CN114145350A - Method for preparing grain milk from compound grains - Google Patents
Method for preparing grain milk from compound grains Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C11/00—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions
- A23C11/02—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins
- A23C11/10—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing cereal milk by using compound cereals, which is prepared by using a plurality of cereals such as brown rice, quinoa, oat rice, pearl barley, sorghum, corn, soybean, black bean and the like as raw materials. The invention has rich raw materials, contains various grains, has more comprehensive nutrition, has better antioxidant effect, is beneficial to human health, and can be used as a health-care product. The grain milk obtained by the invention has longer shelf life, better stability after being heated and better popularization prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain milk preparation, in particular to a method for preparing grain milk from compound grains.
Background
With the improvement of economic development and living standard, people have higher pursuit on the quality of diet, but with the over-fine diet of modern people, the diet structure is unreasonable, on one hand, the food is over-processed, which causes serious waste, on the other hand, the absorption of human body to nutrient is seriously unbalanced, which damages human health. In recent years, the increasing population of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and obesity, and the trend of patient aging are closely related to the unbalanced dietary structure.
Taking milk as an example, the most common animal milk in the market at present is cow milk, goat milk and the like, but animal protein contained in the animal milk has the problem of lactose intolerance, part of people cannot drink the milk, vegetarian people cannot drink the milk, and in addition, the problem of aggravation of dietary structure imbalance by taking the animal milk as a milk product source for a long time is also solved. Therefore, in recent years, cereal milk has been increasingly popular among people due to its advantages of low fat, low calorie, health, and the like.
The grain milk is a milk product which is obtained by converting juice of grains such as soybean, rice, wheat and the like into emulsified and condensed natural nutrients through a specific process, is rich in vegetable protein and other nutrients, and meets the nutritional and healthy dietary requirements of people.
However, the cereal milk often has the stability problem, the emulsion state is poor, the phenomena of particle suspension, layered precipitation and the like are very easy to occur, and in addition, people are often used to hot drink milk products, so the stability problem of the heated cereal milk is not ignored.
Patent application CN113397114A discloses a preparation method of whole soybean milk, which comprises cold soaking and hot soaking peeled soybean, mixing, grinding into slurry, sieving to obtain slurry, adding stabilizer and sucrose, stirring, fixing volume, vacuum degassing, homogenizing, bottling, and sterilizing. The soybean milk has good shelf life stability, poor stability after heating, and coagulation and precipitation. In addition, the patent application takes soybeans as raw materials, and the raw materials are single and cannot meet higher nutritional requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing grain milk from compound grains, which has comprehensive nutrition and good stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following specific steps in parts by weight:
(1) screening 2-3 parts of brown rice with full grains, 1-2 parts of quinoa, 1-2 parts of oat rice and 0.2-0.4 part of coix seeds, respectively inducing germination, and then mixing and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain germ powder;
(2) then mixing, extruding and puffing 5-7 parts of sorghum, 4-6 parts of corn, 4-5 parts of soybean, 3-4 parts of black bean, 0.8-1 part of kudzu root and 0.8-1 part of konjak, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain puffed powder;
(3) taking 1-2 parts of red pine nut kernels, 0.3-0.5 part of pomegranate seeds, 0.2-0.3 part of pholiota nameko and 0.2-0.3 part of black medlar as raw materials, mixing and crushing, adding 10-12 parts of water, and performing primary enzymolysis treatment to obtain an enzymolysis liquid;
(4) and finally, adding the germ powder, the puffed powder and the enzymolysis liquid into water, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Preferably, in step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or pearl barley in hypochlorous acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2-3% for 8-10 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.08-0.1% for 8-10 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 18-20 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 40-45 hours under the conditions of the humidity of 85-90% RH and the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under the ozone atmosphere; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 5-6 hours to keep the wet gauze wet, and the ultraviolet lamp irradiates for 20-30 minutes at intervals of 5-6 hours and 20W.
Preferably, in step (1), the superfine grinding is carried out until the particle size is less than 20 μm.
Preferably, in the step (2), a twin-screw extrusion-expansion machine is adopted for extrusion-expansion, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 300-400 g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 330-350 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 100-105 ℃, 110-115 ℃ and 135-140 ℃ in sequence.
Preferably, in the step (2), the superfine grinding is carried out until the particle size is less than 20 μm.
Preferably, the specific method of step (3) is as follows, in parts by weight: cleaning red pine nuts, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5-6.5, adding 0.05-0.07 part of pectinase, 0.03-0.04 part of neutral protease, 0.03-0.04 part of cellulase and 0.01-0.02 part of glucanase into 20-25 parts of the mixed slurry, performing enzymolysis at 45-50 ℃ for 3-4 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
Preferably, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the germ powder to the puffed powder to the enzymolysis liquid to the water is 5-6: 15-17: 20-25: 100 to 110.
Preferably, in the step (4), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: adding 0.3-0.5 part of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.2-0.3 part of neutral protease into 100-120 parts of the mixed slurry, and carrying out enzymolysis for 10-12 hours at 50-60 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), the curing process conditions are as follows: and (3) instantly spraying and curing at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ and under the pressure of 2-3 MPa.
Preferably, in the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: treating for 4-6 minutes under 35-40 MPa.
Preferably, in the step (4), the sterilization is realized by adopting a pulse electric field, and the specific process conditions are as follows: 60-70 ℃, the electric field intensity is 15-20 kV/cm, the pulse time is 300-400 mu s, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time is 3-4 s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention takes a plurality of grains such as brown rice, quinoa, oat rice, pearl barley, sorghum, corn, soybean, black bean and the like as raw materials to prepare the grain milk. The invention has rich raw materials, contains various grains, has more comprehensive nutrition, has better antioxidant effect, is beneficial to human health, and can be used as a health-care product. The grain milk obtained by the invention has longer shelf life, better stability after being heated and better popularization prospect.
(2) According to the invention, the brown rice, the quinoa, the oat rice, the coix seed and the like are subjected to induced germination and then subjected to superfine grinding to prepare germ powder, a series of changes are generated in the germination process, more substances beneficial to a human body are generated, macromolecular substances are converted into small molecular substances which are more beneficial to absorption and metabolism of the human body, and the absorption of the human body on nutrient substances is facilitated, and the macromolecular substances are also main factors causing instability of grain milk, so that the stability of the grain milk is greatly improved.
According to the invention, the sorghum, the corn, the soybean, the oat rice, the kudzu root and the like are subjected to extrusion puffing treatment, the volume is rapidly expanded, a plurality of micropores are burst inside, so that the nutrient components are fully released, and the konjac and the like are added, so that glucomannan contained in the konjac milk can play a role in emulsification and stabilization, and the stability of the cereal milk is improved.
The invention also takes red pine nut, pomegranate seed, pholiota nameko, black medlar and the like as raw materials to prepare the enzymolysis liquid, the red pine nut, pomegranate seed and black medlar contain antioxidant polyphenol, anthocyanin and the like, the antioxidation of the grain milk is synergistically improved, and the polysaccharide component in the pholiota nameko and glucomannan synergistically improve the emulsification stability.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following steps:
(1) screening 2kg of brown rice with plump seeds, 2kg of quinoa, 1kg of oat rice and 0.4kg of coix seeds, respectively inducing germination, mixing and micronizing to obtain germ powder with particle size of below 20 μm;
(2) then 5kg of sorghum, 6kg of corn, 4kg of soybean, 4kg of black bean, 0.8kg of kudzu root and 1kg of konjak are mixed, extruded and puffed, and are micronized to the particle size of less than 20 mu m to obtain puffed powder;
(3) cleaning 2kg of red pine nut kernels, 1kg of pomegranate seeds, 0.4kg of pholiota nameko and 0.6kg of black wolfberry, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of below 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into 20kg of water, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 6.5, taking 20kg of the mixed slurry, adding 0.07kg of pectinase, 0.03kg of neutral protease, 0.04kg of cellulase and 0.01kg of glucanase, carrying out enzymolysis at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, killing the enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate;
(4) and finally, adding 6kg of germ powder, 15kg of puffed powder and 25kg of enzymolysis liquid into 100kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Wherein, in the step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or coix seed in hypochlorous acid water solution with the mass concentration of 3% for 8 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for 8 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 20 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 40 hours under the conditions of the ozone atmosphere, the humidity of 85% RH and the temperature of 30 ℃; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 6 hours to keep the wet gauze, and the wet gauze is irradiated by a 20W ultraviolet lamp every 5 hours for 30 minutes.
In the step (2), a double-screw extrusion puffing machine is adopted for extrusion puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 400g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 330 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 105 ℃, 110 ℃ and 140 ℃ in sequence.
The specific method of the step (3) is as follows: cleaning red pine nuts, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, adding 0.05kg of pectinase, 0.04kg of neutral protease, 0.03kg of cellulase and 0.02kg of glucanase into 25kg of the mixed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis at 45 ℃ for 4 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
In the step (4), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: 0.5kg of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.2kg of neutral protease are added into 100kg of the mixed slurry, and the mixture is subjected to enzymolysis at 60 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (4), the curing process conditions are as follows: instantly spraying and curing at 85 ℃ and 2 MPa.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: and treating at 40MPa for 4 minutes.
In the step (4), a pulse electric field is adopted to realize sterilization, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the electric field intensity is 15kV/cm at 70 ℃, the pulse time is 400 mus, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time was 3 s.
Example 2
A method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following steps:
(1) screening 3kg of brown rice with full grains, 1kg of quinoa, 2kg of oat rice and 0.2kg of coix seed, respectively inducing germination, mixing and micronizing to obtain germ powder with particle size of below 20 μm;
(2) then mixing 7kg of sorghum, 4kg of corn, 5kg of soybean, 3kg of black bean, 1kg of kudzu root and 0.8kg of konjak, extruding and puffing, and carrying out superfine grinding until the particle size is below 20 mu m to obtain puffed powder;
(3) cleaning 4kg of red pine nut kernels, 0.6kg of pomegranate seeds, 0.6kg of pholiota nameko and 0.4kg of black wolfberry, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into 24kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, taking 25kg of the mixed slurry, adding 0.05kg of pectinase, 0.04kg of neutral protease, 0.03kg of cellulase and 0.02kg of glucanase, carrying out enzymolysis for 4 hours at 45 ℃, killing enzyme and centrifuging to obtain enzymolysis liquid;
(4) and finally, adding 5kg of germ powder, 17kg of puffed powder and 20kg of enzymolysis liquid into 110kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Wherein, in the step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or coix seed in hypochlorous acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2% for 10 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.08% for 10 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 18 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 45 hours under the conditions of the ozone atmosphere, the humidity of 90% RH and the temperature of 28 ℃; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 5 hours to keep the wet gauze, and the wet gauze is irradiated by a 20W ultraviolet lamp every 6 hours for 20 minutes.
In the step (2), a double-screw extrusion puffing machine is adopted for extrusion puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 300g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 350 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 100 ℃, 115 ℃ and 135 ℃ in sequence.
The specific method of the step (3) is as follows: cleaning red pine nuts, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 6.5, adding 0.07kg of pectinase, 0.03kg of neutral protease, 0.04kg of cellulase and 0.01kg of glucanase into 20kg of the mixed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
In the step (4), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: to 120kg of the mixed slurry, 0.3kg of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.3kg of neutral protease were added, and the mixture was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis at 50 ℃ for 12 hours.
In the step (4), the curing process conditions are as follows: instantly spraying and curing at the temperature of 80 ℃ and under the pressure of 3 MPa.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: and treating at 35MPa for 6 min.
In the step (4), a pulse electric field is adopted to realize sterilization, and the specific process conditions are as follows: 60 ℃, the electric field intensity is 20kV/cm, the pulse time is 300 mus, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time was 4 s.
Example 3
A method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, 2.5kg of brown rice with plump grains, 1.5kg of quinoa, 1.5kg of oat rice and 0.3kg of coix seed are screened, respectively induced to germinate, and then mixed and superfine ground to obtain germ powder with the grain diameter of less than 20 microns;
(2) then mixing 6kg of sorghum, 5kg of corn, 4.5kg of soybean, 3.5kg of black bean, 0.9kg of kudzu root and 0.9kg of konjak, extruding and puffing, and micronizing to obtain puffed powder with particle size of below 20 μm;
(3) cleaning 3kg of red pine nut kernels, 0.8kg of pomegranate seeds, 0.5kg of pholiota nameko and 0.5kg of black medlar, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into 22kg of water, stirring uniformly to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 6, taking 22kg of the mixed slurry, adding 0.06kg of pectinase, 0.035kg of neutral protease, 0.035kg of cellulase and 0.015kg of glucanase, carrying out enzymolysis at 48 ℃ for 3.5 hours, carrying out enzyme deactivation and centrifugation to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate;
(4) and finally, adding 5.5kg of germ powder, 16kg of puffed powder and 22kg of enzymolysis liquid into 105kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Wherein, in the step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or coix seed in hypochlorous acid water solution with the mass concentration of 2.5% for 9 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.09% for 9 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 19 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 42 hours under the conditions of the ozone atmosphere, the humidity of 90% RH and the temperature of 29 ℃; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 5 hours to keep the wet gauze, and the wet gauze is irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp for 25 minutes every 5 hours at a speed of 20W.
In the step (2), a double-screw extrusion puffing machine is adopted for extrusion puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 400g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 350 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 103 ℃, 112 ℃ and 138 ℃ in sequence.
The specific method of the step (3) is as follows: cleaning semen pini koraiensis, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 mu m, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 6, adding 0.06kg of pectinase, 0.035kg of neutral protease, 0.035kg of cellulase and 0.015kg of glucanase into 22kg of the mixed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis at 48 ℃ for 3.5 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
In the step (4), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: to 110kg of the mixed slurry, 0.4kg of α -1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.25kg of neutral protease were added, and the mixture was subjected to enzymolysis at 55 ℃ for 11 hours.
In the step (4), the curing process conditions are as follows: instantly spraying and curing at 83 ℃ and 2.5 MPa.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: and treating at 38MPa for 5 minutes.
In the step (4), a pulse electric field is adopted to realize sterilization, and the specific process conditions are as follows: 65 ℃, the electric field intensity is 20kV/cm, the pulse time is 400 mus, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time was 4 s.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, 2kg of brown rice, 2kg of chenopodium quinoa, 1kg of oat rice, 0.4kg of pearl barley, 5kg of sorghum, 6kg of corn, 4kg of soybean, 4kg of black bean, 0.8kg of kudzu root and 1kg of konjak are mixed, extruded and puffed, and are ultrafine crushed to the particle size of less than 20 mu m to obtain puffed powder;
(2) cleaning 2kg of red pine nut kernels, 1kg of pomegranate seeds, 0.4kg of pholiota nameko and 0.6kg of black wolfberry, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of below 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into 20kg of water, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 6.5, taking 20kg of the mixed slurry, adding 0.07kg of pectinase, 0.03kg of neutral protease, 0.04kg of cellulase and 0.01kg of glucanase, carrying out enzymolysis at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, killing the enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate;
(3) and finally, adding 6kg of germ powder, 15kg of puffed powder and 25kg of enzymolysis liquid into 100kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Wherein, in the step (1), a double-screw extrusion puffing machine is adopted for extrusion puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 400g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 330 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 105 ℃, 110 ℃ and 140 ℃ in sequence.
The specific method of the step (2) is as follows: cleaning red pine nuts, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, adding 0.05kg of pectinase, 0.04kg of neutral protease, 0.03kg of cellulase and 0.02kg of glucanase into 25kg of the mixed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis at 45 ℃ for 4 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
In the step (3), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: 0.5kg of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.2kg of neutral protease are added into 100kg of the mixed slurry, and the mixture is subjected to enzymolysis at 60 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (3), the curing process conditions are as follows: instantly spraying and curing at 85 ℃ and 2 MPa.
In the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: and treating at 40MPa for 4 minutes.
In the step (3), a pulse electric field is adopted to realize sterilization, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the electric field intensity is 15kV/cm at 70 ℃, the pulse time is 400 mus, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time was 3 s.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing grain milk from compound grains comprises the following steps:
(1) screening 2kg of brown rice with plump seeds, 2kg of quinoa, 1kg of oat rice and 0.4kg of coix seeds, respectively inducing germination, mixing and micronizing to obtain germ powder with particle size of below 20 μm;
(2) then 5kg of sorghum, 6kg of corn, 4kg of soybean, 4kg of black bean, 0.8kg of kudzu root and 1kg of konjak are mixed, extruded and puffed, and are micronized to the particle size of less than 20 mu m to obtain puffed powder;
(3) and finally, adding 6kg of germ powder and 15kg of puffed powder into 100kg of water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
Wherein, in the step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or coix seed in hypochlorous acid water solution with the mass concentration of 3% for 8 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for 8 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 20 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 40 hours under the conditions of the ozone atmosphere, the humidity of 85% RH and the temperature of 30 ℃; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 6 hours to keep the wet gauze, and the wet gauze is irradiated by a 20W ultraviolet lamp every 5 hours for 30 minutes.
In the step (2), a double-screw extrusion puffing machine is adopted for extrusion puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 400g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 330 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 105 ℃, 110 ℃ and 140 ℃ in sequence.
In the step (3), the specific method of the secondary enzymolysis is as follows: 0.5kg of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.2kg of neutral protease are added into 100kg of the mixed slurry, and the mixture is subjected to enzymolysis at 60 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (3), the curing process conditions are as follows: instantly spraying and curing at 85 ℃ and 2 MPa.
In the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: and treating at 40MPa for 4 minutes.
In the step (3), a pulse electric field is adopted to realize sterilization, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the electric field intensity is 15kV/cm at 70 ℃, the pulse time is 400 mus, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time was 3 s.
The stability of the cereal milks obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 was examined, including the stability after storage at 25 ℃ for 6 months and heating to 70 ℃.
The antioxidant property is examined and judged by the DPPH free radical clearance, and the specific method is as follows: respectively taking 2mL of grain milk, adding 100mL of deionized water, heating for 60 minutes at 45 ℃ by using a microwave, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a sample solution required by the free radical scavenging activity test. 2mL of each sample solution is added with 2Ml of 0.1mmol/L DPPH solution to be mixed evenly, and after the mixture is reacted for 30 minutes in a dark place, the absorbance value A1 is measured at 217 nm; the blank group replaced the sample solution with DPPH solution and the control group replaced the sample solution with an equal volume of distilled water. The calculation is performed according to the following formula: DPPH clearance (%) [1- (a1-a0)/a2] x 100%, where a1 is the absorbance of the sample group; a0 is absorbance of blank; a2 is the absorbance of the control. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 cereal milk Performance Studies
As can be seen from Table 1, the cereal milk obtained in examples 1 to 3 has high stability, good oxidation resistance and good health care effect. While comparative example 1 did not induce germination, comparative example 2 omitted the enzymatic hydrolysate, and the obtained cereal milk was poor in stability and oxidation resistance, indicating that the induced germination of a part of the cereal and the addition of the enzymatic hydrolysate made of red pine nuts, etc. together improved the stability and oxidation resistance of the product.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing grain milk by using compound grains is characterized by comprising the following specific steps in parts by weight:
(1) screening 2-3 parts of brown rice with full grains, 1-2 parts of quinoa, 1-2 parts of oat rice and 0.2-0.4 part of coix seeds, respectively inducing germination, and then mixing and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain germ powder;
(2) then mixing, extruding and puffing 5-7 parts of sorghum, 4-6 parts of corn, 4-5 parts of soybean, 3-4 parts of black bean, 0.8-1 part of kudzu root and 0.8-1 part of konjak, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain puffed powder;
(3) taking 1-2 parts of red pine nut kernels, 0.3-0.5 part of pomegranate seeds, 0.2-0.3 part of pholiota nameko and 0.2-0.3 part of black medlar as raw materials, mixing and crushing, adding 10-12 parts of water, and performing primary enzymolysis treatment to obtain an enzymolysis liquid;
(4) and finally, adding the germ powder, the puffed powder and the enzymolysis liquid into water, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry, performing secondary enzymolysis treatment, curing, centrifuging, homogenizing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the cereal milk.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the specific method for inducing germination is as follows: respectively soaking brown rice, quinoa, oat rice or pearl barley in hypochlorous acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 2-3% for 8-10 minutes, then soaking in hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.08-0.1% for 8-10 minutes, then soaking in clear water for 18-20 hours, then covering with wet gauze, and germinating for 40-45 hours under the conditions of the humidity of 85-90% RH and the temperature of 28-30 ℃ under the ozone atmosphere; wherein, water is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the wet gauze every 5-6 hours to keep the wet gauze wet, and the ultraviolet lamp irradiates for 20-30 minutes at intervals of 5-6 hours and 20W.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a twin-screw extrusion-puffing machine is adopted for extrusion-puffing, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the speed of the feeding motor is 300-400 g/min, and the rotating speed of the screw is 330-350 r/min. The diameter of the die hole of the double-hole die is 4mm, and the extrusion temperature is 100-105 ℃, 110-115 ℃ and 135-140 ℃ in sequence.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of step (3) is as follows, in parts by weight: cleaning red pine nuts, pomegranate seeds, pholiota nameko and lycium ruthenicum, mixing and crushing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of less than 20 microns, adding the mixed powder into water, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5-6.5, adding 0.05-0.07 part of pectinase, 0.03-0.04 part of neutral protease, 0.03-0.04 part of cellulase and 0.01-0.02 part of glucanase into 20-25 parts of the mixed slurry, performing enzymolysis at 45-50 ℃ for 3-4 hours, inactivating enzymes, and centrifuging to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the germ powder to the puffed powder to the enzymolysis liquid to the water is 5-6: 15-17: 20-25: 100 to 110.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the secondary enzymolysis is carried out by the following specific method: adding 0.3-0.5 part of alpha-1, 4-glucohydrolase and 0.2-0.3 part of neutral protease into 100-120 parts of the mixed slurry, and carrying out enzymolysis for 10-12 hours at 50-60 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the curing process conditions are as follows: and (3) instantly spraying and curing at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ and under the pressure of 2-3 MPa.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: treating for 4-6 minutes under 35-40 MPa.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the sterilization is realized by adopting a pulsed electric field, and the specific process conditions are as follows: 60-70 ℃, the electric field intensity is 15-20 kV/cm, the pulse time is 300-400 mu s, and the pulse frequency is 200 Hz; the sterilization time is 3-4 s.
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