CN114107120B - Microbial agent for straw fermentation padding and application of microbial agent in healthy pig cultivation - Google Patents
Microbial agent for straw fermentation padding and application of microbial agent in healthy pig cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000186604 Lactobacillus reuteri Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940001882 lactobacillus reuteri Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 10
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940103062 oxygen 25 % Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial agent for straw fermentation padding and application thereof in healthy pig breeding, wherein the microbial compound agent is a compound flora preparation taking lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like as basic strains. According to the invention, the conditions of an initial culture medium, fermentation temperature, fermentation pH, fermentation time, rotation speed and the like are optimized through orthogonal design selection on three main types of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomycetes in the flora preparation, an optimal high-density preparation system is finally established, the strains are independently fermented and then mixed according to respective proportions to prepare the composite microbial inoculum, the number of the viable bacteria of the microbial inoculum meets the requirements of commercialization on the density of the microbial inoculum, the construction of the special flora preparation for raising pigs by using straw fermentation padding is completed, the special flora preparation can be used for healthy raising of live pigs, the effect of zero emission of excrement and quasi-zero emission of odor is achieved, and the pollution of raising environment is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for straw fermentation padding and application of the microbial agent in healthy pig cultivation.
Background
The traditional pig raising mode has serious environmental pollution and needs to clean pig manure regularly. The pig manure has high nitrogen and phosphorus content, and emits various odor compounds, so that the pig manure has great harm to the environment and human health. In addition, under the requirement that the addition of antibiotics is completely forbidden in livestock and poultry cultivation in China, how to ensure healthy cultivation of live pigs is a second problem faced by the cultivation industry. Therefore, a new pig farming mode is urgently required to solve the existing problems.
The straw fermentation padding pig raising technology is an organic combination of straw comprehensive utilization and livestock and poultry manure resource utilization, and is a raising technology which takes crop straws such as rape, corn and the like as main padding, and coarse salt, glucose powder, milk powder and special strain microorganisms are added to the main padding, and after a healthy microecological raising environment is constructed by fermentation, the main padding is used as padding for daily life of pigs. The technology plays an important role in solving the health problem of live pigs, can decompose the excreta and the excrement of the live pigs and synthesize the nutritional ingredients required by microorganisms, realizes zero emission of the excrement, and can reduce NH in a farm 3 、NH 3 And the odor-containing gas emission of VOCs and the like can realize the quasi-zero emission of odor. Can effectively reduce the morbidity of live pigs, improve the quality of pork, and also can provide a guarantee for the breeding innovation and ecological breeding based on local pig breeds. The microbial agent of the fermentation bed in China has the problems of high price, poor effect of treating volatile organic pollutants, poor compatibility of the deodorizing microbial agent and a carrier and the like. Therefore, the problems can be effectively solved by developing the microbial agent with lower cost and high efficiency, and the whole technical level can reach the advanced level in China through technical, standardization and product innovation, thereby having wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a microbial agent for straw fermentation padding and application thereof in healthy pig breeding.
The microbial inoculum is designed according to the characteristics of fermentation padding and the requirements of the padding in different periods, and is a composite flora preparation taking lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like as basic strains.
The composite flora preparation comprises the following components in parts by volume: 20-30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 20-30 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 15-20 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 15-20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 10-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor.
The complex flora preparation is constructed and obtained by the following method:
respectively fermenting lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus reuteri by a lactobacillus liquid fermentation system; respectively fermenting bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens by using a bacillus liquid fermentation system; fermenting the wine brewing yeast by a yeast liquid fermentation system; and (3) after the fermentation liquor of each strain is obtained, mixing the fermentation liquor according to a proportion to obtain the composite flora preparation.
According to the invention, the conditions of an initial culture medium, fermentation temperature, fermentation pH, fermentation time, rotation speed and the like are optimized through orthogonal design selection on three main types of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomycetes in the flora preparation, an optimal high-density preparation system is finally established, the strains are independently fermented and then mixed according to respective proportions to prepare a composite microbial inoculum, the number of living microbial inoculum reaches the requirement of commercialization on the microbial inoculum density, and the construction of the special flora preparation for raising pigs by straw fermentation padding is completed.
The fermentation process of the optimized lactobacillus liquid fermentation system is as follows: the temperature is 33-37 ℃, the pH is 4.0-5.5, the rotating speed is 150-200rpm, the fermentation is 36-48 hours, and the viable count CFU of the lactobacillus is 6.0X10 10 。
The fermentation process of the optimized saccharomycete liquid fermentation system comprises the following steps: the temperature is 25-30deg.C, pH is 5.0-5.5, dissolved oxygen is 25-40%, ventilation is 2-8L/min, rotation speed is 500-800rpm, fermentation is 36-48 hr, and number of live yeast CFU is 3.0X10 10 。
Liquid fermentation of optimized bacillusThe fermentation process of the fermentation system comprises the following steps: the temperature is 30-37 ℃, the pH is 5.0-6.0, the rotating speed is 120-200rpm, the fermentation is 36-48 hours, and the viable count CFU of bacillus is 6.0X10 10 。
The microbial agent is used as a fermentation bed padding in the pig breeding process. The method is characterized in that the microbial agent, an auxiliary material culture medium and straw are mixed and fermented for pig cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing and dissolving a microbial agent and an auxiliary material culture medium in water to obtain a mixed material;
step 2: crushing the straws to 3-5cm in length, paving the crushed straws on a cement ground, uniformly spraying the mixed material obtained in the step 1 on the surfaces of the straws, uniformly stirring and mixing, stacking the mixed material, covering a plastic film, compacting the periphery of the plastic film, and continuously fermenting the plastic film for 3-6 days in a closed environment.
The inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 0.1-0.5 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the used straw, the addition amount of water in the step 1 is 50-150 parts by weight, and the straw is rape straw or corn straw.
Based on 100 parts by mass of the used straw, each component of the auxiliary material culture medium comprises the following components in parts by mass: glucose 0.1-0.5 parts, crude salt 0.1-0.3 parts, milk powder 0.1-0.6 parts.
According to the invention, the conditions of an initial culture medium, fermentation temperature, fermentation pH, fermentation time, rotation speed and the like are optimized through orthogonal design selection on three main types of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and saccharomycetes in the flora preparation, an optimal high-density preparation system is finally established, the strains are independently fermented and then mixed according to respective proportions to prepare the composite microbial inoculum, the number of the viable bacteria of the microbial inoculum meets the requirements of commercialization on the density of the microbial inoculum, the construction of the special flora preparation for raising pigs by using straw fermentation padding is completed, the special flora preparation can be used for healthy raising of live pigs, the effect of zero emission of excrement and quasi-zero emission of odor is achieved, and the pollution of raising environment is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial strain fermentation preparation condition optimization.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the fermentation of the litter straw. Wherein the left graph is a group of the bacterial flora preparation of the invention, and the right graph is a control group of the aseptic agent.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of fermenting the straw of the mat. Wherein the left graph is a group of the microbial flora preparation of the invention, and the right graph is a control group of the commercial microbial inoculum.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing malodorous gas monitoring results in a cultivation house.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further analyzed and described by combining specific examples, rape or corn straw is used as a raw material for fermentation to prepare the biological padding, the growth condition of microbial bacterial plaques on the surface of the straw is used as an evaluation standard for the preparation effect of the padding, beneficial microbial bacterial plaques are small and densely distributed on the surface of the straw uniformly, mixed bacteria are unevenly distributed on the surface of the straw and are in a green or white aggregation form, and the bacterial plaques are large. The following specific embodiments of the present invention are described in addition to the objects, technical schemes, effects, etc. of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention, and simple changes, modifications, or substitutions can be made within the scope of the present invention.
1. Fermentation preparation of flora preparation
On the basis of initial culture media of lactobacillus, bacillus and saccharomycetes, key factors such as fermentation temperature (28 ℃, 30 ℃, 37 ℃, 40 ℃) of three strains, fermentation pH (4.5, 5, 5.5, 6.4, 6.7, 7, 7.3 and 7.6), fermentation time (12 h, 24h, 26h and 48 h), stirring rate (200 rpm, 400rpm, 600rpm, 800rpm and 1000 rpm), dissolved oxygen (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) of fermentation liquor and the like are optimized respectively through single factor and orthogonal design, and the biomass of the bacteria is taken as an evaluation standard to obtain the optimal fermentation preparation conditions of the respective strains (figure 1). At this time, the fermentation broth CFU of the lactic acid bacteria strain was 6.0X10 10 The CFU of the yeast strain is 3.0X10 10 The bacillus strain CFU is 6.0X10 10 。
2. Fermenting effect of straw padding
Fermenting Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri at 37deg.C, pH4.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm, and ending fermentation after 36 hr to obtain Lactobacillus plantarumAnd lactobacillus reuteri fermentation broth, wherein the viable count CFU is 6.0X10 10 。
Fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30deg.C, pH5.5, dissolved oxygen 25%, aeration rate 5L/min and rotation speed 800rpm, and fermenting for 36 hr to obtain yeast fermentation broth with viable cell count CFU of 3.0X10 10 。
Fermenting bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens at 37 deg.c, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm for 36 hr to obtain bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermented liquid with viable count CFU of 6.0X10 10 。
And (3) fully mixing 30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 20 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor to obtain the microbial compound flora preparation.
Weighing 100 parts of rape straw crushed to 3-5cm in length, 0.1 part of crude salt, 0.2 part of glucose powder, 0.2 part of milk powder, 0.1 part of microbial compound flora preparation and 100 parts of water.
Dissolving coarse salt, glucose powder, milk powder and compound microbial agent in water, stirring and mixing uniformly to prepare a mixed solution.
And fully stirring and uniformly mixing the straw and the mixed solution, stacking, covering the surface of the straw by using a plastic film, compacting four sides, continuously keeping a closed environment, and ending fermentation for 3-4 days.
0.1 part of water is used for replacing the microbial inoculum, and the rest components and the operation are the same, so that the straw fermentation padding of the sterile agent control group is prepared.
Comparing the microbial community preparation of the invention with a sterile agent control group, the growth condition of the bacterial plaque on the surface of the straw shows that the mixed bacterial plaque of the control group is larger and is in a green or white aggregation form, the mildew points are more, and the bacterial plaque of a compound microbial agent experimental group is small and is in a dense form and is uniformly distributed, the fermentation effect is good, compared with the change trend of the temperature and the pH of the straw, the temperature rise amplitude and the highest value of the microbial agent group are both larger than those of the control group, the pH is quickly reduced and lower than those of the control group, and the propagation metabolism of the thallus can generate heat to quickly rise the temperature and reduce the pH of the fermented straw, so that the compound microbial community preparation of the invention can quickly enter a growth propagation metabolism stage in the preparation of the straw fermentation padding, and is beneficial to the fermentation preparation of the padding (figure 2 and table 1).
Table 1 variation of fermentation parameters of canola plant straw for test and control groups of composite microbial inoculants
3. Use of composite microbial agent in preparation of padding
Fermenting Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri at 35deg.C, pH5.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm, respectively, and fermenting for 36 hr to obtain lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri fermentation broth with viable count CFU of 6.0X10 10 。
Fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 28deg.C, pH5.0, 30% of dissolved oxygen, and aeration rate of 6L/min at 800rpm, and fermenting for 36 hr to obtain yeast fermentation broth with viable cell count CFU of 3.0X10 10 。
Fermenting bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens respectively at 35 deg.c, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 180rpm for 36 hr to obtain bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid with viable count CFU of 6.0X10 10 。
In one example A, 20 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 20 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor are taken and fully mixed to obtain the microbial compound flora preparation.
100 parts of rape straw, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder, 0.3 part of milk powder, 0.2 part of microbial composite flora preparation and 50 parts of water.
In one embodiment B, 25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 25 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 15 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor are taken and fully mixed to obtain the microbial compound flora preparation.
100 parts of rape straw, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder, 0.3 part of milk powder, 0.2 part of microbial composite flora preparation and 50 parts of water.
In one example C, 22 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation broth, 28 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation broth, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation broth, 15 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation broth and 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation broth are taken and fully mixed to obtain the microbial compound flora preparation.
100 parts of rape straw, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder, 0.3 part of milk powder, 0.2 part of microbial composite flora preparation and 50 parts of water.
In one embodiment D, 50 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation broth and 50 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation broth are taken and fully mixed to obtain the microbial complex flora preparation.
100 parts of rape straw, 0.15 part of crude salt, 0.3 part of glucose powder, 0.3 part of milk powder, 0.2 part of microbial composite flora preparation and 50 parts of water.
According to the growth results of the microbial bacterial plaque on the surfaces of the rape straws and the fermentation parameter change, in the embodiment, the compound microbial bacterial plaque on the surfaces of the rape straws in the embodiment A, B, C has good growth conditions, is uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the straws in a small and dense form, has no bacteria or mildew, and in the embodiment D, the compound microbial bacterial plaque grows relatively less and has partial mildew. The temperature of the composite microorganism strain is rapidly increased by heat generation and the pH of the fermented straw is reduced by the propagation metabolism of the composite microorganism strain, in the embodiment A, B, C, the temperature and the pH change trend are basically the same, and the temperature increase amplitude and the highest value are higher than those in the embodiment D. The straw pH detection results in each embodiment show that the embodiment D is higher than the other three groups, namely the bacteria in the embodiment grow, reproduce and metabolize slowly, and the straw padding fermentation cannot be completed by the bacteria combination lacking the effective proportion. The results of the examples demonstrate that in the above examples, the preparation of the litter fermentation of canola straw can be completed in accordance with the combination ranges of the composite microbial agents specified in the present invention, which is advantageous for the broad application of the composite microbial agents (table 2).
Table 2 variation of parameters of fermentation of lettuce straw in different use examples of the composite microbial inoculant
4. The composite microbial agent and commercial microbial agent of the invention are compared
Fermenting Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri at 37deg.C, pH4.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm, respectively, and fermenting for 36 hr to obtain lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri fermentation broth with viable count CFU of 6.0X10 10 。
Fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30deg.C, pH5.5, dissolved oxygen 25%, aeration rate 5L/min and rotation speed 800rpm, and fermenting for 36 hr to obtain yeast fermentation broth with viable cell count CFU of 3.0X10 10 。
Fermenting bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens at 37 deg.c, pH6.0 and rotation speed of 200rpm for 36 hr to obtain bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermented liquid with viable count CFU of 6.0X10 10 。
And (3) fully mixing 30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 20 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor to obtain the microbial compound flora preparation.
Weighing 100 parts of rape straw crushed to 3-5cm in length, 0.2 part of crude salt, 0.5 part of glucose powder, 0.5 part of milk powder, 0.2 part of microbial compound flora preparation and 100 parts of water.
Dissolving coarse salt, glucose powder, milk powder and compound microbial agent in water, stirring and mixing uniformly to prepare a mixed solution.
And fully stirring and uniformly mixing the straw and the mixed solution, stacking, covering the surface of the straw by using a plastic film, compacting four sides, continuously keeping a closed environment, and ending fermentation for 3-4 days.
The straw fermentation padding of the commercial microbial inoculant test group is prepared by replacing the microbial inoculant of the invention with 0.2 part of commercial microbial inoculant and the rest components and operations are the same.
Comparing the microbial composite flora preparation of the invention with commercial microbial agents, the growth condition of microbial plaques on the surfaces of rape straws is shown, obvious bacterial plaques appear on the surfaces of two groups of test straws, the distribution is more uniform, and the microbial composite flora preparation basically has no mixed bacterial growth, which shows that the microbial flora preparation of the invention has a fermentation effect which is not weaker than that of the commercial microbial agents (figure 3).
5. Demonstration of composite microbial agent fermentation bed culture test
After the manufactured straw padding is laid on a fermentation bed, carrying out cultivation test demonstration, verifying and evaluating the practical application capability of the flora preparation, and using an odor detector to carry out NH (NH) treatment on two pig houses 3 、H 2 S, VOCs and the like. During gas detection, the air suction port of the detector is placed at a position about 3-5cm above the padding fermentation bed, and the reading of the detector is stabilized for 1-3 minutes.
The results show that NH 3 、H 2 S, VOCs has a low value and no H is detected in the pigsty 2 S, NH along with the prolongation of cultivation time 3 The concentration was increased and VOCs were detected on day 5, but the values were all far below national emission standards. After fresh padding is supplemented, all parameters are reduced, which indicates that the fermentation bed microbial inoculum has better effect on gas treatment such as odor and the like, and the 5 th day is the optimal feeding time (figure 4).
Claims (6)
1. The application of the microbial agent for the straw fermentation padding is characterized in that:
the microbial agent is used as a fermentation bed padding in the breeding process of live pigs;
the microbial agent is a composite flora preparation taking lactobacillus, bacillus and saccharomycetes as basic strains;
the composite flora preparation comprises the following components in parts by volume: 20-30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum fermentation liquor, 20-30 parts of lactobacillus reuteri fermentation liquor, 15-20 parts of bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor, 15-20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor and 10-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation liquor;
the complex flora preparation is constructed and obtained by the following method:
respectively fermenting lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus reuteri by a lactobacillus liquid fermentation system; respectively fermenting bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens by using a bacillus liquid fermentation system; fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a saccharomycete liquid fermentation system; and (3) after the fermentation liquor of each strain is obtained, mixing the fermentation liquor according to a proportion to obtain the composite flora preparation.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fermentation process of the lactobacillus liquid fermentation system comprises the following steps: fermenting at 33-37deg.C, pH4.0-5.5 and rotation speed 150-200rpm for 36-48 hr, and the viable count CFU of lactobacillus is 6.0X10 10 。
3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fermentation process of the saccharomycete liquid fermentation system comprises the following steps: the temperature is 25-30deg.C, pH is 5.0-5.5, dissolved oxygen is 25-40%, aeration rate is 2-8L/min, rotation speed is 500-800rpm, fermentation is 36-48 hr, and number of live yeast CFU is 3.0X10 10 。
4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fermentation process of the bacillus liquid fermentation system comprises the following steps: fermenting at 30-37deg.C and pH of 5.0-6.0 at 120-200rpm for 36-48 hr, and the viable count CFU of Bacillus is 6.0X10 10 。
5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the microbial agent is used for pig cultivation after mixed fermentation with an auxiliary material culture medium and straw, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: mixing and dissolving a microbial agent and an auxiliary material culture medium in water to obtain a mixed material;
step 2: crushing the straws to 3-5cm in length, paving the crushed straws on a cement ground, uniformly spraying the mixed material obtained in the step 1 on the surfaces of the straws, stacking the mixed material after uniformly stirring and mixing, compacting the plastic film after covering the plastic film, and keeping a closed environment for continuous fermentation for 3-6 days for use.
6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that:
the inoculation amount of the microbial agent is 0.1-0.5 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the used straw, the addition amount of water in the step 1 is 50-150 parts by weight, and the straw is rape straw or corn straw.
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| CN101948754A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-19 | 成都和谐生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fermentation bed strain and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105907667A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 广西智宝科技有限公司 | Enhanced fermentation bed composite strain |
| CN110923170A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-27 | 福建大用投资有限公司 | Composite microecological preparation for three-dimensional epidemic prevention of nonreactive breeding of live pigs and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111620725A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-04 | 黄河三角洲京博化工研究院有限公司 | Decomposing inoculant for chicken manure and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US11680003B2 (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2023-06-20 | Isao Kaneshika | Treatment of animal and poultry waste to reduce odor |
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| CN101948754A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-19 | 成都和谐生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fermentation bed strain and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105907667A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 广西智宝科技有限公司 | Enhanced fermentation bed composite strain |
| CN110923170A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-27 | 福建大用投资有限公司 | Composite microecological preparation for three-dimensional epidemic prevention of nonreactive breeding of live pigs and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111620725A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-04 | 黄河三角洲京博化工研究院有限公司 | Decomposing inoculant for chicken manure and preparation method and application thereof |
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