CN114153146A - Machine-furnace coordination autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler-steam turbine coordination control of thermal power generating units, in particular to a turbine-boiler coordination autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation, which comprises the following steps: and optimizing a coordination control strategy in each mode, adding a primary frequency modulation pressure conversion function to the pressure setting of the pre-machine pressure controller in the CCS-TF mode, and making up the defect of poor primary frequency modulation power response in the TF mode. The invention provides a machine and furnace coordination autonomous switching control method for responding to power grid frequency modulation, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, effectively overcomes the technical defects of the machine and furnace coordination control of a thermal power generating unit under the current frequency modulation pressure, adds an automatic switching coordination control logic in an original thermal power control system, does not need to add new equipment investment, and applies a technology of automatically switching a coordination following mode based on the operation condition of a boiler and a steam turbine, thereby not only ensuring that the primary frequency modulation (AGC) performance and the secondary frequency modulation (AGC) performance of the thermal power generating unit meet the regulation requirements, but also reducing the non-stop of a boiler caused by fuel quantity fluctuation and prolonging the healthy operation period of the boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler-steam engine coordinated control of thermal power units, which utilizes the state of a boiler to automatically change the boiler-steam engine coordinated control mode, is applied to combustion stability control of the thermal power units under the condition of responding to primary and secondary frequency modulation, and is a boiler-steam engine coordinated autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation.
Background
At present, a thermal generator set in China is used as a stable power supply unit to output, and plays an important role in adjusting the frequency of a power grid in order to fully absorb low-carbon and environment-friendly new energy power. In a new energy high-occupancy area, the peak regulation and frequency modulation pressure of the thermal power generating unit is high, when new energy fluctuates, the power grid regulation and control center frequently schedules the peak regulation and frequency modulation pressure as a main power supply to output power through Automatic Generation Control (AGC), which puts forward higher and higher requirements on the performance of the thermal power generating unit in all aspects of control, and the frequent peak regulation unit equipment accelerates fatigue to cause the non-stop frequency of the unit to continuously climb.
In order to quickly respond to the primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation (AGC) control of a power grid, a unit needs to adjust the active power of power generation in time. For thermal power generation, the difference between the characteristics of the control objects of boiler combustion and steam admission of a steam turbine is large, and the coordinated control of parameters such as fuel, air quantity, feed water flow rate on the boiler side, a high-pressure regulating valve on the steam turbine side and the like needs to be completed in time. Thermal power is used as a power type with the strongest stability and supporting capability, is influenced by the fluctuation of new energy power which is maximally absorbed, needs to continuously respond to the change of the frequency modulation power of a power grid, and needs a set of complete and reliable machine-furnace coordination control strategy for frequent fluctuation and delay of a boiler control object.
The unit coordination control strategy is divided into two types, namely boiler following based coordination control (CCS-BF) and steam turbine following based coordination control (CCS-TF), according to different control object distribution modes. The control method is characterized in that the control method can respond to the quick change of the unit power, but the fluctuation of the main steam pressure, fuel quantity, air quantity, water supply flow and the like of the boiler is large, the service life of the boiler is sacrificed to respond to the frequency modulation of a power grid, and power plants which can participate in the peak and frequency modulation all operate in the control method; the latter boiler responds to the active power of the unit, the steam turbine stabilizes the main steam pressure before entering the steam valve, and the mode control is characterized in that the fluctuation of boiler parameters is small, but the requirement of the frequency modulation performance of a power grid cannot be responded in time, so that only a few self-contained thermal power plants which do not participate in the frequency modulation of the power grid adopt the mode.
A control framework is expanded on the basis of one of the two modes selected by the current coordinated control strategy, a CCS-BF mode is generally selected, the control strategy of the CCS-TF mode may not be designed or deleted, a few power plants have the two regulation modes and can be manually switched between the two regulation modes, and in order to adapt to the roles of the power plants in power grid frequency modulation, an autonomous switching control strategy for complementing the advantages and the disadvantages of the two control modes does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a machine and furnace coordination autonomous switching control method for responding to power grid frequency modulation, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, can effectively overcome the technical defects of the machine and furnace coordination control of a thermal power generating unit under the current frequency modulation pressure, adds an automatic switching coordination control logic in a Distributed Control System (DCS) of the original thermal power generating unit, does not need to add new equipment investment, applies a technology of automatically switching a coordination following mode based on the operation condition of a boiler and a steam turbine, and automatically selects a more reasonable operation mode under different operation conditions. The invention complements the advantages and disadvantages of the two control modes, the timely and autonomous switching of the two operation modes can ensure that the primary frequency modulation and the secondary frequency modulation (AGC) performance of the thermal power generating unit can meet the requirements of GB/T30370 'guide rules on primary frequency modulation test and performance acceptance of the thermal power generating unit' and DL/T1210 'regulations on automatic power generation control performance test acceptance of the thermal power plant', simultaneously, the non-stop of the boiler caused by fuel quantity fluctuation is reduced, the minimum fluctuation of the boiler output is kept, the fuel fluctuation and the equipment abrasion are reduced, the thermal stress of equipment such as a boiler water cooling wall, a reheater and the like is fully released, and the healthy operation period of the boiler is prolonged.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a machine furnace coordination autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation comprises the following steps:
step 2, adding a primary frequency modulation pressure conversion function to the pressure setting of the front pressure controller under the CCS-TF mode to make up for the defect of poor primary frequency modulation power response under the mode;
step 3, automatically switching conditions between two modes of CCS-TF and CCS-BF are newly added, wherein the conditions comprise main steam pressure regulation instability of the CCS-BF mode, no power change of the CCS-BF mode for a long time, long-term deviation of power control of a CCS-TF mode unit, frequent power instruction change of the CCS-TF mode unit and power regulation instability judgment;
and 4, setting a judgment boundary for automatic switching according to the characteristics of the unit furnace and the frequency modulation control requirement, and finishing the debugging process of the method.
And 2, restarting coordinated control (CCS-TF) of the following mode of the steam turbine responding to the weak frequency modulation capability of the power grid, converting the rotating speed deviation into a correctable main steam pressure control instruction to act on a set value of a PID (proportion integration differentiation) of the main steam pressure of the steam turbine control, and enabling the next frequency modulation control performance of the CCS-TF to meet the power grid requirement.
And 3, introducing a control logic for realizing autonomous switching by using an SR trigger between boiler following mode coordinated control (CCS-TF) and turbine following mode coordinated control (CCS-BF), and proposing two mode switching conditions considering grid frequency modulation, wherein the conditions A and B for switching from TF to BF mode are preferentially executed to ensure grid frequency modulation response when the conditions conflict.
Step 3, providing an autonomous switching condition a: and calculating the deviation between the actual power instruction and the actual power, and switching the deviation to BF by dividing the deviation by the rated power exceeding a fixed value, namely, the power can not be adjusted in response to the instruction of the grid frequency modulation.
Step 3 above, proposes an autonomous handover condition B: the actual power rate of the unit cannot be better tracked when the peak shaving frequency modulation of the power grid is executed, and the TF can be switched to the BF mode to sacrifice the stability of the boiler and quickly adjust the power.
Step 3, providing an autonomous switching condition C: if no variable power is needed for a long time, the mode can be switched from BF mode to more stable TF mode operation, thereby reducing fuel fluctuation and equipment abrasion.
Step 3, providing an autonomous switching condition D: and when the unstable fluctuation condition occurs, the control strategy can be switched from BF mode to TF mode to stabilize main parameters of the boiler such as main steam pressure and the like.
According to the method, control logic is added in the original DCS of the thermal power generating unit, equipment investment is not needed to be added, the operation mode of the coordinated control system can be flexibly changed according to the peak-load and frequency modulation requirements of the thermal power generating unit, the advantages and the disadvantages of the control modes are complemented, and the fuel quantity fluctuation of the boiler is reduced while primary frequency modulation and secondary frequency modulation are met; after the thermal power generating unit is upgraded and modified by the method, the primary frequency modulation (AGC) performance and the secondary frequency modulation (AGC) performance of the thermal power generating unit can meet the regulation requirements, the non-stop of the boiler caused by fuel quantity fluctuation is reduced, and the healthy operation period of the boiler is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the debugging of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a coordinated control logic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of step 3 of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a logic diagram of step 3 of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
The thermal power generating unit coordinated control system needs to respond to the requirement of power grid frequency modulation, wherein a primary Frequency Modulation (FM) control link and a secondary frequency modulation (AGC) control link are provided, the primary frequency modulation requires that power plants respond to the fact that the power grid frequency deviates from a nominal value in a small range and can be adjusted quickly, the secondary frequency modulation adjusts the active power of each power plant in a large range through power grid scheduling according to an AGC control strategy, and the change of the active power of the thermal power generating unit is represented by the fact that the two carry out response. The coordinated control system sets a control strategy of each subsystem of the unit, gives instructions of corresponding objects of a boiler and a steam turbine controller, the unit needs to adjust energy output by the steam turbine when responding to power grid frequency modulation, the boiler keeps the front main steam pressure of the steam turbine stable by adjusting combustion load, and energy supply and demand balance is always guaranteed, as shown in figure 1.
In order to implement the control strategy of the present invention when the power grid is in frequency modulation and stable operation, the coordinated control logic in the thermal power unit control system needs to be changed, and the implementation steps of the present invention are specifically described below with reference to fig. 2 to 5.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
example (b): the machine furnace coordination autonomous switching control method responding to the power grid frequency modulation comprises the following steps, as shown in detail in FIG. 2:
Step 2, adding a primary frequency modulation pressure conversion function to the pressure setting of the pre-machine pressure controller in the newly-added CCS-TF mode to make up for the defect of poor primary frequency modulation power response in the mode, wherein the pressure frequency modulation function is set to be f (x) { -150, 3; -12, 3; -2, 0; 2, 0; 12, -3; 150, -3, x is the difference between the rotating speed of the steam engine and the correction coefficient f (x) {0.1, 1.2; 0.8, 1.2; 0.9, 1.1; 1, 1; 1.1, 0.9; 1.2, 0.8; 2,0.8},
multiplying (N is actual unit power, Ne is unit rated power, p0 is rated main steam pressure, p is actual main steam pressure), superposing in a main steam pressure setting instruction, changing pressure setting during primary frequency modulation action, indirectly changing unit active power, overcoming the primary frequency modulation control problem of a CCS-TF mode, improving the primary frequency modulation performance of the CCS-TF mode, fully exerting the technical characteristics of the mode for stabilizing boiler parameters, and expanding the application prospect of the mode under the current power grid frequency modulation control pressure. See in detail the logic within the dashed box of fig. 3;
step 3, the conditions for automatically switching the ABCD between the two modes of newly adding the CCS-TF and the CCS-BF include A (long-term deviation of power control of the CCS-TF mode unit), B (frequent change of power instructions and unstable power regulation of the CCS-TF mode unit), C (unstable regulation of main steam pressure of the CCS-BF mode), D (no power change of the CCS-BF mode for a long time), a control logic schematic diagram is shown in detail in FIG. 4, and an SR trigger (set priority) truth table is utilized:
| S | R | OUT |
| 0 | 0 | previous state |
| 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
In order to respond to the requirement of frequent grid frequency modulation change, conditions A and B are provided, namely when long-time deviation occurs in CCS-TF power control, CCS-BF is switched, when the power instruction changes in a CCS-TF mode but the power regulation rate does not meet the requirement, the CCS-BF mode is switched, and a set secondary frequency modulation (AGC) instruction is responded accurately. In order to keep the minimum fluctuation of the boiler output, reduce the fuel fluctuation, equipment abrasion and release the thermal stress, the conditions C and D are provided, namely, if the main steam pressure frequently fluctuates when the unit has no variable power, the fluctuating boiler parameters can be stabilized by switching to a CCS-TF mode, and when the unit has no variable power for a long time, the CCS-TF mode is switched to the stable operation, so that the fluctuation of the boiler parameters caused by a nonlinear control object is eliminated. When the ABCD conditions conflict, the SR trigger can preferentially respond to the AB conditions of the grid frequency modulation requirements, after the AB conditions disappear, the CD conditions trigger the boiler to stably operate, and the whole process is automatically executed. PK1 and PK2 of the operation button KEY BOARD are original manual buttons, CCS-BF can be manually input by clicking PK1, and CCS-TF can be manually input by clicking PK 2; PK3 and PK4 are throw buttons of the autonomous switching logic, clicking PK3 can enable the autonomous switching control, clicking PK4 can quit the autonomous switching control, and the operation is manual. The KEY BOARD instructions are all PK operation instructions in pulse amounts.
The control logic is detailed in fig. 5:
the implementation method of the condition A comprises the following steps: and calculating the deviation between the actual power instruction and the actual power, dividing the deviation by the rated power by-1.5% and delaying for 30 seconds, so that the CCS-TF cannot regulate the power around the power instruction, namely cannot meet the grid frequency modulation, and needs to operate in a switching mode.
The implementation method of the condition B comprises the following steps: b1 condition is that the absolute value (ABS) of the change rate (V) is solved for the actual power instruction and the unit realization power after speed limitation, the absolute value difference divided by the rated power is less than 0.2 percent, which means that the actual change rate is lower than the peak regulation instruction rate by 0.2 percent Ne/min; the condition B2 is that the absolute value (ABS) is obtained after the difference is obtained between the actual power command and the value behind the LEADLAG module with the inertia time of 30 minutes, and the differential quantity is more than 5, which means that the unit is rapidly regulating the peak; the condition B is B1 and B2, which means that the actual power rate of the unit cannot be better tracked when the peak load modulation and frequency modulation of the power grid are carried out, and the power is quickly adjusted by sacrificing the stability of the boiler in a CCS-BF mode.
The implementation method of the condition C comprises the following steps: the determination of a differential of less than 0.02 in B1 triggers this condition, meaning that a more stable CCS-TF regime is switched to without long time varying power requirements, thus reducing fuel fluctuations, equipment wear.
The implementation method of the condition D comprises the following steps: and dividing the deviation of the main steam pressure instruction and the actual value by the rated pressure exceeding 3% and giving a 1-second pulse trigger counter, wherein the differential quantity is more than 4 after the counter outputs the difference between the counting quantity and the value obtained by the LEADLAG module of the inertia time of 60 minutes (3600 seconds), so that the control strategy is switched to boiler main parameters such as the stable main steam pressure in a CCS-TF mode when the unstable fluctuation condition occurs due to the nonlinearity of a boiler control object and other reasons. And when the differential quantity is less than 0.2, the trigger counter and the differential quantity are cleared.
And 4, setting a judgment boundary for automatic switching according to the characteristics of the unit furnace and the frequency modulation control requirement, and finishing the debugging process of the method.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (7)
1. A machine furnace coordination autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, adding a coordination control system based on a turbine following TF mode, and mainly checking whether an original coordination control system is provided with a closed-loop controller for controlling the unit power by boiler fuel quantity, wherein the closed-loop controller is a controller used in a CCS-TF mode, and if the closed-loop controller is not used, the closed-loop controller needs to be added to meet the operation requirement of the coordination control system in the turbine following mode; automatic undisturbed switching control between CCS-BF and CCS-TF modes is realized through mutual manual tracking; optimizing the coordination control strategy in each mode until the control indexes of the two modes meet the index requirements of the regulation requirements;
step 2, adding a primary frequency modulation pressure conversion function to the pressure setting of the front pressure controller under the CCS-TF mode to make up for the defect of poor primary frequency modulation power response under the mode;
step 3, automatically switching conditions between two modes of CCS-TF and CCS-BF are newly added, wherein the conditions comprise main steam pressure regulation instability of the CCS-BF mode, no power change of the CCS-BF mode for a long time, long-term deviation of power control of a CCS-TF mode unit, frequent power instruction change of the CCS-TF mode unit and power regulation instability judgment;
and 4, setting a judgment boundary for automatic switching according to the characteristics of the unit furnace and the frequency modulation control requirement, and finishing the debugging process of the method.
2. The turbine-boiler coordination autonomous switching control method responding to power grid frequency modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that step 2, the coordination control (CCS-TF) of the turbine following mode responding to the weak power grid frequency modulation capability is restarted, and the rotation speed deviation is converted into a correctable main steam pressure control command to act on a set value of a turbine control main steam pressure PID, so that the next frequency modulation control performance of the CCS-TF meets the power grid requirement.
3. The method for controlling coordinated autonomous switching of boiler to boiler in response to grid frequency modulation according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, a control logic for realizing autonomous switching by using an SR trigger is introduced between boiler following mode-based coordinated control (CCS-TF) and turbine following mode-based coordinated control (CCS-BF), two mode switching conditions for grid frequency modulation are proposed, and the conditions A and B for switching from TF to BF mode are preferentially executed in order to ensure grid frequency modulation response when the conditions conflict.
4. The method for controlling coordinated autonomous switching of a turbine and a furnace according to claim 1, wherein step 3 proposes an autonomous switching condition a: and calculating the deviation between the actual power instruction and the actual power, and switching the deviation to BF by dividing the deviation by the rated power exceeding a fixed value, namely, the power can not be adjusted in response to the instruction of the grid frequency modulation.
5. The method for controlling coordinated autonomous switching of a turbine and a furnace according to claim 1, wherein step 3 proposes an autonomous switching condition B: the actual power rate of the unit cannot be better tracked when the peak shaving frequency modulation of the power grid is executed, and the TF can be switched to the BF mode to sacrifice the stability of the boiler and quickly adjust the power.
6. The method for controlling coordinated autonomous switching of a turbine and a furnace according to claim 1, wherein step 3 proposes an autonomous switching condition C: if no variable power is needed for a long time, the mode can be switched from BF mode to more stable TF mode operation, thereby reducing fuel fluctuation and equipment abrasion.
7. The machine-furnace coordinated autonomous switching control method responding to grid frequency modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that step 3 proposes an autonomous switching condition D: and when the unstable fluctuation condition occurs, the control strategy can be switched from BF mode to TF mode to stabilize main parameters of the boiler such as main steam pressure and the like.
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