CN114109683B

CN114109683B - Low-carbon fuel injection device and engine

Info

Publication number: CN114109683B
Application number: CN202111444716.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨丽; 文李明; 方良杰
Original assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Shipbuilding Power Engineering Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2021-11-30
Publication date: 2023-02-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-30
Also published as: CN114109683A; WO2023098178A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a low-carbon fuel injection device and an engine. The low-carbon fuel injection device comprises a shell, an electromagnetic valve, a sealing element, a sleeve, a valve rod, a stop plug, a needle valve and an elastic element, wherein the sealing element, the sleeve, the valve rod, the stop plug, the needle valve and the elastic element are sequentially arranged in the shell; when the valve rod is matched with the stop plug, the valve rod is used for opening or closing the communication between the fuel control cavity and the high-pressure fuel inlet; the sleeve and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are matched to form a flow passage for communicating the fuel collecting cavity and the fuel control cavity, and the sleeve can slide relative to the accommodating cavity to open or close the flow passage; the needle valve is matched with the elastic piece and the valve rod in a sliding fit mode so as to open or close the communication between the injection cavity and the outlet of the containing cavity, and the problems of sealing and lubricating low-flash-point and low-viscosity fuel and safe use are solved.

Description

Low-carbon fuel injection device and engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a low-carbon fuel injection device and an engine.

Background

With the urgent need of engines for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, the use of low-carbon or zero-carbon alternative fuels such as methanol and ammonia is receiving more and more intense attention. Compared with the traditional diesel fuel, the low-carbon and zero-carbon fuel such as methanol and ammonia has the characteristics of obvious low flash point, low viscosity, strong corrosion and the like. The above characteristics lead to a series of engineering problems that the low-carbon and zero-carbon fuel injection system needs to solve the problems of sealing and lubrication, safe use, leakage detection and the like.

Therefore, a low carbon fuel injection device is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-carbon fuel injection device which can solve the problems of sealing and lubricating low-flash-point and low-viscosity fuels and the problem of safe use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an engine, which can solve the problems of sealing and lubrication and safe use of low-flash and low-viscosity fuels by using the above low-carbon fuel injection device, and can satisfy the requirements of safe, fast, efficient and reliable injection of high-power engines for using low-carbon fuels.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

the low-carbon fuel injection device comprises a shell, an electromagnetic valve, a sealing element, a sleeve, a valve rod, a stop plug, a needle valve and an elastic element, wherein an accommodating cavity penetrating through the shell is formed in the shell; a high-pressure fuel inlet, a medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet and a low-pressure fuel outlet are formed in the side wall of the shell, and the high-pressure fuel inlet, the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet and the low-pressure fuel outlet are communicated with the accommodating cavity;

the sealing element, the sleeve, the valve rod, the stop plug and the needle valve are sequentially arranged in the containing cavity and are matched with one another to form a hydraulic driving cavity, a fuel control cavity, a fuel collecting cavity and an injection cavity, the hydraulic driving cavity can be communicated with the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet, the fuel control cavity can be communicated with the high-pressure fuel inlet, the fuel collecting cavity can be communicated with the fuel control cavity, the fuel collecting cavity is communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet, and the injection cavity is communicated with the high-pressure fuel inlet;

the electromagnetic valve is used for opening or closing the communication between the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet and the hydraulic driving cavity;

the stop plug is fixed at the end part of the sealing element and positioned in the sleeve, the valve rod is slidably arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating way, when the valve rod is abutted against the stop plug, the communication between the fuel control cavity and the high-pressure fuel inlet is closed, and when the valve rod and the stop plug are arranged at intervals, the communication between the fuel control cavity and the high-pressure fuel inlet is opened;

the sleeve and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are matched to form a flow passage for communicating the fuel collecting cavity and the fuel control cavity, and the sleeve can slide relative to the accommodating cavity to open or close the flow passage;

the needle valve is matched with the elastic piece and the valve rod in sliding fit so as to open or close the communication between the injection cavity and the outlet of the containing cavity.

As an alternative to the low-carbon fuel injection device, the end of the valve stem, the inner wall of the sleeve, and the outer wall of the stopper cooperate to form the fuel control chamber; the end part of the lower end of the sleeve is matched with the first limiting surface of the accommodating cavity to form the fuel collecting cavity;

the fuel collecting device is characterized in that a first through hole is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, a first groove is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve, a second groove is formed in the inner wall of the containing cavity, the first through hole, the first groove and the second groove are matched to form the circulation channel, the lower end of the first groove is communicated with the fuel collecting cavity, and the upper end of the first groove can be communicated with the first through hole through the second groove.

As an alternative of the low-carbon fuel injection device, the low-carbon fuel injection device further comprises a positioning piece, wherein a second through hole is formed in the positioning piece, the end of the positioning piece is matched with the first groove, one end of the second through hole is communicated with the first groove, and the other end of the second through hole is communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet.

As an alternative of the low-carbon fuel injection device, the sleeve, the valve rod and the needle valve are all provided with fuel passages, and the fuel passages are used for communicating the injection cavity with the high-pressure fuel inlet;

the side wall of the sleeve is provided with a third through hole, the valve rod is provided with a first fuel passage, the needle valve is provided with a second fuel passage, and the third through hole, the first fuel passage and the second fuel passage are communicated to form the fuel passage.

As an alternative to the low-carbon fuel injection device, the first fuel passage includes an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the inlet extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve rod, the inlet is communicated with the third through hole, the first outlet and the second outlet are respectively provided at two ends of the valve rod in the axial direction, the first outlet can be communicated with the fuel control chamber, and the second outlet is kept communicated with the second fuel passage;

the second fuel passage includes a first flow passage communicating with the second outlet and a second flow passage for communicating the first flow passage with the injection chamber.

As an alternative scheme of the low-carbon fuel injection device, the second flow channel and the first flow channel are arranged in an included angle mode, and the second flow channels are arranged at intervals in a circular mode by taking the axis of the needle valve as the center.

As an alternative to the low carbon fuel injection device, a fitting diameter D1 of the needle valve with the accommodating chamber is larger than a fitting diameter D2 of the needle valve with the valve stem.

As an alternative to the low-carbon fuel injection device, the fitting diameter D3 of the valve stem and the sleeve is larger than the fitting diameter D4 of the sleeve and the stopper.

As an alternative to the low-carbon fuel injection device, a fitting diameter D3 of the valve stem and the sleeve is larger than a fitting diameter D1 of the needle valve and the accommodating chamber.

As an alternative of the low-carbon fuel injection device, a third groove is formed in the upper end of the sleeve; and a fourth groove is formed in the upper end of the valve rod.

As an alternative of the low-carbon fuel injection device, the casing includes a first casing and a second casing, the second casing with the connection can be dismantled to the first casing, the high-pressure fuel entry the medium-pressure hydraulic oil entry with the low-pressure fuel export all form in on the first casing, the elastic component compressed in the needle valve with between the spacing face in the first casing, the needle valve with the cooperation of second casing forms the injection chamber.

In a second aspect, an engine is provided comprising a low carbon fuel injection apparatus as described above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a low-carbon fuel injection device which comprises a shell, an electromagnetic valve, a sealing element, a sleeve, a valve rod, a stop plug, a needle valve and an elastic element, wherein the sealing element, the sleeve, the valve rod, the stop plug and the needle valve are sequentially arranged in an accommodating cavity and are matched to form a hydraulic driving cavity, a fuel control cavity, a fuel collecting cavity and an injection cavity; the stop plug is fixed at the end part of the sealing element and positioned in the sleeve, the valve rod can be slidably arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating way, when the valve rod is abutted against the stop plug, the communication between the fuel control cavity and the high-pressure fuel inlet is closed, and when the valve rod and the stop plug are arranged at intervals, the communication between the fuel control cavity and the high-pressure fuel inlet is opened; the sleeve and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are matched to form a flow passage for communicating the fuel collecting cavity and the fuel control cavity, and the sleeve can slide relative to the accommodating cavity to open or close the flow passage; the needle valve is matched with the elastic piece and is in sliding fit with the valve rod so as to open or close the communication between the injection cavity and the outlet of the containing cavity. The low-carbon fuel injection device can solve the problems of sealing and lubrication and safe use of low-flash-point and low-viscosity fuels.

The engine provided by the invention can solve the problems of sealing lubrication and safe use of low-flash-point and low-viscosity fuels by applying the low-carbon fuel injection device, and can meet the requirements of a high-power engine on safe, quick, efficient and reliable injection of the low-carbon fuel.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low carbon fuel injection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the portion B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-carbon fuel injection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, into which hydraulic oil is first introduced;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first fueling configuration of a low carbon fuel injection apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial injection waiting state of the low-carbon fuel injection apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a low carbon fuel injection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention with a sleeve moving to a lower limit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a valve stem of the low carbon fuel injection apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention when the valve stem is moved to an upper limit;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a needle valve operating to an upper limit in a low carbon fuel injection apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-carbon fuel injection device according to the embodiment of the invention when the sleeve moves to the upper limit.

Reference numerals:

100. a hydraulic drive chamber; 200. a fuel control chamber; 300. a fuel collection cavity; 400. a spray chamber;

1. a housing; 11. a first housing; 111. a high pressure fuel inlet; 112. a medium pressure hydraulic oil inlet; 113. a low pressure fuel outlet; 114. a second groove; 12. a second housing; 13. a connecting member;

2. an electromagnetic valve;

3. a seal member;

4. a sleeve; 41. a first through hole; 42. a first groove; 43. a third through hole;

5. a valve stem; 51. an inlet; 52. a first outlet; 53. a second outlet;

6. blocking the plug;

7. a needle valve; 71. a first flow passage; 72. a second flow passage;

8. an elastic member;

9. a positioning member;

10. a nozzle assembly; 101. a nozzle; 102. a nozzle link.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the low-carbon fuel injection device provided by the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a solenoid valve 2, a sealing member 3, a sleeve 4, a valve rod 5, a stopper 6, a needle valve 7, and an elastic member 8. The low-carbon fuel injection device that this embodiment provided, simple structure integrates the degree height, and the fuel injection interval is nimble adjustable and response time is short to can solve the sealed lubrication problem and the safe handling problem of low flash point, low viscosity fuel, can satisfy present and future marine high-power engine to using low carbon, the safe, quick, high-efficient, large-traffic and the high reliable injection demand of zero-carbon novel fuel.

An accommodating cavity penetrating through the shell 1 is formed in the shell 1; the side wall of the shell 1 is provided with a high-pressure fuel inlet 111, a medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet 112 and a low-pressure fuel outlet 113, and the high-pressure fuel inlet 111, the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet 112 and the low-pressure fuel outlet 113 are all communicated with the accommodating cavity.

Optionally, the casing 1 includes first casing 11 and second casing 12, the second casing 12 with the connection can be dismantled to first casing 11, high pressure fuel entry 111 medium pressure hydraulic oil entry 112 with low pressure fuel outlet 113 all forms in on the first casing 11, elastic component 8 is compressed in needle valve 7 with between the spacing face in the first casing 11, needle valve 7 with the cooperation of second casing 12 forms spray chamber 400, elastic component 8 is used for making the tip of needle valve 7 blocks and sprays chamber 400 and holds and communicate between the export in chamber.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the second housing 12 is provided with a receiving chamber outlet, the receiving chamber outlet includes a tapered portion and an outlet portion, the end portion of the needle valve 7 is provided with a tapered surface engaged with the tapered portion, the injection chamber 400 is blocked and disconnected from the outlet portion when the end portion of the needle valve 7 abuts against the tapered portion, and the injection chamber 400 is communicated with the outlet portion when the needle valve 7 is away from the tapered portion.

Preferably, the housing 1 further includes a connecting member 13, a limiting step matched with the second housing 12 is provided in the connecting member 13, and in addition, the connecting member 13 is in threaded connection with the first housing 11, so as to realize the detachable fixed connection of the second housing 12 and the first housing 11. Illustratively, the cross-sectional shape of the second housing 12 is T-shaped, and a limit step matched with the T-shaped is arranged in the connecting piece 13 to mechanically limit the second housing 12.

Sealing member 3 the sleeve 4 the valve rod 5 keep off the stopper 6 with needle valve 7 set gradually in hold the intracavity and the cooperation forms hydraulic drive chamber 100, fuel control chamber 200, fuel collection chamber 300 and spray chamber 400, hydraulic drive chamber 100 can with middling pressure hydraulic oil entry 112 is linked together, fuel control chamber 200 can with high-pressure fuel entry 111 is linked together, fuel collection chamber 300 can with fuel control chamber 200 is linked together, fuel collection chamber 300 keep with low-pressure fuel outlet 113 is linked together, spray chamber 400 keep with high-pressure fuel entry 111 is linked together.

The solenoid valve 2 is used for opening or closing the communication between the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet 112 and the hydraulic drive chamber 100. The sleeve 4 and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber 5 cooperate to form a flow passage for communicating the fuel collection chamber 300 and the fuel control chamber 200, and the sleeve 4 is slidable relative to the accommodating chamber to open or close the flow passage. The needle valve 7 is in sliding fit with the elastic member 8 and the valve rod 5 to open or close communication between the injection chamber 400 and the accommodating chamber outlet.

Illustratively, the solenoid valve 2 is a two-position two-way solenoid valve, and the switching between the medium-pressure hydraulic oil and the low-pressure hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil driving cavity 100 can be realized by opening and closing the two-position two-way solenoid valve, so as to drive the sleeve 4 to move up and down.

Optionally, the sealing element 3, the sleeve 4, the valve rod 5 and the stopper 6 are all located in a first housing 11, and the sealing element 3 is sealed at one end of the accommodating cavity; the sleeve 4 can be slidably sleeved on the blocking plug 6 and is in sliding fit with the accommodating cavity, and the upper end part of the sleeve 4, the end part of the sealing element 3 and the side wall of the blocking plug 6 are matched to form the hydraulic driving cavity 100.

Preferably, the sealing element 3 comprises a limiting part, a sealing part and a hydraulic cavity forming part, wherein the limiting part is matched with a limiting surface in the first shell 11 to mechanically limit the sealing element 3; the sealing part is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the first shell 11 through a sealing ring; the hydraulic chamber forming part cooperates with the end of the sleeve 4 to form the hydraulic drive chamber 100.

Illustratively, the hydraulic chamber forming portion is tapered, and an outer wall thereof is spaced apart from an inner wall of the first housing 11 so as to contain hydraulic oil.

Optionally, the end of the valve rod 5, the inner wall of the sleeve 4 and the outer wall of the stopper 6 cooperate to form the fuel control chamber 200; the lower end of the sleeve 4 is matched with the first limiting surface of the containing cavity to form the fuel collecting cavity 300.

The fuel collection chamber 300 is used to collect control return oil of the fuel control chamber 200 and leakage return oil in the high-pressure fuel oil path. The fuel collection chamber 300 communicates with the low-pressure fuel outlet 113. When the engine is operating in the dual fuel mode, low pressure liquid fuel is in the fuel collection chamber 300, and when operating in the non-dual fuel mode, inert gas or air is in the fuel collection chamber 300.

Optionally, a first through hole 41 is formed in the side wall of the sleeve 4, a first groove 42 is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve 4, a second groove 114 is formed in the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, the first through hole 41, the first groove 42 and the second groove 114 cooperate to form the circulation channel, the lower end of the first groove 42 is communicated with the fuel collecting cavity 300, and the upper end of the first groove can be communicated with the first through hole 41 through the second groove 114.

The sleeve 4 slides along the containing cavity, when the first groove 42 and the first through hole 41 are both communicated with the second groove 114, namely the flow passage between the fuel control cavity 200 and the fuel collection cavity 300 is communicated, when the outer wall of the first through hole 41 is abutted with the inner wall of the containing cavity, namely the first through hole 41 is blocked by the inner wall of the containing cavity, namely the flow passage between the fuel control cavity 200 and the fuel collection cavity 300 is disconnected.

Preferably, the lower end of the stopper 6 is tapered, when the sleeve 4 moves downward to the low position, the inner wall of the sleeve 4 is spaced from the tapered outer wall of the stopper 6, so that the end of the first through hole 41 close to the stopper 6 is in an open state to communicate with the fuel control chamber 200, and the outer wall of the sleeve 4 corresponds to the second groove 114 at the inner wall of the first housing 11, so that the end of the first through hole 41 close to the first housing 11 is in an open state to communicate with the first groove 42, that is, the communication between the fuel control chamber 200 and the fuel collection chamber 300 is realized.

When the sleeve 4 is in the high position, the communication between the first through hole 41 and the fuel control chamber 200, and the first groove 42 and the first through hole 41 are cut off, and the fuel control chamber 200 is maintained in a high pressure state; when the sleeve 4 is in the low position, the passages between the first through hole 41 and the fuel control chamber 200, and between the first groove 42 and the first through hole 41 are opened, the fuel control chamber 200 communicates with the fuel low pressure circuit, and the pressure in the fuel control chamber 200 decreases. The valve rod 5 can be driven to move up and down by adjusting the pressure state in the fuel control chamber 200.

Optionally, the low-carbon fuel injection device further includes a positioning element 9, a second through hole is formed in the positioning element 9, an end of the positioning element 9 is matched with the first groove 42, one end of the second through hole is communicated with the first groove 42, and the other end of the second through hole is communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet 113. The locating piece 9 can limit the sleeve 4, so that the sleeve 4 is prevented from rotating in the process of sliding up and down, and in addition, the second through hole in the locating piece 9 can be communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet 113.

Optionally, the sleeve 4, the valve rod 5 and the needle valve 7 are provided with fuel passages, and the fuel passages are used for communicating the injection cavity 400 and the high-pressure fuel inlet 111.

Preferably, a third through hole 43 is opened on the side wall of the sleeve 4, a first fuel passage is opened on the valve rod 5, a second fuel passage is opened on the needle valve 7, and the third through hole 43, the first fuel passage and the second fuel passage are communicated to form the fuel passage.

Alternatively, the first fuel passage includes an inlet 51, a first outlet 52 and a second outlet 53, the inlet 51 extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve rod 5, the inlet 51 communicates with the third through hole 43, the first outlet 52 and the second outlet 53 are respectively provided at two ends of the valve rod 5 in the axial direction, the first outlet 52 can communicate with the fuel control chamber 200, and the second outlet 53 is kept in communication with the second fuel passage.

Alternatively, the second fuel passage includes a first flow passage 71 and a second flow passage 72, the first flow passage 71 communicates with the second outlet 53, and the second flow passage 72 is used to communicate the first flow passage 71 and the injection chamber 400. Preferably, the second flow channel 72 and the first flow channel 71 are arranged at an included angle, and the second flow channel 72 is arranged at a circular interval by taking the axis of the needle valve 7 as the center.

In this embodiment, the stopper 6 is fixed to the end of the sealing member 3 and located in the sleeve 4, the valve rod 5 is slidably inserted into the sleeve 4, and when the valve rod 5 abuts against the stopper 6, the valve rod 5 closes the communication between the fuel control chamber 200 and the high-pressure fuel inlet 111, that is, the communication between the second outlet 53 and the fuel control chamber 200 can be blocked by the end surface of the stopper 6; when the valve rod 5 is spaced from the stopper 6, the fuel control chamber 200 is opened to communicate with the second outlet 53, so that communication with the high-pressure fuel inlet 111 can be maintained.

In order to avoid the sleeve 4 from being adhered to the sealing element 3 in the high position, the upper end of the sleeve 4 is provided with a third groove. In a similar way, in order to avoid the valve rod 5 from being adhered to the stop plug 6 at a high position, the end part of the upper end of the valve rod 5 is provided with a fourth groove.

Preferably, the fitting diameter D1 of the needle valve 7 and the accommodating cavity is larger than the fitting diameter D2 of the needle valve 7 and the valve rod 5. Preferably, the fitting diameter D3 of the valve stem 5 and the sleeve 4 is larger than the fitting diameter D4 of the sleeve 4 and the stopper 6. Preferably, the fitting diameter D3 of the valve rod 5 and the sleeve 4 is larger than the fitting diameter D1 of the needle valve 7 and the accommodating cavity.

Preferably, the low-carbon fuel injection device further comprises a nozzle assembly 10, wherein the nozzle assembly 10 comprises a nozzle 101 and a nozzle connecting piece 102, the nozzle 101 is detachably fixed on the housing 1, and the nozzle connecting piece 102 is sleeved outside the nozzle 101 and is in threaded connection with the housing 1.

Illustratively, the nozzle connector 102 mates with the nozzle 101 through a mechanical stop, and then the nozzle connector 102 is threadably engaged with the second housing 12. Specifically, the nozzle link 102 is a nozzle nut.

For convenience of understanding, the operation of the low-carbon fuel injection device provided by the embodiment is as follows:

when hydraulic oil and liquid fuel are introduced for the first time, the action process of the fuel injection device is as follows:

1) As shown in fig. 4, when hydraulic oil is supplied to the fuel injection device, since the solenoid valve 2 is in the power-off state, the medium-pressure hydraulic oil is blocked at the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet 112 of the solenoid valve 2, the hydraulic drive chamber 100 communicates with the low-pressure hydraulic oil circuit, and the sleeve 4 and the stopper 6 are in the low position under the driving force of the low-pressure hydraulic oil. The needle valve 7 is in a low-position closing state under the action of the pretightening force of the elastic piece 8.

2) As shown in fig. 5, when the liquid fuel is first introduced into the fuel injection device: the liquid fuel is divided into two paths after passing through a high-pressure fuel circulation passage on the shell 1 and the sleeve 4: one path of the liquid flows downwards through the valve rod 5 and a flow passage of the needle valve 7 and then reaches the injection cavity 400 to wait for injection; after flowing upward through the first outlet 52 on the valve rod 5, the fuel control chamber 200 is reached, since the first through hole 41 on the sleeve 4 is blocked by the blocking plug 6, the fuel control chamber 200 is disconnected from the fuel collection chamber 300, the passage between the fuel control chamber 200 and the fuel collection chamber 300 is cut off, the pressure of the fuel control chamber 200 rises, and the sleeve 4 and the blocking plug 6 are driven to run to the high position. When the driving sleeve 4 and the stopper 6 are at the high position, the circuit between the fuel control chamber 200 and the fuel collection chamber 300 is cut off, and the pressure in the fuel control chamber 200 may reach or approach the inlet pressure. At this time, the needle valve 7 is in a closed state under the pre-tightening force of the elastic member 8 and the driving force of the valve rod 5. The fuel leaking through the clearance among the needle valve 7, the housing 1, the valve rod 5, the sleeve 4 and the stopper 6 is collected in the fuel collection chamber 300 and communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet 113 through the first groove 42 of the sleeve 4 and the inner hole of the positioning member 9.

The fuel injection process:

1) As shown in fig. 6, the fuel injection valve is initially in a state of waiting for injection.

2) As shown in fig. 7, when the engine needs to inject fuel, the control system sends out a control signal, the electromagnetic valve 2 is energized, the medium-pressure hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic driving cavity 100 through the electromagnetic valve 2, and the sleeve 4 moves downwards to a mechanical limit position on the housing 1 because the hydraulic oil acting area on the upper part of the sleeve 4 is larger than that of the high-pressure liquid fuel in the middle part;

3) As shown in fig. 8, after the sleeve 4 reaches the lower limit, the fuel control chamber 200 is communicated with the fuel collection chamber 300 through the first through hole 41 on the sleeve 4, the pressure of the fuel control chamber 200 is reduced, and the valve rod 5 moves upwards under the action of the high-pressure fuel at the bottom until contacting with the stop plug 6;

4) As shown in fig. 9, after the valve rod 5 moves to the upper limit, since the pressures applied to the top and the bottom of the needle valve 7 are the same, but the acting area of the top is smaller than that of the bottom, the high-pressure fuel in the injection chamber 400 will drive the needle valve 7 to move upward against the acting force of the top fuel and the pre-tightening force of the elastic member 8 until the upper limit of the valve rod 5 is reached, and the high-pressure liquid fuel in the injection chamber 400 is injected into the engine combustion chamber through the nozzle 101;

5) As shown in fig. 10, when the fuel injection amount reaches the engine demand, the control system sends a control signal, the electromagnetic valve 2 is de-energized, the passage between the hydraulic drive cavity 100 and the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet 112 is cut off, the passage is communicated with the passage between the low-pressure hydraulic oil outlets, the hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic drive cavity 100 is reduced, the sleeve 4 moves upwards under the driving force of the low-pressure fuel in the fuel control cavity 200 and the low-pressure fuel in the fuel collection cavity 300, and reaches the mechanical limit position of the sealing element 3, and the passage between the fuel control cavity 200 and the low-pressure fuel outlet 113 is cut off;

6) When the passage between the fuel control chamber 200 and the low-pressure fuel outlet 113 is cut off, the high-pressure fuel at the high-pressure fuel inlet 111 is continuously fed into the fuel control chamber 200 through the first outlet 52 on the valve rod 5, the fuel pressure in the fuel control chamber 200 is increased to reach or approach the inlet pressure, the high-pressure acts on the top of the valve rod 5, the valve rod 5 and the needle valve 7 are driven to move downwards against the action force of the high-pressure fuel at the bottom of the needle valve 7 until the needle valve 7 is closed, the fuel injection is finished, and the fuel injection device is restored to the initial injection waiting state shown in fig. 6.

The embodiment also provides an engine which comprises the low-carbon fuel injection device, and by applying the low-carbon fuel injection device, the problems of sealing and lubrication and safe use of low-flash-point and low-viscosity fuels can be solved, and the safe, quick, efficient and reliable injection requirements of a high-power engine on the use of the low-carbon fuel can be met.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in some detail by the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The low-carbon fuel injection device is characterized by comprising a shell (1), an electromagnetic valve (2), a sealing element (3), a sleeve (4), a valve rod (5), a stop plug (6), a needle valve (7) and an elastic element (8), wherein an accommodating cavity penetrating through the shell (1) is formed in the shell (1); a high-pressure fuel inlet (111), a medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet (112) and a low-pressure fuel outlet (113) are formed in the side wall of the shell (1), and the high-pressure fuel inlet (111), the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet (112) and the low-pressure fuel outlet (113) are communicated with the accommodating cavity;

the sealing element (3), the sleeve (4), the valve rod (5), the blocking plug (6) and the needle valve (7) are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity and are matched to form a hydraulic driving cavity (100), a fuel control cavity (200), a fuel collecting cavity (300) and an injection cavity (400), the end part of the valve rod (5), the inner wall of the sleeve (4) and the outer wall of the blocking plug (6) are matched to form the fuel control cavity (200), the end part of the lower end of the sleeve (4) is matched with a first limiting surface of the accommodating cavity to form the fuel collecting cavity (300), the hydraulic driving cavity (100) can be communicated with the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet (112), the fuel control cavity (200) can be communicated with the high-pressure fuel inlet (111), the fuel collecting cavity (300) can be communicated with the fuel control cavity (200), the fuel collecting cavity (300) is communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet (113), and the injection cavity (400) is communicated with the high-pressure fuel inlet (111);

the sleeve (4), the valve rod (5) and the needle valve (7) are all provided with fuel passages, and the fuel passages are used for communicating the injection cavity (400) with the high-pressure fuel inlet (111);

a third through hole (43) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (4), a first fuel passage is formed in the valve rod (5), a second fuel passage is formed in the needle valve (7), and the third through hole (43), the first fuel passage and the second fuel passage are communicated to form the fuel passage;

the electromagnetic valve (2) is used for opening or closing communication between the medium-pressure hydraulic oil inlet (112) and the hydraulic drive cavity (100);

the stop plug (6) is fixed at the end part of the sealing element (3) and is positioned in the sleeve (4), the valve rod (5) is slidably arranged in the sleeve (4) in a penetrating way, when the valve rod (5) is abutted against the stop plug (6), the communication between the fuel control cavity (200) and the high-pressure fuel inlet (111) is closed, and when the valve rod (5) is arranged at a distance from the stop plug (6), the communication between the fuel control cavity (200) and the high-pressure fuel inlet (111) is opened;

the sleeve (4) and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity are matched to form a circulation channel for communicating the fuel collecting cavity (300) with the fuel control cavity (200), a first through hole (41) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (4), a first groove (42) is formed in the outer wall of the sleeve (4), a second groove (114) is formed in the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, the first through hole (41), the first groove (42) and the second groove (114) are matched to form the circulation channel, the lower end of the first groove (42) is communicated with the fuel collecting cavity (300), the upper end of the first groove can be communicated with the first through hole (41) through the second groove (114), and the sleeve (4) can slide relative to the accommodating cavity to open or close the circulation channel;

needle valve (7) cooperation elastic component (8) with valve rod (5) sliding fit to open or close spray chamber (400) with hold the intercommunication between the chamber export.

2. The low-carbon fuel injection device according to claim 1, further comprising a positioning member (9), wherein a second through hole is formed in the positioning member (9), an end of the positioning member (9) is matched with the first groove (42), one end of the second through hole is communicated with the first groove (42), and the other end of the second through hole is communicated with the low-pressure fuel outlet (113).

3. The low-carbon fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein the first fuel passage includes an inlet (51), a first outlet (52), and a second outlet (53), the inlet (51) extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve rod (5), the inlet (51) communicates with the third through hole (43), the first outlet (52) and the second outlet (53) are respectively provided at both ends of the axial direction of the valve rod (5), the first outlet (52) is capable of communicating with the fuel control chamber (200), and the second outlet (53) is maintained to communicate with the second fuel passage;

the second fuel passage includes a first flow passage (71) and a second flow passage (72), the first flow passage (71) communicating with the second outlet (53), the second flow passage (72) for communicating the first flow passage (71) with the injection chamber (400).

4. The low carbon fuel injection apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the second flow passage (72) is arranged at an angle to the first flow passage (71), and the plurality of second flow passages (72) are arranged at circular intervals centering on an axis of the needle valve (7).

5. The low carbon fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fitting diameter D1 of the needle valve (7) with the accommodating chamber is larger than the fitting diameter D2 of the needle valve (7) with the valve stem (5);

the matching diameter D3 of the valve rod (5) and the sleeve (4) is larger than the matching diameter D4 of the sleeve (4) and the stop plug (6);

the valve rod (5) and the matching diameter D3 of the sleeve (4) are larger than the needle valve (7) and the matching diameter D1 of the accommodating cavity.

6. The low-carbon fuel injection device according to claim 5, wherein the sleeve (4) is provided with a third groove at the upper end; and a fourth groove is formed in the end part of the upper end of the valve rod (5).

7. The low carbon fuel injection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the housing (1) includes a first housing (11) and a second housing (12), the second housing (12) is detachably connected to the first housing (11), the high pressure fuel inlet (111), the medium pressure hydraulic oil inlet (112), and the low pressure fuel outlet (113) are formed in the first housing (11), the elastic member (8) is compressed between the needle valve (7) and a stopper surface in the first housing (11), and the needle valve (7) and the second housing (12) cooperate to form the injection chamber (400).

8. An engine characterized by comprising a low-carbon fuel injection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.