descending section of the n-shaped flue from top to bottom, one end of a tube bundle arranged on the heating surface of the oil cooling wall is connected with the oil inlet header (11), the other end of the tube bundle is connected with the lower radiant tube group (15), the upper radiant tube group is connected with the high-temperature convection coiled tube, and the low-temperature convection coiled tube is connected with the oil outlet header;
the steam waste heat boiler adopts a light pipe flue and comprises an economizer (40), a boiler convection tube bundle (41) and a superheater (42) which are sequentially connected, wherein the boiler convection tube bundle comprises a plurality of groups of tube bundles which are connected in parallel, the tube bundles are connected in parallel between an upper drum (43) and a lower drum (44), the economizer comprises an economizer inlet header (45) and an economizer outlet header (46), the superheater (42) comprises a superheater inlet header (47) and a superheater outlet header (48), and the superheater outlet header is connected with a desuperheater (49);
the flue gas generated by combustion sequentially passes through the oil cooling wall heating surface, the lower radiant tube group, the upper radiant tube group, the high-temperature convection coil pipe and the low-temperature convection coil pipe, and enters the steam waste heat boiler through the connecting flue after heat exchange;
The heat conduction oil circulating system comprises a main circulating system (58) and an oil injection system (57) which are mutually communicated, the main circulating system comprises an oil outlet collecting box (12), and a heat utilization device and a bypass pipe (29) which are respectively connected through pipelines, the heat utilization device and the bypass pipe are respectively connected with an oil-gas separator (3), the oil-gas separator is connected with an expansion tank (1) which is arranged at a high position, the expansion tank is sequentially connected with a circulating pump (6) and an oil inlet collecting box to form a heat conduction oil circulating loop, the oil injection system comprises an oil storage tank (2) which is mutually communicated with the expansion tank, the oil storage tank is connected with an oil injection pump (8), and the oil injection pump is connected with an oil injection pipeline (26);
the heat conduction oil enters a heat conduction oil circulation system through an oil injection pipeline, specifically, the heat conduction oil firstly enters the oil injection system, sequentially passes through an oil injection pump and an oil storage tank and then is injected into a main circulation system, the heat conduction oil obtains energy in a heat conduction oil furnace between an oil inlet collecting box and an oil outlet collecting box, specifically, the heat conduction oil obtains energy through heat exchange of an oil cooling wall heating surface, a lower radiation pipe group, an upper radiation pipe group, a high-temperature convection coil pipe and a low-temperature convection coil pipe, then is sent to a heat utilization device through the oil outlet collecting box and a pipeline for heat exchange, and the heat conduction oil after heat exchange returns to an expansion tank to form a circulation loop.
2. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel gas is blast furnace gas, liquefied petroleum gas or coke oven gas.
3. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the secondary air port (32) is 2 m above the primary air port (31), 60% of total air required by combustion enters a hearth from the primary air port, 40% of total air enters from the secondary air port, the nozzle angle of the secondary air port is downward, 40 degrees are formed between the nozzle angle of the secondary air port and the horizontal plane, and the air speed is 20 m/s.
4. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the inclination angle between the tube bundle and the side wall of the hearth is 8 degrees, and the flow velocity of the heat conduction oil in the tube bundle is 2 m/s.
5. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the burner is a cyclone burner, and fuel gas enters a hearth through a cyclone blade and then is fully mixed with primary air to form cyclone flame.
6. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the gas is blast furnace gas, an air preheater (19) is arranged in the descending section of the zigzag flue to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas so as to heat cold air, and the heated hot air is returned to the primary air port or the secondary air port through an air duct.
7. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: the steam waste heat boiler is characterized in that unsaturated water is supplied through a water supply channel (52), the water supply sequentially enters an economizer inlet header, an economizer outlet header and an upper boiler, then the water supply is heated in a boiler convection tube bundle to form a steam-water mixture, the steam-water mixture is subjected to steam-water separation in the upper boiler, the separated saturated water returns to the boiler convection tube bundle to absorb heat, the separated saturated steam then enters a superheater through the superheater inlet header to absorb heat, the separated saturated steam enters a desuperheater through the superheater outlet header, the temperature of the superheated steam is adjusted through a desuperheater channel (50), and the superheated steam (51) with pressure and temperature meeting requirements is formed to be supplied to users.
8. The comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil injection system comprises an oil storage tank (2) communicated with the expansion tank, the oil storage tank is connected with an oil injection pump (8), heat conduction oil is injected into a heat conduction oil circulation system through the oil storage tank, and the heat conduction oil obtains energy at a heat conduction oil furnace between the oil inlet header and the oil outlet header and is used as a heat carrier to supply heat to heat-consuming equipment after being heated to the temperature required by the process.
9. The control method of the comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: the gas enters the heat conducting oil boiler from the spiral-flow type burner, a staged air supply combustion mode is adopted, firstly, the gas and primary air are fully mixed to form spiral-flow flame, secondary air provides residual air and can suppress fire and prolong the retention time of the gas, smoke generated by combustion enters the steam waste heat boiler through the connecting flue and specifically passes through the boiler convection tube bundle, the superheater and the economizer in sequence, and the temperature of superheated steam is adjusted through the desuperheating water supplied by the desuperheating water channel, so that the superheated steam with the pressure and the temperature meeting the requirements is formed to supply users.
10. The control method of the comprehensive utilization system of the gas heat-conducting oil furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the heat supply to the heat utilization equipment is stopped or reduced, part of heated heat conduction oil directly returns to the expansion tank through the oil outlet header and the bypass pipe, so that the flow and the flow speed of the heat conduction oil in the pipe bundle distributed on each heating surface in the heat conduction oil furnace are kept stable, the gas in the heat conduction oil is taken away, bubbles are not formed locally, and the heat transfer is reduced.
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