CN114180314A - Closed feeding system - Google Patents
Closed feeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114180314A CN114180314A CN202111522284.7A CN202111522284A CN114180314A CN 114180314 A CN114180314 A CN 114180314A CN 202111522284 A CN202111522284 A CN 202111522284A CN 114180314 A CN114180314 A CN 114180314A
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- shell
- closed
- hole
- stirring
- conveying mechanism
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 114
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 13
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005570 vertical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
- B65G15/30—Belts or like endless load-carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
- B65G65/34—Emptying devices
- B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
- B65G65/46—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using screw conveyors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A closed feeding system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the first shell and is driven to spirally convey materials, and a first feeding hole and a first discharging hole are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move to convey materials, and a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is formed in the fermentation cavity; the second feed inlet is hermetically connected below the first discharge outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected below the second discharge outlet. Can effectively solve the problem of dust and waste gas overflow in the nicotine production process in the prior art, is convenient to provide a clean and tidy production workshop environment, and avoids the influence of the dust and the waste gas on the human health. And the structure is stable, the installation is easy, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nicotine production equipment, in particular to a closed feeding system.
Background
In the nicotine production, the raw and auxiliary materials can generate dust and waste gas in the processes of transmission, mixing and fermentation, the main components of the dust and the waste gas comprise the raw and auxiliary material dust, volatile nicotine, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), malodorous gas and the like, and if a person is in the environment of the dust and the waste gas for a long time, the health problem is easily caused. However, in the nicotine production plant in the prior art, the common conveying process mostly adopts an exposed conveyor belt for conveying, and the mixing and fermentation (alkalization) processes are also completed in an open stirring and fermentation tank exposed to the environment. Although the exposed environment has little influence on the production process of products, the production workshop is easy to form a space filled with nicotine production dust and waste gas, which causes the health problem of workshop staff. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a closed feeding system that can complete the production process and avoid the dust and waste gas from overflowing during the production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art, and providing a closed feeding system for solving the problem of dust and exhaust gas overflow during the nicotine production process.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the closed feeding system comprises a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the first shell and is driven to spirally convey materials, and a first feeding hole and a first discharging hole are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move to convey materials, and a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is formed in the fermentation cavity; the second feed inlet is hermetically connected below the first discharge outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected below the second discharge outlet. Furthermore, in the complete production line, the bottom of the fermentation cavity is also provided with a fermentation outlet for discharging the fermentation material.
First conveying mechanism, second conveying mechanism, fermentation equipment all are equipped with corresponding closed casing, and only set up necessary opening, like corresponding feed inlet, discharge gate, and also be sealing connection between the discharge gate that accepts mutually, the feed inlet, can effectively avoid dust, the waste gas in the transportation process to overflow before the fermentation of nicotine production through this mode to avoid scattering in the workshop and arouse workshop staff's healthy problem. First conveying mechanism adopts auger delivery, except being convenient for cooperate first casing formation relatively confined transport space, the auger delivery process can also carry out certain stirring mixing action to the material to be convenient for follow-up get into in the fermentation equipment and evenly fill, improve the fermentation effect. First conveying mechanism's first feed inlet can be used to the entering of nicotine production auxiliary material, water, second conveying mechanism adopts the scraper blade to transport, then can effectively transmit auxiliary material, water mixture. Because the addition of water can cause the production raw materials to agglomerate or gather densely, the conveying efficiency is low by adopting a spiral conveying mode, and the spiral conveying mechanism is easily damaged. And adopt the second conveying mechanism transportation that contains a plurality of scrapers to contain the mixture of cigarette muscle, calcium oxide, water to fermentation equipment, can carry out effectual transmission, compare in the auger delivery structure, its structure receives the transportation resistance influence of wet piece less, can be comparatively perfect realize the transmission of wet material behind the water. Through this closed feed system, can ensure the material transmission in the relative enclosure space, avoid scattering of dust, waste gas in the prior art nicotine production, and through screw feed, scraper blade transport can be better cooperation nicotine raw materials for production realize corresponding stirring mix, to the transport of wet water material, can realize mixing effect under the prerequisite that does not need special agitated vessel. Utilize the scraper blade to carry can the pertinence wet piece to cigarette muscle, calcium oxide, water formation and transmit, provide certain conveying efficiency and transport intensity, the cooperation sets up first conveying mechanism in the front, makes whole charge-in system more stable. Further, the first conveying mechanism and/or the second conveying mechanism and/or the fermentation equipment are/is provided with a suction and discharge device communicated with the outside and used for discharging dust and waste gas to the outside.
Further, the first conveying mechanism is a packing auger conveyor, and the second conveying mechanism is a scraper conveyor. The auger conveyor can provide certain conveying, stirring and mixing functions, and the auger conveyor can transmit forward and backward and has strong operability. The scraper conveyor is stable and simple in structure, long in conveying distance and also is a closed box body, and materials, dust and waste gas can be effectively prevented from flying.
Further, the first shell and the second shell are transparent shells. The first shell and the second shell are transparent shells, so that the internal transmission process of the device can be monitored in real time, the device can be adjusted in time when the device breaks down or is abnormally transmitted, and waste products and cost waste can be avoided.
Further, the second conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, the second feed inlet is formed in the lower side, and the second discharge outlet is formed in the higher side. Specifically, the fermentation equipment of industrial production among the prior art, like the fermentation cylinder, highly higher, and set up the slope of second conveying mechanism and set up then be convenient for by the low level to high-order transportation material to smooth transportation material is to the fermentation cylinder in.
The stirring device comprises a stirring outer shell with a hollow inner part and stirring blades arranged in the stirring outer shell, wherein a stirring material inlet and a stirring material outlet are formed in the stirring outer shell; the stirring material inlet is connected with the first discharge hole in a sealing mode, the second feed hole is connected with the stirring material outlet in a sealing mode, and the fermentation inlet is connected with the second discharge hole in a sealing mode. Although can play certain mixing effect through first conveying mechanism, through adding agitated vessel, then be convenient for further mixing material, improve nicotine production effect. The stirring shell body is the shell of the stirring equipment.
Further, the agitated vessel top is equipped with opening stirred tank up, be equipped with stirring vane in the stirred tank, be equipped with the unloading passageway between stirred tank opening border and the stirring shell body inner wall, the material is through stirring material entry, stirred tank, unloading passageway arrival stirring material export. The material that first discharge gate flows out gets into agitated vessel through stirring material entry to fall on the stirred tank. The material gets into and is driven and stir by stirring vane in the stirred tank back, and when the material pile was higher than stirred tank opening border in the stirred tank, the material then can spill over and through the downward blanking of unloading passageway, and then gets into second conveying mechanism second feed inlet through agitated vessel bottom stirring material outlet. Through this mode stirring and unloading, can realize stirring ejection of compact simultaneously, improve production efficiency. And for stirring by utilizing the cavity in the whole stirring equipment, the stirring tank with a small containing cavity is more beneficial to uniform stirring, and the required stirring power is less.
Further, the height of the side wall of the stirring tank is 15-20 cm, and the height of the stirring blade is 5-15 cm. The stirring tank side wall and the stirring blade are arranged to be at the height, a smaller stirring space is formed, and quick stirring and timely stirring materials are convenient to overflow.
Further, the height of the side wall of one side of the stirring tank is lower than that of the side wall of the other side of the stirring tank. Set up agitator tank one side lateral wall both sides highly different, the material still can spill over, the unloading to the unloading passageway through the lower one side opening of lateral wall after getting into the agitator tank, and simultaneously, the higher one side of lateral wall then provides more spaces of piling up, prepares the material that gets into in the stirring vane stirring range in advance, improves stirring efficiency.
Further, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell is an arc-shaped side wall with an arc-shaped opening facing the inner side. The inner wall of stirring shell body sets up to the cambered surface lateral wall and is favorable to stirring back material cunning to stirring material export, avoids the stirring material bonding of mixed water on the inner wall of stirring shell body. Furthermore, when the height of the side wall of one side of the stirring tank is lower than that of the side wall of the other side of the stirring tank, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell of the stirring device at least at the side with the lower height of the side wall of the stirring tank is an arc-shaped side wall with an arc-shaped opening facing the inner side; the material overflows from this side promptly, sets up the cambered surface lateral wall and is favorable to the material smooth whereabouts and gets into the stirring export.
Further, still include closed conveyer belt mechanism, closed conveyer belt mechanism includes closed third casing, third conveyer belt, the third casing is equipped with third feed inlet, third discharge gate, the third discharge gate is accepted on the second feed inlet, the shape of third conveyer belt is the ascending arc of opening on the cross-section of perpendicular to direction of transfer, and the material reaches the second feed inlet through third feed inlet, third conveyer belt, third discharge gate in proper order.
The first conveying mechanism which is connected with the stirring device or the fermentation device is different from a conveying belt and can convey water in a closed shell, so that the direct upstream conveying mechanism which is arranged as the second conveying mechanism is more beneficial to perfect conveying of the water component. And other supplementary materials are then mostly accumulational particulate matter, and this type of particulate matter then can adopt multiple structure to transport, including closed conveyer belt mechanism. Compared with the mode of driving the whole spiral blade to convey, the power required by the conveying belt conveying mode is less, the energy consumption can be effectively saved, and the cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the dust-proof exhaust hood has the technical effect of preventing dust, waste gas and the like from leaking. And a closed conveyor belt mechanism is arranged in front of the first conveying mechanism, so that the requirements on the conveying distance and the conveying length of the first conveying mechanism are reduced, and the load on a single conveying structure is reduced.
Since the raw and auxiliary materials are usually in the form of stacked particles, they may roll and fall out of the conveyor belt, and especially when the conveyor belt vibrates up and down due to the precision of mechanical equipment, the raw and auxiliary materials are more likely to roll and fall out of the conveyor belt toward both ends in the width direction. The cross section of the third conveyor belt in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction is arc-shaped, namely, the two sides are high and the middle is low, materials enter the surface of the third conveyor belt and then are concentrated in the middle area of the third conveyor belt, and even if the materials exist in a particulate form, the materials are difficult to roll towards the two sides and fall, so that the loss of the materials in the conveying process is reduced, the production control precision is improved, and the production effect is further improved.
Further, the closed conveyor belt mechanism comprises a closed third shell, a third conveyor belt, a first synchronizing wheel, a second synchronizing wheel and a third synchronizing wheel; a third feeding hole and a third discharging hole are respectively formed in the two ends of the third shell, the third discharging hole is connected to the first feeding hole, an arc-shaped hole with an upward arc-shaped opening is formed in the end face of one end, close to the third feeding hole, of the third shell, and an outlet hole is formed in the bottom face of one side, close to the third discharging hole, of the third shell; the first synchronous wheel is arranged outside the third shell and on one side of the arc-shaped hole, and the top end of the first synchronous wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole; the second synchronizing wheel is arranged on one side, close to the third discharge hole, in the third shell and is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel is arranged outside the third shell, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel is lower than the third shell, and the third conveyor belt sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel, the arc-shaped hole, the second synchronizing wheel, the outlet hole, the third synchronizing wheel and the first synchronizing wheel.
Because supplementary material usually exists with accumulational particulate form, it can take place to roll and drops outward to the third conveyer belt, and set up arc hole, saddle wheel, then can cooperate and make the third conveyer belt appear as the arc in the cross-sectional shape on the perpendicular to direction of transfer, state that both sides are high, the centre is low promptly, the material gets into and then concentrates on the conveyer belt middle zone behind the conveyer belt surface, even it exists with accumulational particulate form, also be difficult to roll to both sides and drop, thereby reduce the loss of material in transmission process, improve production control's precision, further improve production effect. Set up first synchronizing wheel top and be higher than the arc hole, be favorable to making arc hole and conveyer belt surface offset to make third conveyer belt laminating arc hole and formation cross-section be curved state. And the third synchronizing wheel sets up to the saddle wheel, then is favorable to maintaining the conveyer belt shape before the ejection of compact, and the guarantee feeding does not take place to drop to ejection of compact in-process material. And the outlet hole is provided and the outlet hole is closer to the first synchronizing wheel than the third synchronizing wheel so that the arrangement of the third discharging port is convenient, namely, only the third discharging port is provided on one side of the third synchronizing wheel, and the outlet groove can guide the third conveyor belt passing through the third synchronizing wheel to move towards the opposite side. The second synchronizing wheel is arranged, so that the conveyor belt can be prevented from being abutted to the shell, and the abrasion of the surface of the conveyor belt is reduced.
Further, the arc hole border is equipped with a plurality of balls, the exit hole border is equipped with a plurality of balls. Set up a plurality of balls and be favorable to reducing the third conveyer belt through the wearing and tearing that arc hole, exit hole received, and can not produce the resistance to the removal of third conveyer belt basically, be convenient for smooth transmission.
Furthermore, the third shell is connected with a negative pressure device which communicates the inner cavity of the third shell with the outdoor environment. Because the third conveyer belt needs constantly to remove, and the required space of conveyer belt slip needs to be reserved to its arc hole, exit hole, so closed conveyer belt mechanism third casing probably can't seal completely, nevertheless through setting up negative pressure device, then can maintain the interior negative pressure state of third casing all the time to make dust, the waste gas in the closed conveyer belt mechanism discharged the external world or collected.
The conveying device further comprises more than one fourth conveying mechanism which is arranged on the upper stream of the closed conveying belt mechanism and is in sealed connection, wherein the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a helical blade which is arranged in the fourth shell and is driven to carry materials in a helical manner, and a fourth feeding hole and a fourth discharging hole are formed in the fourth shell; or the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in the shell and driven to move to convey materials, and a fourth feeding hole and a fourth discharging hole are formed in the fourth shell; or, the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a fourth conveying belt, the fourth shell is provided with a fourth feeding hole and a fourth discharging hole, the shape of the fourth conveying belt on the cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction is an arc with an upward opening, and the materials sequentially pass through the fourth feeding hole and the fourth conveying belt to reach the fourth discharging hole.
Through set up the more than one fourth conveying mechanism who accepts at closed conveyer belt mechanism upper reaches, can realize long distance transmission equally, further separate the same transport distance and be a plurality of short transport distances, be favorable to using the first conveying mechanism or closed conveyer belt structure etc. that the transport distance is shorter, make overall structure more easily replace, maintain. For the single first conveying mechanism with a long conveying distance to convey, the helical blade of the first conveying mechanism has heavy load on the driving part, and the conveying effect and the stirring effect of the first conveying mechanism are also limited. For a closed conveyor belt mechanism with a long transmission distance, when the transmission distance is long, the middle part of the conveyor belt easily sinks, so that the transmission effect is influenced, and the conveyor belt mechanism is more easily damaged and cannot be continuously utilized. And the same long-distance transmission is realized by the connection of a plurality of transmission mechanisms, so that the arrangement of the transmission mechanisms is convenient, the maintenance and the replacement of the whole transmission mechanism are more facilitated, and the loss of each transmission mechanism can be effectively reduced by a shorter transmission distance.
Furthermore, the collecting and maintaining device comprises a collecting cavity, a maintaining door is arranged on one side of the collecting cavity, the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism is borne in the collecting cavity, and a drain hole is formed in the bottom end of the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism. The maintenance door is a door structure arranged on the side wall of the collection cavity, and maintenance personnel open the maintenance door so as to maintain and clean the drain hole and the collection cavity. Since the scraper is different from the helical blade and the efficiency of conveying water is general, part of the conveyed water cannot be conveyed continuously and is deposited on the lower side of the second conveying mechanism. If the continuous deposition is carried out, the subsequent material is not favorably entered and conveyed, and the drainage holes are favorable for timely drainage, or the deposited water is independently conveyed, so that the influence on the conveying effect caused by the continuous deposition with other raw and auxiliary materials in a single container is avoided.
Furthermore, a recoil pump for dredging the drain hole is arranged on the side of the drain hole of the second conveying mechanism. Because the nicotine raw and auxiliary materials and water are mixed to form larger agglomerates, the drain hole is easily blocked in the drainage process, and the drain hole can be dredged through the recoil pump. Specifically, the drain hole is connected with a branch pipeline, one branch is used for draining water, the other branch is communicated with the drain hole and the backflushing pump, when the backflushing pump needs to be used, the branch used for draining water is closed, the backflushing pump and the corresponding branch of the backflushing pump are started, and backflushing can be performed on the drain hole, so that the drain hole is dredged. Specifically, the recoil pump is a pneumatic pump that provides a high pressure gas flow.
Further, the first conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, and the first material outlet end is lower than the first material inlet end. When adopting first conveying mechanism to carry the water component, if first conveying mechanism level sets up, then because of helical blade not the unidirectional transportation of complete closure, the water component then still can partly flow to the one side opposite with direction of delivery, and lead to easily influencing follow-up transmission's efficiency with other supplementary product bonding. When the inclined device is arranged, not only does the water need to move to the opposite side, but also the water component can wash the raw auxiliary materials at the downstream and continuously move along the conveying direction.
Further, when the first conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the first conveying mechanism and the horizontal plane is 5-15 degrees. The first conveying mechanism is arranged to have a certain inclination angle, so that water can be prevented from moving in the direction opposite to the conveying direction, and the stirring effect of the original spiral conveying is conveniently maintained. If the angle of inclination is too large, the material will move faster under the action of gravity, and the stirring effect of the helical blade will be impaired, so that a certain angle needs to be maintained to maintain the advantages of the helical blade.
Furthermore, the upper part of the fermentation equipment is also provided with a negative pressure exhaust mechanism communicated with the outside. The fermentation process comprises an aging/alkalization process, waste gas is generated in the process, and the arrangement of the negative pressure exhaust mechanism is favorable for timely discharging the waste gas generated in the fermentation tank. Still further, the negative pressure exhaust mechanism comprises a pipeline communicated with the outdoor environment and a negative pressure fan arranged in the pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through setting up the relative confined first conveying mechanism of transmission environment, second conveying mechanism, fermentation equipment for before the fermentation, in the fermentation process all keep comparatively confined environment, effectively prevent the four of dust, waste gas from loosing in the production process, thereby keep clean, friendly workshop environment, avoid producing healthy problem to workshop staff. Meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring that dust and waste gas are not scattered, the spiral conveying mechanism can provide a certain stirring effect, and even if no special stirring equipment is provided, the basic stirring function can be realized by using the first conveying mechanism, so that one machine with multiple functions is realized. In consideration of the caking and dense characteristics of the wet water materials, the application also designs the second transmission mechanism for transmitting the wet water materials to be scraper transmission so as to provide enough transmission power and stability. On this basic scheme, this application can also be through setting up a plurality of transport mechanism in order to realize long distance's transmission through the cooperation of a plurality of transport mechanism at first transport mechanism upstream, avoids alone first transport mechanism transmission distance overlength to take place to damage or arouse transmission efficiency's reduction. The method comprises the step of arranging a closed conveying belt mechanism at the upstream of a first conveying mechanism, so that the power required by transmission can be reduced while the transmission efficiency and the long-distance transmission are realized in a matched mode. The first conveying mechanism can be integrally combined in multiple ways at the upstream so as to adapt to different production requirements, and the device is high in operability, convenient to maintain and replace and more stable. This application is still through setting up agitated vessel in order further to improve the mixing effect, further gets rid of the adverse effect that tilting, vertical transmission probably brought through collecting device, and guarantee second conveying mechanism continuously carries the material smoothly, improves holistic conveying efficiency. And the stirring and closed transmission effects are improved by arranging the stirring tank, the negative pressure device and other structures, so that the production efficiency, the production quality and the like are further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a closed conveyor belt mechanism in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a saddle wheel in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Description of the drawings: the fermentation device comprises a closed feeding system 100, a first conveying mechanism 101, a first housing 1011, a first helical blade 1012, a first feed inlet 1013, a first discharge outlet 1014, a second conveying mechanism 102, a second housing 1021, a first scraper 1022, a second feed inlet 1023, a second discharge outlet 1024, a water discharge hole 1025, a fermentation device 103, a fermentation cavity 1031 and a fermentation inlet 1032; the device comprises a negative pressure exhaust mechanism 1033, a stirring device 104, a stirring outer shell 1041, a stirring blade 1042, a stirring material inlet 1043, a stirring material outlet 1044, a stirring tank 1045, a blanking channel 1046, a closed conveyor belt mechanism 105, a third shell 1051, a third conveyor belt 1052, a third feed inlet 1053, a third discharge outlet 1054, a first synchronizing wheel 1055, a second synchronizing wheel 1056, a third synchronizing wheel 1057, an arc-shaped hole 1058, an outlet 1059, a negative pressure device 10510, a collection maintenance device 106, a collection cavity 1061, a maintenance door 1062, a fourth conveying mechanism 107, a fourth shell 1071, a fourth helical blade 1072, a fourth feed inlet 1073 and a fourth discharge outlet 1074.
Detailed Description
The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. For a better understanding of the following embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a closed feeding system 100, which includes a first conveying mechanism 101, a second conveying mechanism 102, and a fermentation apparatus 103, wherein the first conveying mechanism 101 includes a closed first housing 1011, and a first helical blade 1012 arranged in the first housing 1011 and driven to screw and convey materials, and the first housing 1011 is provided with a first feeding port 1013 and a first discharging port 1014; the second conveying mechanism 102 includes a closed second casing 1021, and a plurality of first scrapers 1022 disposed in the second casing 1021 and driven to move and convey the material, wherein the second casing 1021 is provided with a second feeding port 1023 and a second discharging port 1024; specifically, in this embodiment, the first conveying mechanism 101 is a screw conveyor, and the second conveying mechanism 102 is a scraper conveyor; the fermentation equipment 103 comprises a fermentation chamber 1031, and a fermentation inlet 1032 is arranged on the fermentation chamber 1031; the second inlet 1023 is hermetically connected to the first outlet 1014, and the fermentation inlet 1032 is hermetically connected to the second outlet 1024.
In combination with the prior art that the fermentation apparatus 103 generally has a high height, the second conveying mechanism 102 is disposed obliquely in this embodiment, the second inlet 1023 is disposed at the lower side, and the second outlet 1024 is disposed at the higher side. Meanwhile, since the first conveying mechanism 101 is also involved in the water transportation, in order to prevent the water from moving in the direction opposite to the transportation direction, the first conveying mechanism 101 is also provided in the present embodiment to be inclined, and the end of the first discharging hole 1014 is lower than the end of the first feeding hole 1013. In addition, in this embodiment, the included angle between the inclined first conveying mechanism 101 and the horizontal plane is 5-15 °.
In order to facilitate observing the interior of the feeding system, the embodiment further provides that the first shell 1011 and the second shell 1021 are transparent shells; in order to timely discharge waste gas generated in the fermentation process, the upper part of the fermentation equipment 103 is also provided with a negative pressure exhaust mechanism 1033 communicated with the outside.
Although the helical blade can also play a certain role in stirring and mixing, the possible mixing effect is not obvious, and for this reason, a stirring device 104 is further disposed between the first conveying mechanism 101 and the second conveying mechanism 102 in this embodiment, so as to sufficiently mix the materials, thereby facilitating the subsequent fermentation process. Specifically, the stirring device 104 includes a stirring outer shell 1041 with a hollow interior, and a stirring blade 1042 arranged in the stirring outer shell 1041, where the stirring outer shell 1041 is provided with a stirring material inlet 1043 and a stirring material outlet 1044; stirring material inlet 1043 is sealingly connected to first discharge port 1014, second feed inlet 1023 is sealingly connected to stirring material outlet 1046, and fermentation inlet 1032 is sealingly connected to second discharge port 1024. If the mode of intermittent type formula stirring material is adopted, get into the stirring process promptly and wait to stir the mode of accomplishing back reentrant second conveying mechanism 102, can reduce production efficiency, in order not to reduce production efficiency, this embodiment then realizes the stirring with the mode of unloading while stirring through set up stirred tank 1045, stirring vane 1042 on agitated vessel 104 upper portion to have the advantage of mixing and improvement production efficiency concurrently. Specifically, this embodiment is in agitated vessel 104 top is equipped with agitator tank 1045 that the opening faces up, be equipped with stirring vane 1042 in agitator tank 1045, be equipped with unloading passageway 1046 between agitator tank 1045 opening border and the stirring shell body 1041 inner wall, the material reaches stirring material export 1044 through stirring material entry 1043, agitator tank 1045, unloading passageway 1046. The height of the side wall of the stirring tank 1045 is 15-20 cm, and the height of the stirring blade 1042 is 5-15 cm.
Except for the trough structure with the conventional opening edge having the same height, the stirring trough 1045 can be arranged in the embodiment such that the height of the side wall of one side is lower than that of the side wall of the other side, so as to further improve the stirring efficiency. In addition, in order to facilitate the discharging, the inner wall of the stirring outer shell 1041 may be an arc-shaped sidewall with an arc-shaped opening facing the inside.
If the single first conveying mechanism 101 is used for long-distance conveying in a spiral conveying manner, the first conveying mechanism 101 is heavy in load and large in energy consumption, so that the service life of the first conveying mechanism 101 may be shortened, and the long-distance conveying effect is poor. And long-distance conveying is completed through the cooperation of belt conveying and the first conveying mechanism 101, so that the load of a single conveying mechanism is reduced, the conveying effect is promoted, and the structure is more stable. For this purpose, in this embodiment, a closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 is further disposed upstream of the first conveying mechanism 101, the closed conveyor belt mechanism 105 includes a third closed housing 1051 and a third closed conveyor belt 1052, the third housing 1051 is provided with a third feeding port 1053 and a third discharging port 1054, the third discharging port 1054 is received on the second feeding port 1023, the third conveyor belt 1052 is in an arc shape with an upward opening in a cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the material sequentially passes through the third feeding port 1053, the conveyor belt and the third discharging port 1054 and reaches the second feeding port 1023. The closed conveying belt mechanism 105 can be used for feeding powdery and granular raw and auxiliary materials, the first conveying mechanism 101 can be used for feeding water, and the conveying and mixing of the materials can be realized by connecting the closed conveying belt mechanism and the first conveying mechanism. The material inlet of the corresponding feed inlet of each conveying structure can be designed and selected according to the requirement.
Specifically, the closed belt mechanism 105 is realized by the following structure: comprises a closed third housing 1051, a third conveyor 1052, a first synchronizing wheel 1055, a second synchronizing wheel 1056, a third synchronizing wheel 1057; a third feed port 1053 and a third discharge port 1054 are respectively arranged at two ends of the third housing 1051, the third discharge port 1054 is connected to the first feed port 1013, an end face of the third housing 1051 near the third feed port 1053 is provided with an arc hole 1058 with an upward arc opening, a bottom surface near one side of the third discharge port 1054 is provided with an outlet hole 1059, and the outlet hole 1059 is closer to the first synchronizing wheel 1055 than the third synchronizing wheel 1057 in the horizontal direction; the first synchronizing wheel 1055 is arranged outside the third shell 1051 and at one side of the arc-shaped hole 1058, and the top end of the first synchronizing wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole 1058; the second synchronizing wheel 1056 is arranged at one side of the third shell 1051 close to the third discharge port 1054, and the second synchronizing wheel 1056 is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel 1057 is disposed outside the third housing 1051, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel 1057 is lower than the third housing 1051, and the third belt 1052 sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel 1055, the arc-shaped hole 1058, the second synchronizing wheel 1056, the exit hole 1059, the third synchronizing wheel 1057, and the first synchronizing wheel 1055. To reduce wear on the third belt 1052, the edges of the arcuate apertures 1058 and 1059 are provided with a plurality of balls. For convenience of illustration, the arc-shaped holes 1058 and the exit holes 1059 are illustrated as square blocks in FIG. 1, the arc-shaped hole structure 1058 can be seen in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a partially cut-away schematic view of the third housing 1051 and the third belt 1052, and the second synchronizing wheel 1056 can be seen in FIG. 3.
Since the arc holes 1058 and 1059 provide the space for moving the conveyor belt, there is a gap, and in order to avoid the dust and exhaust gas from overflowing, the third housing 1051 is further connected to a negative pressure device 10510 for communicating the inner cavity of the third housing 1051 with the outdoor environment.
Specifically, the collecting and maintaining device 106 is further included in this embodiment, the collecting and maintaining device 106 includes a collecting cavity 1061 with an upward opening, a maintaining door 1062 is disposed on one side of the collecting cavity 1061, the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism 102 is carried in the collecting cavity 1061, and a drain hole 1025 is disposed at the bottom end of the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism 102. In order to avoid the blocking of the drain hole 1025, the second conveying mechanism 102 of the present embodiment is further provided with a recoil pump (not shown) on the side of the drain hole 1025 for dredging the drain hole 1025. In addition to collecting the discharge, a separate branch can also be collected and utilized for transport to the fermentation plant 103. For example, the bottom of the collection cavity 1061 of the present embodiment is provided with a water collection chamber, the water collection chamber is connected to a pump pressure pipeline, and water in the water collection chamber can be guided to the fermentation equipment 103 through the pump pressure pipeline.
In addition to the above-mentioned first conveying mechanism 101 being provided with the closed conveying mechanism 105 to implement upstream matching and shorten the conveying distance of a single conveying mechanism, the present embodiment can further shorten the required conveying length of each individual conveying mechanism by providing more than one fourth conveying mechanism 107 upstream of the closed conveying mechanism 105, and is more suitable for use in various environments and requirements. Specifically, more than one fourth conveying mechanism 107 which is sequentially sealed and received can be arranged at the upstream of the closed conveying belt mechanism 105, the fourth conveying mechanism 107 comprises a closed fourth housing 1071 and a fourth helical blade 1072 which is arranged in the fourth housing 1071 and is driven to screw and convey materials, and a fourth feeding port 1073 and a fourth discharging port 1074 are arranged on the fourth housing 1071; and/or the fourth conveying mechanism 107 comprises a closed fourth housing 1071 and a plurality of fourth scrapers which are arranged in the housing and driven to move and convey materials, wherein a fourth feeding hole 1073 and a fourth discharging hole 1074 are formed in the fourth housing 1071; and/or, the fourth conveying mechanism 107 includes a closed fourth housing 1071 and a fourth conveyor belt, the fourth housing 1071 is provided with a fourth feed port 1073 and a fourth discharge port 1074, the shape of the fourth conveyor belt on the cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction is an arc with an upward opening, and the material reaches the fourth discharge port 1074 through the fourth feed port 1073 and the fourth conveyor belt in sequence. In this embodiment, a fourth transmission mechanism having the same structure as the first transmission mechanism is adopted before the conveyor belt is closed, so as to further shorten the transmission distance required by each transmission mechanism individually. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first housing 1011, the second housing 1021, the third housing 1051, and the fourth housing 1071 are all rectangular solids.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention claims should be included in the protection scope of the present invention claims.
Claims (10)
1. A closed feeding system is characterized by comprising a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism and fermentation equipment, wherein the first conveying mechanism comprises a closed first shell and a spiral blade which is arranged in the first shell and driven to spirally convey materials, and a first feeding hole and a first discharging hole are formed in the first shell; the second conveying mechanism comprises a closed second shell and a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in the second shell and driven to move to convey materials, and a second feeding hole and a second discharging hole are formed in the second shell; the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation cavity, and a fermentation inlet is formed in the fermentation cavity; the second feed inlet is hermetically connected below the first discharge outlet, and the fermentation inlet is hermetically connected below the second discharge outlet.
2. The closed feeding system of claim 1, further comprising a stirring device disposed between the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring outer shell with a hollow interior and a stirring blade disposed in the stirring outer shell, and the stirring outer shell is provided with a stirring material inlet and a stirring material outlet; the stirring material inlet is connected with the first discharge hole in a sealing mode, the second feed hole is connected with the stirring material outlet in a sealing mode, and the fermentation inlet is connected with the second discharge hole in a sealing mode.
3. The closed feeding system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top of the stirring device is provided with a stirring tank with an upward opening, the stirring tank is internally provided with stirring blades, a discharging channel is arranged between the edge of the opening of the stirring tank and the inner wall of the stirring outer shell, and the material reaches the stirring outlet through the stirring inlet, the stirring tank and the discharging channel.
4. The closed feeding system of claim 1, further comprising a closed conveyor belt mechanism, wherein the closed conveyor belt mechanism comprises a third closed housing and a third conveyor belt, the third housing is provided with a third feeding port and a third discharging port, the third discharging port is connected to the second feeding port, the third conveyor belt is in an arc shape with an upward opening in a cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the material sequentially passes through the third feeding port, the third conveyor belt and the third discharging port to reach the second feeding port.
5. The closed feed system of claim 4, wherein the closed conveyor mechanism comprises a closed third housing, a third conveyor, a first synchronizing wheel, a second synchronizing wheel, a third synchronizing wheel; a third feeding hole and a third discharging hole are respectively formed in the two ends of the third shell, the third discharging hole is connected to the first feeding hole, an arc-shaped hole with an upward arc-shaped opening is formed in the end face of one end, close to the third feeding hole, of the third shell, and an outlet hole is formed in the bottom face of one side, close to the third discharging hole, of the third shell; the first synchronous wheel is arranged outside the third shell and on one side of the arc-shaped hole, and the top end of the first synchronous wheel is higher than the arc-shaped hole; the second synchronizing wheel is arranged on one side, close to the third discharge hole, in the third shell and is a saddle wheel; the third synchronizing wheel is arranged outside the third shell, the bottom end of the third synchronizing wheel is lower than the third shell, and the third conveyor belt sequentially passes through the first synchronizing wheel, the arc-shaped hole, the second synchronizing wheel, the outlet hole, the third synchronizing wheel and the first synchronizing wheel.
6. The closed feed system of claim 5, wherein the third housing has a negative pressure device connected to the third housing interior communicating with the outdoor environment.
7. The closed feeding system of claim 4, further comprising more than one fourth conveying mechanism disposed in sealed connection at the upstream of the closed conveyor belt mechanism, wherein the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth housing and a helical blade disposed in the fourth housing and driven to screw-convey the material, and a fourth feeding port and a fourth discharging port are disposed on the fourth housing; or the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a plurality of scrapers which are arranged in the shell and driven to move to convey materials, and a fourth feeding hole and a fourth discharging hole are formed in the fourth shell; or, the fourth conveying mechanism comprises a closed fourth shell and a conveying belt, the fourth shell is provided with a fourth feeding hole and a fourth discharging hole, the conveying belt is in an arc shape with an upward opening on the cross section perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the materials sequentially pass through the fourth feeding hole and the conveying belt to reach the fourth discharging hole.
8. The closed feeding system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a collection and maintenance device, wherein the collection and maintenance device comprises a collection chamber, a maintenance door is disposed on one side of the collection chamber, the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism is supported in the collection chamber, and a drain hole is disposed at the bottom end of the feeding port side of the second conveying mechanism.
9. The closed feeding system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first conveying mechanism is arranged obliquely, and the first discharging port end is lower than the first feeding port end.
10. The closed feeding system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a negative pressure exhaust mechanism is further provided at the upper part of the fermentation equipment.
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| CN202111522284.7A CN114180314B (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Closed feeding system |
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