CN114137716A - Astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation and observation method - Google Patents
Astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation and observation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114137716A CN114137716A CN202111487213.8A CN202111487213A CN114137716A CN 114137716 A CN114137716 A CN 114137716A CN 202111487213 A CN202111487213 A CN 202111487213A CN 114137716 A CN114137716 A CN 114137716A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
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Abstract
The invention provides an astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation, wherein an optical system of the astronomical telescope comprises a main mirror, a third mirror, an auxiliary mirror, a main focus correcting lens group and a main focus camera which are sequentially arranged on a first optical axis along the direction of a light path, a focus resistance camera positioned on one side of the third mirror, a visual lens group and an eyepiece which are positioned on the other side of the third mirror and are sequentially arranged along the direction of the light path; the secondary mirror is reversible to be switchable between a state of switching in the optical path and a state of switching out the optical path, and is configured to reflect light from the primary mirror to the third mirror when switching in the optical path; the third mirror is rotatable and is configured to switchably transmit light from the secondary mirror to the focus tolerant camera or the visual lens group. The invention also provides a corresponding coke-resistant, main coke and a visual system observation method. The invention realizes the functions of visual observation, large-view-field sky observation and high-resolution imaging of the large-caliber telescope in one telescope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical system design, and particularly relates to an astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation.
Background
The large-view-field sky-patrol observation and high-resolution imaging observation are main modes of astronomical observation, and the observation of a visual system is an important means for astronomical science popularization learning; in order to meet the requirements of astronomers on large-field roving photography of more and darker targets, more fixed stars, extraterrestrial systems, star clusters, star clouds and the like, high-resolution imaging of specific targets and the like, scientists have high requirements on astronomical telescopes, and the astronomical telescopes are required to observe more targets in a large-field roving manner and have a high-resolution imaging analysis function; the method is more general: for large-field-of-view sky patrol, a main focus system can be adopted, and a carking focus or focus-resistant system is adopted for realizing high-resolution imaging and spectral analysis. For astronomical popularization work, visual observation is an important means for meeting astronomical popularization learning of astronomical popularization enthusiasts and teenagers, so that the teenagers and the public have deep perceptual knowledge on astronomical observation. Therefore, the observation platform has the functions of astronomical scientific observation and astronomical popular science observation.
At present, a 1.2-meter photoelectric telescope developed by a Shanghai astronomical table of Chinese academy of sciences for a national astronomical satellite observation station of national astronomical table of Chinese academy of sciences at home is provided with a main focus and a focus clamping system, can realize the functions of main focus large-view-field sky inspection and focus clamping high-resolution imaging, but the telescope is not provided with an astronomical common observation mode, namely observation by a visual system. A1-meter telescope is arranged in foreign Japanese Shiyuan island, and the telescope has a focus-resistant system and a visual system at the same time, can realize high-resolution imaging and a popular science observation function of the visual system, but does not have a prime focus large-view-field sky patrol function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an astronomical telescope integrating the functions of focus resistance, main focus and visual observation, so that the functions of astronomical scientific observation and astronomical popular observation are integrated into a large-caliber telescope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation, wherein an optical system of the astronomical telescope comprises a main mirror, a third mirror, an auxiliary mirror, a main focus correcting lens group and a main focus camera which are sequentially arranged on a first optical axis along the direction of a light path, a focus resistance camera positioned on one side of the third mirror, a visual lens group and an eyepiece which are positioned on the other side of the third mirror and are sequentially arranged along the direction of the light path; the secondary mirror is reversible to be switchable between a state of switching in the optical path and a state of switching out the optical path, and is configured to reflect light from the primary mirror to the third mirror when switching in the optical path; the third mirror is rotatable and is configured to switchably transmit light from the secondary mirror to the focus tolerant camera or the visual lens group.
The telescope also comprises a mechanical part, wherein the mechanical part comprises a telescope base, an azimuth yoke which is arranged on the telescope base and can rotate relative to the telescope base, a middle block which is arranged on the arm of the azimuth yoke through a rotating bearing of the azimuth yoke, a guide star mirror which is fixed on the middle block of the telescope, and an auxiliary lens ring which is fixedly arranged above the middle block through a truss.
The main focus correction lens group is arranged in a main focus lens barrel, the auxiliary lens ring is arranged on the outer side of the main focus lens barrel, and the main focus camera is coaxially arranged at the top of the main focus lens barrel.
The auxiliary mirror is arranged on an auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism, and the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism is fixed on the truss in a turnover mode through a screw and an anchor ear.
The primary mirror is arranged in a primary mirror chamber at the lower end of the middle block, and the primary mirror chamber is connected with the middle block through a screw.
The focus-tolerant camera is arranged on one side of the rotating bearing of the middle block, the visual lens group and the ocular lens are arranged on the other side of the rotating bearing of the middle block, and the visual lens group is arranged in a visual lens barrel.
The auxiliary lens ring is fixedly connected with the main focus lens barrel through four supporting blades and screws on the inner side of the auxiliary lens ring.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for observing a main focus system, which is based on the above-mentioned astronomical telescope integrating focus tolerance, main focus and visual observation, and comprises:
s1: switching the secondary mirror out of the optical path by turning;
s2: images are acquired with a main focus camera.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for observing a focus-tolerant system, based on an astronomical telescope integrating focus tolerance, main focus and visual observation, comprising:
s1': cutting the secondary mirror into the optical path by flipping;
s2': rotating the third mirror along the optical axis of the main mirror to the direction opposite to the focus-tolerant camera;
s3': images are acquired with a focus tolerant camera.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for observing a visual system based on the above-mentioned astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation, comprising:
s1': cutting the secondary mirror into the optical path by flipping;
s2': rotating the third mirror along the optical axis of the main mirror to a direction opposite to the visual lens group;
s3': the image was visually observed using an eyepiece.
The astronomical telescope integrating the functions of coke resistance, main coke and visual observation integrates three functions of main coke large-view-field sky observation, coke resistance (or coke clamping) high-resolution imaging observation and visual system popular science observation into one large-caliber telescope, namely, the astronomical scientific observation and astronomical popular science study are realized by integrating one large-caliber telescope, so that the astronomical telescope can be used for carrying out visual observation at night for the public and carrying out astronomical observation and professional subject research for astronomical professionals, so that the organic combination of the astronomical scientific observation and astronomical popular science study is realized, and the reasons of large-caliber telescope construction cost, long period and the like are considered. The telescope is provided with an astronomical scientific observation mode and an astronomical popular observation mode, namely, the telescope is simultaneously provided with main-focus large-view-field sky observation, focus-resistant (or focus-stuck) high-resolution imaging observation and visual system astronomical popular observation functions.
The design of the optical system in the invention enables the 1 m telescope to integrate three functions of the main focus system large-view-field sky observation, the focus-resistant system target high-resolution imaging and the visual system direct eye observation, and integrates multiple functions into one telescope by considering the construction period and cost of the large-caliber telescope so as to reduce the number of the required large-caliber telescopes and further reduce the total construction cost and period. The multifunctional large-caliber telescope can meet the requirements of astronomical scientific observation research, astronomical popular science observation and astronomical knowledge propagation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of an astronomical telescope with integral focus resistance, main focus, and visual observation according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a general view of an optical system of a three-dimensional configuration diagram of the astronomical telescope integrated with the focus resistance, the main focus, and the visual observation shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an optical path diagram of the primary focus system of the astronomical telescope integrated with the focus resistance, the primary focus, and the visual observation shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a mechanical configuration diagram of the primary focus system of the astronomical telescope integrated with focus resistance, primary focus and visual observation as shown in FIG. 1
Fig. 5 is an optical path diagram of a focus-tolerant system of the astronomical telescope integrated with focus tolerance, main focus, and visual observation as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a mechanical configuration diagram of a focus system of the astronomical telescope integrated with focus resistance, main focus, and visual observation as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an optical path diagram of a visual system of the astronomical telescope integrated with the focus resistance, the main focus, and the visual observation shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a mechanical configuration diagram of a visual system of the astronomical telescope integrated with the focus resistance, the main focus, and the visual observation shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is an optical configuration diagram of a visual lens group of a visual system of an astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus, and the visual observation as shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
1-primary mirror, 2-secondary mirror, 3-third mirror, 4-primary focus correcting lens group, 41-primary focus lens barrel, 5-focus-tolerant camera, 6-visual lens group, 60-visual lens barrel, 7-ocular lens, 8-primary focus camera, 9-secondary lens ring, 91-supporting blade, 10-truss, 11-guide star mirror, 12-middle block, 13-azimuth yoke, 14-telescope base, 101-primary mirror chamber; 61-biconvex lens, 62-biconcave lens, 63-biconvex lens, 64-biconvex lens, 65-biconcave lens, 66-biconvex lens.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 show an astronomical telescope with focus resistance, main focus and visual observation according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is suitable for large-caliber astronomical telescopes. The telescope solves the problem that the scientific research and astronomical science popularization education functions are difficult to apply in one telescope at present, and integrates the functions of large-view-field sky observation, high-resolution imaging of specific targets and visual system observation. In this embodiment, the telescope is a reflective telescope and has a 1 meter aperture.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the telescope includes an optical system, and the optical system of the telescope specifically includes: the main lens 1, the third lens 3, the auxiliary lens 2, the main focus correcting lens group 4 and the main focus camera 8 are sequentially arranged on the first optical axis along the direction of the optical path, the focus-tolerant camera 5 is positioned on one side of the third lens 3, and the visual lens group 6 and the ocular lens 7 are sequentially arranged on the other side of the third lens 3 along the direction of the optical path. The third mirror 3 is rotatable and is configured to switchably transmit light from the sub-mirror 2 to the focus tolerant camera 5 or the visual lens group 6; the secondary mirror 2 is reversible to be switchable between a state of switching in the optical path and a state of switching out the optical path, and is arranged to reflect light from the primary mirror 1 to the tertiary mirror 3 at the time of switching in the optical path.
Therefore, the optical system forms three sets of observation systems, namely a focus-resistant system, a main focus system and a visual system, and further can realize multifunctional observation of the main focus large-view-field imaging system, the focus-resistant high-resolution imaging system and the visual observation system. Three sets of observation systems share one main mirror 1, the conversion of a main focus system and a focus-resistant system and the conversion of the main focus system and a visual system are realized by switching the auxiliary mirror 2, and when the auxiliary mirror 2 is switched out of a light path, the main focus system works; when the secondary mirror 2 is cut into the light path, the switching between the focus-resistant system and the visual observation system is realized by rotating the third mirror by 0 degree/180 degrees.
In addition, the telescope further comprises a mechanical part, wherein the mechanical part comprises a telescope base 14, an azimuth yoke 13 which is arranged on the telescope base 14 and can rotate relative to the telescope base 14, an intermediate block 12 which is arranged on the arm of the azimuth yoke 13 through a rotating bearing of the intermediate block, a guide star mirror 11 which is fixed on the telescope intermediate block 12, and an auxiliary lens ring 9 which is fixedly arranged above the intermediate block 12 through a truss 10. The primary focus correction lens group 4 is mounted in a primary focus lens barrel 41, the secondary lens ring 9 is mounted on the outer side of the primary focus lens barrel 41, and the primary focus camera 8 is coaxially mounted on the top of the primary focus lens barrel 41. The auxiliary mirror 2 is arranged on an auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15, and the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 is fixed on the truss 10 in a turnover mode through a screw and a hoop, so that when the auxiliary mirror needs to be removed, the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 can perform turnover movement on the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 by loosening a locking screw, and the auxiliary mirror 2 can be switched out of a light path, and the function of switching a main focus system is achieved. The primary mirror 1 is mounted in a primary mirror chamber 101 at the lower end of the intermediate block 12, and the primary mirror chamber 101 is connected to the intermediate block 12 by screws. The third mirror is fixed in the main mirror housing 101 by means of holes and screws in the main mirror housing 101. Therefore, the primary mirror 1, the secondary mirror 2, the third mirror 3, the primary focus correction lens group 4, the primary focus camera 8, the secondary mirror ring 9, the truss 10, the star guide mirror 11 and the middle block 12 jointly form a telescope tube. In the present embodiment, the focus tolerant camera 5 is disposed on one side of the rotational bearing of the intermediate block 12, the visual lens group 6 and the eyepiece 7 are disposed on the other side of the rotational bearing of the intermediate block 12, and the visual lens group 6 is mounted in a visual lens barrel 60.
In particular, the telescope base 14 serves as a foundation for carrying the telescope moving parts. The azimuth yoke 13 is used for driving the telescope tube (comprising the primary mirror 1, the secondary mirror 2, the third mirror 3, the primary focus correcting lens group 4, the primary focus camera 8, the secondary mirror ring 9, the truss 10, the guide star mirror 11 and the middle block 12) to rotate through the azimuth yoke 13 when the telescope rotates, and the telescope tube is connected with the arm of the azimuth yoke 13 through a rotating bearing. The middle block 12 is an important middle bearing part for bearing the main mirror 1 at the lower end and the truss 10, the secondary mirror ring 9, the secondary mirror 2 and the main focus correcting mirror group 4 at the upper end, the middle block 12 is provided with a rotating bearing penetrating through the middle block, and the rotating bearing is erected on the arm of the azimuth yoke 13. The star guide lens 11 is used for large-view-field small-caliber observation and is fixed on the middle block 12 through a screw and a hoop. These telescope optical mechanical structure components constitute a multifunctional 1 m telescope. The truss 10 and the auxiliary mirror ring 9, and the truss 10 and the middle block 12 are all fixedly connected through screws. The sub-lens ring 9 is fixedly connected to the main focus lens barrel 41 by four support blades 91 and screws on the inner side thereof, whereby the sub-lens ring 9 supports and fixes the spatial position of the main focus correction lens group 4 in the telescope optical system.
The sub-mirror yaw positioning mechanism 15 is a mechanism that is fixed to the truss 10 and can be freely turned (specifically, can be freely turned by loosening a fixing screw), and its operation principle is referred to in patent document No. 202120441498.0, "a switching positioning device and an astronomical telescope including the switching device".
The astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation can realize the switching of the main focus system, the focus resistance system and the visual system through the switching of working modes.
First, main focus system
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the main focus system (i.e., the main focus large field imaging system) is a set of refraction and reflection systems, and the star incident light enters the main mirror 1 along a direction parallel to the first optical axis, then is reflected by the main mirror 1 to directly reach the main focus correcting lens group 4, and is imaged to the main focus camera 9 after passing through the main focus correcting lens group 4, so as to realize large field imaging. The main-focus large-field imaging system adopts a Ritchey-Chretien optical system as a basis, the independent light path diagram of the main-focus large-field imaging system is shown in figures 3 and 4, the front-end telescope part of the main-focus system comprises a main mirror 1 and a main-focus correcting lens group 4, and the main-focus system further comprises a main-focus camera 8. In the present embodiment, the focal ratio of the main mirror 1 is F2.0, the focal ratio of the main focal system is F2.2, and the field of view is 1.5 °; the main focus camera 8 is a color CMOS camera with a target surface larger than 4K × 4K. The main focus system, the focus-resistant system and the visual system share the same main mirror 1 to obtain large-view-field observation.
In consideration of factors such as the processing cost of the main mirror 1, the length of the telescope tube, and the purchase cost of the main focus camera 8, the main focus system converts the focal ratio of the main mirror 1 from F2.0 to F2.2 by using the main focus correcting lens group 4 by combining the main mirror 1 and the main focus correcting lens group 4, and the single pixel is 3.76 micrometers corresponding to the target surface of the main focus camera 8 larger than 4K × 4K (the main focus camera 8 specifically selects QHY CMOS:60.3mm × 47.9 mm). When the main focus system is used for observing the galaxy and the astron, the working waveband bandwidth is wide, and the observation with large view field, small focal ratio and wide spectrum is realized by adopting the optical design of the main mirror 1 and the correcting mirror group 4.
The astronomical telescope integrating the functions of focus resistance, main focus and visual observation provided by the invention has the following specific steps:
step S1: and loosening the locking screw of the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15, and overturning the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 so as to switch the auxiliary mirror 2 out of the optical path through overturning, thereby realizing the function of switching the main focus system.
The auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 is fixed on the truss 10 through a screw and an anchor ear, when a main focal system is observed, namely when the auxiliary mirror needs to be removed, the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 loosens a locking screw, the mechanism can perform turning motion to switch the auxiliary mirror 2 out of an optical path, therefore, the astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation is switched into an optical path diagram of the main focal system shown in figure 3 and a mechanical structure of the main focal system shown in figure 4, the main focal system work is realized through optical elements of the main mirror 1, the main focus correcting lens group 4 and the main focus camera 8, starlight realizes a complete main focus large-view-field imaging function through the optical elements, and large-view-field observation is realized.
Step S2: images are acquired with the main focus camera 8.
Second, resistant burnt system
The focus-tolerant system is a high-resolution reflective imaging system for a certain day target, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a front-end telescope part of the focus-tolerant system is composed of a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2 and a third mirror 3, incident light of a fixed star is reflected to the secondary mirror 2 through the primary mirror 1, and then reflected to a height axis focus-tolerant focal plane position of a focus-tolerant camera 5 through the third mirror 3, that is, a focal point of the focus-tolerant system is imaged on a target surface of the focus-tolerant camera 5. The focal length ratio of the focal length system is 9.2, and diffraction limit high-resolution imaging of 10 'multiplied by 10' can be provided, and the whole focal length system is formed by optical elements: the three reflectors consist of a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a third mirror, and the surfaces of the three reflectors are plated with metal reflecting films to realize full-wave-band reflection, so that a wider spectrum working range can be met. The focus tolerant camera 5 may also be used for scientific purposes such as spectral measurements requiring a smaller field of view for certain sidereal observations.
The observation method of the focus-resistant system based on the astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation comprises the following specific steps:
step S1': loosening a locking screw of the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15, and turning over the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 so as to cut the auxiliary mirror 2 into the light path through turning over;
at this time, the focus-tolerant system is complete and comprises a main mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a third mirror 3 and a focus-tolerant camera 5.
Step S2': as shown in fig. 5, the third mirror 3 is rotated along the optical axis of the main mirror 1 to a direction facing the focus tolerant camera 5, that is, the third mirror 3 is rotated to a 0 degree position (the custom focus tolerant position is a 0 degree position) to image the focal point of the optical path on the focus tolerant camera 5. Thus, a complete focal tolerant system can be built to obtain high resolution imaging.
Step S3': images are acquired with a focus tolerant camera 5.
Three, visual system
The astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation can provide the visual observation function, and can directly and clearly observe celestial objects such as moon or earth star, wooden star, star cloud and star cluster and the like on the telescope through a visual system by naked eyes. When a person looks at a fixed star on the day with eyes, only a bright star can be seen because the light collected by the pupil into the eye is very little, and in addition, the resolution of the eye is only 1', so the eye can only see the bright star and cannot see details clearly. The visual system of the astronomical telescope is an object directly observed by human eyes and is an important component of the astronomical telescope, and the astronomical telescope can be used for observing the astronomical telescope after the astronomical telescope is provided with the visual system.
Fig. 7 and 8 show the optical path and mechanical structure of the visual system of the astronomical telescope of the present invention integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation. The focus of the visual lens group 6 is superposed with the focus of the front telescope part of the visual system, the front telescope part of the visual system comprises a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2 and a third mirror 3, the light collected by the front telescope part is focused at the focus, and the light becomes parallel light after passing through the visual lens group 6 and an ocular lens 7 and enters the eyes of an observer. The eyepiece 7 can realize different magnifications of the observed target, namely the magnifying power is equal to the focal length of the telescope divided by the focal length of the eyepiece, so that light rays coming out of the visual lens group 6 can enter the pupil of the eye, and darker stars can be seen. At the same time, the beam angle coming out of the visual system into the eye is enlarged compared to before, so that a smaller detail of the resolution 1' of the human eye is possible. Therefore, the main function of the visual system is to magnify the image, the visual system magnifies the image formed by the telescope, and the observation of the planet near the earth has good observation effect, such as moon, earth star, wood star, and the like.
In this embodiment, the visual lens group 6 is mounted in a visual lens barrel, and the optical structure of the visual lens group 6 is designed according to the R _ C structure of the telescope main optical system. The optical structure of the visual lens group 6 is shown in fig. 9, and includes the following 6 lenses arranged in sequence: a first biconvex lens 61, a first biconcave lens 62, a second biconcave lens 63, a third biconvex lens 64, a second biconcave lens 65 and a fourth biconvex lens 66, the first biconvex lens 61, the first biconcave lens 62 and the second biconvex lens 63 constituting a first lens group, and the third biconvex lens 64, the second biconcave lens 65 and the third biconvex lens 66 constituting a second lens group. Wherein, the air space between the first double convex positive lens 61 and the first double concave negative lens 62 is 2.8mm, and the air space between the first double concave negative lens 62 and the second double convex positive lens 63 is 1.5 mm; the air interval of the two groups of lens groups is 828 mm; the air space between the third double convex positive lens 64 and the second double concave negative lens 65 is 1.5mm, and the air space between the second double concave negative lens 65 and the fourth double convex positive lens 66 is 2.8 mm. In the present embodiment, physical parameters of each lens of the visual lens group 6 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 visual lens physical parameters in a lens group
The observation method of the visual system based on the astronomical telescope integrating the focus resistance, the main focus and the visual observation comprises the following steps:
step S1 ″: loosening a locking screw of the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15, and turning over the auxiliary mirror deflection positioning mechanism 15 so as to cut the auxiliary mirror 2 into the light path through turning over;
step S2 ″: the third mirror is rotated along the optical axis (vertical line direction of the main mirror) of the main mirror 1 to the direction facing the visual lens group 6, that is, the third mirror 3 is rotated to the 180 degree position (the self-defined focus-resistant position is the 0 degree position) to image the focus of the optical path on the focus of the visual lens group 6. Therefore, a complete visual system can be established, and the visual system comprises the main mirror 1, the auxiliary mirror 2, the third mirror 3, the visual lens group 6 and the ocular lens 7, and the visual observation of human eyes can be realized through the operations.
Step S3 ″: the image is visually observed through the eyepiece 7.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes may be made in the above embodiments of the present invention. All simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present patent application. The invention has not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation is characterized in that an optical system comprises a main lens, a third lens, an auxiliary lens, a main focus correcting lens group and a main focus camera which are sequentially arranged on a first optical axis along the direction of a light path, a focus resistance camera positioned on one side of the third lens, a visual lens group and an eyepiece which are positioned on the other side of the third lens and are sequentially arranged along the direction of the light path;
the secondary mirror is reversible to be switchable between a state of switching in the optical path and a state of switching out the optical path, and is configured to reflect light from the primary mirror to the third mirror when switching in the optical path; the third mirror is rotatable and is configured to switchably transmit light from the secondary mirror to the focus tolerant camera or the visual lens group.
2. The astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation according to claim 1, wherein the telescope further comprises a mechanical part, the mechanical part comprises a telescope base, an azimuth yoke mounted on the telescope base and rotatable relative to the telescope base, an intermediate block mounted on an arm of the azimuth yoke through a rotating bearing thereof, a star guide fixed on the intermediate block of the telescope, and an auxiliary lens ring fixedly mounted above the intermediate block through a truss.
3. The astronomical telescope with focus tolerance, main focus and visual observation as claimed in claim 2, wherein said main focus correcting lens group is mounted in a main focus lens barrel, said auxiliary lens ring is mounted on the outer side of the main focus lens barrel, and said main focus camera is coaxially mounted on the top of the main focus lens barrel.
4. The telescope of claim 2, wherein said secondary mirror is mounted on a secondary mirror yaw positioning mechanism, said secondary mirror yaw positioning mechanism being pivotally secured to said truss frame by screws and brackets.
5. The telescope of claim 2, wherein the primary mirror is mounted in a primary mirror chamber at the lower end of the intermediate block, and the primary mirror chamber is connected to the intermediate block by screws.
6. The astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation according to claim 2, wherein said focus resistance camera is disposed on one side of the rotational bearing of the intermediate block, said visual lens group and eyepiece are disposed on the other side of the rotational bearing of the intermediate block, and said visual lens group is mounted in a visual lens barrel.
7. The astronomical telescope integrating focus resistance, main focus and visual observation according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary ring is fixedly connected with the main focus lens barrel through four supporting blades and screws on the inner side of the auxiliary ring.
8. A method for observing a prime focus system, based on the astronomical telescope with integrated focus tolerance, prime focus and visual observation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
step S1: switching the secondary mirror out of the optical path by turning;
step S2: images are acquired with a main focus camera.
9. Observation method of a resistant focus system, based on an astronomical telescope according to any one of claims 1 to 7, integrating resistant focus, main focus and visual observation, comprising:
step S1': cutting the secondary mirror into the optical path by flipping;
step S2': rotating the third mirror along the optical axis of the main mirror to the direction opposite to the focus-tolerant camera;
step S3': images are acquired with a focus tolerant camera.
10. A method of observing a visual system based on the astronomical telescope with integrated focal resistance, main focus and visual observation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
step S1 ″: cutting the secondary mirror into the optical path by flipping;
step S2 ″: rotating the third mirror along the optical axis of the main mirror to a direction opposite to the visual lens group;
step S3 ″: the image was visually observed using an eyepiece.
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| CN117666094A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber large-view-field telescope optical structure |
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2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111487213.8A patent/CN114137716A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117666094A (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-03-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber large-view-field telescope optical structure |
| CN117666094B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-04-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber large-view-field telescope optical structure |
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