CN114088275B - Main wheel friction force measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Main wheel friction force measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088275B CN114088275B CN202111382263.XA CN202111382263A CN114088275B CN 114088275 B CN114088275 B CN 114088275B CN 202111382263 A CN202111382263 A CN 202111382263A CN 114088275 B CN114088275 B CN 114088275B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method. The main wheel friction force measuring device comprises a load measuring platform, a course loading device, a side loading device, an inclined loading device and a sensor; the load measuring platform comprises a supporting rotating shaft, an inclined table, a course moving table, a lateral moving table and a bearing table, wherein the position of the supporting rotating shaft is fixed; the inclined table is connected with the supporting rotating shaft and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft; the course moving platform, the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform move along the course relative to the inclined platform at the same time; the lateral mobile station and the force bearing station move laterally relative to the heading mobile station at the same time. The invention can measure the friction force of the main wheel on the flat ground or ramp with different media when encountering course and lateral wind, and the technology can be applied to the simulation test of the landing gear tire under the ground friction load in the aviation field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft landing gear tests, in particular to a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method, which are suitable for an aircraft main wheel friction force test.
Background
In the development of landing gear systems in the field of aviation, the main wheel is subjected to ground loads in order to study the effect of the aircraft on the ground. When the aircraft is subjected to heading, crosswind or inclined ground, the aircraft must be affected by ground friction, the friction magnitude determines the resistance of the aircraft to wind speed in a parking state and the landing capacity in bad weather, and the influence result is taken as an important basis for the design of a landing gear system and the selection of main wheel tires. Because the friction coefficient of the tire is changed under the influence of load, the friction coefficient of the same tire of the aircraft with different tonnage is also different, and therefore, accurate results are difficult to obtain through simulation calculation. On the other hand, the whole machine test operation is complicated and has huge cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method, which can measure the friction force of the main wheel on the flat ground or ramp with different mediums when the main wheel encounters heading and lateral wind.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a main wheel friction force measuring device comprises a movable and tiltable load measuring platform, a course loading device for realizing the course movement of the load measuring platform, a side loading device for realizing the side movement of the load measuring platform, a tilt loading device for realizing the tilt of the load measuring platform, and a sensor for measuring the course, the side and the vertical loads;
the load measuring platform comprises a supporting rotating shaft, an inclined table, a course moving table, a lateral moving table and a bearing table for placing a main wheel, wherein the supporting rotating shaft is fixed in position and is used for bearing the load applied by the load measuring platform and the main wheel; the inclined table is connected with the supporting rotating shaft and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft;
the course moving platform, the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform are sequentially arranged upwards from the inclined platform, and simultaneously move along the course relative to the inclined platform; the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform move laterally relative to the course moving platform at the same time;
the course loading device is respectively connected with the inclined table and the course mobile station; the lateral loading device is respectively connected with the course mobile station and the lateral mobile station; the inclined loading equipment is respectively connected with two ends of the inclined table, and the sensor is connected with the lateral moving table and the bearing table.
According to the scheme, the vertical load and the friction force are measured on the platform through simulating the actual working condition of the main wheel, and the friction coefficient is calculated on the measured result, so that the influence of the ground friction force on the target ground when the aircraft stays on the ground is simulated and mapped, the operability is high, and the data are reliable.
Preferably, the course loading device comprises a fixed end and a driving end, wherein the fixed end is connected with the inclined table, and the driving end is connected with the course moving table.
The fixed end and the driving end are designed to carry out course displacement more rapidly and accurately.
Preferably, the lateral loading device comprises a fixed end and a driving end, wherein the fixed end is connected with the heading moving platform, and the driving end is connected with the lateral moving platform.
The fixed end and the driving end are designed to carry out lateral displacement more rapidly and accurately.
Preferably, the heading and the lateral direction are perpendicular to each other in the same overlooking projection plane; the axis of the supporting rotating shaft is consistent with the heading direction. The field load direction is restored to the maximum possible extent, and the accuracy of the measured data is improved.
Preferably, the lateral moving platform is provided with two lateral force-bearing platforms side by side, and four sensors are distributed below each lateral force-bearing platform and around the lateral force-bearing platform.
The bearing table is two independent tables, and can be respectively contacted with the left wheel and the right wheel of the main wheel in the test to ensure the independence of test data.
Preferably, the sensor is a three-way force sensor. To be able to measure heading, lateral and vertical loads simultaneously.
Preferably, a concave groove is arranged on the plane where the bearing platform contacts with the main wheel, and the groove can be filled with simulated ground medium. Through the recess, realize the packing of all kinds of ground medium thing to better simulation reality operating mode.
Preferably, the main wheel friction force measuring device further comprises a course linear guide rail with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding rail are fixedly connected with the tilting table and the course moving table respectively.
Preferably, the main wheel friction force measuring device further comprises a lateral linear guide rail with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding block are fixedly connected with the course moving table and the lateral moving table respectively.
The invention also provides a main wheel friction force measuring method, which is carried out by adopting the main wheel friction force measuring device and comprises the following steps:
test preparation:
1) According to the test requirement, setting a simulated ground medium on the bearing table to be in contact with the main wheel;
2) Controlling the inclined loading equipment to adjust the inclined angle of the load measuring platform according to the test requirement so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) Controlling the course loading device to adjust the position of the bearing platform in the course direction and the lateral loading device in the lateral direction so as to ensure that the main wheel falls in the surrounding area of the sensor after being loaded;
4) The main wheel is vertically loaded, the vertical load value is measured and fed back through the sensor, and the test is carried out according to the comparison between the feedback value and the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft which is simulated according to the test requirement if the feedback value is consistent with the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft; if there is a non-uniformity of the values, continuing the application;
starting the test:
5) Controlling the course loading equipment to move the course moving platform and the lateral moving platform, the bearing platform and the main wheel on the course moving platform or controlling the lateral loading equipment to move the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform and the main wheel on the lateral loading equipment to laterally displace, creating a condition that the bearing platform and the main wheel relatively move, and measuring the course or lateral friction force born by the main wheel through a sensor;
6) Calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load;
the test was completed.
Compared with the related art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the main wheel is static relative to the ground, a relative motion condition is created by moving the platform at the bottom of the main wheel, so that friction force is generated between the main wheel and the platform, and the purpose of measurement is achieved through a sensor arranged on the platform; finally, calculating the vertical load and friction force measured by the platform, so that the friction coefficient can be indirectly measured; the platform material can be replaced to measure the influence of different contact channels on the main wheel, and meanwhile, the platform can be inclined at a certain angle relative to the main wheel so as to simulate and survey the influence of ground friction force when the aircraft stays on the ramp; therefore, the friction force of the main wheel on the ground on the flat ground or the ramp with different media can be measured when the main wheel encounters heading and lateral wind, and the technology can be applied to the simulation test of the landing gear tire under the ground friction load in the aviation field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main wheel friction force measuring device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of the load cell platform of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the load cell platform of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the load measuring platform of fig. 1.
In the accompanying drawings: A. a load measurement platform; B. heading loading equipment; C. a side loading device; D. a tilt loading device; E. a main wheel;
1. supporting a rotating shaft; 2. an inclined table; 3. a heading linear guide rail; 4. a heading mobile station; 5. a lateral linear guide rail; 6. a lateral moving stage; 7. a sensor; 8. a force bearing table.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are used hereinafter to denote only the directions corresponding to the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings, and do not limit the structure.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the main wheel friction force measuring device provided by the embodiment comprises a movable and tiltable load measuring platform a, a heading loading device B for realizing the heading movement of the load measuring platform a, a side loading device C for realizing the side movement of the load measuring platform a, a tilting loading device D for realizing the tilting of the load measuring platform a, and a sensor 7 for measuring the heading, side and vertical loads.
As shown in fig. 2, the load measuring platform a includes a support shaft 1, an inclined table 2, a heading linear guide 3, a heading moving table 4, a lateral linear guide 5, a lateral moving table 6, and a bearing table 8 for placing a main wheel E.
The support rotating shaft 1 is fixed in position and is used for bearing the load applied by the load measuring platform A and the main wheel E; the tilting table 2 is connected with the support rotating shaft 1 and can rotate around the support rotating shaft 1.
The course mobile station 4, the lateral mobile station 6 and the bearing station 8 are sequentially arranged upwards from the inclined station 2, and the course mobile station 4, the lateral mobile station 6 and the bearing station 8 simultaneously move along the course relative to the inclined station 2. The lateral movement stage 6 and the force-bearing stage 8 are simultaneously moved laterally with respect to the heading movement stage 4.
As illustrated in fig. 2 and 3, the heading and the lateral direction are perpendicular to each other in the same top projection plane. The axial lead of the supporting rotating shaft 1 is consistent with the direction of the heading. The course movement is effected by the course linear guide 3 and the lateral movement is effected by the lateral linear guide 5.
The course linear guide rail 3 and the lateral linear guide rail 5 are respectively provided with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding rail of the course linear guide rail 3 are respectively fixedly connected with the tilting table 2 and the course moving table 4. The guide rail and the sliding block of the lateral linear guide rail 5 are respectively fixedly connected with the course moving table 4 and the lateral moving table 6.
The sensor 7 connects the lateral movement stage 6 and the force bearing stage 8. The sensor 7 is used for measuring heading, lateral and vertical loads. The two lateral movement tables 6 are arranged on the bearing table 8 side by side along the lateral direction, four sensors 7 are respectively distributed below each bearing table 8 and are distributed around the bearing table 8 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3), so that the loads applied by the left wheel and the right wheel of the main wheel E are ensured to fall in the middle of the area surrounded by the sensors, and the reliability of measurement data is ensured. The sensor 7 is a three-way force sensor.
As shown in fig. 1, the heading loading device B includes a fixed end and a driving end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the tilting table 2, and the driving end is fixedly connected with the heading moving table 4, so as to drive the heading moving table 4 and the above parts to perform heading movement along the heading linear guide rail 3. The lateral loading device C comprises a fixed end and a driving end, wherein the fixed end is fixedly connected with the course moving table 4, and the driving end is fixedly connected with the lateral moving table 6 and is used for driving the lateral moving table 6 and the parts above to move laterally along the lateral linear guide rail 5. The tilting loading device D is respectively connected with two ends of the tilting table 2, and one end of the tilting loading device D is lifted and the other end of the tilting loading device D is lowered to enable the tilting table 2 to tilt, so that the whole load measuring platform A tilts leftwards or rightwards.
As shown in fig. 4, the bearing table 8 is divided into two independent tables, and left and right wheels of the main wheel E are respectively placed in the test to ensure the independence of the test data. Meanwhile, the two bearing tables 8 are provided with concave grooves, and simulated ground medium objects can be filled in the grooves. The ground medium is steel blocks, concrete blocks and the like for simulating the ground of the aircraft encountering different mediums.
The invention also provides a main wheel friction force measuring method, which is carried out by adopting the main wheel friction force measuring device and comprises the following steps:
test preparation:
1) According to the test requirement, a simulated ground medium object is arranged on the bearing table 8 to be contacted with the main wheel E; corresponding ground medium objects are filled in the grooves of the bearing table 8;
2) Controlling the inclined loading equipment D to adjust the inclined angle of the load measuring platform A according to the test requirement so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) Controlling the heading loading device B to adjust the position of the bearing platform 8 in the heading direction and the lateral loading device C in the lateral direction so as to ensure that the main wheel falls in the surrounding area of the sensor 7 after being loaded;
4) The main wheel E is vertically loaded, a vertical load value is measured through the sensor 7 and fed back, and the test is carried out according to the comparison between the feedback value and the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft which is required to be simulated by the test, if the feedback value is consistent with the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft; if there is a non-uniformity of the values, continuing the application;
starting the test:
5) The course loading equipment B is controlled to move the course moving platform 4 and the lateral moving platform 6, the bearing platform 8 and the main wheel E on the course moving platform, or the lateral loading equipment C is controlled to move the lateral moving platform 6 and the bearing platform 8 and the main wheel E on the lateral loading equipment B to laterally displace, so that the condition that the bearing platform 8 and the main wheel E relatively move is created, and then the sensor 7 is used for measuring the course or lateral friction force born by the main wheel E;
6) Calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load;
the test was completed.
The loading devices can be rotated by a motor, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and combination according to the functions realized by the loading devices, or other similar common mechanisms capable of realizing the action principles.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The main wheel friction force measuring device is characterized by comprising a movable and tiltable load measuring platform (A), a heading loading device (B) for realizing the heading movement of the load measuring platform (A), a side loading device (C) for realizing the side movement of the load measuring platform (A), a tilting loading device (D) for realizing the tilting of the load measuring platform (A), and a sensor (7) for measuring the heading, the side and the vertical loads;
the load measuring platform (A) comprises a supporting rotating shaft (1), an inclined table (2), a heading moving table (4), a lateral moving table (6) and a bearing table (8) for placing a main wheel (E), wherein the supporting rotating shaft (1) is fixed in position and is used for bearing the load applied by the load measuring platform (A) and the main wheel (E); the tilting table (2) is connected with the supporting rotating shaft (1) and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft (1);
the course moving table (4), the lateral moving table (6) and the bearing table (8) are sequentially arranged upwards from the inclined table (2), and the course moving table (4), the lateral moving table (6) and the bearing table (8) move along the course relative to the inclined table (2) at the same time; the lateral moving table (6) and the bearing table (8) move along the lateral direction relative to the course moving table (4) at the same time;
the course loading device (B) is respectively connected with the inclined table (2) and the course mobile station (4); the lateral loading device (C) is respectively connected with the course mobile station (4) and the lateral mobile station (6); the tilting loading device (D) is respectively connected with two ends of the tilting table (2), and the sensor (7) is connected with the lateral moving table (6) and the bearing table (8).
2. The main wheel friction measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heading loading device (B) comprises a fixed end and a driving end, the fixed end of which is connected to the tilting table (2), and the driving end is connected to the heading moving table (4).
3. The main wheel friction measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the side loading device (C) comprises a fixed end and a driving end, the fixed end of which is connected to the heading moving stage (4), and the driving end is connected to the side moving stage (6).
4. The primary wheel friction measuring device of claim 1, wherein the heading and lateral directions are perpendicular to each other in the same top projection plane; the axial lead of the supporting rotating shaft (1) is consistent with the direction of the heading.
5. The main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, wherein two of the bearing tables (8) are arranged side by side along the lateral direction on the lateral moving table (6), four sensors (7) are respectively distributed under each bearing table (8), and the four sensors are distributed around the bearing tables (8).
6. The main wheel friction measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (7) is a three-way force sensor.
7. The main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plane of the bearing table (8) contacting the main wheel (E) is provided with a concave groove, which can be filled with simulated ground medium.
8. The main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a heading linear guide (3) having a guide rail and a slide, said guide rail and slide being fixedly connected to the tilting table (2) and the heading moving table (4), respectively.
9. The main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a lateral linear guide (5) with a guide rail and a slider, which are fixedly connected to the heading stage (4) and the lateral stage (6), respectively.
10. A main wheel friction force measuring method using the main wheel friction force measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
test preparation:
1) According to the test requirement, a simulated ground medium object is arranged on the bearing table (8) to be contacted with the main wheel (E);
2) Controlling an inclined loading device (D) according to the test requirement to adjust the inclined angle of the load measuring platform (A) so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) Controlling the heading loading device (B) to adjust the position of the bearing platform (8) in the heading direction and the lateral loading device (C) in the lateral direction so as to ensure that the main wheel falls in the surrounding area of the sensor (7) after being loaded;
4) The main wheel (E) is vertically loaded, a vertical load value is measured through the sensor (7) and fed back, and the test is carried out according to the comparison between the feedback value and the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft which is required to be simulated by the test if the feedback value is consistent with the load born by the main wheel of the aircraft; if there is a non-uniformity of the values, continuing the application;
starting the test:
5) The course loading equipment (B) is controlled to move the course moving platform (4) and the lateral moving platform (6), the bearing platform (8) and the main wheel (E) on the course moving platform, or the lateral loading equipment (C) is controlled to move the lateral moving platform (6) and the lateral displacement of the bearing platform (8) and the main wheel (E) on the lateral loading equipment, so that the condition that the bearing platform (8) and the main wheel (E) relatively move is created, and then the sensor (7) is used for measuring the course or lateral friction force born by the main wheel (E);
6) Calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load and the measured friction force;
the test was completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111382263.XA CN114088275B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Main wheel friction force measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN202111382263.XA CN114088275B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Main wheel friction force measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN114088275A CN114088275A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114088275B true CN114088275B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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