CN114111735B - High-precision control measurement method for shield tunnel in scientific experiment - Google Patents
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- CN114111735B CN114111735B CN202111287312.1A CN202111287312A CN114111735B CN 114111735 B CN114111735 B CN 114111735B CN 202111287312 A CN202111287312 A CN 202111287312A CN 114111735 B CN114111735 B CN 114111735B
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-precision control measurement method for a shield tunnel in a scientific experiment, which comprises the following steps: 1) Arranging closed wire points in the tunnel, wherein the points are provided with forced centering devices, and each 4 points form a group of closed net shape; 2) Measuring control points transmitted into a working well of an underground tunnel are used as calculation data, and a first group of closed wires are formed by the measuring control points and the points distributed in the tunnel; 3) After the field observation is finished, the field data processing adopts data adjustment software to process, so as to form a data result and an accuracy assessment report; 4) When two points are added forwards in the tunnel each time, the two points are added and the two points in the middle of the previous net shape form a new closed net shape. The invention effectively controls the error in a certain area in the tunnel, thereby effectively controlling the accumulation of measurement errors, and the check points and check edges formed between the closed net-shaped groups form effective check conditions, so that the accuracy of control measurement in the tunnel can be greatly and effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of control measurement in a shield tunnel, in particular to a high-precision control measurement method in a shield tunnel for scientific experiments.
Background
Along with the rapid development of mapping technology and mapping equipment, the requirements of people on the construction precision of the shield tunnel are continuously improved, and the requirements on the construction measurement precision are extremely high in part of tunnel projects for scientific experiments. Therefore, how to accurately control the tunnel excavation direction ensures that the shield tunneling machine runs through with high precision and enables the axis deviation of the formed tunnel to meet the high precision requirement.
The tunnel construction measurement by the shield method mainly comprises ground plane measurement, ground elevation measurement, underground connection measurement on a well and underground control measurement. Elevation measurements are either surface elevation measurements, uphole downhole elevation link measurements, and subsurface elevation control measurements. The elevation control measurement can utilize the high-precision electronic level to carry out second-level elevation transfer measurement, and can meet design and specification requirements. The planar control measurement is much more difficult than elevation control measurement. In the plane control measurement, the ground plane control measurement is popular along with GNSS, and the observation environment is relatively good, so that the requirements of high precision can be completely met; the conventional measuring method at the present stage can also meet the related requirements; and control measurement in the underground tunnel becomes a key link of high-precision control of the tunnel.
The control measurement in the underground tunnel is a process formed gradually along with the continuous forward jacking of the shield tunneling machine. As the underground tunnel continues to extend, the measurement accumulated error increases continuously as the wire continues to extend. Because the lead wire which is arranged forwards along the forming tunnel does not have high-precision checking conditions before the tunnel is not penetrated, the measurement accumulated error is difficult to be well controlled, and the requirement of high precision cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel, which is characterized by high precision, high stability, high reliability and the like, and aims to effectively solve the problem of the accumulated error of the control measurement in the shield tunnel. By arranging a plurality of groups of closed wires in the shield tunnel, errors are effectively controlled in a group of closed net shapes, and the accumulation of measurement errors is greatly weakened, so that the precision of wire points in the tunnel is effectively improved, and the requirement of high precision is ensured. Has positive significance for improving engineering quality.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-precision control measurement method for a scientific experiment shield tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) Arranging closed wire points in the tunnel, wherein the points are provided with forced centering devices, each 4 points form a group of parallelogram-like closed net shape, and the relative relationship among the points is close to that of a parallelogram; the distance between the embedded point in the tunnel and the wall of the formed tunnel is more than 0.5m;
2) Measuring control points transmitted into a working well of an underground tunnel are used as calculation data, and a first group of closed wires are formed by the measuring control points and the points distributed in the tunnel; the total station is erected on one underground control point to serve as a measuring station, the other underground control point serves as a rearview direction, the 1 st unknown point, the 2 nd unknown point, the 3 rd unknown point and the point in the rearview direction are sequentially aimed at by forward looking, and the angle and distance observation of the upper half of the measuring return is completed; the total station completes the reverse mirror, sequentially aims at the point position, the 3 rd unknown point position, the 2 nd unknown point position and the 1 st unknown point position in the rearview direction, completes the observation of the angle and the distance of the lower half-loop, and the upper half-loop and the lower half-loop form one-loop observation data to complete the observation of a group of closed net shapes;
3) After the field observation is finished, the field data processing adopts data adjustment software to carry out tight adjustment processing to form a data result and a precision evaluation report;
4) When two points are added forwards in the tunnel each time, the two points are added and the two points in the middle of the previous net shape form a new closed net shape; the requirements of the relative position relation among a new set of closed net-shaped points are the same as those in the step 1), and the new set of closed net-shaped observation methods are the same as those in the step 2); the starting point uses the point in the previous net shape, but the point consistent with the advancing direction of the tunnel must be used; two adjacent groups of closed net shapes form a structure with two common points and two common edges on the space relation, wherein one point is a starting point and the other point is a checking point; one of the two public edges is a starting edge, and the other is a checking edge; the checking points and the checking edges are used for evaluating the accuracy of the two groups of net shapes.
Further, in the step 1), each 4 points form a group of closed net shapes, the length of a short side of each net shape is in a relation of 13:1-20:1 with the inner diameter of the tunnel, the length of a long side is in a relation of 25:1-41:1 with the inner diameter of the tunnel, and the ratio of the length of the short side to the length of the long side is more than or equal to 1:2.
Further, in the step 2), each station needs to observe angles and distances in all directions adjacent to the station, and forms a full circle in the observation form, and the number of the stations is determined according to the selected total station level, but the number of the stations is greater than 4.
Furthermore, in the step 3), the field data processing adopts software to carry out tight adjustment, and the measurement error is effectively controlled in a small area range in the whole tunnel, so that the accumulation of the error is weakened.
Further, in the step 4), between the closed net shape groups, because the results of the check point and the check side which are respectively processed through the two closed net shapes are poor, the accuracy of the adjacent closed net shapes needs to be evaluated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the technical scheme, the high-precision control measurement method for the shield tunnel in the scientific experiment effectively controls errors in a certain area in the tunnel, so that the accumulation of measurement errors is effectively controlled, and the check points and check edges formed among closed net-shaped groups form effective check conditions, so that the precision of control measurement in the tunnel is greatly and effectively improved, and the method has positive significance for improving engineering quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first set of closed net shape measurements for a high accuracy control measurement method in a scientific experiment shield tunnel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a closed net-shaped group-to-group measurement for a high-precision control measurement method in a scientific experiment shield tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should not be understood that the foregoing is limited to the following embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made in the technical solution of the present invention, which fall within the protection scope defined in the claims of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the method for high-precision control measurement in a shield tunnel for scientific experiments of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) The point A and the point B of the measurement control points transmitted into the underground tunnel working well are used as starting point points, and forced centering is arranged on each point;
2) Underground control measurement points are distributed in the tunnel and are respectively a point No. 1, a point No. 2 and a point No. 3, the positions of the points are all set to be forced to be in the middle, the distance between the positions of the points and a wall of the formed pipe is larger than 0.5m, the relative position relation between the point A, the point No. 1, the point No. 2 and the point No. 3 is close to the parallelogram, the side length of the point A to the point No. 3 is as close as possible to the side length of the point No. 1 to the side length of the point No. 2 to the point No. 3, and the ratio of the side length of the point A to the point No. 1 (the point No. 2 to the point No. 3) to the side length of the point No. 1 to the point No. 2 (the point A to the point No. 3) is not suitable to be smaller than 1:2; the first group of closed wire net shape is formed by four points of A point, 1 point, 2 point and 3 point;
3) Erecting a total station on the point A, aiming at the point B as a rearview direction, aiming at the point 1, the point 2, the point 3 and the point B in sequence by forward looking, and completing the observation of the angle and the distance of the upper half of the measuring back in one measuring back; the total station finishes the reverse mirror, aims at the point B, the point 3, the point 2 and the point 1 in sequence to finish the observation of the angle and the distance of the lower half of the one measuring loop, and the upper half measuring loop and the lower half measuring loop form observation data of one measuring loop; completing data acquisition of a first station, moving the total station to a point 1, erecting the total station on the point 1, aiming at a point A as a rearview direction, aiming at a point 2, a point 3 and a point A in sequence by forward looking, and completing observation of the angle and the distance of the upper half of one measuring back; the total station finishes the reverse mirror, aims at the point A, the point 3 and the point 2 in sequence to finish the observation of the angle and the distance of the lower half of the one measuring loop, and the upper half measuring loop and the lower half measuring loop form observation data of one measuring loop; and so on until data acquisition is completed on all the points; completing a group of observation of a closed net shape;
4) The method comprises the steps that as a shield tunneling machine continuously excavates forwards, the point positions in a tunnel are continuously increased, after the arrangement of the point numbers 4 and 5 in the tunnel is completed, the point numbers 3, 2, 4 and 5 form a new group of closed wire net shape, the field observation method is the same as the step 3), and the field data processing mode is the same as the step 6);
5) Forming a structure with two common points and two common edges in a space relation between two adjacent groups of closed net shapes, wherein one point is a starting point and the other point is a checking point; one of the two public edges is a starting edge, and the other is a checking edge; the checking points and the checking edges are used for evaluating the accuracy of the two groups of net shapes. Respectively forming two groups of adjacent closed net shapes in the step 3) and the step 5), wherein the point No. 2 and the point No. 3 are two public points, the point No. 3 is the starting point of the closed net shape formed in the step 5), and the point No. 2 is the checking point between the two groups of closed net shapes; the sides from the point A to the point 3 and the sides from the point 3 to the point 2 are two public sides, the sides from the point A to the point 3 are calculated sides of the closed net shape formed in the step 5) (the calculated sides of the adjacent net shape are required to be selected as sides consistent with the advancing direction of the tunnel, such as the sides from the point A and the point 3 or the sides from the point 1 and the point 2), and the sides from the point 3 to the point 2 are checking sides;
6) And after the field data acquisition is completed, carrying out field data processing, wherein the field data processing is carried out by adopting data adjustment software, and a strict adjustment mode is adopted to process the field data to form a data result and a precision evaluation report.
Further, in the step 3) and the step 4), the selection of the observation index, the related technical index and the related equipment can be referred to the requirements of GB/T50308-2017 "urban rail transit engineering measurement Specification"; after the data preprocessing of each return angle data on each point, the requirement of 360 degrees should be met, for example, in step 3), after the data preprocessing of one return angle data when the total station is erected on the point A, the requirement of:
point B-point a-point 1, point + & lt 1, point a-point 2, point + & lt 2, point a-point 3, point a-point B = 360 °
In step 5), the checking points and the public edges in the two adjacent closed net shapes are respectively a No. 2 point and a No. 3 point-No. 2 point of the edge, and after the No. 2 point is subjected to data tight adjustment treatment in the No. 1 point-No. 2 point-No. 3 point of the first net shape A, the coordinate results are (X2 and Y2); the point No. 2 is subjected to data tight adjustment treatment in the second group of net-shaped points No. 3-No. 2-No. 4-No. 5, and the coordinate result is (X2 ', Y2'); the method comprises the steps that after data tight adjustment processing is carried out on a point No. 3-No. 2 of a checking side in a first group of net-shaped points A-1-No. 2-No. 3, an obtained coordinate azimuth angle is f1; the acquired coordinate azimuth angle is f1' after the data tight adjustment treatment is carried out on the second group of net-shaped points 3-2-4-5; the evaluation method of the accuracy of the checking points and the public edges to the two groups of closed net shapes is as follows:
fβ＝f2-f1
wherein delta is the point position coordinate difference of the common point, and f is the coordinate azimuth difference of the common edge; smaller values of Δd and fβ demonstrate smaller observation errors and higher point and azimuth accuracy.
Further, after the internal data processing in step 6), the data result and the accuracy assessment report are formed mainly including: the closed net shape is poor in closure, the total length of the lead is relatively poor in closure, errors in adjacent points are detected by the above to determine whether the related specification or design requirement is met; the related technical indexes can be referred to GB/T50308-2017 in urban rail transit engineering measurement Specification.
Claims (5)
1. The high-precision control measurement method for the shield tunnel in the scientific experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Arranging closed wire points in the tunnel, wherein the points are provided with forced centering devices, each 4 points form a group of parallelogram-like closed net shape, and the relative relationship among the points is close to that of a parallelogram; the distance between the embedded point in the tunnel and the wall of the formed tunnel is more than 0.5m;
2) Measuring control points transmitted into a working well of an underground tunnel are used as calculation data, and a first group of closed wires are formed by the measuring control points and the points distributed in the tunnel; the total station is erected on one underground control point to serve as a measuring station, the other underground control point serves as a rearview direction, the 1 st unknown point, the 2 nd unknown point, the 3 rd unknown point and the point in the rearview direction are sequentially aimed at by forward looking, and the angle and distance observation of the upper half of the measuring return is completed; the total station completes the reverse mirror, sequentially aims at the point position, the 3 rd unknown point position, the 2 nd unknown point position and the 1 st unknown point position in the rearview direction, completes the observation of the angle and the distance of the lower half-loop, and the upper half-loop and the lower half-loop form one-loop observation data to complete the observation of a group of closed net shapes;
3) After the field observation is finished, the field data processing adopts data adjustment software to carry out tight adjustment processing to form a data result and a precision evaluation report;
4) When two points are added forwards in the tunnel each time, the two points are added and the two points in the middle of the previous net shape form a new closed net shape; the requirements of the relative position relation among a new set of closed net-shaped points are the same as those in the step 1), and the new set of closed net-shaped observation methods are the same as those in the step 2); the starting point uses the point in the previous net shape, but the point consistent with the advancing direction of the tunnel must be used; two adjacent groups of closed net shapes form a structure with two common points and two common edges on the space relation, wherein one point is a starting point and the other point is a checking point; one of the two public edges is a starting edge, and the other is a checking edge; the checking points and the checking edges are used for evaluating the accuracy of the two groups of net shapes.
2. The method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), a group of closed net shapes are formed by every 4 points, the length of the short side of each net shape is in a relation of 13:1-20:1 with the inner diameter of the tunnel, the length of the long side is in a relation of 25:1-41:1 with the inner diameter of the tunnel, and the ratio of the length of the short side to the length of the long side is more than or equal to 1:2.
3. The method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), each station is required to observe angles and distances in all directions adjacent to the station, and form a full circumference in an observation form, wherein the number of the stations is determined according to the selected total station level, but the number of the stations is greater than 4.
4. The method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 3) in the step 3), the field data processing adopts software to carry out tight adjustment, effectively controls measurement errors in a small area range in the whole tunnel, and weakens the accumulation of the errors.
5. The method for high-precision control measurement in a scientific experiment shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), the accuracy assessment of adjacent closed net shapes is required because the results of the check points and check sides respectively processed by the two closed net shapes are poor.
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