CN114109391A - Support method and support structure for shaft concrete in broken soft rock - Google Patents
Support method and support structure for shaft concrete in broken soft rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109391A CN114109391A CN202111189850.7A CN202111189850A CN114109391A CN 114109391 A CN114109391 A CN 114109391A CN 202111189850 A CN202111189850 A CN 202111189850A CN 114109391 A CN114109391 A CN 114109391A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/11—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with combinations of different materials, e.g. wood, metal, concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/12—Accessories for making shaft linings, e.g. suspended cradles, shutterings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shaft concrete supporting method and a supporting structure in broken soft rock, which comprises the following steps: s100, predicting the depth of broken soft rock in a shaft as the shaft tunneling depth according to a geological survey result, excavating the shaft through excavating equipment, and performing flat bottom treatment on the bottom of the shaft after excavating to the shaft tunneling depth; s200, holes for fixing steel strands are arranged on the bottom rock wall of the shaft in a surrounding mode; s300, arranging steel strands in the holes at intervals, adopting mortar to perform full-length anchoring in the holes with the steel strands, and filling the rest holes with the mortar; s400, after filling, hanging a steel strand support ring matched with the inner diameter of the shaft on the side wall of the shaft, and pouring concrete through support of the movable template. The supporting structure is manufactured by a supporting method, so that the problems that the surrounding holding force of broken soft rock on the well wall is small, the soft rock is loosened behind the wall due to blasting vibration, the shaft concrete is locally cracked or integrally loosened and slides and the like can be well solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of support of barrels, in particular to a method and a structure for supporting shaft concrete in broken soft rock.
Background
When broken sandstone, sandy shale, siltstone, carbonaceous shale, piebald mudstone and other unstable rock formations are encountered in shaft construction, the principle of short excavation, shallow advancing and fast support is generally adopted for tunneling. The existing shaft operation basically adopts a mechanized operation mode, the rock drilling adopts a hydraulic umbrella drill, a movable template adopts an integral movable template with the section height of 3-4.5 m, the exposed section height of the shaft in the broken soft rock is more than 3m, the stability and the construction safety of shaft surrounding rock are seriously influenced, in order to ensure the construction safety, the prior consideration is to adopt an anchor net spraying support or a reinforced concrete support, firstly adopt concrete with the thickness of 30-50mm for spraying, initially support and seal the rock surface and prevent the surrounding rock from loosening, and then carry out the anchor net spraying support or the reinforced concrete support.
However, in practical applications, the above-described conventional supporting structure and method have the following problems:
firstly, the phenomenon of secondary loosening of surrounding rocks is easily caused in the process of adopting anchor net spraying support.
Secondly, the whole loosening and sliding of the shaft concrete can easily occur in the reinforced concrete shaft wall when the lower shaft is tunneled and blasted.
Therefore, in order to ensure rapid construction in a broken rock stratum without affecting the quality and the construction speed of shaft engineering, a safer and more reliable concrete supporting scheme needs to be researched urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
When shaft construction encounters sandstone, sandy shale, siltstone, carbonaceous shale, piebald mudstone and other unstable rock formations with poor stability or broken rock formations, if construction operation is carried out according to the existing supporting mode, the height of a shaft exposed section in broken soft rock is high, and safety problems such as secondary loosening of surrounding rock, slipping of shaft concrete and the like occur. Moreover, if collapse occurs, it takes a relatively long time to process, which affects the construction period.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method and a structure for supporting shaft concrete in broken soft rock, which solves the problem of secondary loosening of surrounding rock and the loosening and slipping phenomenon of reinforced concrete well wall by adjusting the construction process and improving the supporting structure.
According to one aspect of the invention, the support method for crushing the shaft concrete in the soft rock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, determining the depth and the flat bottom of a shaft: predicting the depth of broken soft rock in a shaft as the shaft tunneling depth according to a geological survey result, excavating the shaft through excavating equipment, and performing flat bottom treatment on the bottom of the shaft after excavating to the shaft tunneling depth;
s200, drilling a hole around the side wall of the shaft: holes for fixing steel strands are arranged on the bottom rock wall of the shaft in a surrounding mode;
s300, filling holes: arranging steel strands in the holes at intervals, adopting mortar to perform full-length anchoring in the holes with the steel strands, and filling the rest holes with the mortar;
s400, fixing the side wall of the shaft: after the hole is filled, hanging a steel strand support ring matched with the inner diameter of the shaft on the side wall of the shaft, and pouring concrete through support of a movable template, so that the steel strand support ring, the hole, the steel strand and the side wall of the shaft are cemented into an integral component through the concrete.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the holes are formed by drilling holes with hydraulic umbrellas.
In addition, it is preferable that the end portion of the steel strand placed in the hole, which extends beyond the hole, and the steel strand support ring are fixed together with the concrete.
In addition, it is preferable that before the fixing of the side wall of the wellbore, the method further comprises:
processing the steel strand support ring according to the tunneling radius of the shaft; anchor rod holes are arranged on the side wall of the shaft at preset intervals, and anchor rod fixing suspension rods are arranged in the anchor rod holes; wherein,
the depth range of the anchor rod hole is 250 mm-350 mm, and the steel strand support ring is hung on the anchor rod fixing suspension rod.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a broken soft rock wellbore concrete supporting structure for performing the above-described broken soft rock wellbore concrete supporting method, characterized in that,
the cement mortar comprises a steel strand, a steel strand supporting ring matched with the inner diameter of a shaft and concrete cemented on the side wall of the shaft together with the steel strand and the steel strand supporting ring; wherein,
one end of the steel strand is anchored and fixed in a hole at the bottom of the shaft through full-length mortar to form a steel strand mortar column, and the holes are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom rock wall of the shaft;
moreover, mortar columns with the same specification as the steel strand mortar columns are also arranged between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns, and the mortar columns are formed by filling mortar into holes between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns;
the steel strand support ring is hung on the side wall of the shaft;
and the steel strand supporting ring, the steel strand mortar column and the mortar column are cemented with the concrete under the support of the movable template.
Further, it is preferable that the depth of the shaft is in a range of 3000mm to 4000 mm.
In addition, the preferred structure is that the holes are inclined relative to the side wall of the shaft at an angle ranging from 16 degrees to 24 degrees; the space between the steel strand mortar column and the mortar column is 760 mm-840 mm.
In addition, the horizontal distance between the bottom of the hole and the side wall of the shaft is 1750mm to 1850 mm.
In addition, the preferable structure is that the aperture of the hole is phi 40mm, and the depth range of the hole is 4900 mm-5100 mm.
In addition, the preferable structure is that the specification of the steel strand is phi 15.24mm, the length range is 5900 mm-6100 mm, and the length of the end of the steel strand, which exceeds the hole, is at least 1000 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the pit shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock provided by the invention maintains the stability of the exposed well wall in the broken soft rock through the holes which are formed at the bottom of the pit shaft in a surrounding manner, the pillars which are prepared by the steel stranded wires and the mortar which are arranged at intervals and the pillars filled with the mortar; according to the method for supporting the well concrete in the broken soft rock, the concrete well wall is connected with the rock mass in a cementing mode through the steel strands, the integrity of the concrete in the vertical direction is improved, the whole rock stratum is reinforced through wall thickness grouting, the stability of the rock mass is improved, the quality of the well is improved, the mechanized operation of the well is met, the well drilling integral movable type template short digging short support can be implemented, frequent process cycle conversion is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for supporting shaft concrete in broken soft rock according to the invention;
fig. 2 shows a steel strand mortar column and a mortar column arrangement in a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a steel strand lay-out before pouring of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a steel strand arrangement before the pouring of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention; and
fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a steel strand arrangement after pouring of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention.
Description of the drawings:
1. a wellbore; 2. A mortar column; 3. Steel strand mortar columns;
4. steel strand wires; 5. Moving the template; 6. And a steel strand support ring.
The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of the method for supporting the shaft concrete in broken soft rock according to the invention.
The invention provides a shaft concrete supporting method in broken soft rock, which comprises the following steps:
s100, determining the depth and the flat bottom of a shaft:
firstly, predicting the depth of broken soft rock in a shaft 1 as the shaft tunneling depth according to a geological survey result, determining the detailed tunneling depth mainly according to the guidance of a field engineer, forecasting whether the construction is suitable for tunneling operation on the same day by combining with weather conditions, excavating the shaft 1 at a pre-designed excavation position through excavating equipment after determining no influence on the weather conditions, analyzing and judging the geological condition of the shaft 1, and performing flat bottom treatment on the bottom of the shaft 1 after excavating to the shaft tunneling depth of the shaft 1 under the condition that the geological condition is consistent with the survey result; when the local quality situation does not accord with the survey result, the processing is required to be carried out according to relevant regulations;
specifically, the above matching conditions are compared according to the range given by engineers, and are not limited herein;
specifically, the height of the exposed section of the fractured rock mass is ensured to be less than 3m, wherein 3m is only reference data, and the specific reference is that the condition is set;
s200, drilling a hole around the side wall of the shaft:
holes for fixing steel strands are arranged on the bottom rock wall of the shaft 1 in a surrounding mode, the range of the inclination angle between the holes and the side wall of the shaft 1 is 16-24 degrees, the optimal inclination angle of the holes is 20 degrees, the depth range of the holes is 4900-5100 mm, the range of the distance between the holes is 760-840 mm, the range of the horizontal distance between the hole bottoms of the holes and the vertical direction close to the nearest position of the side wall of the shaft 1 is 1750-1850 mm, specifically, the holes are drilled through a hydraulic umbrella to obtain the holes with fixed specifications, and the obtained holes are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the shaft 1 in an annular mode;
s300, filling holes:
s400, fixing the side wall of the shaft:
after the hole is filled, the depth of the shaft 1 is guaranteed to meet the section height of the movable template 5, then supporting is carried out, concrete is poured through the support of the movable template 5, the steel strand 4 is guaranteed to be glued with the well wall during supporting, and the stability of the well wall in broken soft rock is improved. The movable template 5 is the integral movable template 5, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the working efficiency is improved.
In the process of fixing concrete in the shaft 1, steel strand support rings 6 matched with the inner diameter of the shaft 1 are hung on the side wall of the shaft 1, then the steel strand support rings 6 are hung on the wall of the shaft in layers and are cemented with the concrete, and in detail, the steel strand support rings 6 are hung by arranging anchor rod holes on the side wall of the shaft 1 at certain intervals, the depth range of the anchor rod holes is 250-350 mm, anchor rod fixing suspension rods are arranged in the anchor rod holes, the steel strand support rings 6 are arranged on the anchor rod fixing suspension rods, the interval range of the steel strand support rings 6 hung on the rock wall in a wall-hanging mode is 1150-1250 mm, the preferred interval is 1200mm, and the shear failure resistance of the concrete shaft wall is improved through the design.
It is specially emphasized that the end part of the steel strand 4 arranged in the hole, which exceeds the hole, the side wall of the shaft and the steel strand support ring 6 are fixed with concrete by cementing, and a lock head is arranged in the hole to increase the stability of the concrete.
It is specifically emphasized that, as shown in the following table, the main material table of the shaft concrete support in crushed soft rock according to the present invention, when the shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock is operated by the shaft concrete support method in crushed soft rock, there are three main materials: the steel strand, the water glass and the cement, wherein the modulus range of the water glass in use is recommended to be 2.6-3.0, and the density range is recommended to be 1.3-1.5 g/cm3The cement is recommended to be ground-breaking portland cement (P.O.), the strength grade is recommended to be 42.5, the range only represents one reference datum, and differences may exist in practical application and are changed according to practical situations.
| Serial number | Name (R) | Type and specification | Unit of | Amount of work | Remarks for note |
| 1 | Steel strand | φ15.243×6000mm | Root of herbaceous plant | According to |
|
| 2 | Water glass | 1.3 to 1.5g/cm3 modulus 2.6 to 3.0 | t | According to |
|
| 3 | Cement | P.o42.5 | t | According to actual requirements |
And finally, if fractured water is contained in the broken soft rock, adopting wall-back grouting, wherein the wall-back grouting adopts a hanging scaffold as an operation platform, and the wall-thickness grouting is adopted when the hanging scaffold moves downwards to the part along with tunneling so as to reinforce the whole rock stratum and improve the stability of the rock mass. Similarly, rock formations are fractured through entire formations that have poor fracture stability or are unstable.
Fig. 2 shows a steel strand mortar column and a mortar column arrangement in a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the present invention; fig. 3 shows a steel strand lay-out before pouring of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention; fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a steel strand arrangement before the pouring of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention; and figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a steel strand arrangement after the placement of a shaft concrete support structure in broken soft rock according to the invention.
The following provides a broken soft rock wellbore concrete support structure for performing the above-mentioned broken soft rock wellbore concrete support method, and as shown in fig. 2-5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a broken soft rock wellbore concrete support structure, which includes steel strands 4 disposed in a hole, a steel strand support ring 6 adapted to an inner diameter of a wellbore 1, and concrete cemented to a sidewall of the wellbore 1 together with the steel strands 4 and the steel strand support ring 6.
One end of each steel strand 4 is fixed in a hole in the bottom of the shaft 1 through full-length mortar anchoring to form a steel strand mortar column 3, and the holes are uniformly arranged and are inclined at the periphery of the bottom rock wall of the shaft 1 according to a fixed angle range; moreover, a mortar column 2 with the same specification as the steel strand mortar column 3 is also arranged between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns 3, and the mortar column 2 is formed by filling mortar into a hole between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns 3; a steel strand support ring 6 is annularly hung on the side wall of the shaft 1; and the steel strand supporting ring 6, the steel strand mortar column 3 and the mortar column 2 are cemented with concrete under the support of the movable template 5.
Specifically, the supporting structure provided by the invention is arranged in soft rock which has the characteristic of poor stability, so that the depth range of the shaft 1 is 3000-4000 mm, and the optimal operation depth is obtained when the depth of the shaft 1 is 3500mm in comprehensive consideration of safety and operability.
Specifically, the hole sets up in 1 bottoms of pit shaft according to certain angle slope, through hydraulic pressure umbrella drilling, the hole has following requirement when the design: the inclination angle between the holes and the central axis of the horizontal plane is 16-24 degrees, the optimum inclination angle of the holes is 20 degrees, the depth range of the holes is 4900-5100 mm, the distance range between the holes is 760-840 mm, in detail, the hole diameter of the hole in the embodiment is phi 40mm, and in the design process of the hole, the range of the distance between the vertical height of the rock wall of the shaft 1 and the level between the hole bottoms is 1750-1850 mm, and the stability between the hole and the shaft 1 is ensured.
More specifically, the steel strands 4 are arranged in the hole at intervals, the specification of the arranged steel strands 4 is phi 15.24mm, the length range is 5900 mm-6100 mm, and the length of the steel strands 4 exceeding the port of the hole is at least 1000mm, so that when the depth of the hole is 5000mm, the length of the steel strands 4 is at least 6000 mm; wherein, the holes arranged on the steel strands 4 are anchored and grouted by adopting the full length of mortar; and the rest holes are filled with mortar, and at the moment, two columns with the phi of 40mm are obtained around the shaft 1, namely a mortar column 2 and a steel strand mortar column 3, and are used for maintaining the stability of the exposed shaft wall in the broken soft rock.
Specifically, a steel strand support ring 6 with the diameter consistent with that of the shaft 1 is hung on the side wall of the shaft 1, the steel strand support ring 6 is phi 15.24mm in specification, preferably, the diameter of the steel strand support ring 6 is matched according to the diameter of the shaft 1, the steel strand support ring 6 is installed in a mode that anchor rod holes are formed in the side wall of the shaft 1 at preset intervals, the depth range of the anchor rod holes is 250-350 mm, anchor rod fixing suspension rods are arranged in the anchor rod holes, and the steel strand support ring 6 is arranged on the anchor rod fixing suspension rods.
It should be noted that the specific values mentioned in the above description are changed in practical application according to practical situations.
Compared with the prior art, the shaft concrete supporting method and the shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock have the advantages that:
(1) according to the shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock, provided by the invention, the stability of an exposed shaft wall in the broken soft rock is maintained through the surrounding perforation of the bottom of the shaft, the pillars prepared by the steel strands and the mortar which are arranged at intervals and the pillars filled with the mortar;
(2) according to the shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock, the concrete well wall and the rock body are connected in a cementing mode through the steel strands, the integrity of the concrete in the vertical direction is improved, the steel strands in the hole, which exceed the end opening, are synchronously fixed, and the integrity of the shaft is firmer.
(3) The shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock adopts wall thickness grouting to reinforce the whole rock stratum, improves the stability of rock mass, improves the shaft quality, and meets the requirements of shaft mechanized operation and the like.
(4) According to the shaft concrete supporting structure in the broken soft rock, under the shaft concrete supporting method in the broken soft rock, the operation sequence is changed, the shaft sinking integral movable type template short digging short support can be implemented, frequent process cycle conversion is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
As described above, the method for supporting broken soft rock in wellbore concrete according to the present invention is illustrated with reference to fig. 1, and fig. 2 to 5 describe the broken soft rock in wellbore concrete supporting structure according to the present invention by way of example. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the method and structure for supporting the concrete in the broken soft rock and the shaft of the broken soft rock according to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for supporting shaft concrete in broken soft rock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, determining the depth and the flat bottom of a shaft: predicting the depth of broken soft rock in a shaft as the shaft tunneling depth according to a geological survey result, excavating the shaft through excavating equipment, and performing flat bottom treatment on the bottom of the shaft after excavating to the shaft tunneling depth;
s200, drilling a hole around the side wall of the shaft: holes for fixing steel strands are arranged on the bottom rock wall of the shaft in a surrounding mode;
s300, filling holes: arranging steel strands in the holes at intervals, adopting mortar to perform full-length anchoring in the holes with the steel strands, and filling the rest holes with the mortar;
s400, fixing the side wall of the shaft: after the hole is filled, hanging a steel strand support ring matched with the inner diameter of the shaft on the side wall of the shaft, and pouring concrete through support of a movable template, so that the steel strand support ring, the hole, the steel strand and the side wall of the shaft are cemented into an integral component through the concrete.
2. A method of supporting well bore concrete in fragmented soft rock according to claim 1, characterised in that the holes are formed by hydraulic umbrella drilling.
3. A method for supporting shaft concrete in crushed soft rock according to claim 1,
and the end part of the steel strand arranged in the hole, which exceeds the hole, and the steel strand support ring are fixed with the concrete together.
4. A method of wellbore concrete support in fragmented soft rock according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to securing the wellbore side wall:
processing the steel strand support ring according to the tunneling radius of the shaft; anchor rod holes are arranged on the side wall of the shaft at preset intervals, and anchor rod fixing suspension rods are arranged in the anchor rod holes; wherein,
the depth range of the anchor rod hole is 250 mm-350 mm, and the steel strand support ring is hung on the anchor rod fixing suspension rod.
5. A broken soft rock and shaft concrete support structure for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising steel strands, steel strand support rings adapted to the inner diameter of the shaft, and concrete cemented to the side walls of the shaft together with the steel strands and the steel strand support rings; wherein,
one end of the steel strand is anchored and fixed in a hole at the bottom of the shaft through full-length mortar to form a steel strand mortar column, and the holes are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom rock wall of the shaft;
moreover, mortar columns with the same specification as the steel strand mortar columns are also arranged between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns, and the mortar columns are formed by filling mortar into holes between the adjacent steel strand mortar columns;
the steel strand support ring is hung on the side wall of the shaft;
and the steel strand supporting ring, the steel strand mortar column and the mortar column are cemented with the concrete under the support of the movable template.
6. A shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock according to claim 5,
the depth range of the shaft is 3000 mm-4000 mm.
7. A shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock according to claim 5,
the hole is inclined relative to the side wall of the shaft at an angle ranging from 16 degrees to 24 degrees;
the space between the steel strand mortar column and the mortar column is 760 mm-840 mm.
8. A shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock according to claim 5,
the horizontal distance between the bottom of the hole and the side wall of the shaft ranges from 1750mm to 1850 mm.
9. A shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock according to claim 5,
the aperture of the hole is phi 40mm, and the depth range of the hole is 4900 mm-5100 mm.
10. A shaft concrete support structure in crushed soft rock according to claim 5,
the specification of the steel strand is phi 15.24mm, the length range is 5900 mm-6100 mm, and the length of the steel strand exceeding the port of the hole is at least 1000 mm.
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