CN114138052A - Dual-channel signal source based on nonlinear distortion cancellation and waveform synthesis method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-channel signal source based on nonlinear distortion cancellation and a waveform synthesis method, wherein the signal source comprises a control unit, a first signal synthesis channel and a second signal synthesis channel, the first signal synthesis channel and the second signal synthesis channel respectively comprise a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit, the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit respectively comprise a digital signal receiving and processing circuit, an isolation circuit, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit and a low-pass filter circuit which are sequentially connected, and the outputs of the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit are synthesized by an adder to form channel signal source output; the output of the signal source is connected with a spectrum analyzer which monitors and controls the output signal of the signal source through a control unit. The invention utilizes the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit to counteract the second and third nonlinear distortions carried in the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit, and has the advantages of low harmonic distortion and pure frequency spectrum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dual-channel signal synthesis, in particular to a dual-channel signal source based on nonlinear distortion cancellation and a waveform synthesis method. .
Background
The high-performance dual-channel signal source has important application value in the fields of impedance bridges, power sources and the like; however, the existing commercial dual-channel signal source, such as 33500B series instruments of the united states of america, has a problem of large nonlinear distortion, and the main nonlinear distortion is secondary and tertiary nonlinear distortion corresponding to the fundamental frequency component. The actual synthesized waveform in the fundamental synthesis process can be expressed as:
Generally, the second and third order nonlinear distortion of commercial dual-channel signal sources is only lower than 80dBc of the fundamental frequency component, which cannot meet the application requirement of high spectrum purity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-channel signal source based on nonlinear distortion cancellation and a waveform synthesis method, which utilize a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit to cancel secondary and tertiary nonlinear distortions carried in a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and have the advantages of low distortion and pure frequency spectrum.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a dual-channel signal source realization method based on nonlinear distortion cancellation, the signal source comprises a control unit, a first signal synthesis channel and a second signal synthesis channel, the first and second signal synthesis channels respectively comprise a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit, the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit respectively comprise a digital signal receiving and processing circuit, an isolation circuit, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit and a low-pass filter circuit which are sequentially connected, and the outputs of the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit are synthesized by an adder to form channel signal source output; the output of the signal source is connected with a spectrum analyzer which monitors and controls the output signal of the signal source through a control unit;
the step of monitoring and controlling the signal source output signal execution comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the control unit firstly generates digital waveform information of corresponding amplitude and frequency according to the selection of a user on the channel signal source output, and then sends the digital waveform information to a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit of a signal synthesis channel, and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit inputs zero;
the second step is that: the control unit generates a secondary nonlinear distortion digital waveform and a tertiary nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity according to the secondary nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the tertiary nonlinear distortion analog waveform detected by the spectrum analyzer from the signal source output port, and inputs the generated distortion digital waveform into the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit;
the third step: the control unit judges whether the amplitude of the secondary nonlinear distortion and the third nonlinear distortion detected from the output port of the signal source by the spectrum analyzer is lower than a threshold value set based on the decibel number of the fundamental frequency component, if the amplitude of the secondary nonlinear distortion and the third nonlinear distortion is lower than the threshold value, the input of the distorted digital waveform to the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit is kept, and if the amplitude of the distorted digital waveform is higher than the threshold value, the fourth step is executed;
the fourth step: the control unit adjusts the amplitude and phase of the second and third order nonlinear distorted digital waveforms and returns to the third step.
The scheme is further as follows: the control unit can send the same or different digital waveform information to the two channels for selection, the waveform information and amplitude between the two channels are independent and adjustable, and the phase between the two channels can be adjusted.
The scheme is further as follows: in the second step: the spectrum analyzer is a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit which detects quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion analog waveforms from output ports of two channels, generates a quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity for the distorted analog waveforms of the two channels, and inputs the generated two distorted digital waveforms into the two channels.
The scheme is further as follows: in the first step, the digital waveform information is a digital fundamental frequency signal extracted after an analog waveform expressed by a sin function to be synthesized is subjected to digital processing on Matlab.
The scheme is further as follows: one nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit corresponds to synthesis of the second-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the third-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform, and the two nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuits correspond to the second-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the third-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform respectively.
The scheme is further as follows: the digital signal receiving and processing circuit is a programmable gate array FPGA circuit, the FPGA circuit is used for receiving and storing digital waveform information sent by the controller, receiving trigger information sent by the controller and controlling digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the isolation circuit.
The scheme is further as follows: the isolation circuit is an electro-optical isolator and realizes the isolation of the control signals of the digital signal receiving and processing circuit and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.
The scheme is further as follows: the low-pass filter circuit is an active low-pass filter, and the 3dB bandwidth of the low-pass filter circuit is 20 kHz-100 kHz.
The scheme is further as follows: the spectrum analyzer is a removable device, and the spectrum analyzer is removed after the signal output by the signal source meets the requirement.
The scheme is further as follows: the threshold is such that the second and third order nonlinear distortions are at least 90dBc below the fundamental frequency component.
The invention utilizes the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit to counteract the second and third nonlinear distortions carried in the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit, and has the advantages of low harmonic distortion and pure frequency spectrum. Tests show that the highest nonlinear distortion of the output port of the dual-channel signal source is at least 90dBc lower than the fundamental frequency component, and the effect is obvious.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-channel signal source according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A dual-channel signal source based on nonlinear distortion cancellation and a waveform synthesis method are provided, which are a dual-channel signal source and a waveform synthesis realization method for converting a waveform represented by a number into an analog waveform, eliminating nonlinear distortion generated in the conversion process and improving the output waveform purity. For this purpose, as shown in fig. 1, the signal source includes a control unit 1, a first signal synthesis channel 2 and a second signal synthesis channel 3, the first and second signal synthesis channels include a base frequency component synthesis circuit 201, 301 and a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit 202, 302, respectively, the base frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit are respectively composed of a digital signal receiving and processing circuit a, an isolation circuit b, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit c and a low-pass filter circuit d which are connected in sequence, and outputs of the base frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit are synthesized by an adder e to form a channel signal source output; the output of the signal source is connected with a spectrum analyzer 4, and the spectrum analyzer 4 monitors and controls the output signal of the signal source through a control unit 1;
the step of monitoring and controlling the signal source output signal execution comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the control unit firstly generates digital waveform information of corresponding amplitude and frequency according to the selection of a user on the channel signal source output, and then sends the digital waveform information to a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit of a signal synthesis channel, while the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit has no input, namely zero input;
the second step is that: the control unit generates a secondary nonlinear distortion digital waveform and a tertiary nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity according to the secondary nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the tertiary nonlinear distortion analog waveform detected by the spectrum analyzer from the signal source output port, and inputs the generated distortion digital waveform into the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit;
the third step: the control unit judges whether the amplitude of the second and third nonlinear distortion analog waveforms detected by the spectrum analyzer from the output port of the signal source is lower than a threshold set based on the decibel number of the fundamental frequency component, if so, the input of the distorted digital waveform to the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit is kept, and if so, the fourth step is executed;
the fourth step: the control unit adjusts the amplitude and phase of the second and third order nonlinear distorted digital waveforms and returns to the third step.
Wherein the threshold is at least 90dBc for second and third order nonlinear distortions below the fundamental frequency component.
Wherein: the selection of the channel signal source output by the user refers to setting different selection buttons for the type of the channel signal source output signal, such as: square waves, triangular waves, sine waves, and different frequencies and amplitudes.
In the first step, the digital waveform information is a digitized fundamental frequency signal extracted after an analog waveform expressed by a sin function to be synthesized is digitized on Matlab. As a well-known technology, square wave, triangular wave and sine wave can be expressed by mathematical expressions, and can be expressed by sin function as mentioned in the background art, Matlab is an image, graph and waveform data processing tool which is widely used at present, and the waveform is expressed by sin function and processed to form digital signal by the well-known Matlab technology, therefore, the type of the channel signal source output signal can be processed by the Matlab technology in advance to form digital signal which is stored in a memory, and the frequency and amplitude data can be set as adjustable dynamic selection items. Thus, as a dual channel: the control unit can send same or different digital waveform information into two passageways and select, and waveform information, the range mutual independence between two passageways, can adjust, and the phase place between two passageways can be adjusted, owing to used digital technique for the selection to two channel signal output does not receive the restriction of traditional hardware circuit design, selects more in a flexible way, adjusts and can accomplish stepless.
The same principle is that: in the second step: the control unit generates a secondary nonlinear distortion digital waveform and a tertiary nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity according to a secondary nonlinear distortion analog waveform detected by a spectrum analyzer from a signal source, and inputs the generated distortion digital waveform into a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit, wherein ideal fundamental frequency sin waveform information is put into a fundamental frequency circuit and a sin is put into the fundamental frequency circuit, but due to the nonlinearity of a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, a plurality of sins except the fundamental frequency are obtained, wherein the secondary nonlinear distortion and the tertiary nonlinear distortion most affect the fundamental frequency waveform, and the secondary nonlinear distortion and the tertiary nonlinear distortion can be realized by the method: the digital waveform is digitally generated by processing through Matlab technology, wherein the phase of the digital waveform is the same, and the secondary nonlinear distortion waveform and the tertiary nonlinear distortion waveform have opposite polarities.
The explanation for the process of generating second and third order nonlinear distortion is: the fundamental frequency component (f) synthesis circuit has the main role of generating a waveform containing the frequency components of the signal to be synthesized. However, the digital-to-analog converter DAC in the hardware circuit and the operational amplifier in the active filter are all non-linear, so that the signal at the output end of the fundamental frequency component (f) synthesis circuit does not contain the frequency component (f) to be synthesized, and also contains second-order (2 f) and third-order (3 f) non-linear distortions. The output signal of which may be expressed as,
the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit mainly plays a role in canceling quadratic (2 f) and cubic (3 f) nonlinear distortions carried in the output end of the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit. Ideally, its output signal can be expressed as:
it can be seen thatBThe first term in (1) and yAThe second terms in (1) have the same amplitude and opposite phase; y isBThe second term in (1) and yAThe third term in (1) is the same amplitude and opposite phase.
Thus, in the examples: one nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit corresponds to synthesis of the second-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the third-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform, and the two nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuits correspond to the second-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the third-order nonlinear distortion analog waveform respectively. Namely: nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuits may be provided for the second-order (2 f) and third-order (3 f) nonlinear distortions, respectively, and in this embodiment, one nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit is provided after the second-order (2 f) and third-order (3 f) nonlinear distortions are synthesized. Thus, in the second step: the spectrum analyzer is a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit which detects quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion analog waveforms from output ports of two channels, generates a quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity for the distorted analog waveforms of the two channels, and inputs the generated two distorted digital waveforms into the two channels.
In the examples: the digital signal receiving and processing circuit is a programmable gate array FPGA circuit, the FPGA circuit is used for receiving and storing digital waveform information sent by the controller through programming of the programmable gate array, receiving trigger information sent by the controller, and controlling digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the isolation circuit; the connecting line between the controller and the FPGA comprises a data line for SPI communication, a reference clock line and a trigger. SPI communication, including three signals CLK, CNV, and DATA. The controller sends the waveform synthesis information to the FPGA, and the FPGA controls a digital-to-analog conversion circuit (DAC) to generate a waveform signal through the ISO.
The controller can be divided into an upper computer and a lower computer, the upper computer can be a microprocessor and is used for receiving and processing the selection of the user on the output of the channel signal source to generate digital waveform signals with corresponding amplitudes and frequencies, the lower computer can use a programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, the lower computer receives the digital signals of the upper computer and arranges and controls the signal connection with the first signal synthesis channel 2 and the second signal synthesis channel 3 and the connection with the spectrum analyzer 4.
Wherein: the isolation circuit is an electro-optical isolator, the electro-optical isolator realizes isolation of control signals of the digital signal receiving processing circuit and the digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and the electro-optical isolator has two possible implementation modes: firstly, the method is realized by adopting a high-speed optical isolation chip, such as ADUM3440 CRWZ; the second is realized by adopting optical fiber, optical fiber transmitter and optical fiber receiver, for example, the optical fiber transmitter adopts HFBR-1527, and the receiver adopts HFBR-2526.
Wherein: the low-pass filter circuit is an active low-pass filter and is used for filtering high-frequency noise of a DAC output port, and the 3dB bandwidth of the low-pass filter circuit is 20 kHz-100 kHz.
The adder e is mainly responsible for realizing the superposition of signals of the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit, and is composed of an operational amplifier and a series of precise resistors in the prior art.
The spectrum analyzer is a standard device on the market, and can be always connected with the channel output and the controller, however, after the regulation is stable, the regulation basically does not occur. Therefore, the preferred scheme in this embodiment is: the spectrum analyzer is a removable device, and is removed when the signal output by the signal source meets the requirement, so that the spectrum analyzer is removed after the channel is stably output, and the follow-up application of the dual-channel signal source is facilitated.
According to the embodiment of the method for realizing the dual-channel signal source based on the nonlinear distortion cancellation, the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit is used for canceling the second and third nonlinear distortions carried in the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit, and the method has the advantages of low harmonic distortion and pure frequency spectrum. Tests show that the highest nonlinear distortion of the output port of the dual-channel signal source is at least 90dBc lower than the fundamental frequency component, and the effect is obvious.
Claims (10)
1. The signal source comprises a control unit, a first signal synthesis channel and a second signal synthesis channel, wherein the first signal synthesis channel and the second signal synthesis channel respectively comprise a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit, the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit respectively comprise a digital signal receiving and processing circuit, an isolation circuit, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit and a low-pass filter circuit which are sequentially connected, and the outputs of the fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit are synthesized by an adder to form channel signal source output; the output of the signal source is connected with a spectrum analyzer which monitors and controls the output signal of the signal source through a control unit;
the step of monitoring and controlling the signal source output signal execution comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the control unit firstly generates digital waveform information of corresponding amplitude and frequency according to the selection of a user on the channel signal source output, and then sends the digital waveform information to a fundamental frequency component synthesis circuit of a signal synthesis channel, and the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit inputs zero;
the second step is that: the control unit generates a secondary nonlinear distortion digital waveform and a tertiary nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity according to the secondary nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the tertiary nonlinear distortion analog waveform detected by the spectrum analyzer from the signal source output port, and inputs the generated distortion digital waveform into the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit;
the third step: the control unit judges whether the amplitude of the secondary nonlinear distortion and the third nonlinear distortion detected from the output port of the signal source by the spectrum analyzer is lower than a threshold value set based on the decibel number of the fundamental frequency component, if the amplitude of the secondary nonlinear distortion and the third nonlinear distortion is lower than the threshold value, the input of the distorted digital waveform to the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit is kept, and if the amplitude of the distorted digital waveform is higher than the threshold value, the fourth step is executed;
the fourth step: the control unit adjusts the amplitude and phase of the second and third order nonlinear distorted digital waveforms and returns to the third step.
2. The dual-channel signal source and the waveform synthesis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is capable of inputting the same or different digital waveform information to the two channels for selection, the waveform information and amplitude between the two channels are independent and adjustable, and the phase between the two channels is adjustable.
3. The dual channel signal source and waveform synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step: the spectrum analyzer is a nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit which detects quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion analog waveforms from output ports of two channels, generates a quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion digital waveform with the same phase and opposite polarity for the distorted analog waveforms of the two channels, and inputs the generated two distorted digital waveforms into the two channels.
4. The dual-channel signal source and the waveform synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein the digital waveform information in the first step is a digitized baseband signal extracted by digitizing an analog waveform expressed by a sin function to be synthesized on Matlab.
5. The dual-channel signal source and waveform synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein the number of the nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuits is one or two, one nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuit corresponds to the synthesis of the quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortion analog waveforms, and two nonlinear distortion component synthesis circuits correspond to the quadratic nonlinear distortion analog waveform and the cubic nonlinear distortion analog waveform, respectively.
6. The dual-channel signal source and the waveform synthesis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital signal receiving and processing circuit is a FPGA (field programmable gate array) circuit, the FPGA circuit is used for receiving and storing digital waveform information sent by the controller, receiving trigger information sent by the controller, and controlling digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the isolation circuit.
7. The dual-channel signal source and waveform synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein the isolation circuit is an electro-optical isolator, and the isolation circuit is configured to isolate the control signal of the digital signal receiving and processing circuit from the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.
8. The dual-channel signal source and waveform synthesis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-pass filter circuit is an active low-pass filter with a 3dB bandwidth of 20 kHz-100 kHz.
9. The dual channel signal source and method of waveform synthesis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spectrum analyzer is a removable device that is removed when the signal from the signal source is satisfactory.
10. The dual channel signal source and waveform synthesis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the threshold is at least 90dBc below the fundamental frequency component for quadratic and cubic nonlinear distortions.
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