CN114122165A - Manufacturing method of photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122165A CN114122165A CN202111423049.4A CN202111423049A CN114122165A CN 114122165 A CN114122165 A CN 114122165A CN 202111423049 A CN202111423049 A CN 202111423049A CN 114122165 A CN114122165 A CN 114122165A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003375 sulfoxide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
- H01L31/022433—Particular geometry of the grid contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1868—Passivation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and provides a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of manufacturing cell segments, and specifically comprises the following steps: obtaining a solar cell; cutting the solar cell along a direction vertical to the main grid line of the solar cell to form a plurality of cell sub-pieces; and arranging a first passivation layer on a cutting surface of the battery piece, wherein the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting, and the first passivation layer comprises an electrochemical polarization material. Through the technical scheme, the problems that in the prior art, the edge recombination degree of a photovoltaic module formed by half cells is high, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is reduced are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the development of photovoltaic technology is rapid, the application range is wide, the market demand for high-efficiency components is increasing day by day, the output power of the components is improved, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the application of a new technology of a driving component is mature.
At present, a half-cell technology, a tiling technology and a splicing technology are very popular, a half-cell assembly generally adopts a laser cutting method to cut a standard-specification cell into half-cells, the laser cutting technology causes the half-cells to have higher recombination at the cut edges, and a large number of dangling bonds and defect states exist on the surface, so that the half-cells become effective recombination centers of current carriers. Therefore, the cut edges should be blunted to reduce edge recombination, but the industry currently lacks a matching edge blunting technique.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module and the photovoltaic module, and solves the problem that the output power of the photovoltaic module is reduced due to high edge recombination degree of the photovoltaic module consisting of half cells in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module includes a step of manufacturing a cell segment, and specifically includes:
obtaining a solar cell;
cutting the solar cell along a direction vertical to the main grid line of the solar cell to form a plurality of cell sub-pieces;
and arranging a first passivation layer on a cutting surface of the battery piece, wherein the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting, and the first passivation layer comprises an electrochemical polarization material.
Further, still include:
arranging the first passivation layer on the surface of the second passivation layer; the second passivation layer is: the solar cell comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer; the second passivation layer also covers the side face of the solar cell piece; the refractive index of the first passivation layer is less than the refractive index of the second passivation layer.
Further, still include:
and connecting the plurality of battery slices with the first passivation layer, and packaging through a back plate and a cover plate.
Further, the electrochemically polarized material is an organic passivation material comprising a sulfoxide structure.
Further, the electrochemically polarized material also includes a low dimensional material.
Further, the first passivation layer is disposed by a coating process.
Further, the thickness of the first passivation layer is 20nm-800 nm.
Further, to the solar wafer cuts, forms a plurality of battery fragments, specifically includes:
and equally dividing the solar cell piece n into equal parts, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1.
In a second aspect, a photovoltaic module is formed by connecting a plurality of cell segments, the cell segments are formed by cutting solar cells along main grid lines of the solar cells, a cutting surface of each cell segment is provided with a first passivation layer, the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting, and each first passivation layer comprises an electrochemical polarization material.
Further, the first passivation layer covers the second passivation layer; the second passivation layer is: the solar cell comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer; the second passivation layer also covers the side face of the solar cell piece; the refractive index of the first passivation layer is less than the refractive index of the second passivation layer.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
in the present invention, the first passivation layer comprises an electrochemically polarizable material. The electrochemical polarization material forms dipole ordered arrangement on the cut side surface, the orientation is consistent, a polarization field is formed, few electrons are far away from the interface through the driving of the interface ferroelectric polarization field, and therefore the purpose of passivating the crystal surface defects is achieved.
Therefore, the passivation layer is arranged on the cutting surface of the battery slice and combined with the suspended key and the defect state in the cutting surface, so that edge recombination is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic module are improved, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is further improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a solar cell in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a battery segment in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a battery segment according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic process diagram of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the refractive index and the crosslinked ethylene-t-butene sulfonated polymer film;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a photovoltaic module according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module of the present invention with the characteristic curve of the conventional photovoltaic module;
in the figure: the solar cell module comprises 1 solar cell, 2 cell sub-modules, 3 second passivation layers, 4 first passivation layers, 5 main grid lines and 6 machine tables.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including:
step S1: as shown in fig. 2, a solar cell sheet 1 is provided, the solar cell sheet 1 including:
the main grid lines 5 and the thin grid lines are positioned on the surface of the battery piece; and the second passivation layer 3 surrounds the surface and the side face of the battery piece.
The main grid line 5 and the thin grid line form a circuit to be connected with an external circuit.
Step S2: as shown in fig. 3, the solar cell sheet 1 is cut to form a plurality of cell segments 2. Among them, the solar cell 1 is generally cut by laser, and the cut side surface has a large number of dangling bonds and defect states, which become effective recombination centers of carriers, resulting in higher edge recombination.
Step S3: and arranging a first passivation layer 4 on a cutting surface of the battery fragment 2, wherein the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting. As shown in fig. 4, the first passivation layer 4 is formed to cover the side surface formed after the cutting of the battery piece.
Wherein the first passivation layer 4 comprises an electrochemically polarizable material. The electrochemical polarization material forms dipole ordered arrangement on the cut side surface, the orientation is consistent, a polarization field is formed, few electrons are far away from the interface through the driving of the interface ferroelectric polarization field, and therefore the purpose of passivating the crystal surface defects is achieved.
Therefore, the side face formed by cutting the cell slice 2 is provided with the passivation layer comprising the electrochemical polarization material, and the passivation layer is combined with the suspension key and the defect state in the cut side face, so that edge recombination is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic module are improved, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is further improved. Meanwhile, the manufacturing process is simple, the first passivation layer can be only a single-layer film, the process requirement is low, the operation is simple, and the low-cost industrial mass production of products is realized.
In the above manufacturing method, the solar cell 1 includes: first and second opposing surfaces; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer 3; the second passivation layer 3 also covers the side surfaces of the solar cell sheet 1. The first passivation layer covers the second passivation layer; wherein the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4 is smaller than the refractive index of the second passivation layer 3.
The second passivation layer 3 is generally made of ITO or silicon nitride material, and plays a role in reducing light reflection and improving the light utilization rate of the device; and the first passivation layer 4 is formed on the surface of the first passivation layer 4, and the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4 is smaller than that of the second passivation layer 3, so that the light reflection loss is further reduced, the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the light utilization rate of the device is improved.
Further, the solar cell panel 1 further includes: the light-sensitive circuit comprises main grid lines 5 and thin grid lines, wherein the main grid lines 5 and the thin grid lines are positioned on the light-sensitive surface and form a circuit for collecting photo-generated current generated by a battery.
Note that the fine grid lines are not shown in the figures, and are located on the photosensitive surface and perpendicular to the main grid lines 5, and meanwhile, the fine grid lines are in contact with the battery piece.
Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module formed by the manufacturing method has the advantages that the first passivation layer 4 is added, the light reflection loss is reduced, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the probability of hot spots is greatly reduced, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic process diagram of a manufacturing process of a photovoltaic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the method for forming the first passivation layer 4 comprises: the first passivation layer 4 is formed on the surface of the solar cell sheet 1 through a coating process.
The coating process shown in fig. 5 is spray coating, and the coating process further includes spin coating, slit coating, and the like.
The manufacturing method adopts a coating process to form the first passivation layer 4, has simple process conditions, only needs to be completed under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, does not need the process requirements of high temperature and high pressure in the prior art, is easy to operate, and realizes low-cost mass production of products.
In the above manufacturing method, the cutting the solar cell to form a plurality of cell segments 2 includes: and equally dividing the solar cell piece n into equal parts, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1. Generally, the solar cell sheet is divided into two, three, and four halves.
In the above manufacturing method, the electrochemically polarized material has both a carrier selective transport property and an edge passivation property, and also has an antireflection function. Thus, the electrochemically poled material is an organic passivation material comprising a sulfoxide structure; or the electrochemical polarization material is an organic passivation material containing a sulfoxide structure and a conductive passivation material of a low-dimensional material, the low-dimensional material can be combined with the organic passivation material on a nano layer to form a composite film, and the composite film has passivation and conductive performance and further improves the performance of the battery.
The organic passivation material including a sulfoxide structure may be selected from ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer, polyaniline sulfonic acid functionalized carbon nanotube, polystyrene sulfonic acid, and the like, and the conductive passivation material of the low-dimensional material may be PEDOT (polymer of 4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer) or a carbon-based material (e.g., carbon nanotube). In the embodiment, the organic passivation material including a sulfoxide structure is an ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer solution; the conductive passivation material of the low-dimensional material adopts PEDOT (polymer of 4-ethylene dioxythiophene monomer), and the polymer of 4-ethylene dioxythiophene monomer and tert-butylene sulfonated polymer form a conductive passivation solution.
And coating the ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer solution or a conductive passivation solution composed of PEDOT (polymer of 4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer) and ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer on the surface of the second passivation layer 3 and the side surface formed by cutting the battery slice by a coating process, and curing to form the first passivation layer 4. And finally packaging through the process links of series welding, laminating, framing, wiring box mounting, curing, testing and the like. The first passivation layer 4 is formed through a coating process, the operation is simple, the formed passivation layer is uniform, and industrial mass preparation can be realized.
In addition, the thickness of the first passivation layer 4 ranges from 20nm to 800 nm. The thickness of the first passivation layer 4 determines the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4, so that a thickness of the first passivation layer 4 of 20nm to 800nm may ensure a low refractive index of the first passivation layer 4. Typically the refractive index is below 1.4.
Taking a film formed by an ethylene-tert-butene sulfonated polymer solution as an example, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a film of an ethylene-tert-butene sulfonated polymer solution and a refractive index according to an embodiment of the present invention. The refractive index gradually decreases with increasing film thickness.
In the above manufacturing method, the manufacturing method further includes: after the plurality of battery segments 2 with the first passivation layers 4 are connected, the photovoltaic module is protected by packaging through the back plate and the cover plate, and the stability of the photovoltaic module is further improved.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic module, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, fig. 7 is a schematic front view of the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The photovoltaic module includes: the solar cell comprises a solar cell sheet 1 and a cell sub-sheet 2, wherein the solar cell sheet 1 is divided into the cell sub-sheets 2; the first passivation layer 4 covers the side face formed by cutting the battery piece 2; the first passivation layer 4 comprises an electrochemically polarizable material.
The battery slice 2 is formed by passivating the side face formed by cutting by the electrochemical polarization material, so that the side face formed by cutting is passivated, edge recombination is reduced, the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is further improved.
In the above photovoltaic module, the solar cell sheet 1 includes: first and second opposing surfaces; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer 3; the second passivation layer 3 also covers the side surface of the solar cell piece 1; the first passivation layer 4 covers the second passivation layer 3 and the side face formed by cutting the battery slice 2; wherein the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4 is smaller than the refractive index of the second passivation layer 3.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the photovoltaic module further includes: the solar cell comprises main grid lines 5 and thin grid lines, wherein the main grid lines 5 and the thin grid lines are located on the light-sensitive surface, are perpendicular to each other, and are in contact with the cell. The main grid lines 5 and the thin grid lines form a circuit for collecting photo-generated current generated by the battery.
The second passivation layer 3 is generally made of ITO or silicon nitride material, and plays a role in reducing light reflection and improving the light utilization rate of the device. And the first passivation layer 4 is formed on the surface of the first passivation layer 4, and the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4 is smaller than that of the second passivation layer 3, so that the light reflection loss is further reduced, the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the light utilization rate and the output power of the photovoltaic module are improved. Meanwhile, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, the probability of hot spots is greatly reduced, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
The organic passivation material with a sulfoxide structure may be an ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer, a polyaniline sulfonic acid functionalized carbon nanotube, polystyrene sulfonic acid, or the like, and in this embodiment, the organic passivation material with a sulfoxide structure is an ethylene-tert-butylene sulfonated polymer solution; the conductive passivation material of the low-dimensional material adopts PEDOT (polymer of 4-ethylene dioxythiophene monomer), and the polymer of 4-ethylene dioxythiophene monomer and tert-butylene sulfonated polymer form a conductive passivation solution.
In addition, the thickness of the first passivation layer 4 ranges from 20nm to 800 nm. The thickness of the first passivation layer 4 determines the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4, so that a thickness of the first passivation layer 4 of 20nm to 800nm may ensure a low refractive index of the first passivation layer 4. Typically the refractive index is below 1.4.
In the above photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module further includes: the back plate and the cover plate encapsulate the plurality of battery segments 2. Wherein, a plurality of the battery slices 2 are connected. The back plate and the cover plate protect the photovoltaic module, and therefore the stability of the photovoltaic module is improved.
As shown in fig. 9, for comparing the photovoltaic characteristics of the prior art (without organic passivation) and the present invention (after organic passivation), the dotted line represents the current-voltage curve and the power-voltage curve of the prior art, and the solid line represents the current-voltage curve and the power-voltage curve of the present invention, which are measured under the standard conditions: keeping the constant temperature platform at 25 ℃, AM1.5G,100mW/cm2. As can be seen from fig. 9, the open-circuit voltage and the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module of the present invention are higher than those of the conventional photovoltaic module.
According to the photovoltaic module and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first passivation layer 4 formed by the electrochemical polarization material covers the side face formed by cutting the cell slice 2, so that the edge recombination of the side face is reduced, the voltage of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the output power of the photovoltaic module is further improved. Meanwhile, the first passivation layer 4 covers the second passivation layer 3, and the refractive index of the first passivation layer 4 is smaller than that of the second passivation layer 3, so that the light reflection loss is further reduced, the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic module is improved, the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic module is improved, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced, and the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module is simple to operate and low in process requirement, and low-cost mass production of the photovoltaic module is achieved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the steps of manufacturing cell segments, and specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining a solar cell;
cutting the solar cell along a direction vertical to the main grid line of the solar cell to form a plurality of cell sub-pieces;
and arranging a first passivation layer on a cutting surface of the battery piece, wherein the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting, and the first passivation layer comprises an electrochemical polarization material.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
arranging the first passivation layer on the surface of the second passivation layer; the second passivation layer is: the solar cell comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer; the second passivation layer also covers the side face of the solar cell piece; the refractive index of the first passivation layer is less than the refractive index of the second passivation layer.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and connecting the plurality of battery slices with the first passivation layer, and packaging through a back plate and a cover plate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrochemically poled material is an organic passivation material comprising a sulfoxide structure.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the electrochemically poled material further comprises a low dimensional material.
6. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the first passivation layer is provided by a coating process.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first passivation layer has a thickness of 20nm to 800 nm.
8. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell is cut to form a plurality of cell segments, and specifically comprises:
and equally dividing the solar cell piece n into equal parts, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1.
9. A photovoltaic module is formed by connecting a plurality of battery fragments and is characterized in that the battery fragments are formed by cutting solar battery fragments along a main grid line of the solar battery fragments, a cutting surface of each battery fragment is provided with a first passivation layer, the cutting surface is a side surface formed after cutting, and each first passivation layer comprises an electrochemical polarization material.
10. A photovoltaic module according to claim 9, wherein the first passivation layer overlies the second passivation layer; the second passivation layer is: the solar cell comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the first surface is a photosensitive surface and is provided with a second passivation layer; the second passivation layer also covers the side face of the solar cell piece; the refractive index of the first passivation layer is less than the refractive index of the second passivation layer.
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| CN115966616A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-04-14 | 河北大学 | Passivation laminated battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN115966616B (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2024-01-26 | 河北大学 | Passivation laminated battery and preparation method thereof |
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