CN114103226A - Super press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a super press, which comprises a frame, a pressing device and a mold closing device, wherein the pressing device comprises a pressing rod and a pressing rod; the frame comprises a base, an upper cross beam and at least two upright columns, wherein the upright columns are vertically arranged on the base, the upper cross beam is horizontally arranged on the upper parts of the upright columns, and a compression cavity is formed between the base and the upper cross beam; the pressing device comprises an upper slide block, a pressing driving mechanism and a pressing head, the upper slide block can lift relative to the stand column, the pressing driving mechanism is used for driving the upper slide block and the pressing head to press downwards, and the pressing head is arranged at the lower end of the pressing driving mechanism; the die closing device comprises a lower sliding block, a die closing driving mechanism and a die closing cylinder, wherein the lower sliding block can lift relative to the stand column, the die closing driving mechanism is used for driving the lower sliding block to lift, the die closing cylinder is vertically connected to the lower sliding block in a penetrating manner, and an opening at the upper end of the die closing cylinder is over against the lower end of the pressure head; the super press adopts the upper sliding block to realize the guide of the pressure head, strictly ensures that the movement of the pressure head can only be along the axial direction of the upright post, and maintains the working stability of the pressure head; the work is stable and reliable, and the service life is long.

Description

Super press

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medium-low level solid waste treatment equipment, in particular to a super press.

Background

Nuclear power, which is clean and not limited by weather conditions, is characterized by its popularity in the energy world, where at present, approximately 16% of the world's electrical energy is produced by nuclear reactors, and over 40% of the energy produced by 9 countries comes from nuclear power. The international atomic energy agency predicts that nuclear power accounts for at least 25% of the total power by 2030, with the maximum possible increase reaching 100%. However, some radioactive wastes are inevitably generated in the process of generating electricity by using nuclear energy, and how to dispose of the radioactive wastes is crucial in order to protect human health and environmental safety.

Radioactive solid waste is one of the main types of radioactive waste, and is currently treated by two technologies, namely incineration and super compression, internationally, and the volume reduction coefficient and the radioactive pollution emission are important indexes for measuring the treatment benefit. Compared with the super compression technology, the incineration needs expensive waste gas purification treatment equipment and cannot treat non-combustible solid waste, so that nuclear power plants at home and abroad tend to adopt the super compression technology.

The super press is the core equipment of super compression technology, and is a hydraulic press with extremely high working pressure, which is specially used for pressing barreled solid nuclear waste, wherein the compressible waste comprises but is not limited to paper, plastics, wood, clothes, rubber, metal parts, glass, salt cake after drying and concentrating waste liquid, waste resin after drying and the like, and low-level nuclear waste. Because the waste material in every waste drum has certain randomness, has the uneven possibility of waste material hardness distribution in the bucket, consequently, when super press suppression waste drum, can not only influence the effect of compression because of the pressure head atress is inhomogeneous produces lateral shifting, long this still can cause the damage to equipment until influencing its life in the past. And because the super press is in a radioactive working condition for a long time, if the super press is damaged due to unreasonable structure, workers must maintain or repair the super press, and the super press can be contacted with radiation for a long time in a close range, so that the health of the workers is seriously affected.

It is therefore desirable to provide a super press with a rational structural design, which has a high degree of operational stability, safety and maintainability, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the expression, the invention provides a super press machine, and aims to solve the technical problems that equipment is damaged and the service life is shortened due to uneven stress of a press head when the super press machine presses a waste barrel in the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a super press is characterized by comprising a frame, a pressing device and a mold closing device;

the frame comprises a base, an upper cross beam and at least two upright columns, wherein the upright columns are vertically arranged on the base, the upper cross beam is horizontally arranged at the upper parts of the upright columns, and a compression cavity is formed between the base and the upper cross beam;

the pressing device comprises an upper sliding block, a pressing driving mechanism and a pressing head, the upper sliding block can lift relative to the stand column, the pressing driving mechanism is used for driving the upper sliding block and the pressing head to press downwards, and the pressing head is arranged at the lower end of the pressing driving mechanism;

the die closing device comprises a lower sliding block, a die closing driving mechanism and a die closing cylinder, the lower sliding block can lift relative to the stand column, the die closing driving mechanism is used for driving the lower sliding block to lift, the die closing cylinder is vertically connected to the lower sliding block in a penetrating mode, and an opening in the upper end of the die closing cylinder is opposite to the lower end of the pressure head.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

in the use process of the super press, because the pressure applied to the press head during the operation is not uniform, and the descending stroke is long, the transverse offset is easily generated under the ultrahigh pressure, in order to avoid the overlarge offset, the upper slide block is designed to be capable of lifting relative to the upright column in the application, the downward pressing driving mechanism is used for driving the upper slide block and the press head to press downward, the press head is arranged at the lower end of the downward pressing driving mechanism, the downward pressing action of the press head is guided by the upper slide block lifting along the upright column, namely the movement of the press head is strictly ensured to only be along the axial direction of the upright column, and the working stability of the press head is maintained; thereby ensuring the stable and reliable work of the super press and long service life.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.

Furthermore, the upper sliding block corresponds the stand has been seted up the mounting hole, the upper sliding block corresponds at least one end of going up the mounting hole is connected with the installation boss, go up the installation boss for tubular structure and with go up the mounting hole intercommunication setting, each go up the installation boss with correspond inlay between the stand and be equipped with lubricated cover, the slidable cover of lubricated cover is located the stand.

Furthermore, one end, far away from the upper mounting hole, of the lubricating sleeve extends out of the mounting boss and is provided with an annular flange, and the flange is abutted against the mounting boss and is fixed on the mounting boss through a mounting ring.

Furthermore, the lubricating sleeve is of an annular structure formed by splicing at least two lubricating sleeve flaps.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt lubricated cover to replace top shoe and stand direct contact, when having guaranteed that the top shoe is stabilized to go up and down, increased sliding contact area, further strengthened the lift stability of top shoe, adopt mosaic structure with lubricated cover, increased the change convenience, only need when needing to be changed take out lubricated cover lamella one by one can, need not to demolish all the other spare parts, it is very convenient to change and maintain, required time when having significantly reduced the maintenance.

Furthermore, the pressing driving mechanism comprises a plunger cylinder, the plunger cylinder comprises a main cylinder body and a main cylinder plunger, the main cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the upper cross beam, the pressure head is arranged at the lower end of the main cylinder plunger and is concentric with the base, and the upper sliding block is fixedly connected with the main cylinder plunger and is positioned above the pressure head; the pressing device further comprises a return driving mechanism, and the return driving mechanism is used for driving the upper sliding block to move upwards.

Further, the main cylinder plunger includes flexible section and direction section, flexible section fixed connection in the top shoe upper end, direction section fixed connection in the lower extreme of top shoe, the pressure head install in the lower extreme of direction section.

Furthermore, the return driving mechanism comprises at least one pair of return oil cylinders which are respectively arranged on two sides of the plunger cylinder, each return oil cylinder comprises a return cylinder body and a return piston rod, the return cylinder body is arranged on the upper cross beam, a return mounting hole is formed in the upper sliding block corresponding to the return piston rod, and the lower end of the return piston rod and the return mounting hole are installed in a limiting mode.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, plunger cylinder and return stroke hydro-cylinder's design has realized the pushing down and has risen of top shoe respectively, effectively reduced the mounting height, in addition because the main cylinder plunger is certain by the length of the flexible section that the top shoe separates and direction section, so the supporting effect that the top shoe played is unchangeable, it can guarantee all the time that the main cylinder plunger is located the vertical decline of part of top shoe lower extreme, can not lead to the pressure head to appear transversely squinting because of the main cylinder plunger lower extreme gradually keeps away from the main cylinder body, further strengthen super press's structural stability.

Further, a lower die holder is installed at the upper end of the base, the central axis of the lower die holder coincides with the central axis of the die assembling cylinder, an annular liquid guide groove is formed in the upper end face of the lower die holder, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are formed in the bottom of the liquid guide groove.

Further, the liquid guide channel of the liquid guide hole extends downwards to the side wall of the lower die base in an inclined mode.

The setting of drain groove ensures that the waste liquid that produces in the waste compression process all assembles to drain hole 14b position, and the drain passageway slope of drain hole extends to the lateral wall of die holder for the waste liquid can be arranged to the greatest extent by oneself, can not remain in the pore, damages equipment.

Furthermore, the device also comprises at least two centering punching devices which are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the pressure head in a centering way; each centering perforating device includes centering subassembly and the subassembly that punches, centering subassembly is including at least can being close to or keeping away from the roof at base center, the subassembly that punches includes running gear at least and the drill bit that is used for punching, running gear is used for the drive the drill bit is close to or keeps away from the center of base, the roof corresponds the drill bit is formed with the confession the drill bit passes keeps away a through-hole.

Furthermore, the centering assembly further comprises a fixed seat, a guide rod and a centering driving mechanism, the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the base, a horizontal guide hole is formed in the fixed seat, the guide rod movably penetrates through the guide hole, the top plate is fixedly connected to one end, close to the compression cavity, of the guide rod, and the centering driving mechanism drives the top plate to move so as to achieve centering of objects in the compression cavity.

Furthermore, the subassembly that punches still includes first slide, second slide and drilling motor, first slide fixed connection in the guide arm is located the fixing base is close to one side of roof, the second slide slidable install in the guide arm is located first slide with between the roof, centering actuating mechanism install in the fixing base and with first slide is connected, is used for the drive first slide is followed the guide arm slides, running gear install in first slide and with the second slide is connected, is used for the drive the second slide is followed the guide arm slides, drilling motor install in the second slide, the drill bit install in drilling motor's output.

Furthermore, the lower end of the second sliding plate is provided with a supporting wheel, and the supporting wheel is placed on the base.

Furthermore, an adaptive surface is formed on one side of the top plate, which is far away from the guide rod, and the center of the adaptive surface is positioned on the central axis of the die-closing cylinder;

furthermore, each centering assembly is provided with two guide rods, the number of the travelling mechanisms is two, the two guide rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the centering driving mechanism, and the two travelling mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the drilling motor.

The waste liquid that produces when the waste compression is effectively ensured in setting up of centering perforating device can be followed the inside smooth discharge of garbage bin, and this application makes centering subassembly and drilling subassembly be located the same mounting height position of equipment with the subassembly combination of two kinds of different functions of centering and drilling on a centering perforating device, effectively saves installation space, rationally reduces the whole height of equipment, shortens the design length of stand, guarantees the whole security performance and the job stabilization nature of equipment.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a locking device;

the locking device comprises a rack, a hook and a locking driving mechanism, the upper cross beam is connected with a hook mounting part, the hook comprises a rod part, a hook part and a connecting part, the hook part is connected to the lower end of the rod part, the connecting part is connected to the outer side of the rod part, the upper end of the rod part is hinged to the hook mounting part, the locking driving mechanism is mounted on the mounting part and connected with the connecting part to drive the hook to swing, the rack is vertically mounted on the lower sliding block and is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth, and the hook part is used for being in limiting fit with the limiting teeth.

Furthermore, the upper sliding block corresponds to the rack is provided with a yielding channel, a bushing is installed in the yielding channel, and the rack penetrates through the bushing.

The locking device can realize emergency control and locking of the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block and the pressure head, and prevent the upper sliding block, the lower sliding block and the pressure head from falling off so as to avoid risks; in the process of maintaining equipment, the locking device can be manually controlled to lock, so that the working safety of maintenance personnel is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a super press according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area C in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lubrication sleeve flap;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the base;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the centering and punching apparatus;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the centering and punching apparatus;

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial view of region D of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is another state diagram of the structure of fig. 11.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. a frame; 11. a base; 12. an upper cross beam; 13. a column; 14. a lower die holder; 15. a first fastening nut; 111. a base; 131. a second fastening nut; 14a, a liquid guide groove; 14b, a liquid guide hole; 121. a hook mounting part; 122. a cylinder block;

2. a pressing device; 21. an upper slide block; 22. a plunger cylinder; 23. a pressure head; 24. a return oil cylinder; 221. a main cylinder body; 222. a master cylinder plunger; 21a, an upper mounting hole; 211. a boss is arranged on the bracket; 212. a lubricating sleeve; 213. a flange; 214. a mounting ring; 215. a bushing; 2121. lubricating the sleeve flap; 241. a return cylinder; 242. a return piston rod; 243. installing a shaft; 21b, return mounting holes;

3. a mold clamping device; 31. a lower slide block; 32. a mold closing drive mechanism; 33. a die assembling cylinder; 31a, a lower mounting hole; 311. a boss is arranged at the lower part; 321. a die closing oil cylinder;

4. centering the perforating device; 41. a centering assembly; 42. a punching assembly; 411. a fixed seat; 412. a guide bar; 413. a centering driving mechanism; 414. a top plate; 421. a first slide plate; 422. a second slide plate; 423. a traveling mechanism; 424. a drilling motor; 425. a drill bit; 414a, avoiding through holes;

5. a locking device; 51. a rack; 52. hooking; 53. locking the driving mechanism; 511. limiting teeth; 521. a rod portion; 522. a hook portion; 523. a connecting portion.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

It will be understood that spatial relationship terms, such as "under", "below", "beneath", "below", "over", "above", and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. The "connection" in the following embodiments is understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", or the like if the connected circuits, modules, units, or the like have electrical signals or data transmission therebetween.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the application provides a super press, which comprises a frame 1, a pressing device 2, a mold closing device 3 and a centering and punching device 4.

Wherein, frame 1 includes base 11, entablature 12 and two piece at least root stands 13, and stand 13 runs through to be set up on base 11 and extends to base 11 top along vertical direction, and entablature 12 horizontal installation is in the upper portion of stand 13, forms the compression cavity who is used for compressing the trash can between base and the entablature.

In the embodiment, considering equipment hoisting, two lifting lugs (four lifting lugs in total) are welded at the front and rear parts of the base 11 respectively, two base seats 111 (4 lifting lugs in total) are welded at the left and right lower parts of the base 11 respectively, and the base seats 111 are fixed with the ground; the upper end of base 11 is installed lower die holder 14, and base 11 is as the bearing structure of whole super press, and the waste bin of waiting to compress when super press is worked will be placed in the upper end of lower die holder 14.

As a possible implementation manner, the present embodiment adopts a four-column structure, that is, the number of the columns 13 is four, the base 11 is provided with four through holes, the four through holes are distributed in a central symmetry manner, and the four columns 5 are respectively installed in the four holes and fixed on the base 11 through the first fastening nuts 15.

Considering equipment hoist and mount, the same with base 11, also welded two lugs (totally 4) in front and back position at entablature 12, entablature 12 has also seted up four through-holes, and four stands 13 wear to establish wherein respectively, and is fixed through second fastening nut 131 equally, for guaranteeing stable in structure, during installation and use, base 1 and entablature 2 all should keep the horizontality strictly.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments of the present application, the number of posts may be other than that which ensures proper functioning of the super compressor.

As shown in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 3, the hold-down device 2 includes an upper slider 21, a hold-down driving mechanism, a ram 23, and a return driving mechanism.

Wherein, the upper slide block 21 can be lifted relative to the upright post 13, and is preferably installed in a sliding sleeve mode; in this embodiment, the downward-pressing driving mechanism includes a plunger cylinder 22, the plunger cylinder 22 includes a main cylinder body 221 and a main cylinder plunger 222, the main cylinder body 221 is fixedly mounted on the upper cross beam 12, the upper end of the main cylinder plunger 222 is movably mounted on the main cylinder body 221, the pressing head 23 is mounted on the lower end of the main cylinder plunger 222 and is arranged concentrically with the base 11, and the upper slider 21 is fixedly connected to the main cylinder plunger 222 and is located above the pressing head 23.

Compared with a piston cylinder, the plunger cylinder 22 has the advantages of saving space, reducing the overall height of the equipment, shortening the length of the upright column 13, further reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the upright column 13, and improving the bending rigidity of the upright column 13 and the overall transverse bearing capacity of the equipment.

In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the master cylinder plunger 222 includes a telescopic section 2221 and a guide section 2222, the telescopic section 2221 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper slide block 21, the guide section 2222 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper slide block 21, and the pressure head 23 is mounted on the lower end of the guide section 2222.

Because the length of flexible section 2221 and guide section 2222 is certain, the supporting effect that the above slider 21 played is unchangeable in the pushing down process, and this structural design can guarantee the vertical decline of guide section 2222 all the time, can not lead to the pressure head 23 to appear lateral shifting because of the guide section 2222 lower extreme is gradually kept away from main cylinder body 221, has further strengthened super press's structural stability.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the upper sliding block 21 slidably sleeved on the upright 13 is specifically: the upper slider 21 is provided with four upper mounting holes 21a, the four upright posts 5 are respectively and correspondingly penetrated in the upper slider 21, and at least one end of the upper slider 21 corresponding to the upper mounting holes 21a is welded with an upper mounting boss 211, it can be understood that, for convenience of design and installation, if only one end of each upper mounting hole 21a is welded with the upper mounting boss 211, the preferred design is that the four upper mounting bosses 211 are positioned at the same end of all the upper mounting holes 21 a; in the present application, in order to increase the sliding contact area of the pillar 13 as much as possible, it is more preferable to weld the upper mounting bosses 211 to both ends of each upper mounting hole 21a, that is, the number of the upper mounting bosses is eight.

The upper mounting bosses 211 are tubular structures and communicated with the upper mounting holes 21a, lubricating sleeves 212 (eight in all) are embedded between each upper mounting boss 211 and the corresponding upright column 13, and the inner sides of the lubricating sleeves 212 are in sliding connection with the upright columns 13.

The design significance of the structure is that the upper sliding block 21 moves along with the main cylinder plunger 222, abrasion is inevitably generated after the upper sliding block 21 frequently ascends and descends, and in order to avoid the abrasion of the upper sliding block 21, the lubricating sleeve 212 is adopted to replace the upper sliding block 21 to be in direct contact with the upright post 13 in the embodiment, so that the sliding contact area is increased while the upper sliding block 21 stably ascends and descends, and the ascending and descending stability of the upper sliding block 21 is further enhanced.

In this embodiment, the corresponding connection between the lubricating sleeve 212 and the mounting boss 211 is specifically: one end of the lubricating sleeve 212, which is far away from the upper mounting hole 21a, extends out of the mounting boss 211 and is formed with an annular flange 213, and the flange 213 abuts against the end face of the mounting boss 211 and is fixed to the mounting boss 211 by a mounting ring 214.

More preferably, the lubrication sleeve 212 is formed by splicing at least two lubrication sleeve flaps 2121 into an annular structure, and in this embodiment, the mounting ring 214 is preferably a shaft end retainer. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the lubrication sleeve 212 is formed by splicing two lubrication sleeve flaps 2121, each lubrication sleeve flap 212 has a semicircular cross section, and the lubrication sleeve has a circular cross section formed by splicing two semicircular arcs.

Compared with a closed circular ring structure, the structure design is easier to replace, the effect of the structure design on the super press is obvious, the significance is great, because the super press is always in a radioactive working condition, if the maintenance performance of the equipment is low due to unreasonable structure, and the parts are difficult to process and finish in a short time when needing to be replaced, the health of workers can be seriously affected.

In order to make the upper slider 21 slide smoothly, the lubricating sleeve 212 is made of a material having a self-lubricating effect, and in this embodiment, the lubricating sleeve material is a tin bronze material with graphite dots added thereto, so that the lubricating effect is stable.

Since the plunger cylinder 22 is a one-way driving mechanism, in the present application, a return driving mechanism is correspondingly designed, wherein the return driving mechanism is connected to the upper slide block 21 for driving the upper slide block 21 to move upwards.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the return driving mechanism includes at least one pair of return cylinders 24 respectively installed at both sides of the plunger cylinder 22, and the return force is provided to the upper slider 21 through the return cylinders 24.

Specifically, each return cylinder 24 comprises a return cylinder body 241 and a return piston rod 242, the return cylinder body 241 is mounted on the upper beam 12, the upper end of the return piston rod 242 is movably mounted on the return cylinder body 241, the upper slide block 21 is formed with a return mounting hole 21b corresponding to the return piston rod 242, the lower end of the return piston rod 242 is provided with a mounting shaft 243, the shaft diameter of the mounting shaft 243 is smaller than that of the return piston rod 242, the mounting shaft 243 is in clearance fit with the return mounting hole 21b, the mounting shaft 243 is installed in a limiting manner with the upper slide block 21, specifically, the front end of the mounting shaft 243 is provided with a thread, the mounting shaft 243 is restrained within the return mounting bore 21b by the nut and the shoulder of the mounting shaft 243, wherein, the upper slide block 21 is in clearance fit with the mounting shaft 243 of the return piston rod 242, can reserve the surplus for the installation to provide the buffering space at the in-process of motion, effectively avoid because deformation produces the dead phenomenon of card.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the mold clamping device 3 includes a lower slide 31, a mold clamping driving mechanism 32 and a mold clamping cylinder 33, and the mold clamping device 3 mainly functions to lower the mold clamping cylinder 33 to cover and seal the waste bin to be compressed to form a compression cylindrical cavity with an open upper end so as to ensure that the pressure head 23 presses down the waste bin to form a round cake shape.

The lower sliding block 31 is slidably sleeved on the upright column 13, the lower sliding block 31 is positioned below the upper sliding block 21, the mold closing driving mechanism 32 is connected to the lower sliding block 31 and used for driving the lower sliding block 31 to lift, openings at the upper end and the lower end of the mold closing cylinder 33 are vertically welded on the lower sliding block 31 in a penetrating mode, and an opening at the upper end of the mold closing cylinder 33 is opposite to the lower end of the pressure head 23.

Referring to fig. 5, the lower slider 31 is slidably sleeved on the columns 13 in a plurality of mounting manners, in this embodiment, for convenience of structural design and equipment installation, the lower slider 31 is similar to the upper slider 21 in mounting manner, specifically, the lower slider 31 is provided with four lower mounting holes 31a, the four columns 13 are respectively penetrated through the four lower mounting holes, the top surface of the lower slider 31 is welded with a lower mounting boss 311 corresponding to each lower mounting hole 31a, wherein, in order to make the lower end of the mold closing cylinder 33 effectively contact and abut against the base 11, the lower slider 31 is designed to be a concave table at the bottom surface, that is, each lower mounting hole 31a is welded with a concave table with an upward concave bottom end,

lower installation boss 311 and concave station all have the cooperation of lubricated cover down through inside fixed mounting, through lubricated cover and stand 13 sliding connection down.

Preferably, the mold clamping driving mechanism 32 is a mold clamping cylinder 321 installed at the front end and the rear end of the lower slide 31, and similar to the installation of the return cylinder 24, the cylinder body part of the mold clamping cylinder 321 is installed on the upper beam, and the lower end part of the piston rod is connected with the lower slide in a limiting manner, wherein the mold clamping cylinder 321 adopts a piston type double-acting cylinder structure to provide mold clamping force and return force for the lower slide 31 and the mold clamping cylinder 33.

In the present embodiment, the clamping cylinder 33 is concentrically welded to the lower slide 31.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the lower die holder 14 is a circular truncated cone, the waste bin to be compressed when the super press works is placed at the upper end of the lower die holder 14, and the lower die holder 14 and the die-closing cylinder 33 are arranged concentrically to ensure the pressing stability and the sealing performance.

Wherein, the up end of lower bolster 14 is formed with annular drain groove 14a, and a plurality of drain holes 14b have been seted up to drain groove 14 a's bottom, and drain hole 14 b's drain channel slope is downward and run through lower bolster 14, and the setting of drain groove 14a ensures that the waste liquid that produces in the waste compression process is whole to assemble to drain hole 14b position, and drain hole 14 b's drain channel slope extends to the lateral wall of lower bolster 14 for the waste liquid can be arranged by oneself, can not remain in the pore, damage equipment, during the in-service use, can connect waste liquid treatment facility with drain hole 14 b's drain channel's exit, the direct processing of the waste liquid of being convenient for.

In order to guarantee that the waste barrel to be compressed is placed in the middle of the lower die base 14 and to guarantee that waste liquid generated during waste compression can be smoothly discharged from the inside of the waste barrel, as shown in fig. 1, the utility model is designed with at least two edges the central axis of the pressure head is the centering perforating device 4 which is distributed in a central symmetry manner, wherein in the embodiment, the number of the centering perforating device 4 is two, and the centering perforating device is respectively and symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the base 11 and positioned on two opposite sides of the compression cavity.

In the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, each centering and punching device 4 includes a centering assembly 41 and a punching assembly 42, wherein in the present invention, the centering assembly 41 includes at least a top plate 414 capable of approaching to or departing from the center of the base 11, the punching assembly 42 includes at least a walking mechanism 423 and a drill 425 for punching, wherein the walking mechanism 423 is used for driving the drill 425 to approach to or depart from the center of the base 11, and the top plate 414 is formed with a clearance through hole 414a for the drill 425 to pass through, corresponding to the drill 425.

It can be understood that the top plate 414 is located close to or far from the center of the base 11, and accordingly, the core point of the above-mentioned structure design is to make the drill 425 penetrate through the clearance through hole 414a for drilling, i.e. to ensure that the centering assembly 41 and the drilling assembly 42 are located at the same installation height, which effectively saves the installation space and reduces the overall installation height of the super press.

Therefore, on the basis of not changing the core of the above design, the adopted centering and punching structure designs are all in accordance with the innovative idea of the present invention, and belong to the protection scope of the present invention, preferably, in this embodiment, the centering component 41 is designed to further include a fixed seat 411, a guide rod 412, and a centering driving mechanism 413, the fixed seat 411 is fixedly connected to the base 11, a horizontally arranged guide hole (not shown in the figure) is formed on the fixed seat 411, the guide rod 412 is movably inserted through the guide hole, the top plate 414 is connected to one end of the guide rod 412 close to the compression cavity in a driving manner, and the top plate 414 can approach or separate from the waste bin on the lower die holder 14 along with the advance of the guide rod 412.

More preferably, the inner side of the top plate 414 is formed with an adapting surface, the center of which is located on the central axis of the clamping cylinder 33, so as to ensure that the top plates 414 on both sides have a better contact area with the side wall of the waste bin, and the waste bin is accurately centered to the center of the lower die base 14.

Specifically, the punching assembly 42 is designed to further include a first sliding plate 421, a second sliding plate 422 and a drilling motor 424, wherein the first sliding plate 421 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 412 and located inside the fixed seat 411, the second sliding plate 422 is slidably mounted to the guide rod 412 and located between the first sliding plate 421 and the top plate 414, the centering driving mechanism 413 is mounted to the fixed seat 411 and connected to the first sliding plate 421 for driving the first sliding plate 421 to slide along the guide rod 412, the traveling mechanism 423 is mounted to the first sliding plate 421 and connected to the second sliding plate 422 for driving the second sliding plate 422 to slide along the guide rod 412, the drilling motor 424 is mounted to the second sliding plate 422, the drill 425 is mounted to an output end of the drilling motor 424, and the top plate 414 is formed with a clearance through hole 414a corresponding to the drill.

When the centering and drilling device 4 is used, firstly, the centering driving mechanism 413 drives the first sliding plate 421 to move, the first sliding plate 421 pushes the top plate 414 to move through the guide rod to realize centering, after the centering is finished, the traveling mechanism 423 pushes the second sliding plate 422 to move, so that the drilling motor 424 and the drill bit 425 approach to the waste bin, after the drill bit 425 extends out of the avoiding through hole 414a and contacts with the waste bin, the drilling motor 424 is started, and the traveling mechanism 423 continuously pushes the second sliding plate 422 to realize the drilling of the side wall of the waste bin.

Above-mentioned centering perforating device combines the subassembly of two kinds of different functions of centering and drilling to a centering perforating device 4 on, makes centering subassembly and drilling subassembly be located the same mounting height position of equipment, effectively saves installation space, rationally reduces the whole height of equipment, shortens stand 13's design length, guarantees the whole security performance and the job stabilization nature of equipment.

In this application, the centering driving mechanism 413 and the traveling mechanisms 423 are both driven by a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, preferably, in this embodiment, the pneumatic cylinder is used for driving, in order to ensure the positional stability of centering and drilling, each centering assembly 41 has two guide rods 412, the number of the traveling mechanisms 423 is two, the two guide rods 412 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the centering driving mechanism 413, the two traveling mechanisms 423 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the drilling motor 424, and the extension line of the advancing direction of the drill 425 is perpendicularly intersected with the central axis of the lower die holder.

In the present embodiment, in order to secure the sliding stability of the second sliding plate 422, a guide roller 4221 is installed at the lower end of the second sliding plate 422.

When the super press is used, due to the fact that the dead weight of the upper sliding block 21, the lower sliding block 31, the pressure head 23 and the like is large, once emergency situations such as power failure occur, the structural components can rapidly fall off, and the risk of accidents is caused; as shown in fig. 10, the locking device 5 is designed to realize emergency control and locking of the upper slide 21, the lower slide 31 and the pressure head 23, and prevent the upper slide from falling off, so as to avoid risks.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the locking device 5 includes a rack 51, a hook 52 and a locking driving mechanism 53, wherein a hook mounting portion 121 is connected to one side of the upper beam 12, the hook 52 includes a rod portion 521, a hook portion 522 and a connecting portion 523, the hook portion 522 is connected to a lower end of the rod portion 521, the connecting portion 523 is connected to an outer side of the rod portion 521, an upper end of the rod portion 521 is hinged to the hook mounting portion 121, the locking driving mechanism 53 is mounted to the upper beam 12 and connected to the connecting portion 523 to drive the hook 52 to rotate, the rack 51 is vertically mounted to one side of the lower slider 31, a tooth row formed by arranging a plurality of limiting teeth 511 in parallel is provided on an outer side of the rack 51, and the hook portion 522 is used for limiting and matching with the limiting teeth 511.

In order to ensure the installation stability of the rack 51, an abdicating channel is formed on the upper slide block 21 corresponding to the rack 51, a bushing 215 is installed in the abdicating channel, and the rack 51 vertically penetrates through the bushing 215.

Specifically, as an alternative embodiment, in the present embodiment, the locking driving mechanism 53 is a locking cylinder, and a cylinder seat 122 is formed above the hook mounting portion 121; the cylinder body of the locking cylinder 53 is hinged to the cylinder block 122, and the cylinder axis of the locking cylinder 53 faces downward and the lower end is hinged to the connecting portion 523.

When the mold clamping driving mechanism 32 drives the lower slide block 31 to ascend and descend, the rack 51 ascends and descends along with the lower slide block 31. When the locking operation is required, the locking cylinder 53 pushes the hook portion 522 of the hook 52 into the tooth row slot, and is in limit fit with the limit tooth 511 to clamp the rack 75, so as to lock the lower slider 4, and after the lower slider 4 is locked, the lower slider 31 bears the weight of the upper slider 21, the pressure head 23 and the like, so that the upper slider 21 and the pressure head 23 are prevented from falling.

When the super press provided by the embodiment of the application is used, firstly, a waste barrel to be compressed is placed on a lower die base through a loading device, a centering driving mechanism 413 drives a top plate to center the waste barrel, a die closing driving mechanism 32 is controlled to drive a lower sliding block 31 to descend for a certain distance, the lower end of a die closing cylinder 33 covers the part above the waste barrel, the upper end of the waste barrel is ensured to be stable, then a traveling mechanism 423 and a drilling motor 424 work and cooperate to realize the drilling of the waste barrel by a drill 425, then the centering punching device returns to the original position, the die closing driving mechanism 32 is controlled to drive the lower sliding block 31 to descend to completely cover the waste barrel and seal, hydraulic oil is pushed into a plunger cylinder 22, a main cylinder plunger 222 drives a pressing head 23 to descend to press the waste barrel, pressing is stopped after a set condition (such as the pressing force reaches a preset value or the descending height reaches a preset height) reaches a pressing position, and then the pressing head 23 is kept at the pressing position for a certain time, so as to prevent the waste from rebounding, then the die assembly driving mechanism 32 drives the lower slide block 31 to ascend and return, and the return driving mechanism drives the upper slide block to ascend and return, thereby realizing one-time pressing circulation.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. A super press is characterized by comprising a frame, a pressing device and a mold closing device;

the frame comprises a base, an upper cross beam and at least two upright columns, wherein the upright columns are vertically arranged on the base, the upper cross beam is horizontally arranged at the upper parts of the upright columns, and a compression cavity is formed between the base and the upper cross beam;

the pressing device comprises an upper sliding block, a pressing driving mechanism and a pressing head, the upper sliding block can lift relative to the stand column, the pressing driving mechanism is used for driving the upper sliding block and the pressing head to press downwards, and the pressing head is arranged at the lower end of the pressing driving mechanism;

the die closing device comprises a lower sliding block, a die closing driving mechanism and a die closing cylinder, the lower sliding block can lift relative to the stand column, the die closing driving mechanism is used for driving the lower sliding block to lift, the die closing cylinder is vertically connected to the lower sliding block in a penetrating mode, and an opening in the upper end of the die closing cylinder is opposite to the lower end of the pressure head.

2. The super press as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper slide block has an upper mounting hole corresponding to the column, at least one end of the upper slide block corresponding to the upper mounting hole is connected to an upper mounting boss, the upper mounting boss is tubular and is communicated with the upper mounting hole, and a lubricating sleeve is embedded between each upper mounting boss and the corresponding column and slidably sleeved on the column.

3. The super press as set forth in claim 2 wherein an end of said lubricating sleeve remote from said upper mounting hole extends beyond said mounting boss and is formed with an annular flange abutting said mounting boss and secured thereto by a mounting ring.

4. The super press of claim 3, wherein the lubrication sleeve is a ring structure formed by at least two lubrication sleeve segments that are joined together.

5. The super press as claimed in claim 1, wherein the down-pressure driving mechanism comprises a plunger cylinder, the plunger cylinder comprises a main cylinder body and a main cylinder plunger, the main cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the upper cross beam, the pressure head is mounted at the lower end of the main cylinder plunger and is concentrically arranged with the base, and the upper slide block is fixedly connected with the main cylinder plunger and is positioned above the pressure head; the pressing device further comprises a return driving mechanism, and the return driving mechanism is used for driving the upper sliding block to move upwards.

6. The super press of claim 5, wherein the master cylinder plunger comprises a telescoping section fixedly connected to the upper slide upper end and a guide section fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper slide, the ram being mounted to the lower end of the guide section.

7. The super press as claimed in claim 5, wherein the return driving mechanism comprises at least one pair of return cylinders respectively mounted on both sides of the plunger cylinder, each return cylinder comprises a return cylinder body and a return piston rod, the return cylinder body is mounted on the upper beam, the upper slide block is formed with a return mounting hole corresponding to the return piston rod, and the lower end of the return piston rod is mounted in a limited manner in the return mounting hole.

8. The super press as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lower die holder is mounted at the upper end of the base, the central axis of the lower die holder coincides with the central axis of the die-assembling cylinder, an annular liquid guide groove is formed at the upper end face of the lower die holder, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are formed at the bottom of the liquid guide groove.

9. The super press of claim 8, wherein the drainage channels of the drainage holes extend obliquely downward to the side wall of the lower die holder.

10. The super press according to claim 1, further comprising at least two centering punches arranged in a central symmetrical distribution along the central axis of the ram; each centering perforating device includes centering subassembly and the subassembly that punches, centering subassembly is including at least can being close to or keeping away from the roof at base center, the subassembly that punches includes running gear at least and the drill bit that is used for punching, running gear is used for the drive the drill bit is close to or keeps away from the center of base, the roof corresponds the drill bit is formed with the confession the drill bit passes keeps away a through-hole.

11. The super press according to claim 10, wherein the centering assembly further comprises a fixing seat, a guide rod and a centering driving mechanism, the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the base, a horizontal guide hole is formed in the fixing seat, the guide rod is movably arranged in the guide hole in a penetrating manner, the top plate is fixedly connected to one end, close to the compression cavity, of the guide rod, and the centering driving mechanism drives the top plate to move so as to achieve centering of objects in the compression cavity.

12. The super press of claim 11, wherein the punch assembly further comprises a first slide plate fixedly attached to the guide rod and positioned on a side of the holder adjacent to the top plate, a second slide plate slidably mounted to the guide rod and positioned between the first slide plate and the top plate, the centering mechanism mounted to the holder and coupled to the first slide plate for driving the first slide plate to slide along the guide rod, the traveling mechanism mounted to the first slide plate and coupled to the second slide plate for driving the second slide plate to slide along the guide rod, and a punch motor mounted to the second slide plate, the drill bit mounted to an output of the punch motor.

13. The super press of claim 12, wherein a lower end of the second slide plate is mounted with a support wheel that rests on the base.

14. The super press of claim 11, wherein a side of the top plate remote from the guide bar is formed with an adapter surface, the adapter surface having a center located on a central axis of the die cylinder.

15. The super press according to claim 11, wherein each centering assembly has two guide rods, the number of the traveling mechanisms is two, the two guide rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the centering driving mechanism, and the two traveling mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the drilling motor.

16. The super press of claim 1, further comprising a locking device;

the locking device comprises a rack, a hook and a locking driving mechanism, the upper cross beam is connected with a hook mounting part, the hook comprises a rod part, a hook part and a connecting part, the hook part is connected to the lower end of the rod part, the connecting part is connected to the outer side of the rod part, the upper end of the rod part is hinged to the hook mounting part, the locking driving mechanism is mounted on the mounting part and connected with the connecting part to drive the hook to swing, the rack is vertically mounted on the lower sliding block and is provided with a plurality of limiting teeth, and the hook part is used for being in limiting fit with the limiting teeth.

17. The super press of claim 13, wherein the upper slide is formed with a relief channel corresponding to the rack, a bushing is installed in the relief channel, and the rack passes through the bushing.

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