CN114164025A - Blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method - Google Patents
Blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114164025A CN114164025A CN202111296259.1A CN202111296259A CN114164025A CN 114164025 A CN114164025 A CN 114164025A CN 202111296259 A CN202111296259 A CN 202111296259A CN 114164025 A CN114164025 A CN 114164025A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
- C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/34—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method, which comprises the following steps: gas transport, organic sulfur conversion and inorganic sulfur removal. The invention adopts a blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method, can remove sulfides in the blast furnace gas at the front end of a user, meets the emission standard after combustion, and reduces the sulfur dioxide content in the discharged flue gas to 35mg/Nm3The requirement of the country on the environmental-friendly emission index of the steel industry is further met; and the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas of the user end can be removed through the front end, the dispersed treatment of the flue gas of each user point at the rear section is reduced, the equipment is simplified, the occupied area is less, the generated desulfurized iron-based adsorbent can be used as pellets at an iron-making working section or a sintering workshop ingredient, and the waste residue discharge amount in the desulfurization process is greatly reduced. The invention is suitable for the technical field of blast furnace gas fine desulfurization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace gas fine desulfurization, and particularly relates to a blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method.
Background
At present, China is bigThe emission limit of gas pollutants is more and more strict, the pollutant emission indexes of most pollution discharge industries are more and more strict, in 4 months in 2019, the department of ecological environment and the like jointly release 'opinions about promoting and implementing ultralow emission of the steel industry' (the opinions for short), the steel industry formally enters the 'ultralow emission' era, and users of blast furnace hot blast furnaces, steel rolling heating furnaces, gas power generation and the like all require burning of tail gas SO2Reach an ultra-low emission limit, SO2Emission limit of 50mg/m3。
Iron and steel enterprises can generate a large amount of blast furnace gas in the blast furnace ironmaking process, and the ton yield can reach 1700-1800 Nm3The combustible gas is the combustible gas with the largest output in the steel enterprises, and can be used as fuel for downstream user units, such as hot rolled steel ingots, preheated steel ladles, power generation boiler fuel of self-contained power plants and the like. The blast furnace gas contains carbon dioxide (6-12%), carbon monoxide (28-33%), hydrogen (1-4%) and nitrogen (55-60%), and also contains partial sulfur-containing substances, the main components of which are organic sulfur and inorganic sulfur, and the total sulfur concentration is 100-200 mg/Nm3. Inorganic sulfur as H2S is the main one, and organic sulfur is carbonyl sulfide (COS, CS)2) In addition, there are small amounts of carbon disulfide, thioether, thiol, thiophene, and the like.
The current technical route mainly comprises source control and tail end treatment after combustion, if a tail end treatment mode is adopted, desulfurization facilities need to be arranged at multiple points, and meanwhile, the amount of waste gas generated after gas combustion is large, so that the scale of a tail end tail gas treatment facility is directly enlarged, and the investment cost is increased. If a source control mode is adopted, the source control of the blast furnace gas is implemented, the sulfur content in the fuel gas is reduced, the pressure of the tail end treatment can be greatly reduced, and even tail end treatment facilities can be omitted. And related policies of national and local business are advocated for source governance. Nowadays, under the conditions of increasingly strict emission standard limit of sulfur dioxide in the steel industry and increasingly strict emission requirements of enterprises in China, the source treatment of blast furnace gas needs to be developed, and technologies and devices for purifying the source blast furnace gas, especially for removing inorganic sulfur and organic sulfur in the source blast furnace gas are needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method which can remove sulfides from blast furnace gas from the source, ensure that sulfur dioxide in flue gas of rear-end users taking the blast furnace gas as fuel is removed to meet emission standards, and an iron-based waste adsorbent generated by desulfurization and adsorption can be used as an iron-making section pellet or a sintering workshop ingredient, so that the waste residue emission in fine desulfurization production is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides the following solutions:
a blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method, comprising the steps of:
s1: conveying coal gas: dividing the blast furnace gas after dust removal into two parts, wherein the first part of the blast furnace gas after dust removal is conveyed to an organic sulfur conversion device through a gas conveying system before conversion, and the second part of the blast furnace gas after conversion is conveyed to an inorganic sulfur removal device through a TRT/BPRT/temperature and pressure reduction valve bank and a converted gas conveying system;
s2: organic sulfur conversion: the first blast furnace gas after dust removal is preheated to a temperature above the dew point temperature of the blast furnace gas by a preheating device, then enters an organic sulfur conversion device, passes through a first-stage dust suppression dechlorination device from bottom to top to enable the blast furnace gas to be fully contacted with a dust suppression dechlorination agent in an absorption area, and chloride ions and dust in the blast furnace flue gas are captured and absorbed to obtain purified blast furnace gas; the purified blast furnace gas enters a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis organic sulfur conversion area to ensure that the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent in a reaction area, and the organic sulfur in the blast furnace gas reacts with the hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent to be converted into H2The S gas obtains converted blast furnace gas, and the converted blast furnace gas enters a TRT/BPRT/temperature-reducing pressure-reducing valve bank through a bypass system;
s3: inorganic sulfur removal: the blast furnace gas after conversion passes through a TRT/BPRT/temperature-reducing pressure-reducing valve bank, then enters an inorganic sulfur desulfurization device from bottom to top through a converted bypass conveying system, fully contacts with an inorganic sulfur remover to obtain the blast furnace gas after inorganic sulfur removal, and then enters each blast furnace gas user point through a converted bypass system.
In an embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the temperature of the blast furnace gas after dust removal is greater than 90 ℃, the pressure is 200-250 kPa, and H is2The S content is 300mg/Nm3The above.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the method further includes: and raising the temperature of the pre-heated blast furnace gas to more than 90 ℃ for the second time, and then feeding the blast furnace gas into the organic sulfur conversion device.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the organic sulfur includes COS, thiol, thioether, C4H4S and CS2One or more of the above;
the dust concentration in the purified blast furnace gas is 10mg/Nm3The content of chloride ions is reduced to be below ppm level;
the dust suppression dechlorinating agent is an aluminum-based carrier catalyst; the hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent takes aluminum base/titanium base as an aluminum base/titanium base carrier catalyst.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the method further includes: the blast furnace gas before entering the inorganic sulfur removal device can enter the device after being cooled and decompressed by a TRT/BPRT/temperature and pressure reducing valve bank, and the temperature of the blast furnace gas before entering the inorganic sulfur removal device is higher than the dew point temperature of the gas by more than 5 ℃ and the pressure is 10-50 kPa.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the desulfurization adsorbent is an iron-based supported catalyst;
h in the blast furnace gas after the inorganic sulfur is removed2The S content is 25mg/Nm3The following.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: and discharging the desulfurization adsorbent from the inorganic sulfur removal device, and using the desulfurization adsorbent for the batching of pellets in an iron-making workshop section or a sintering workshop.
The technical scheme provided by the invention at least brings the following beneficial effects:
(1) the blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method can remove sulfides in the blast furnace gas at the front end of a user, meet the emission standard after combustion, and reduce the sulfur dioxide content in the discharged flue gas to 35mg/Nm3The requirement of the country on the environmental-friendly emission index of the steel industry is further met;
(2) the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas of the user end can be removed through the front end, the dispersed treatment of the flue gas of each user point at the rear section is reduced, the equipment is simplified, the occupied area is less, the generated desulfurized iron-based adsorbent can be used as an iron-making working section pellet or a sintering workshop ingredient, and the waste residue discharge amount in the desulfurization process is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a fine desulfurization method for blast furnace gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the fine desulfurization method for blast furnace gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus for fine desulfurization of blast furnace gas according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. the system comprises a blast furnace gas conversion front bypass valve bank unit, a blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit, a blast furnace gas conversion rear bypass valve bank unit, a blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit and a gas conversion rear bypass valve bank unit, wherein the blast furnace gas organic sulfur removal unit is connected with the blast furnace gas conversion rear bypass valve bank unit;
1-1, a bypass valve bank before conversion, 1-2, a shut-off valve bank before conversion 1, 1-3, a shut-off valve bank before conversion 2, 2-1, a preheating device, 2-2, a primary dust suppression dechlorination area, 2-3, a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area, 2-4, a waste agent discharge port, 3-1, a bypass valve bank after conversion, 3-2, a shut-off valve bank before and after conversion 1, 3-3, a shut-off valve bank after conversion 2, 4-1, an inorganic sulfur removal device and a waste residue discharge port 4-2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The blast furnace gas fine desulfurization is carried out by adopting the device shown in figure 3, and the device comprises a blast furnace gas pre-conversion bypass valve bank unit 1, a blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit 2, a blast furnace gas post-conversion bypass valve bank unit 3 and a blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4.
The blast furnace gas pre-conversion bypass valve bank unit comprises a pre-conversion bypass valve bank 1-1, a pre-conversion shut-off valve bank 1-2 and a pre-conversion shut-off valve bank 1-3.
The blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit comprises a preheating device 2-1, a primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2, a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3 and a waste agent discharge port 2-4.
The blast furnace gas post-conversion bypass valve bank unit comprises a post-conversion bypass valve bank 3-1, a post-conversion shut-off valve bank 3-2 and a post-conversion shut-off valve bank 3-3.
The pre-conversion shut-off valve bank 1-2 of the blast furnace gas pre-conversion bypass valve bank unit 1 is connected with the lower part of a primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2 of the blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit 2, the upper part of the primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2 is connected with the lower part of a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3, and the upper part of the secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3 is connected with the pre-conversion shut-off valve bank 1-3 of the blast furnace gas pre-conversion bypass valve bank unit 1 and returns to a blast furnace gas system.
The post-conversion shut-off valve bank 3-2 of the bypass valve bank unit 3 after the blast furnace gas conversion is connected with the lower part of the blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4-1, and the upper part of the blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4-1 is connected with the post-conversion shut-off valve bank 3-3 of the bypass valve bank unit 3 after the blast furnace gas conversion, and returns to each gas utilization point of the blast furnace gas.
The preheating device 2-1 can adopt an electric heating type and a steam heating type.
The organic sulfur conversion unit 2 and the inorganic sulfur removal unit 4 both adopt a fixed bed technology, and a flow equalizing pore plate is designed inside.
The organic sulfur conversion unit 2, the airspeed of the conversion agent is controlled to be 1000-3000 h-1。
The inorganic sulfur removal unit 4, the air speed of the desulfurizer is controlled to be 1000-2000 h-1。
In a specific embodiment, the device comprises a blast furnace gas pre-conversion bypass valve bank unit 1, a blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit 2, a blast furnace gas post-conversion bypass valve bank unit 3 and a blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4. The blast furnace gas conversion front bypass valve bank unit 1 is accessed from a gas pipeline before a TRT inlet after an original blast furnace gas dedusting outlet, and the blast furnace gas conversion front bypass valve bank unit 1 comprises a conversion front bypass valve bank 1-1, a conversion front shut-off valve bank 1-2 and a conversion front shut-off valve bank 1-3. The original blast furnace gas system is isolated by a bypass valve bank 1-1 before conversion, and the blast furnace gas is connected to the inlet of a blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit 2 through a shut-off valve bank 1-2 before conversion. The blast furnace gas organic sulfur conversion unit 2 is provided with an electric heating preheating device 2-1, the preheating device 2-1 is used when the organic sulfur conversion device is started to be put into operation, and a tower body of the organic sulfur conversion device is divided into a waste agent discharge port 2-4, a primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2 and a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3 from bottom to top. The blast furnace gas switching-off valve group 1-2 is connected with the lower part of a primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2 of the desulphurization device, the upper part of the primary dust suppression dechlorination area 2-2 is connected with the lower part of a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3, the upper part of the secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis reaction area 2-3 is connected with the switching-off valve group 1-3 before switching and returns to a blast furnace gas system, wherein the waste agent discharge port 2-4 is only put into use when the switching agent is replaced. The converted blast furnace gas is cooled and decompressed through TRT, the original blast furnace conveying system is isolated through a converted bypass valve bank 3-1, the converted cooled and decompressed blast furnace gas is connected with the lower part of a blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4-1 through a converted shut-off valve bank 3-2, the upper part of the blast furnace gas inorganic sulfur removal unit 4-1 is connected with the converted shut-off valve bank 3-3, and the gas is returned to each gas utilization point of the blast furnace gas.
The organic sulfur conversion unit 2 and the inorganic sulfur removal unit 4 both adopt a fixed bed technology, and a flow equalizing pore plate is designed inside.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
Example 1
The blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method shown in the attached figure 1 is adopted, and as shown in the figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying coal gas: the blast furnace gas (the temperature is 90-150 ℃, the gas pressure is 250kPa, H) after dust removal2The S content is 70-300 mg/Nm3In the first flow, the total sulfur concentration (only sulfur element) at the blast furnace gas inlet after dust removal is as follows: short-term maximum less than or equal to 280mg/Nm3Average less than or equal to 100mg/Nm within 24h3The sulfur is conveyed to an inlet channel of the organic sulfur conversion device through a pre-conversion bypass conveying system;
the blast furnace gas after the second strand of dedusted blast furnace gas passes through a TRT (blast furnace gas residual pressure turbine power generation device) is conveyed to an inlet channel of the inorganic sulfur removal device through a converted bypass system;
s2 organosulfur conversion: the first blast furnace gas after dust removal is preheated to 90 ℃ by a preheating device and then passes through a first-stage dust suppression dechlorination area from bottom to top, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a dust suppression dechlorination agent in an absorption area, and chloride ions and dust in the blast furnace flue gas are captured and absorbed; the purified blast furnace gas enters a secondary hydrogenolysis organic sulfur conversion area, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a hydrogenolysis conversion agent in a reaction area, and the organic sulfur in the blast furnace gas reacts with the hydrogenolysis conversion agent to be converted into H2S gas and transforming agent airspeed of 2000-3000 h-1Designing, wherein the converted blast furnace gas returns to the front of the TRT through a bypass system;
s3: inorganic sulfur removal: the converted blast furnace gas passes through TRT and then enters an inorganic sulfur desulfurization device from bottom to top through a converted bypass conveying system, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with an iron-based inorganic sulfur remover, and the total sulfur content (only sulfur element) of the removed blast furnace gas outlet is less than or equal to 25mg/m3The converted by-pass system enters each gas user section to ensure that gas burning flue gas SO at each gas outlet2The content is less than or equal to 30mg/m3。
Example 2
The blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method shown in the attached figure 2 comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying coal gas: the blast furnace gas (the temperature is 90-170 ℃, the gas pressure is 190-220 kPa, H) after dust removal2The S content is 20-300 mg/Nm3) The method is divided into two parts, wherein the total sulfur concentration (only hydrogen sulfide) at the inlet of the blast furnace gas after the first part is dedusted: maximum less than or equal to 300mg/Nm3The sulfur is conveyed to an inlet channel of the organic sulfur conversion device through a bypass conveying system before conversion;
the second blast furnace gas after dust removal passes through a BPRT (blast furnace blast energy recovery complete set unit coaxially driven by a gas turbine and a motor), and is conveyed to an inlet channel of the inorganic sulfur removal device through a converted bypass system;
s2: organic sulfur conversion: pre-rising the first blast furnace gas after dust removal by a pre-warming deviceWhen the temperature reaches 90 ℃, the blast furnace gas passes through a first-stage dust suppression dechlorination tower from bottom to top, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a dust suppression dechlorination agent in an absorption zone, and chloride ions and dust in the blast furnace flue gas are captured and absorbed; the purified blast furnace gas enters a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis organic sulfur conversion tower, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a hydrolysis conversion agent in a reaction zone, and the organic sulfur in the blast furnace gas reacts with the hydrolysis conversion agent to be converted into H2S gas and transforming agent airspeed of 1000-2000 h-1Designing, wherein the converted blast furnace gas returns to the front of the BPRT through a bypass system;
s3: inorganic sulfur removal: the converted blast furnace gas passes through BPRT and then enters an inorganic sulfur desulfurization device from bottom to top through a converted bypass conveying system, the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with an iron-based inorganic sulfur remover, and the total sulfur content (in terms of H) at the outlet of the removed blast furnace gas is2S is less than or equal to 20mg/m3The converted by-pass system enters each gas user section to ensure that gas burning flue gas SO at each gas outlet2The content is less than or equal to 30mg/m3。
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The blast furnace gas fine desulfurization method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: conveying coal gas: dividing the blast furnace gas after dust removal into two parts, wherein the first part of the blast furnace gas after dust removal is conveyed to an organic sulfur conversion device through a gas conveying system before conversion, and the second part of the blast furnace gas after conversion is conveyed to an inorganic sulfur removal device through a TRT/BPRT/temperature and pressure reduction valve bank and a converted gas conveying system;
s2: organic sulfur conversion: the first blast furnace gas after dust removal is preheated to a temperature above the dew point temperature of the blast furnace gas by a preheating device, then enters an organic sulfur conversion device, passes through a first-stage dust suppression dechlorination device from bottom to top to enable the blast furnace gas to be fully contacted with a dust suppression dechlorination agent in an absorption zone, and chloride ions and dust in blast furnace flue gas are captured and absorbed to obtain the dust suppression dechlorination agentPurified blast furnace gas; the purified blast furnace gas enters a secondary hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis organic sulfur conversion area to ensure that the blast furnace gas is fully contacted with a hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent in a reaction area, and the organic sulfur in the blast furnace gas reacts with the hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent to be converted into H2The S gas obtains converted blast furnace gas, and the converted blast furnace gas enters a TRT/BPRT/temperature-reducing pressure-reducing valve bank through a bypass system;
s3: inorganic sulfur removal: the blast furnace gas after conversion passes through a TRT/BPRT/temperature-reducing pressure-reducing valve bank, then enters an inorganic sulfur desulfurization device from bottom to top through a converted bypass conveying system, fully contacts with an inorganic sulfur remover to obtain the blast furnace gas after inorganic sulfur removal, and then enters each blast furnace gas user point through a converted bypass system.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the temperature of the dedusted blast furnace gas is greater than 90 ℃, the pressure is 200-250 kPa, H2The S content is 300mg/Nm3The above.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the method further comprises: and raising the temperature of the pre-heated blast furnace gas to more than 90 ℃ for the second time, and then feeding the blast furnace gas into the organic sulfur conversion device.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic sulfur comprises COS, mercaptan, thioether, C in step S24H4S and CS2One or more of the above;
the dust concentration in the purified blast furnace gas is 10mg/Nm3The content of chloride ions is reduced to be below ppm level;
the dust suppression dechlorinating agent is an aluminum-based carrier catalyst; the hydrogenolysis/hydrolysis conversion agent is an aluminum-based/titanium-based supported catalyst.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method further comprises: the blast furnace gas before entering the inorganic sulfur removal device can enter the device after being cooled and decompressed by a TRT/BPRT/temperature and pressure reducing valve bank, and the temperature of the blast furnace gas before entering the inorganic sulfur removal device is higher than the dew point temperature of the gas by more than 5 ℃ and the pressure is 10-50 kPa.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the desulfurization adsorbent is an iron-based supported catalyst;
h in the blast furnace gas after the inorganic sulfur is removed2The S content is 25mg/Nm3The following.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and discharging the desulfurization adsorbent from the inorganic sulfur removal device, and using the desulfurization adsorbent for the batching of pellets in an iron-making workshop section or a sintering workshop.
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