CN114157018B - Distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication - Google Patents
Distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
- H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication, which comprises the following steps: step 1, determining a fault section by adopting a synchronous sampling differential algorithm; step 2, outputting fault current information to an intelligent power distribution terminal; step 3, cutting off faults; and 4, obtaining a fault recovery strategy suitable for the active power distribution network, and clearing faults. According to the invention, a flexible fault recovery method is formulated and generated according to the real-time load rate of the line, and the power supply recovery capability of the distributed FAs is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent distribution network feeder automation, relates to a distributed feeder automation recovery method, and particularly relates to a distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication.
Background
The feeder automation technology is used as an important technical means for improving the power supply reliability of a power grid, after the power distribution network fails, the power supply recovery of a failure section, an isolation failure section and a non-failure section can be rapidly positioned under the condition that little manual intervention is not needed or is only needed, the power failure time of the power distribution network can be effectively reduced, the power supply reliability is further improved, and the feeder automation technology is widely applied to the current power distribution network. Along with the requirements of users on power supply reliability, the intelligent distributed FA starts feeder automation to perform fault processing by relying on a 5G communication network, and utilizes mutual communication, protection cooperation and time sequence cooperation among intelligent terminals to complete accurate positioning of distribution network line sections, fault judgment, isolation and recovery power supply of non-fault sections, so that rapid isolation and self-recovery of faults are realized, the action process of the intelligent distributed FA does not depend on global information of a distribution automation master station, the influence on the power supply reliability is small, and the intelligent distributed FA is more and more concerned by power supply enterprises in the distribution automation construction process. The existing fault recovery strategy technical scheme firstly identifies the connection relation and the switch position in the distribution network and the structure after the network is changed through system modeling and topology analysis; and then, by setting various fault modes and fault numbers, protecting equipment faults and other situations, checking the master station and the distributed FLISR, and obtaining a fault recovery strategy.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: firstly, calculating a fault recovery strategy through mathematical model modeling, such as establishing a quadratic programming load model of a power distribution network for a system in stages, and solving a fault recovery problem by adopting a recursive quadratic programming solution; the other method is to generate a more reliable recovery scheme with previous experience, for example, an expert system is adopted, and expert knowledge of power distribution network fault recovery can be converted into a rule base and reasoning knowledge of the expert system, so that a safe and reliable power supply recovery scheme is formed.
However, when a power distribution network fails, the fault recovery strategy provided by the above technical scheme has the defects of singleness, fixation and the like, and because the number of distributed FA terminals in the power distribution network is large, the distribution range is wide, and only the adjacent relation of adjacent terminals is known, a fixed switch is generally designated to be closed after fault isolation to recover the power supply of a non-fault area, and a flexible fault recovery strategy cannot be formulated and generated according to the real-time load rate of a line.
No prior art publication is found, which is the same or similar to the present invention, upon searching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication, which solves the problems that the existing method has single and fixed fault recovery method and the existing recovery method is not comprehensive and flexible enough.
The invention solves the practical problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
a distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication comprises the following steps:
Step 1, when a line of an active power distribution network fails, determining a failure section by adopting a synchronous sampling differential algorithm;
step 2, based on the fault section determined in the step 1, fault current waveforms before and after line faults are mutually transmitted in a peer-to-peer communication mode, and fault current information is output to the intelligent power distribution terminal;
step3, after receiving the information of the fault current in the step2, the intelligent power distribution terminal judges the occurrence situation of the fault according to whether island protection is started during the fault period of the area where the fault is located and whether DER provides short circuit current, and starts protection conditions after the exit protection of the fault is activated, and the fault is removed;
and 4, after the faults are removed in the step 3, transferring loads at the feeder line where the faults are located according to the load rate of the line, and recursively calculating to the downstream switch according to the residual load power supply capacity in the non-fault area to enable the downstream area to be supplied to enter the fault recovery stage to calculate the opening and closing information of each switch, so that a fault recovery strategy suitable for the active power distribution network is finally obtained, and the faults are cleared.
Moreover, the specific steps of the step 1 include:
(1) Determining whether an overcurrent fault signal appears on the outgoing line switch, if so, tripping the protection, and starting a differential algorithm to determine a fault area; meanwhile, the outgoing line switch is communicated with the adjacent switch and transmits a current waveform and an overcurrent signal;
(2) It is determined whether an overcurrent phenomenon occurs in two adjacent switches. If yes, go to the next step; if the switch on one side of the feeder is over-current and the other side is not over-current, then the fault is located between the two ends of the feeder, and the switches are required to be disconnected; if neither switch is over-current, the fault is not in the feeder;
(3) Through current waveforms of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, I 1R,I1I,I2R,I2I can be calculated by theta 1＝tg-1(I1R/I1I) and theta 2＝tg-1(I2R/I2I); the phase angle can be calculated from the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line; judging and isolating a fault area through current waveforms and phase angle information of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, and if |theta 1-θ2 |epsilon (180 degrees-delta, 180 degrees+delta), wherein delta is an actual error coefficient and simultaneously considers current phase fluctuation caused by line-to-ground capacitance; the fault is located in this feeder section; otherwise, other adjacent switches will be sought;
Wherein, through the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line, the formula for calculating the fault current phase angle is as follows:
Thus, the fault position can be deduced from the phase angles of the current amplitudes I1 and I2 and different line ends;
(4) Continuing to search for the adjacent switch downstream and repeating the step (2) and the step (3) until the fault area is found, and locking the specific position of the fault occurrence area.
Moreover, the specific steps of the step2 include:
(1) The 5G communication module obtains system information. The 5G communication module obtains the static topology model, the dynamic topology model and the overcurrent signal information calculated in the step 1, which is obtained by the current acquisition module;
(2) And (5) self-detecting the communication state. In the communication process, the intelligent distributed FA terminal can perform self-detection on the 5G communication state, and acquire required information to the intelligent power distribution terminal by adopting different logic receiving methods according to the current communication system state. Step (3) is carried out when the communication system state is good, otherwise step (4) is carried out;
(3) And when the 5G wireless communication system is normal, the 5G communication module sends the overcurrent information of the position of the fault and the fault position information to the adjacent feeder intelligent terminals in the form of messages, receives the current detection information from the downstream switch and realizes the exchange of information between the intelligent power distribution terminals at the adjacent switches.
(4) When the 5G system is busy for a short time, the number of replies received in the time of the latest sent topology message is reduced; if the communication quality is reduced to be smaller than the minimum value at this time, the system dynamically updates the time according to the current communication quality information, so that the waiting time of the distributed FA terminal is increased by 10%; the process of increasing the waiting time can be periodically and repeatedly executed, so that the terminal can receive enough information, the current fault message can be successfully sent, and current detection information from a downstream switch is received, and the acquisition of the adjacent switch to the information of the positioning fault area is realized.
Moreover, the specific steps of the step 3 include:
detecting the short-circuit current at the position of the DER in the power distribution network according to the overcurrent switch position information transmitted in the step2, if the DER outlet current is smaller and the overcurrent signal on the DG side switch cannot be captured, executing the step2, otherwise, executing the step 3;
(2) The upstream and downstream switches of the current fault position and the switches of the other distributed power sources connected to the power distribution network are not over-current, and the differential protection algorithm in the step 1 is adopted to start the differential algorithm to determine the fault area;
(3) Since the DER can provide a short-circuit current to a short-circuit point, an overcurrent can be detected at a switch upstream or downstream of the fault location, and the differential protection algorithm in step 1 is started to solve similar fault location problems of the short-circuit fault occurring upstream of one DER or downstream of one DER;
(4) And activating a starting protection condition according to the positioned fault position information, disconnecting a switch at the upstream and downstream of the position of the fault, cutting off the fault, and realizing the isolation of the fault.
The specific method of the step 4 is as follows:
(1) After the fault is isolated in the step 3, a downstream switch of the fault outlet switch sends out a fault signal, and the downstream switch performs communication verification with an adjacent switch in a peer-to-peer communication mode to find a contact switch;
(2) After the tie switch is determined, transferring the load of the feeder line where the fault is located according to the line load rate, judging the residual load power supply capacity in a non-fault area, and determining the opening and closing information of the tie switch group according to the relation among the power supply capacity of the power supply feeder line, the load of a power failure area and the capacity of DER in the area;
(3) Judging whether the recovery strategy can meet the loss capacity according to the opening and closing information of the interconnection switch group, finally obtaining the fault recovery strategy applicable to the active power distribution network, and clearing faults.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
The invention discloses a distributed feeder automation (Feeder Automation, FA) recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication, after a power distribution network fails, the position of the fault is deduced from the current amplitude and phase angles of different line ends through a synchronous sampling differential algorithm according to the current waveforms before and after the fault, the fault is isolated through the short-circuit current signal provided by distributed energy sources (Distributed energy resource, DER) and the magnitude of the outlet current at the fault position, when one feeder outlet switch is tripped from the fault, the downstream switch of the outlet switch sends out the fault signal, and the communication check is carried out with the adjacent switch in a peer-to-peer communication mode to find the contact switch. Each intelligent power distribution terminal judges the electric section where the fault occurs according to the fault current information detected at the self-monitoring switch and the fault current information received from the intelligent power distribution terminal at the downstream switch. At this time, the load of the fault feeder line area is supplied by another feeder line, the relation between the load and the residual on-load power supply capacity in the area is calculated according to the relation between the power supply capacity of the power supply feeder line and the load of the power loss area and the capacity difference of DER in the area, a distributed fault positioning, isolating and recovering (AND SERVICE restoration, FLISR) strategy is worked out according to the relation, a switch which cannot meet the requirement is set as a new contact switch, the downstream area to be supplied is re-calculated in the fault recovering stage of the algorithm, and finally the fault recovering strategy suitable for the active power distribution network is obtained. According to the method, a flexible fault recovery method is formulated and generated according to the real-time load rate of the line, and the power supply recovery capability of the distributed FAs is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fault recovery of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a differential protection algorithm according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of ADN of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
a distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: when the active power distribution network line fails, determining a failure section by adopting a synchronous sampling differential algorithm;
The specific method of the step 1 is as follows:
When the active power distribution network line fails, the capacitive currents at two ends of the failure point are calculated and compared by adopting a synchronous sampling differential algorithm, the waveform curve of the failure current is reduced by a first-order low-pass filter, then the current phase angle after the failure occurs is calculated by a current waveform of 0.5s before the switch trips, and finally the failure area is searched according to the relation of the current phase angles.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific steps of the step 1 include:
(1) Determining whether an overcurrent fault signal appears on the outgoing line switch, if so, tripping the protection, and starting a differential algorithm to determine a fault area; meanwhile, the outgoing line switch communicates with the adjacent switch and transmits a current waveform and an overcurrent signal.
(2) It is determined whether an overcurrent phenomenon occurs in two adjacent switches. If yes, go to the next step; if the switch on one side of the feeder is over-current and the other side is not over-current, then the fault is located between the two ends of the feeder, and the switches are required to be disconnected; if neither switch is over-current, the fault is not in this feeder.
(3) Through current waveforms of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, I 1R,I1I,I2R,I2I can be calculated by theta 1＝tg-1(I1R/I1I) and theta 2＝tg-1(I2R/I2I); the phase angle can be calculated from the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line; judging and isolating a fault area through current waveforms and phase angle information of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, and if |theta 1-θ2 |epsilon (180 degrees-delta, 180 degrees+delta), wherein delta is an actual error coefficient and simultaneously considers current phase fluctuation caused by line-to-ground capacitance; the fault is located in this feeder section; otherwise, other adjacent switches will be sought;
Wherein, through the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line, the formula for calculating the fault current phase angle is as follows:
in this way the location of the fault can be deduced from the phase angles of the current amplitudes I1, I2 with the different line ends. A schematic of this differential algorithm is shown in fig. 2.
(4) Continuing to search for the adjacent switch downstream and repeating the step (2) and the step (3) until the fault area is found, and locking the specific position of the fault occurrence area.
Step 2, based on the fault section determined in the step 1, fault current waveforms before and after line faults are mutually transmitted in a peer-to-peer communication mode, and fault current information is output to the intelligent power distribution terminal;
In this embodiment, during the communication process, the intelligent distributed FA terminal may perform self-detection on the 5G communication state, and send and obtain the required information by using different logic acceptance methods according to the current communication system state.
The specific steps of the step2 include:
(1) The 5G communication module obtains system information. The 5G communication module obtains the static topology model, the dynamic topology model and the overcurrent signal information calculated in the step 1, which is obtained by the current acquisition module;
(2) And (5) self-detecting the communication state. In the communication process, the intelligent distributed FA terminal can perform self-detection on the 5G communication state, and acquire required information to the intelligent power distribution terminal by adopting different logic receiving methods according to the current communication system state. Step (3) is carried out when the communication system state is good, otherwise step (4) is carried out;
(3) And when the 5G wireless communication system is normal, the 5G communication module sends the overcurrent information of the position of the fault and the fault position information to the adjacent feeder intelligent terminals in the form of messages, receives the current detection information from the downstream switch and realizes the exchange of information between the intelligent power distribution terminals at the adjacent switches.
(4) When the 5G system is busy for a short time, the number of replies received in the time of the last topology message sent is reduced. If the communication quality is reduced to less than the minimum value at this time, the system dynamically updates the time according to the current communication quality information, so that the waiting time of the distributed FA terminal is increased by 10%. The above-described process of increasing the waiting time may be periodically repeated to ensure that the terminal can receive enough information. The current fault message can be successfully sent, current detection information from a downstream switch is received, and the acquisition of the adjacent switch to the positioning fault area information is realized.
In the step 2, according to the distributed FA processing method provided by the present invention, when one feeder outlet switch is tripped due to a fault, the downstream switch of the outlet switch will send out a fault signal, and the communication check is performed with the adjacent switch to find the interconnection switch by means of peer-to-peer communication.
In this embodiment, when the feeder automation intelligent terminals communicate with each other, the distributed current information exchanges information between the intelligent power distribution terminals and the intelligent power distribution terminals at the adjacent switch through the peer-to-peer communication network, and each intelligent power distribution terminal judges whether a fault occurs in an electrical section between the monitoring switch and the downstream switch according to the fault current information detected at the self-monitoring switch and the information whether the fault current is detected or not received from the intelligent power distribution terminal at the downstream switch.
And 3, after receiving the information of the fault current in the step2, the intelligent power distribution terminal judges the occurrence situation of the fault according to whether island protection is started during the fault period of the area where the fault is located and whether DER provides short circuit current, and starts protection conditions after the exit protection of the fault is activated, so that the fault is removed.
The specific steps of the step 3 include:
detecting the short-circuit current at the position of the DER in the power distribution network according to the overcurrent switch position information transmitted in the step2, if the DER outlet current is smaller and the overcurrent signal on the DG side switch cannot be captured, executing the step2, otherwise, executing the step 3;
(2) And (3) the upstream and downstream switches at the current fault position and the switches of other distributed power sources connected to the power distribution network are not over-current, and the differential protection algorithm in the step (1) is adopted to start the differential algorithm to determine the fault area.
(3) Since the DERs can provide a short circuit current to the short circuit point, an over-current can be detected at the switch upstream or downstream of the fault location, and the differential protection algorithm in step 1 initiates a solution to the problem of similar fault localization where a short circuit fault occurs upstream of one of the DERs or downstream of one of the DERs.
(4) And activating a starting protection condition according to the positioned fault position information, disconnecting a switch at the upstream and downstream of the position of the fault, cutting off the fault, and realizing the isolation of the fault.
In this embodiment, for an active distribution network (Active distribution network, ADN) system that includes a large number of DER (Distributed Energy Resource, DER), there may be three situations when a fault occurs:
1) Island protection of all distributed power supplies is not enabled.
2) Island protection of a portion of the distributed power supply starts.
3) Island protection of all distributed power sources is enabled.
The distributed power supply (Distributed Generator, DG) capacity and the outlet current during a fault are based on the above three conditions. The protection is activated by the detected over-current signal information when the system DG capacity may be small and the outlet current during the fault may be small such that the over-current signal on the DG side switch cannot be captured.
The start-up protection condition is activated according to a differential protection algorithm by an over-current signal at the outlet switch.
Step 4: after the faults are removed in the step 3, transferring loads at feeder lines where the faults are located according to line load rates, recursively calculating to downstream switches according to residual load power supply capacity in a non-fault area to enable the downstream to-be-supplied area to enter a fault recovery stage to calculate switching information of each switch, finally obtaining a fault recovery strategy suitable for an active power distribution network, and eliminating the faults.
The specific method of the step 4 is as follows:
(1) After the fault is isolated in the step 3, the downstream switch of the fault outlet switch sends out a fault signal, and the communication check is carried out with the adjacent switch in a peer-to-peer communication mode to find the interconnection switch.
(2) After the tie switch is determined, transferring the load of the feeder line where the fault is located according to the line load rate, judging the residual load power supply capacity in a non-fault area, and determining the opening and closing information of the tie switch group according to the relation among the power supply capacity of the power supply feeder line, the load of a power failure area and the capacity of DER in the area;
(3) Judging whether the recovery strategy can meet the loss capacity according to the opening and closing information of the interconnection switch group, finally obtaining the fault recovery strategy applicable to the active power distribution network, and clearing faults.
And judging whether the recovery strategy can meet the loss capacity according to an algorithm of the interconnection switch group for the feeder line with faults, and calculating whether the load in the area can meet the residual on-load power supply capacity according to the load of the feeder line providing the power supply capacity for the feeder line, the power loss area and the capacity difference of DER in the area. If so, the recursive calculation with the downstream switch continues under FLISR policy until it cannot be satisfied. And setting the switch which cannot be met as a new contact switch which is disconnected, so that the downstream power supply waiting area reenters the fault recovery stage of the algorithm to calculate, and finally obtaining a fault recovery strategy suitable for the active power distribution network.
In this embodiment, for a feeder line that has a fault, whether the recovery policy can meet the capacity loss is determined according to an algorithm of the tie switch group, and the fault recovery policy applicable to the active power distribution network is obtained according to the load of the feeder line that provides the power supply capability to the feeder line and the power loss area and the capacity difference of the DER in the area. In multi-connection and multi-branch power distribution networks, IEEE 1547-2003 specifies that the DER cannot supply power as an isolated island after accessing the power distribution network. In this case, the DER connected to the circuit breaker can only be considered a load switch for the power distribution system, not a current circuit breaker. Thus, the DER cannot be considered a new power point in the distribution network during fault recovery, but can only be considered a negative power load in a conventional multi-connection, multi-branch distribution network. Wherein for the three cases in step 3, the distributed processing FLISR strategy can be obtained according to the loads of the feeder line providing the power supply capability and the power-losing area and the capacity difference of DER in the area.
According to the distributed processing method provided by the invention, when one feeder outlet switch is tripped due to a fault, a downstream switch of the outlet switch sends out a fault signal, and the downstream switch performs communication check with an adjacent switch in a peer-to-peer communication mode to find a contact switch. The load of this feeder region will then be entirely powered by the other feeder. If the power supply capacity of the power supply feeder is smaller than the capacity difference between the load of the power-losing area and the DER in the area, namely, the DER is assumed to be a negative load, whether the load in the area can meet the residual load power supply capacity is calculated. If so, the recursive computation continues with the downstream switch until it cannot be satisfied. And setting the switch which cannot be met as a new contact switch which is disconnected, so that the downstream power supply waiting area reenters the fault recovery stage of the algorithm to calculate, and finally obtaining a fault recovery strategy suitable for the active power distribution network.
In this embodiment, in step 4, for the feeder line with a fault, whether the recovery policy can meet the loss capacity is determined according to the algorithm of the tie switch group, and the fault recovery policy applicable to the active power distribution network is obtained according to the load of the feeder line providing the power supply capability and the power loss area and the capacity difference of the DER in the area. In multi-connection and multi-branch power distribution networks, IEEE 1547-2003 specifies that the DER cannot supply power as an isolated island after accessing the power distribution network. In this case, the DER connected to the circuit breaker can only be considered a load switch for the power distribution system, not a current circuit breaker. Thus, the DER cannot be considered a new power point in the distribution network during fault recovery, but can only be considered a negative power load in a conventional multi-connection, multi-branch distribution network.
The load in the feeder area where the fault occurs will all be powered by another feeder, and the power restoration strategy is obtained by recursively calculating the power capacity of the power feeder versus the load in the power loss area and the capacity difference of the DER in that area.
The specific implementation is illustrated by way of example in the system shown in fig. 3. In this active distribution network system, a fault occurs between the load switches 4 and 5. Two distributed energy sources are connected into the power distribution network through the switches 3 and 6 respectively, and the connection of the two distributed energy sources changes the distribution of short-circuit current. The circuit breaker 1 in fig. 3 is a feeder outlet switch. The switch 7 is a junction switch. In the event of a fault, three situations may occur:
1) Island protection of all distributed power supplies is not enabled.
2) Island protection of a portion of the distributed power supply starts.
3) Island protection of all distributed power sources is enabled.
Although the distributed power supply (Distributed Generator, DG) accessing the ADN may be less capacity and the outlet current during a fault may be less unable to capture the over-current signal on the DG side switch, protection may be activated simply by the over-current signal at the outlet switch without requiring a voltage loss signal at each switch. Because the present invention employs a distributed FA process and activates the failed egress protection followed by a startup condition. Therefore, the differential protection proposed in step 1 is applicable to the above three cases, specifically as follows:
1) Case 1: the DER provides a short circuit current to the short circuit point and thus the switches 3, 5 and 6 are over-current, at which point conventional feeder automation cannot handle. The differential protection algorithm proposed in step 1 of the present invention can solve the problem of similar fault localization where short-circuit faults occur upstream of one DER or downstream of one DER. Assuming that the protection in the feeder outlet circuit breaker is a 0s current fast trip protection, the distributed processing FLISR strategy for ADN is given in table 1, based on the feeder supply capacity versus load in the power loss region and the capacity difference of the DER in the region.
TABLE 1 case 1 AND schematic diagram
2) Case 2: when the DER at switch 3 provides a short circuit current and the DER at switch 6 fails to provide a short circuit current, switch 3 is over-current and switches 5 and 6 are non-over-current. Or the DER at switch 6 provides a short circuit current and the DER at switch 3 fails to provide a short circuit current when switches 5 and 6 are in an over-current state and switch 3 is not over-current. Both of these cases can be addressed by the proposed differential protection algorithm. We choose a case where DER at switch 3 provides a short-circuit current and DER at switch 6 fails to provide a short-circuit current. At this time, a detailed strategy of FLISR is given in table 2 according to the difference in capacity of the feeder to provide power supply capacity and the load of the power-losing area and the DER in the area.
TABLE 2 case 2 AND schematic diagram at 2
3) Case 3: no DER provides a short circuit current. At this point, none of switches 3, 5 and 6 is over-current. At this time, the fault condition is the same as that occurring in the traditional distribution network, the traditional feeder automation can be processed, and the differential protection algorithm provided by the invention is effective as well. The distributed processing FLISR strategy of ADN is shown in table 3, based on the difference in capacity of the power supply capacity provided by the feeder line and the load of the power-down area and the DER in the area.
TABLE 3 case 3 AND schematic diagram at 3 hours
Through the distributed processing FLISR strategy, for a failed feeder, according to the load of the feeder providing power supply capability to the failed feeder and the power loss area and the capacity difference of DER in the area, whether the load in the area can meet the residual on-load power supply capability can be calculated. If so, the recursive calculation with the downstream switch continues under FLISR policy until it cannot be satisfied. And setting the switch which cannot be met as a new contact switch which is disconnected, so that the downstream power supply waiting area reenters the fault recovery stage of the algorithm to calculate, and finally obtaining a fault recovery strategy suitable for the active power distribution network. The fault recovery strategy based on the line load rate judges whether the recovery strategy can meet the capacity loss according to the algorithm of the interconnection switch group. Fault recovery of ADN is achieved by the above procedure, as shown in fig. 1.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Claims (4)
1. A distributed feeder automation recovery method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, when a line of an active power distribution network fails, determining a failure section by adopting a synchronous sampling differential algorithm;
step 2, based on the fault section determined in the step 1, fault current waveforms before and after line faults are mutually transmitted in a peer-to-peer communication mode, and fault current information is output to the intelligent power distribution terminal;
step3, after receiving the information of the fault current in the step2, the intelligent power distribution terminal judges the occurrence situation of the fault according to whether island protection is started during the fault period of the area where the fault is located and whether DER provides short circuit current, and starts protection conditions after the exit protection of the fault is activated, and the fault is removed;
Step 4, after the faults are removed in the step 3, transferring loads at feeder lines where the faults are located according to line load rates, recursively calculating to downstream switches according to residual load power supply capacity in a non-fault area to enable the downstream to-be-supplied area to enter a fault recovery stage to calculate opening and closing information of each switch, finally obtaining a fault recovery strategy applicable to an active power distribution network, and clearing the faults;
the specific steps of the step 1 comprise:
(1) Determining whether an overcurrent fault signal appears on the outgoing line switch, if so, tripping the protection, and starting a differential algorithm to determine a fault area; meanwhile, the outgoing line switch is communicated with the adjacent switch and transmits a current waveform and an overcurrent signal;
(2) Determining whether an overcurrent phenomenon occurs in two adjacent switches; if yes, go to the next step; if the switch on one side of the feeder is over-current and the other side is not over-current, then the fault is located between the two ends of the feeder, and the switches are required to be disconnected; if neither switch is over-current, the fault is not in the feeder;
(3) Through current waveforms of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, I 1R,I1I,I2R,I2I can be calculated by theta 1＝tg-1(I1R/I1I) and theta 2＝tg-1(I2R/I2I); the phase angle can be calculated from the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line; judging and isolating a fault area through current waveforms and phase angle information of two adjacent switches before and after the fault, and if |theta 1-θ2 |epsilon (180 degrees-delta, 180 degrees+delta), wherein delta is an actual error coefficient and simultaneously considers current phase fluctuation caused by line-to-ground capacitance; the fault is located in this feeder section; otherwise, other adjacent switches will be sought;
Wherein, through the fault current waveform sampled from both ends of the line, the formula for calculating the fault current phase angle is as follows:
Thus, the fault position can be deduced from the phase angles of the current amplitudes I1 and I2 and different line ends;
(4) Continuing to search for the adjacent switch downstream and repeating the step (2) and the step (3) until the fault area is found, and locking the specific position of the fault occurrence area.
2. A distributed feeder automation restoration method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication according to claim 1, wherein: the specific steps of the step 2 include:
(1) The 5G communication module obtains system information; the 5G communication module obtains the static topology model, the dynamic topology model and the overcurrent signal information calculated in the step 1, which is obtained by the current acquisition module;
(2) Self-detecting a communication state; in the communication process, the intelligent distributed FA terminal can perform self-detection on the 5G communication state, and acquire required information to the intelligent power distribution terminal by adopting different logic receiving methods according to the current communication system state; step (3) is carried out when the communication system state is good, otherwise step (4) is carried out;
(3) When the 5G wireless communication system is normal, the 5G communication module sends overcurrent information of the position where the fault is located and fault position information to the adjacent feeder intelligent terminals in the form of messages, receives current detection information from the downstream switch, and realizes information exchange between intelligent power distribution terminals at the adjacent switch;
(4) When the 5G system is busy for a short time, the number of replies received in the time of the latest sent topology message is reduced; if the communication quality is reduced to be smaller than the minimum value at this time, the system dynamically updates the time according to the current communication quality information, so that the waiting time of the distributed FA terminal is increased by 10%; the process of increasing the waiting time can be periodically and repeatedly executed, so that the terminal can receive enough information, the current fault message can be successfully sent, and current detection information from a downstream switch is received, and the acquisition of the adjacent switch to the fault location area information is realized.
3. A distributed feeder automation restoration method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication according to claim 1, wherein: the specific steps of the step 3 include:
detecting the short-circuit current at the position of the DER in the power distribution network according to the overcurrent switch position information transmitted in the step2, if the DER outlet current is smaller and the overcurrent signal on the DG side switch cannot be captured, executing the step2, otherwise, executing the step 3;
(2) The upstream and downstream switches of the current fault position and the switches of the other distributed power sources connected to the power distribution network are not over-current, and the differential protection algorithm in the step 1 is adopted to start the differential algorithm to determine the fault area;
(3) Since the DER can provide a short-circuit current to a short-circuit point, an overcurrent can be detected at a switch upstream or downstream of the fault location, and the differential protection algorithm in step 1 is started to solve similar fault location problems of the short-circuit fault occurring upstream of one DER or downstream of one DER;
(4) And activating a starting protection condition according to the positioned fault position information, disconnecting a switch at the upstream and downstream of the position of the fault, cutting off the fault, and realizing the isolation of the fault.
4. A distributed feeder automation restoration method based on line load rate and peer-to-peer communication according to claim 1, wherein: the specific method of the step 4 is as follows:
(1) After the fault is isolated in the step 3, a downstream switch of the fault outlet switch sends out a fault signal, and the downstream switch performs communication verification with an adjacent switch in a peer-to-peer communication mode to find a contact switch;
(2) After the tie switch is determined, transferring the load of the feeder line where the fault is located according to the line load rate, judging the residual load power supply capacity in a non-fault area, and determining the opening and closing information of the tie switch group according to the relation among the power supply capacity of the power supply feeder line, the load of a power failure area and the capacity of DER in the area;
(3) Judging whether the recovery strategy can meet the loss capacity according to the opening and closing information of the interconnection switch group, finally obtaining the fault recovery strategy applicable to the active power distribution network, and clearing faults.
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