CN114142509A - Micro-grid energy storage system and optimal configuration method - Google Patents
Micro-grid energy storage system and optimal configuration method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microgrid energy storage system and an optimal configuration method, comprising S1, acquiring a system initial value of the microgrid energy storage system; s2, inputting the initial values of the system into a preset inner-layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain an optimal power distribution scheme of each energy storage device in the energy storage system; calculating the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system; s3, inputting the power distribution scheme into a preset outer layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the operation loss cost and the energy storage purchase cost of the microgrid energy storage system; and S4, adding the operation cost, the operation loss cost and the energy storage purchase cost of the micro-grid energy storage system based on the optimal power distribution scheme, and outputting the sum. The method establishes an inner layer and an outer layer optimal configuration model, can perform optimal power setting on each energy storage device in the micro-grid energy storage system, optimizes life cycle cost and operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system, and meets the requirements of operational reliability and economy of the micro-grid energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microgrid energy storage systems, in particular to a microgrid energy storage system and an optimal configuration method.
Background
The energy storage technology is used as an important technical support in the microgrid, unbalanced power in the microgrid can be eliminated, an intermittent power supply is used as a power system peak regulation, the power supply cost of the system is reduced, and the use efficiency of new energy is improved; meanwhile, the voltage and frequency quality of the micro-grid can be improved, and the running stability of the system can be enhanced.
The energy storage technology covers a wide range, the time scale optimization configuration distributed energy storage is considered, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system under the novel power system is greatly influenced.
At present, researchers at home and abroad have conducted a series of researches on the configuration and operation optimization problem of the energy storage system. In the prior art, generally, an objective function is established with the lowest cost of an energy storage device or the minimum capacity of the system during stable operation is taken as an optimization objective for optimal configuration of a microgrid energy storage system, but the configuration method has the limitation that only the most direct cost of the energy storage system, namely the operation loss cost and the energy storage acquisition cost, is seen, and the optimal setting of the power of the energy storage devices of different types in the energy storage system cannot be realized while the operation economy is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a micro-grid energy storage system and an optimal configuration method, wherein an inner layer and an outer layer optimal configuration model are established, optimal power setting can be carried out on each energy storage device in the micro-grid energy storage system, the life cycle cost and the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system are optimized, and the operation reliability and the economy of the micro-grid energy storage system are met.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an optimal configuration method of a micro-grid energy storage system, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring a system initial value of the microgrid energy storage system; s2, inputting the initial system value into a preset inner-layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain an optimal power distribution scheme of each energy storage device in the micro-grid energy storage system; calculating the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system based on the optimal power distribution scheme; s3, inputting the optimal power distribution scheme obtained in the S2 into a preset outer layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the operation loss cost and the energy storage acquisition cost of the microgrid energy storage system; and S4, based on the optimal power distribution scheme, adding the operation cost, the operation loss cost and the energy storage purchase cost of the micro-grid energy storage system and outputting the sum to obtain an overall optimization result of the micro-grid energy storage system.
Preferably, in S2, the performing power distribution on each energy storage device according to the optimal power distribution scheme specifically includes: establishing a power distribution instruction matrix of the microgrid energy storage system; distributing the power distribution instructions in the power distribution instruction matrix to each energy storage device to obtain a primary power distribution result; calculating the power shortage value or the power surplus value of each energy storage device under the primary power distribution result; and adding a power energy storage device into the micro-grid energy storage system according to the power shortage value or the power surplus value of each energy storage device.
Preferably, the power allocation command matrix is:
Preferably, the inner-layer optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the minimum operation cost of the microgrid energy storage system as a target and taking the capacity, power and charge of the microgrid energy storage system as constraints.
Preferably, the objective function of the inner-layer optimization configuration model is as follows:
yEP＝CO(t)+CF(t)+Cc(t)+CM(t); wherein, CO(t) represents the maintenance cost of each device in the microgrid energy storage system, CF(t) represents the fuel cost of controllable units such as diesel engines in the microgrid energy storage system; cC(t) represents the cost of atmospheric remediation required for fuel combustion; cMAnd (t) representing the electric quantity transaction cost of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid.
Preferably, the power constraint of the inner-layer optimization configuration model satisfies:
wherein, PM(t) is the real-time interaction power of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid, PCG_j(t) represents the real-time charge and discharge power of controllable units such as diesel engines in the micro-grid energy storage system, PESRepresenting the power of the microgrid energy storage system, PDG_j(t) represents the real-time charge and discharge power of the uncontrollable unit in the microgrid energy storage system, PES(t) represents the real-time power of the microgrid energy storage system, Pload(t) represents local real-time electricity power; the capacity constraint of the inner-layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements:
EES_jrepresenting the capacity of an energy storage device j in the microgrid energy storage system; the charge constraint of the inner layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements: SOCmin≤SOC≤SOCmax(ii) a Wherein the SOC represents the charge value of the micro-grid energy storage system.
Preferably, the outer layer optimization configuration model is constructed by taking the capacity and the power of the microgrid energy storage system as constraints with the goal that the life cycle cost and the operation cost of the energy storage system are the lowest.
Preferably, the objective function of the outer layer optimization configuration model is as follows:
wherein, CIRepresenting the energy storage acquisition cost of the microgrid energy storage system, CRRepresents the operating loss cost, y, of the microgrid energy storage systemEPAnd representing an objective function of the inner-layer optimization configuration model.
Preferably, the power constraint and the capacity constraint of the outer layer optimization configuration model satisfy:
The invention also provides a microgrid energy storage system which is characterized by being configured by the optimal configuration method of the microgrid energy storage system.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by setting the inner layer optimization configuration model, the inner layer optimization configuration model can output the optimal power distribution scheme of each energy storage device in the microgrid energy storage system, and the power distribution of each energy storage device of the microgrid under a certain energy storage capacity is optimized, so that the operation cost of the microgrid energy storage system is the lowest.
2. According to the method, an outer layer optimization configuration model is established, the outer layer optimization configuration model and the inner layer optimization configuration model are in synergistic effect, based on an optimal power distribution scheduling scheme, the outer layer model can calculate the operation loss cost and the energy storage acquisition cost of the microgrid energy storage system and add the operation cost and the energy storage acquisition cost to the operation cost of the microgrid energy storage system for output, the overall optimization result of the microgrid energy storage system is obtained, and the operation reliability and the economy of the microgrid energy storage system are met.
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In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of power distribution to the energy storage device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the invention discloses an optimal configuration method of a microgrid energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining a system initial value of the micro-grid energy storage system. The initial values of the system comprise the life cycle, the energy storage capacity, the charge and discharge power of the microgrid energy storage system, relevant energy storage devices in the microgrid energy storage system and the like.
And step two, inputting the related system initial values of the micro-grid energy storage system into a preset inner layer optimization model, solving the inner layer optimization model, and outputting an optimal power distribution scheme of each energy storage device in the micro-grid under a certain energy storage capacity, so that the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system is the lowest.
And performing power distribution on each energy storage device, and calculating the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system under the power distribution scheme.
The inner-layer optimized configuration model is actually an energy scheduling model of the microgrid energy storage system, and is constructed by taking the minimum operation cost of the microgrid energy storage system as a target and taking the capacity, power and charge of the microgrid energy storage system as constraints.
The objective function of the inner-layer optimization configuration model is set as follows:
yEP＝CO(t)+CF(t)+Cc(t)+CM(t); wherein, CO(t) represents the maintenance cost of each device in the microgrid energy storage system, CF(t) represents the fuel cost of controllable units such as diesel engines in the microgrid energy storage system; cC(t) represents the cost of atmospheric remediation required for fuel combustion; cMAnd (t) representing the electric quantity transaction cost of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid.
The constraint conditions of the inner-layer optimization configuration model are set as follows:
(1) the power constraint of the inner-layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements:
PDG_j(t) represents the real-time charge and discharge power of the uncontrollable unit in the microgrid energy storage system, PES(t) represents the real-time power of the microgrid energy storage system, PloadAnd (t) represents local real-time power utilization.
Therefore, after the controllable generator set, the uncontrollable generator set and the local real-time power consumption in the micro-grid energy storage system meet the power requirement of the load, the residual power is equal to the interaction power of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large-scale power grid (large-scale interconnected power grid).
Through the three formulas, the interactive power constraint of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid, the charge-discharge power constraint of the controllable generator set in the micro-grid energy storage system and the charge-discharge power constraint of the whole micro-grid energy storage system can be obtained respectively.
(2) The capacity constraint of the inner-layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements:
EES_jrepresenting the capacity of energy storage device j in the microgrid energy storage system.
(3) The charge constraint of the inner layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements: SOCmin≤SOC≤SOCmaxAnd the SOC represents the charge value of the micro-grid energy storage system. As can be seen, the above equation represents the allowable range of change in the state of charge of the energy storage system.
Further, when power distribution is performed on each energy storage device, a self-adaptive SOC power distribution method is used.
The power distribution of each energy storage device specifically includes:
firstly, with the economy of an energy storage system as a target, under a certain constraint condition, a power instruction matrix of the microgrid energy storage system in one period is established (discharging is performed when the power is a positive value, and charging is performed when the power is a negative value).
The power command matrix is:
Secondly, a distribution is performed on a long time scale: and distributing the power instruction to different energy storage devices in the energy storage system by taking the lowest running loss cost of the energy storage system as an optimization target, wherein the obtained result is called a primary distribution result. Then, a second assignment is performed on a short time scale: and adding the power energy storage devices into the microgrid energy storage system according to the power shortage values or the power surplus values of the energy storage devices, and supplementing the power shortage of each energy storage device under one-time distribution or absorbing the power surplus under one-time distribution in real time by virtue of the power type energy storage devices.
Preferably, the power energy storage device has a higher power density and a higher rate of charge and discharge capacity than an energy storage element such as a storage battery, and has a cycle life longer than that of the energy storage element, and is capable of adapting to a high-speed and high-frequency charge and discharge process. The charge constraint of the power type energy storage device is designed, and the power type energy storage device is guaranteed to have sufficient capacity all the time to complete a real-time correction task in secondary distribution. The charge constraint condition of the power type energy storage device is designed to be a dynamic range, the upper boundary and the lower boundary are automatically adjusted through error feedback of power prediction in the last distribution period, and it is guaranteed that the power type energy storage device always keeps certain residual capacity to stabilize power fluctuation beyond primary distribution in the whole distribution period.
And step three, inputting the power distribution scheme obtained in the step two into a preset outer layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the operation loss cost and the energy storage acquisition cost of the microgrid energy storage system.
The outer layer optimization configuration model is constructed by taking the life cycle cost and the operation cost of the energy storage system as the lowest targets and taking the capacity and the power of the micro-grid energy storage system as constraints.
The objective function of the outer layer optimization configuration model is as follows:
The power constraint and the capacity constraint of the outer-layer optimization configuration model meet the following requirements:
And step four, adding and outputting the operation cost, the operation loss cost and the energy storage purchase cost of the micro-grid energy storage system to obtain an overall optimization result of the micro-grid energy storage system.
According to the scheme, the optimal power setting can be performed on each energy storage device in the micro-grid energy storage system by establishing the inner-layer and outer-layer optimal configuration models, the life cycle cost and the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system are optimized, and the operational reliability and the economical efficiency of the micro-grid energy storage system are met.
According to the optimal configuration method of the micro-grid energy storage system, the invention also discloses the micro-grid energy storage system which is configured by the optimal configuration method of the micro-grid energy storage system. The reliability and the economy of the micro-grid energy storage system are better.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optimal configuration method of a micro-grid energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring a system initial value of the microgrid energy storage system;
s2, inputting the initial system value into a preset inner-layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain an optimal power distribution scheme of each energy storage device in the micro-grid energy storage system; calculating the operation cost of the micro-grid energy storage system based on the optimal power distribution scheme;
s3, inputting the optimal power distribution scheme obtained in the S2 into a preset outer layer optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the operation loss cost and the energy storage acquisition cost of the microgrid energy storage system;
and S4, adding the operation cost, the operation loss cost and the energy storage purchase cost of the micro-grid energy storage system and outputting the sum to obtain an overall optimization result of the micro-grid energy storage system.
2. The optimal configuration method for the microgrid energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the performing power distribution on each energy storage device according to the optimal power distribution scheme specifically includes:
establishing a power distribution instruction matrix of the microgrid energy storage system;
distributing the power distribution instructions in the power distribution instruction matrix to each energy storage device to obtain a primary power distribution result;
calculating the power shortage value or the power surplus value of each energy storage device under the primary power distribution result;
and adding a power energy storage device into the micro-grid energy storage system according to the power shortage value or the power surplus value of each energy storage device.
3. The optimal configuration method of the microgrid energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that the power distribution instruction matrix is:
wherein, PESThe power of the whole micro-grid energy storage system is represented, the jth column represents the power instruction sequence of the energy storage device j at all times in a period, and the ith row represents the power instruction sequence of all the energy storage devices at the tth time in the period; correspondingly, m and n in the instruction matrix respectively indicate that the energy storage system comprises m energy storage devices, and one cycle comprises n moments.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner layer optimal configuration model is constructed with constraints of capacity, power and charge of the microgrid energy storage system with a goal of minimizing the operation cost of the microgrid energy storage system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the objective function of the inner layer optimal configuration model is as follows:
yEP＝CO(t)+CF(t)+Cc(t)+CM(t); wherein, CO(t) represents the maintenance cost of each device in the microgrid energy storage system, CF(t) represents the fuel cost of controllable units such as diesel engines in the microgrid energy storage system; cC(t) represents the cost of atmospheric remediation required for fuel combustion; cMAnd (t) representing the electric quantity transaction cost of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid.
6. The optimal configuration method for the microgrid energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that the power constraint of the inner layer optimal configuration model satisfies:
wherein, PM(t) is the real-time interaction power of the micro-grid energy storage system and the large power grid, PCG_j(t) represents the real-time charge and discharge power of controllable units such as diesel engines in the micro-grid energy storage system, PESRepresenting microgrid reservoirsPower of energy system, PDG_j(t) represents the real-time charge and discharge power of the uncontrollable unit in the microgrid energy storage system, PES(t) represents the real-time power of the microgrid energy storage system, Pload(t) represents local real-time electricity power;
the capacity constraint of the inner-layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements:
wherein E isES_jRepresenting the capacity of an energy storage device j in the microgrid energy storage system;
the charge constraint of the inner layer optimization configuration model meets the following requirements: SOCmin≤SOC≤SOCmax(ii) a Wherein the SOC represents the charge value of the micro-grid energy storage system.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer layer optimal configuration model is constructed with constraints on capacity and power of the microgrid energy storage system with a goal of minimizing life cycle costs and operational costs of the energy storage system.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the objective function of the outer layer optimal configuration model is as follows:
9. The optimal configuration method for the microgrid energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that the power constraint and the capacity constraint of the outer layer optimal configuration model satisfy:
10. A microgrid energy storage system, characterized in that the microgrid energy storage system is configured by the optimized configuration method of the microgrid energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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