CN114179632A - Vehicle power supply system, power supply method and vehicle - Google Patents

Vehicle power supply system, power supply method and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114179632A
CN114179632A CN202111505530.8A CN202111505530A CN114179632A CN 114179632 A CN114179632 A CN 114179632A CN 202111505530 A CN202111505530 A CN 202111505530A CN 114179632 A CN114179632 A CN 114179632A
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China
Prior art keywords
super capacitor
electric quantity
quantity value
vehicle
battery
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Pending
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CN202111505530.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄茁
刘净
田冠男
何艳则
张关良
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111505530.8A priority Critical patent/CN114179632A/en
Publication of CN114179632A publication Critical patent/CN114179632A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/50—Charging of capacitors, supercapacitors, ultra-capacitors or double layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a vehicle power supply system, which comprises a first super capacitor, a second super capacitor, a braking energy recovery unit, a battery and a control unit. The first super capacitor is used for storing electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit. And when the vehicle is in an acceleration running state, the second super capacitor supplies power to the motor. When the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state, the battery supplies power to the motor. This vehicle power supply system adopts the hybrid power of ultracapacitor system and battery, not only can improve power supply system to the recovery efficiency of braking energy to and make the vehicle possess stronger urgent acceleration dynamic performance when accelerating, can also prolong battery and whole power supply system's life-span, reduce the use cost of vehicle.

Description

Vehicle power supply system, power supply method and vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technologies, and in particular, to a vehicle power supply system, a power supply method, and a vehicle.
Background
At present, a new energy electrically driven automobile usually adopts a pure battery power supply mode or a hybrid power mode of an internal combustion engine and a battery, wherein the battery generally adopts a lithium battery.
Because the charge and discharge power and the efficiency of the lithium battery are lower, in order to meet the scenes of emergency acceleration and emergency deceleration energy recovery in the automobile use scene, the lithium battery with large capacity and high multiplying power is required to be equipped, so that the weight of the battery is larger, and the cost is higher. In addition, during the use process, the battery load changes greatly, and large current discharges frequently, so that the service life of the battery is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a vehicle power supply system that efficiently recovers braking energy and performs short-time high-power discharge when a vehicle is accelerated.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a vehicle power supply system, the power supply system comprising a first supercapacitor, a second supercapacitor, a braking energy recovery unit, and a battery;
the braking energy recovery unit is electrically connected with the first supercapacitor and is used for charging the first supercapacitor;
the second supercapacitor is electrically connected with the motor, and the second supercapacitor is used for: when the vehicle is in an acceleration driving state, supplying power to the motor;
the battery is electrically connected with the motor, the battery is used for: when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state, supplying power to the motor;
the first super capacitor is electrically connected with the second super capacitor, and the first super capacitor is used for charging the second super capacitor when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a non-full electric value.
Optionally, the second supercapacitor powering the electric machine is in a target discharge state when the vehicle is in a non-accelerating state.
Optionally, the battery is electrically connected to the second supercapacitor;
the battery is further configured to: and when the first super capacitor charges the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor does not reach the full electric quantity value at the moment, charging the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
Optionally, the first supercapacitor is electrically connected to the battery;
the first supercapacitor is further configured to: and when the second super capacitor is charged until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches a full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, charging the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a vehicle power supply method, which is applied to the vehicle power supply system provided in the above embodiments, the method including:
charging the first supercapacitor with the braking energy recovery unit;
when the vehicle is in an acceleration driving state, controlling the second super capacitor to supply power to the motor;
when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state, controlling the battery to supply power to the motor;
when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a non-full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the second super capacitor;
optionally, the method further comprises:
determining whether the second supercapacitor is in a target discharge state based on the electric quantity of the second supercapacitor;
and if the second super capacitor is not in the target discharge state, controlling the first super capacitor or the battery to charge the second super capacitor so as to ensure that the second super capacitor is in the target discharge state when the motor is powered on.
Optionally, before controlling the first supercapacitor to charge the second supercapacitor, the method further includes:
judging whether the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value or not;
if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0;
and if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the second super capacitor.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor at the moment does not reach the full electric quantity value, the battery is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches a full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a vehicle including the vehicle power supply system provided in the above-described embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle power supply system, which comprises a first super capacitor, a second super capacitor, a braking energy recovery unit, a battery and a control unit. The first super capacitor is used for storing electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit, and meanwhile, the first super capacitor is also used for charging the second super capacitor. And when the vehicle is in an acceleration running state, the second super capacitor supplies power to the motor. When the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state, the battery supplies power to the motor. The hybrid power supply of ultracapacitor system and battery is adopted to this vehicle power supply system, can not only improve power supply system like this to the recovery efficiency of braking energy to and enable the vehicle to possess stronger urgent acceleration dynamic performance when accelerating, can also prolong battery and whole power supply system's life-span, reduce the use cost of vehicle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a charging and discharging flow chart of a first super capacitor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a charging and discharging flow chart of a second super capacitor provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a vehicle power supply method applied to a vehicle power supply system according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in the figures are denoted respectively by:
1-a first supercapacitor; 2-a second supercapacitor; 3-a braking energy recovery unit; 4-a battery; 5-motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Some technical terms appearing in the embodiments of the present application are explained below.
In the embodiments of the present application, reference to "super capacitor" generally refers to a new type of energy storage device interposed between a conventional capacitor and a rechargeable battery. The super capacitor has the power density far beyond that of a lithium battery, the discharge power of the super capacitor with the same weight can reach more than 10 times that of the lithium battery, the service life of the super capacitor is long, the charge and discharge times can reach more than millions of times, and the service life of the super capacitor is far beyond that of the lithium battery for thousands of times.
The reference to a "braking energy recovery unit" generally refers to a unit capable of recovering the excess energy released by the vehicle during braking or coasting and converting it into electrical energy by means of a generator.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will describe the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At present, a new energy electric drive automobile usually adopts a pure battery power supply mode or a hybrid power mode of an internal combustion engine and a battery. Wherein, the battery is generally a lithium battery. The lithium battery has the technical characteristics of high energy density, low power density and low cycle life, so that the existing new energy electric drive automobile has the following defects:
1. because the charging and discharging power and efficiency of the lithium battery are low, in order to meet the scenes of energy recovery of rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration in the using scenes of the automobile, the automobile body needs to be provided with the lithium battery with large capacity and high multiplying power, so that the weight of the battery is larger, the consumed cost is higher, the power consumption and the cost of the electrically-driven automobile are further increased, and the economical efficiency and the environmental protection performance are reduced;
2. in the use process, the battery load changes greatly, the heavy current discharges frequently, the service life of the battery is short, and the battery needs to be replaced for many times in the service life cycle of the automobile.
In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle power supply system, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes a first super capacitor 1, a second super capacitor 2, a braking energy recovery unit 3, and a battery 4.
The braking energy recovery unit 3 is electrically connected to the first supercapacitor 1, and the braking energy recovery unit 3 is configured to charge the first supercapacitor, that is, the first supercapacitor 1 stores electric energy converted from recovered energy.
When the vehicle starts emergency braking at a higher speed, the energy recovery power can reach hundreds of kilowatts, the charging can be completed within a few seconds, and 90% of energy is recovered. However, the charging power of the lithium battery is small, only 20% -30% of energy can be recovered, and it is difficult to completely receive the electric energy recovered by the energy recovery unit. In the embodiment of the present application, the first super capacitor 1 stores the recovered electric energy, so that the recovery efficiency of the power supply system to the braking energy can be improved.
The second supercapacitor 2 is electrically connected to the electric machine 5 and is used to supply power to the electric machine 5 when the vehicle is in an acceleration driving state. The battery 4 is electrically connected to the motor 5, and the battery 4 is used to supply power to the motor 5 when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state. That is, when the vehicle is in an acceleration state, the second super capacitor 2 is a main power supply device of the motor 5, and the second super capacitor 2 can efficiently supply large-current large-power electric energy required by the motor in the acceleration stage. While the battery 4 is the main power supply for the motor 5 when the vehicle is in a non-accelerating state.
Note that the "non-acceleration state" includes a steady running state and a deceleration state. When the vehicle is accelerated, an accelerator pedal of the vehicle sends out an acceleration instruction, and the current vehicle is determined to be in an acceleration state based on the acceleration instruction.
The first super capacitor 1 is electrically connected with the second super capacitor 2, and the first super capacitor 1 is used for charging the second super capacitor 2 when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 is not a full electric quantity value, so as to ensure that the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 can be higher when the vehicle is accelerated, and high-current high-power electric energy required by the motor in an acceleration stage is efficiently provided, so that the vehicle has stronger rapid acceleration power performance.
It should be further noted that, in the use process of the vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application, a control system on the vehicle body is required to control the charging and discharging processes of the first super capacitor, the second super capacitor and the battery, so as to realize respective uses of the first super capacitor, the second super capacitor and the battery.
The vehicle power supply system that this application embodiment provided adopts hybrid power supply of ultracapacitor system and lithium cell, shares the partial work of battery through making two ultracapacitor systems, and the battery only is used for the power supply of the vehicle of non-acceleration state for the load of lithium cell becomes mildly, charges and discharges with more stable electric current, thereby has prolonged lithium ion battery and whole energy system's life, has reduced new energy automobile's use cost.
In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the first super capacitor is used for storing the electric energy converted from the energy recovered by the braking energy recovery unit, and the second super capacitor is used for supplying power to the motor when the vehicle accelerates, so that the use requirement of the vehicle is met by setting reasonable charge and discharge control logic. And meanwhile, two super capacitors are adopted, so that the super capacitor with smaller capacity can meet the use requirement, the capacity requirement on the super capacitor is effectively reduced, and the cost is reduced. And the two super capacitors have different division of power and are independent and do not influence each other.
In view of the large amount of energy required for accelerating the vehicle, the power supply device is preferably capable of full power discharge, and in the present embodiment, the second supercapacitor 2 for powering the electric motor 5 is in the target discharge state when the vehicle is in the acceleration state. The second super capacitor 2 is in the target discharge state, which means that the electric quantity of the second super capacitor 2 is sufficient at this time, for example, a discharge threshold may be set, and when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 is greater than or equal to the discharge threshold, it indicates that the second super capacitor 2 is in the target discharge state, and the power supply requirement of the motor during vehicle acceleration may be satisfied. The discharge threshold may be 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or the like of the full charge value of the second supercapacitor, and the specific size of the discharge threshold may be set according to practical situations, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the battery 4 may also be electrically connected to the first supercapacitor 1 and the second supercapacitor 2, respectively, so as to be used for storing electric energy from the supercapacitor 1 under certain conditions and charging the second supercapacitor 2 under certain conditions.
In order to ensure that the second super capacitor for supplying power to the motor is in the target discharge state when the vehicle is in the acceleration state, in the embodiment of the present application, the electric quantity of the second super capacitor 2 may be monitored, and when the electric quantity of the second super capacitor 2 is detected to be lower than the discharge threshold, the first super capacitor 1 or the battery 4 may be used to charge the super capacitor 2, so that the electric quantity of the super capacitor 2 is maintained in a higher state.
Optionally, the battery is further configured to: when the first super capacitor 1 charges the second super capacitor 2 until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor 1 is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 at this time does not reach the full electric quantity value, the second super capacitor 2 is charged until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 reaches the full electric quantity value.
That is, in the embodiment of the present application, both the first super capacitor 1 and the battery 4 can charge the second super capacitor 2, but the first super capacitor 1 preferentially charges the second super capacitor 2 compared to the battery 4, which is set because the discharging efficiency of the super capacitor 1 is higher compared to the battery 4, and the charging of the second super capacitor 2 can be completed in a short time, so that the second super capacitor 2 can better supply power to the motor 5 when the vehicle is in an acceleration state. If the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor 1 is 0 and the second super capacitor 2 is not fully charged at this time, the battery 4 is used for charging the second super capacitor 2 until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 reaches the full electric quantity value, so as to ensure that the second super capacitor 2 can supply power to the motor 5 in a state of higher electric quantity value.
Optionally, the first supercapacitor 1 is further adapted to: and when the second super capacitor is charged until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 reaches the full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor 1 is not 0, charging the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor 1 is 0.
That is, in the present embodiment, the first supercapacitor 1 can charge the second supercapacitor 2 and the battery 4, but the second supercapacitor 2 preferentially receives electric energy from the first supercapacitor compared to the battery 4. If the second super capacitor 2 is fully charged by the first super capacitor 1 and the first super capacitor 1 still has electric quantity, the battery 4 is charged by the first super capacitor 1 until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0, so that the super capacitor 1 can be sufficiently discharged to ensure that the super capacitor 1 has enough storage margin to receive the electric energy from the braking energy recovery unit 3.
The charging and discharging processes of the first super capacitor and the second super capacitor provided by the embodiment of the present application are specifically described below with reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, respectively.
For the first supercapacitor 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the charging and discharging process of the first supercapacitor 1 may include the following steps:
s201, charging the first super capacitor by the energy recovery unit.
When the vehicle decelerates and brakes, the vehicle generates kinetic energy, and the braking energy recovery unit 3 converts the energy into electric energy and directly provides the electric energy to the first capacitor 1 to charge the first capacitor 1.
It should be noted that, after the brake pedal triggers the braking instruction, the braking energy recovery unit 3 recovers the braking energy, and directly provides the electric energy converted from the braking energy to the first supercapacitor 1. The amount of energy recovered by the braking energy recovery unit is determined by the vehicle speed during braking, that is, the electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit each time is more or less, and is not specific.
S202, judging whether the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value.
And S203, if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not the full electric quantity value at the moment, the first super capacitor charges the second super capacitor.
S2031, judging whether the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 or not when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is the full electric quantity value.
S2032, if the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, the first super capacitor charges the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
The electric quantity value of the first supercapacitor 1 is 0, indicating that the first supercapacitor 1 is completely discharged, and therefore the first supercapacitor 1 is in a charging cycle.
And S204, if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is the full electric quantity value at the moment, the first super capacitor charges the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
S205, the first super capacitor is in a charging period.
The electric quantity value of the first supercapacitor is 0, indicating that the first supercapacitor is completely discharged, and therefore, the first supercapacitor is in a charging cycle.
In the above charging and discharging process of the first super capacitor 1, as long as the first super capacitor 1 has the electric quantity, the first super capacitor 1 is discharged, or the second super capacitor 2 is charged, or the battery 4 is charged, wherein the charging order of the second super capacitor 2 is prior to the battery 4. Through the steps, the first super capacitor can be guaranteed to preferentially charge the second super capacitor, and the first super capacitor can be guaranteed to be fully discharged, so that enough storage allowance is guaranteed to receive the electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit.
For the second supercapacitor 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the charge and discharge process of the second supercapacitor 2 includes:
and S301, when the vehicle is in an acceleration state, the second super capacitor supplies power to the motor.
When the vehicle is in an acceleration state, the second supercapacitor 2 supplies power to the motor 5, thereby efficiently supplying large-current and high-power electric energy required by the motor in an acceleration stage.
S302, judging whether the second super capacitor is in a target discharge state.
In the embodiment of the application, when the electric quantity value of the second supercapacitor 2 is greater than or equal to the discharge threshold, it indicates that the second supercapacitor 2 is in the target discharge state, and the power supply requirement of the motor during vehicle acceleration can be met. The discharge threshold may be 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85% of the full charge value of the second supercapacitor, etc.
And S303, if the second super capacitor is in the target discharge state at the moment, the second super capacitor is in the discharge period.
The second super capacitor is in the target discharge state, which means that the electric quantity of the second super capacitor is sufficient, and the motor can be supplied with power at high power when the vehicle accelerates, so that the second super capacitor is in the discharge cycle at this time.
And S304, if the second super capacitor is not in the target discharge state at the moment, charging the second super capacitor.
If the second supercapacitor 2 is not in the target discharge state, it means that the electric quantity value of the second supercapacitor 2 is relatively low, and the motor cannot be supplied with high power when the vehicle is accelerated, so that the second supercapacitor 2 needs to be charged in time.
S305, judging whether the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 or not.
And S306, if the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, the first super capacitor charges the second super capacitor.
S3061, judging whether the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value or not when the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
S3062, if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not the full electric quantity value, the battery charges the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
The electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value, which means that the electric quantity of the second super capacitor is sufficient, and the motor can be supplied with power in a high-power mode when the vehicle accelerates, so that the second super capacitor is in a discharge cycle at the moment.
And S307, if the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0, the battery charges the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
And S308, the second super capacitor is in a discharging period.
The electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value, which means that the electric quantity of the second super capacitor is sufficient, and the motor can be supplied with power in a high-power mode when the vehicle accelerates, so that the second super capacitor is in a discharge cycle at the moment.
Both the first supercapacitor 1 and the battery 4 can be charged with the second supercapacitor 2, but the first supercapacitor 1 charges the second supercapacitor 2 preferentially to the battery 4. Through the steps, the first super capacitor 1 can be guaranteed to preferentially charge the second super capacitor 2, and the first super capacitor 1 can be guaranteed to be sufficiently discharged, so that enough storage allowance is guaranteed to receive electric energy provided by the braking energy unit.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle power supply method, which is used in the vehicle power supply system provided in the above embodiment, and as shown in fig. 4, the method includes the following steps:
s401, charging the first super capacitor by using the braking energy recovery unit.
When the vehicle starts emergency braking at a higher speed, the energy recovery power can reach hundreds of kilowatts, the charging can be completed within a few seconds, and 90% of energy is recovered. However, the lithium battery has small charging power, and can only recover 20% -30% of energy, and it is difficult to completely receive the electric energy recovered by the energy recovery unit. In the embodiment of the application, the first super capacitor 1 stores the electric energy recovered by the braking energy recovery unit 3, so that the recovery efficiency of the power supply system on the braking energy can be improved.
S402, when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not a full electric quantity value, the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor.
When the electric quantity value of second ultracapacitor system is not full electric quantity value, control first ultracapacitor system and charge the second ultracapacitor system to when guaranteeing that the vehicle is in acceleration, the electric quantity value of second ultracapacitor system 2 can be higher, thereby supplies power for the motor when the vehicle acceleration state better.
And S403, controlling the second super capacitor to supply power to the motor when the vehicle is in an acceleration running state.
The second supercapacitor 2 is the main power supply for the electric machine 5 when the vehicle is in acceleration, so that the large-current, high-power electric energy required by the electric machine during acceleration can be supplied at high power.
And S404, controlling the battery to supply power to the motor when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state.
The battery 4 is only used for supplying power to the motor 5 when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration state, so that the load of the lithium ion battery becomes mild, the charging and discharging can be performed with relatively stable current, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
According to the vehicle power supply method provided by the embodiment of the application, the first super capacitor is used for storing the electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit, so that the recovery efficiency of the power supply system on the braking energy can be improved. When the vehicle is in an acceleration state, the second super capacitor is used for supplying power to the motor, so that high-current and high-power electric energy required by the motor in an acceleration stage can be provided more efficiently, the vehicle has stronger rapid acceleration power performance, and the battery is used for supplying power to the motor only when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration state, so that the load of the lithium ion battery becomes mild, the charging and discharging are carried out by more stable current, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
Optionally, before controlling the second supercapacitor to supply power to the motor, the method further comprises:
and judging whether the second super capacitor is in a target discharge state or not based on the electric quantity of the second super capacitor, and if the second super capacitor is not in the target discharge state, controlling the first super capacitor or the battery to charge the second super capacitor so as to ensure that the second super capacitor is in the target discharge state when the motor is powered.
Through the setting, the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is higher when the vehicle accelerates, so that high-current high-power electric energy required by the motor in the acceleration stage is provided at high power, and the vehicle has stronger rapid acceleration power performance.
Optionally, before controlling the first supercapacitor to charge the second supercapacitor, the method further comprises:
judging whether the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value or not;
if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0;
and if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the second super capacitor.
That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the first supercapacitor 1 can charge the second supercapacitor 2 and the battery 4, but the second supercapacitor 2 preferentially receives the electric energy from the first supercapacitor compared to the battery 4. If the second super capacitor 2 is fully charged by the first super capacitor 1 and the first super capacitor 1 still has electric quantity, the battery 4 is charged by the first super capacitor 1 until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0, that is, the super capacitor 1 can be fully discharged, so as to ensure that the super capacitor 1 can have enough storage margin to receive the electric energy from the braking energy recovery unit.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor at the moment still does not reach the full electric quantity value, the battery is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
Through the steps, the second super capacitor 2 is charged by the first super capacitor 1 and the battery 4, so that the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor 2 can be continuously maintained in a high state, and when the vehicle accelerates, large-current and high-power electric energy required by the motor in the acceleration stage can be provided at high power.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
On the basis of ensuring that the first supercapacitor 1 preferentially charges the second supercapacitor 2, it is also required to ensure that the first supercapacitor 1 can reserve a storage margin for receiving the electric energy provided by the braking energy recovery unit 3, and by the setting, the first supercapacitor 1 can be fully discharged, so that the supercapacitor 1 has a sufficient storage margin to receive the electric energy from the braking energy recovery unit 3.
The embodiment of the application also comprises a vehicle which comprises the vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment.
In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the present application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A vehicle power supply system is characterized in that the power supply system comprises a first super capacitor, a second super capacitor, a braking energy recovery unit and a battery;
the braking energy recovery unit is electrically connected with the first supercapacitor and is used for charging the first supercapacitor;
the second supercapacitor is electrically connected with the motor, and the second supercapacitor is used for: when the vehicle is in an acceleration state, supplying power to the motor;
the battery is electrically connected with the motor, the battery is used for: supplying power to the motor when the vehicle is in a non-accelerating state;
the first super capacitor is electrically connected with the second super capacitor, and the first super capacitor is used for charging the second super capacitor when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a non-full electric value.
2. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 1, wherein the second ultracapacitor powering the electric machine is in a target discharge state when the vehicle is in a non-accelerating state.
3. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 1, wherein the battery is electrically connected to the second ultracapacitor;
the battery is further configured to: and when the first super capacitor charges the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor does not reach the full electric quantity value at the moment, charging the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
4. The vehicle electrical power supply system of claim 1, wherein the first ultracapacitor is electrically connected to the battery;
the first supercapacitor is further configured to: and when the second super capacitor is charged until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches a full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, charging the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
5. A vehicle power supply method characterized by being applied to the vehicle power supply system of claims 1-4, the method comprising:
charging the first supercapacitor with the braking energy recovery unit;
when the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a non-full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the second super capacitor;
when the vehicle is in an acceleration driving state, controlling the second super capacitor to supply power to the motor;
and when the vehicle is in a non-acceleration running state, controlling the battery to supply power to the motor.
6. The vehicle power supply method according to claim 5, wherein before controlling the second supercapacitor to supply power to the motor, the method further comprises:
determining whether the second supercapacitor is in a target discharge state based on the electric quantity of the second supercapacitor;
and if the second super capacitor is not in the target discharge state, controlling the first super capacitor or the battery to charge the second super capacitor so as to ensure that the second super capacitor is in the target discharge state when the motor is powered on.
7. The vehicle power supply method according to claim 5,
before controlling the first supercapacitor to charge the second supercapacitor, the method further comprises:
judging whether the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value or not;
if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0;
and if the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor is not a full electric quantity value, controlling the first super capacitor to charge the second super capacitor.
8. The vehicle power supply method according to claim 5, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0 and the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor at the moment does not reach the full electric quantity value, the battery is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches the full electric quantity value.
9. The vehicle power supply method according to claim 5, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and when the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the second super capacitor until the electric quantity value of the second super capacitor reaches a full electric quantity value and the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is not 0, the first super capacitor is controlled to charge the battery until the electric quantity value of the first super capacitor is 0.
10. Vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a vehicle power supply system according to claims 1-4.
CN202111505530.8A 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Vehicle power supply system, power supply method and vehicle Pending CN114179632A (en)

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