CN114081105A - Complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle, which is prepared from the following raw materials: barley, red rice red meal, jasmine flower residue, biological premix, starch residue, fermentation mixture, sweet wormwood powder, mulberry twig leaf powder, mildew preventive, antioxidant and salt. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the beef cattle complete biological pellet feed, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a biological premix and a fermentation mixture; then crushing, mixing and granulating the biological premix and the fermentation mixture and other raw materials to obtain the biological premix. The feed has balanced nutritive value and characteristics of rumen-bypass microorganisms and Chinese herbal medicine activity, can improve the production performance, disease resistance, slaughter performance and meat quality of beef cattle, reduces the feed-meat ratio, reduces the cost of the breeding feed, improves the disease resistance and the survival rate, and can produce healthy beef or organic ecological beef products.

Description

Complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feeding, and particularly relates to a complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The beef cattle is the traditional agricultural breeding industry, has the characteristics of strong adaptability, extensive tolerance, simple management, low hurdle requirement, low possibility of diseases and the like, is widely bred in farming and pasturing areas, and has moderate breeding risk and considerable economic benefit for breeders due to the strong foraging capacity, strong coarseness resistance, high herbivory dominance, high feeding performance and multiple kinds of plants capable of being fed. Beef cattle can be classified according to their economic use as: dairy type and meat type, among which beef cattle of meat type are in the greatest demand. At present, the breeding of beef cattle is mainly divided into free-ranging breeding and captive breeding, the free-ranging beef cattle has full muscles and good meat quality, but has high management difficulty, high manpower consumption and large required field, thereby having low economic benefit and high breeding cost; beef cattle bred in pens are easy to manage and consume less manpower, but the conventional breeding of mountain cattle with unbalanced nutrition has the disadvantages of high cost, easy generation of malnutrition, slow growth speed, low reproduction rate, low survival rate, weak disease resistance and large environmental pollution, and causes the bottleneck problem of poor economic benefit.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed has balanced nutritive value and characteristics of rumen-passing microorganisms, can improve the production performance, disease resistance, slaughter performance and meat quality, reduces the feed-meat ratio, reduces the cost of breeding feed, and improves the disease resistance and survival rate; the plant protein raw materials are reasonably added, and the nutrition is regulated and controlled to be balanced, so that the feed contains rich crude protein, crude fiber, various amino acids, small peptides, various trace elements, phosphorus, calcium and salt; the feed additive contains probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine components, so that the immunity of the organism can be effectively enhanced, the disease resistance of beef cattle can be improved, and the morbidity and mortality can be reduced; the beef cattle meat quality can be obviously improved, the meat flavor is increased, the content of amino acid in the meat is increased, the water loss rate is reduced, and the mouthfeel is improved; the organic ecological beef can be produced by matching with scientific feeding, and the requirements of people on healthy food are met.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 240-320 parts of barley, 50-150 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 80-130 parts of jasmine flower residues, 50-100 parts of biological premix, 200-300 parts of starch residues, 250-350 parts of fermentation mixture, 60-120 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 50-140 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 0.5-3 parts of mildew preventive, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.5 part of salt.

Further, the beef cattle complete biological pellet feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 280-300 parts of barley, 100-140 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 100-120 parts of jasmine flower residues, 60-80 parts of biological premix, 220-250 parts of starch residues, 260-320 parts of fermentation mixture, 70-100 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 80-120 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 1-2 parts of mildew preventive, 0.2-0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3-0.4 part of salt.

Further, the biological premix is 10% beef cattle biological material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited, and comprises bacillus licheniformis, enterococcus faecalis and metabolites thereof, corn flour and rice hull powder.

Further, the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate; the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

Further, the fermentation mixture is obtained by mixing Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and cassava alcohol residues, adding probiotic, and fermenting for 8-12 days.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and the cassava alcohol residues is 1: 1.

Furthermore, the water content of the Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and the cassava alcohol residues is controlled to be 30-50% after mixing.

Further, the addition amount of the probiotic agent is 400-600 g/ton of mixed material.

Further, the probiotic agent is a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotechnology Limited.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the beef cattle complete biological pellet feed, which comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and the hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides No. 1 hybrid pennisetum particles according to a proportion, controlling the water content to be 30-50%, adding probiotics, uniformly mixing, and performing sealed fermentation for 8-12 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. and (3) uniformly mixing the fermentation mixture with barley, red yeast rice red meal, a biological premix, jasmine flower residues, starch residues, sweet wormwood powder, mulberry twig leaf powder, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant and salt according to a ratio, granulating by using a ring die granulator to prepare feed particles with the particle size of 6-8 mm, and cooling to obtain the feed.

The feeding method of the complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of the invention comprises the following steps: the feed is fed alone or used together with fresh grass, hay and silage; when the feed is fed alone, each head is fed according to 2-3% of the body weight every day; the feed is mixed with fresh grass, hay and silage according to the following feeding mass ratio: mixing with fresh grass at a ratio of 1: 5; 1:2 of hay; mixing with silage in a ratio of 1: 3; and is matched with sufficient drinking water.

Description of the components of the invention:

the red yeast rice red meal of the invention is the residue left after the monascin is extracted from the composite red wine fermentation material.

Sweet wormwood herb, the name of traditional Chinese medicine. Alias: artemisia, Tu-hong, Artemisia selengensis, Fang kuan, Artemisia, Aconitum sanderianum, Artemisia capillaris, herba on the evil away, Artemisia aromatica, Artemisia sphaerocephala, Artemisia nigra, buttercup and Artemisia selengensis. Is dried aerial part of Artemisia annua L of Artemisia of Compositae. Nature, flavor and meridian tropism: bitter and pungent taste, cold in nature; it enters liver and gallbladder meridians. The efficacy is as follows: has effects of clearing away deficiency heat, cooling blood, removing heat from the blood, relieving summer-heat, and preventing malaria. The main treatment is as follows: warming pathogen damaging yin, night fever and early coolness, yin deficiency fever, fatigue fever and bone steaming, summer-heat exogenous disease, fever thirst, malaria chills and fever.

Ramulus mori, Latin scientific name: morus alba l. alias: ramulus Mori, and tender ramulus Mori. It is a general term for branches and leaves, mulberry branches, mulberry twigs and tender mulberry branches of mulberry trees. Deciduous shrubs or small trees. Nature, flavor and meridian tropism: slightly bitter; the nature is mild. Enter liver meridian. The efficacy is as follows: dispel wind-damp, benefit joints and move water and dampness. The main treatment is as follows: it is indicated for arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness, spasm of limbs, edema of beriberi, and wind itching of body.

Jasmine, namely the alias: and (3) jasmine. Latin name: jasminum sambac (L.) Ait, Oleaceae, genus Jasminum, erects or climbs shrubs. Nature and taste: has pungent, sweet, and cool effects, and is effective for clearing away heat and toxic materials, and removing dampness. The efficacy is as follows: regulating qi-flowing, regulating the middle warmer, resolving stagnation and removing filth. The main treatment is as follows: diarrhea, abdominal pain, conjunctival congestion, swelling and pain, sores and ulcers, etc.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. in the feed raw materials, cassava alcohol residues, red yeast rice red meals and jasmine flower residues are used as main protein raw materials, Guizhou 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides, barley and starch residues are used as main energy raw materials, and a biological premix containing rumen-bypass probiotics is added, so that the prepared feed has relatively balanced nutritional value, is rich in amino acid, trace elements and high plant protein, can reach the content shown in Table 3, crude protein is up to about 25.54%, crude fiber is down to about 23.28%, digestion energy is up to about 3.05 Mcal/kg, the total nutritional requirements in daily ration of beef cattle can be met, and the cost of the breeding feed is greatly reduced; the red yeast rice red cake has the characteristics of high protein, high amino acid content and easy digestion and absorption, and also has the effects of helping digestion and removing swelling, promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels, and harmonizing stomach and tonifying spleen; the jasmine flower residues can also clear away heat and toxic materials, promote diuresis, regulate qi and harmonize the middle warmer, relieve depression and avoid dirt, and the sweet wormwood herb powder and the mulberry branches and leaves with the traditional Chinese medicine effects are matched, so that the physique of the beef cattle is comprehensively improved, the immunity is enhanced, and the nutrition absorption is promoted; the added rumen-bypass probiotics can promote the digestion and absorption of nutrient substances in the feed, particularly the absorption of small peptides, thereby improving the quality of beef cattle and increasing the content of amino acid in the beef cattle muscle. The raw materials of the feed are scientifically and reasonably matched, and the feed can be used for feeding beef cattle, can achieve the effects of increasing average daily gain, reducing feed conversion ratio and improving disease resistance as shown in table 4; the effect of improving slaughter rate shown in Table 5 and the effect of improving meat quality shown in Table 6 were obtained.

2. In the feed raw materials, the cassava alcohol residues are main protein raw materials, so that sufficient digestive metabolic energy is provided, and the sweet wormwood powder also has the characteristics of high crude protein, low crude fiber and rich amino acid content, and can prevent diarrhea, prevent dysentery and promote growth; on one hand, the red yeast rice red meal can provide sufficient digestible and absorbable protein and rich amino acid, and is cooperated with cassava alcohol residues to adjust the acid-base balance in the beef cattle body, so that a weak-base environment is formed, the body condition of the beef cattle in captivity is improved, and the feed intake of the beef cattle is enhanced; on the other hand, the sweet wormwood herb powder can be used for cooperating with the sweet wormwood herb powder to achieve the effects of health care and body building, improving the disease resistance of organisms, promoting healthy development and improving the disease resistance rate; the sweet wormwood contains various chemical components, is particularly rich in carotene and vitamin C, and is beneficial to enhancing the immune function, improving the quality of the organism, preventing and treating malaria and moistening the skin; the sweet wormwood herb is spicy and strange in smell, can stimulate appetite, enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and help to digest food, and the red color of the red yeast rice red meal can stimulate the appetite of the beef cattle and further enhance the feed intake of the beef cattle. The three are mixed to obtain the effect shown in the table 4-6, and the production performance, disease resistance, slaughtering performance and meat performance of the beef cattle are greatly improved, so that the feed conversion ratio is reduced, the utilization of feed grains such as corn and soybean meal is reduced, and the cost of the breeding feed is reduced.

4. The complete biological granulated feed for beef cattle, disclosed by the invention, has better palatability, contains traditional Chinese medicine components, obviously enhances the immunity of the organism, improves the disease resistance, and reduces the morbidity and mortality; meanwhile, the beef quality can be obviously improved, the meat quality and flavor are increased, the taste is good, the accumulation of cholesterol in the beef is obviously reduced, and the requirements of people on health foods can be met. The feed is used for beef cattle breeding, can meet the daily growth nutritional requirements of beef cattle, has low cost, high growth speed, strong disease resistance and excellent meat quality, is very suitable for vigorous popularization and use in cattle breeding industry in rural happy industry, and has remarkable breeding economic benefit.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention is illustrated by the following more specific examples.

Example 1

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of barley, 50 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 80 parts of jasmine flower residue, 50 parts of biological premix, 200 parts of starch residue, 250 parts of fermentation mixture, 60 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 60 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 0.5 part of mildew preventive, 0.1 part of antioxidant and 0.2 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle biological material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin Murrao Biotech limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 40% to obtain a mixed material, adding 400 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company, uniformly mixing, and performing barreling, sealing and fermentation for 8 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle size of 6mm, and cooling.

Example 2

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 240 parts of barley, 60 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 90 parts of jasmine flower residue, 60 parts of biological premix, 210 parts of starch residue, 260 parts of fermentation mixture, 70 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 80 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 1 part of mildew preventive, 0.3 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 45% to obtain a mixed material, adding 500 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed leaven of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin Murray Biotech limited company, uniformly mixing, barreling, sealing and fermenting for 9 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle size of 6mm, and cooling.

Example 3

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 280 parts of barley, 70 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 95 parts of jasmine flower residue, 100 parts of biological premix, 210 parts of starch residue, 280 parts of fermentation mixture, 65 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 55 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 1.5 parts of mildew preventive, 0.2 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 50% to obtain a mixed material, adding 500 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited company, uniformly mixing, barreling, sealing and fermenting for 10 days to prepare a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew preventive, and antioxidant at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle diameter of 7mm, and cooling.

Example 4

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 280 parts of barley, 75 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 130 parts of jasmine flower residue, 70 parts of biological premix, 200 parts of starch residue, 300 parts of fermentation mixture, 70 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 60 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 2 parts of mildew preventive, 0.1 part of antioxidant and 0.4 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 35% to obtain a mixed material, adding 500 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited company, uniformly mixing, bagging, sealing and fermenting for 11 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant, and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle diameter of 6mm, and cooling.

Example 5

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 320 parts of barley, 140 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 105 parts of jasmine flower residue, 70 parts of biological premix, 300 parts of starch residue, 320 parts of fermentation mixture, 120 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 65 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 2.5 parts of mildew preventive, 0.2 part of antioxidant and 0.2 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and the hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder No. 1/1 in a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 40% to obtain a mixed material, adding a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin Murray Biotech limited company in an amount of 600 g/ton of the mixed material, uniformly mixing, and performing barreled sealed fermentation for 12 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle size of 6mm, and cooling.

Example 6

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 285 parts of barley, 85 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 85 parts of jasmine flower residue, 75 parts of biological premix, 220 parts of starch residue, 350 parts of fermentation mixture, 80 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 120 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 1 part of mildew preventive, 0.3 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 45% to obtain a mixed material, adding 500 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited company, uniformly mixing, and performing barreled sealed fermentation for 12 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant, and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle diameter of 6mm, and cooling.

Example 7

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 290 parts of barley, 110 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 100 parts of jasmine flower residue, 80 parts of biological premix, 200 parts of starch residue, 330 parts of fermentation mixture, 80 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 80 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 3 parts of mildew preventive, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.4 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to be 30% to obtain a mixed material, adding 500 g/ton of the mixed material into a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited company, uniformly mixing, and performing barreling, sealing and fermentation for 8 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant, and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle diameter of 8mm, and cooling.

Example 8

A complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of barley, 150 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 120 parts of jasmine flower residue, 80 parts of biological premix, 250 parts of starch residue, 310 parts of fermentation mixture, 100 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 140 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 2 parts of mildew preventive, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.5 part of salt;

the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture biotechnology limited company;

the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate;

the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

A preparation method of a beef cattle complete biological pellet feed comprises the following steps:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1, adjusting the water content to 50% to obtain a mixed material, adding a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotech limited company in an amount of 600 g/ton of the mixed material, uniformly mixing, and performing barreling, sealing and fermentation for 10 days to obtain a biological premix for later use;

C. mixing the above fermented mixture with fructus Hordei vulgaris, red rice red meal, flos Jasmini sambac residue, biological premix, starch residue, herba Artemisiae Annuae powder, ramulus Mori leaf powder, mildew inhibitor, antioxidant, and Sal at a certain ratio, granulating with ring mould granulator to obtain feed granule with particle diameter of 8mm, and cooling.

Comparative example 1

Essentially the same as example 4, except that the preparation raw material did not contain the artemisia apiacea powder dregs and the fermentation mixture did not contain the cassava alcohol dregs; the weight parts of other components are unchanged.

Comparative example 2

Basically the same as example 4, except that the raw materials for preparation do not contain red yeast rice red meal and sweet wormwood powder; the weight parts of other components are unchanged.

Comparative example 3

Substantially the same as in example 4, except that the preparation raw material did not contain red koji red cake and the fermentation mixture did not contain cassava alcohol residue; the weight parts of other components are unchanged.

Comparative example 4

Basically the same as example 4, except that the preparation raw materials do not contain red yeast rice red meal and sweet wormwood powder, and the fermentation mixture does not contain cassava alcohol residues; the weight parts of other components are unchanged.

Nutrition index detection experiment

1. Test materials

1.1 test time and location

The test time is 4 months, the pre-feeding period is 7 days, the time is 2021 year, 6 months, 3 days to 2021 year, 10 months and 10 days, the test is carried out in a beef cattle test field cowshed at a pasture work station in the autonomous region of Guangxi Zhuang nationality, and the detection of related indexes is carried out in the Guangxi analysis and detection research center and the Yima farming and pasturing science and technology Limited company in the Uulan Carbaena city.

1.2 test materials and subjects

The test chose 8-month-old simmental beef cattle weighing about 300 kg (P >0.05) from the test cattle farm at the autonomous region pasture station of the Guangxi Zhuang nationality. Before the test, corresponding immunization programs are carried out, and the body condition is healthy and the spirit is good.

Experimental groups: the feeds prepared in the embodiments 1 to 8 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present invention;

control group: daily ration matching in a cattle farm: the compound feed is fed by adopting a mode of feeding by mixing concentrate and coarse feed according to the dry matter content of 3:7, the concentrate is corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, biological premix, salt, calcium hydrophosphate and the like, and the coarse feed is silage hybrid pennisetum feed.

2. Test method and feeding management

2.1 adopting a random sampling method, respectively selecting 1000g of samples from examples 1-8, comparative examples 1-4 and a control group of the invention, sending the samples to Guangxi Zhuang nationality autonomous region analysis and test research center and Yima agriculture and animal husbandry technology Limited company for detection of nutritional indexes, repeating the detection for 4 times, and taking the average number of the detected samples, wherein the crude protein refers to GB/T6432-2018 'determination of crude protein in feed', the crude fiber refers to GB/T6434-2006 'determination of crude fiber in feed', the calcium refers to GB/T6436-2018 'determination of calcium in feed', and the total phosphorus refers to GB/T6437-2002 'determination spectrophotometry of total phosphorus in feed'. The preparation of the test daily ration refers to the beef cattle feeding standard NY/T815-2004, the composition of the test grouped daily ration is shown in table 1, the composition of the concentrated feed of a beef cattle control group is shown in table 2, and the detection result of the example nutrition index is shown in table 3.

2.2 by adopting a random block design method, dividing 60 beef cattle into 5 treatment groups at random, wherein each treatment group has 3 times of repetition, each treatment group has 4 times of beef cattle, and the feed prepared in the embodiment 4 and the comparative examples 1-4 of the invention and the daily ration matched with the cattle farm of the control group are respectively fed under the same feeding condition.

TABLE 1 test groups and daily ration composition

Table 2 composition of concentrated feed for beef cattle control group (%)

Composition (I)	Corn (corn)	Bean pulp	Wheat bran	Biological premix	Salt	Calcium hydrogen phosphate
							Weight (D)	60	15	14	9.5	0.5	1

Table 3 table for detecting nutrition index of fodder

Note: the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters in shoulder notation to indicate significant difference (P <0.05), and marked with the same lower case letters in shoulder notation to indicate insignificant difference (P > 0.05). The same is applied below.

As can be seen from Table 3, the difference of the complete granulated feeds of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 4 in dry matter content is not significant compared with that of the control group; in the aspect of crude protein, the content of the crude protein in the examples 1 to 8 and the content of the crude protein in the comparative examples 1 to 3 are higher than that of the control group, and the content of the crude protein in the comparative example 4 which does not contain red yeast rice red meal, cassava alcohol residues and sweet wormwood powder is lower than that of the control group; in terms of crude fiber, examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were all lower than those of the control group; in terms of calcium content and total phosphorus, examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are all higher than the control group, while comparative example 4, which does not contain red yeast rice red meal, cassava alcohol residues and sweet wormwood powder, is lower than the control group; in terms of digestion energy, examples 1-8 were all higher than the control, while comparative examples 1-4 were all lower than the control. Therefore, all indexes of the complete pellet feed are superior to those of a control group; the indexes of example 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are all better than those of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, and especially the digestion energy value is improved, and the protein increasing effect is obvious.

Example 10 test of the Effect on beef cattle growth Performance

The test mainly researches the influence of the complete granulated feed for beef cattle on the growth performance, slaughter performance and meat performance of the beef cattle, analyzes the influence of the complete granulated feed for beef cattle on the production performance of the beef cattle by counting indexes such as average weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, morbidity, slaughter rate, net meat rate, meat performance and the like of the beef cattle, and provides scientific reference basis for the production and utilization of the complete granulated feed in the beef cattle.

1. Test materials

The tested beef cattle is the beef cattle fed in the nutrition index detection experiment, a barn feeding and captive breeding mode is adopted, the beef cattle barn and the surrounding environment are cleaned and disinfected completely before the test, the beef cattle is fed in and out completely, natural illumination, temperature and humidity are kept, free drinking water is used for feeding, and the beef cattle barn is cleaned and disinfected regularly. At the end of the test 3 random aliquots were drawn from each test group for slaughter and meat analysis.

2. Detecting the index

And (3) measuring the weight of each beef cattle when entering a fence, regularly observing the health condition of the beef cattle during feeding, weighing every 30 days, recording the feed consumption, and carrying out calculation statistics on the average weight, the average daily gain, the average daily feed intake, the feed-meat ratio and the survival rate. The calculation formula is as follows:

average body weight (kilograms) is the total weight (kilograms) per test group;

② average daily gain (kilograms per day) vs total gain (kilograms) per day of feeding (d)/head of test group;

(iii) average daily feed intake (kilograms per day) is the total feed intake (kilograms) per feeding day (d)/the number of heads of the test group;

(iv) feed to meat ratio, average daily food intake (kilograms) per average daily gain (kilograms);

fifthly, the morbidity is (morbidity head number/total head number) multiplied by 100 percent, and the morbidity head number: and counting the number of the beef cattle with diseases (death, cold, fever, diarrhea and other related disease symptoms) in the test period.

3. Experimental methods

Slaughter determination is carried out after the test is finished, and detection indexes mainly comprise live weight, carcass weight, slaughter rate, meat purity, eye muscle area, water loss rate, tenderness value, crude protein content and amino acid content.

At the end of the test, the jugular vein of the beef cattle after fasting and water deprivation is killed by bloodletting. Recording the live weight of the beef cattle before slaughtering, removing the head, hoof and viscera, weighing the carcass after peeling, and calculating the slaughter rate:

slaughter rate (%) > 100 x carcass weight/pre-slaughter live weight

Net meat ratio (%) < 100 x net meat weight/carcass weight

Eye muscle area: transverse area of longissimus dorsi between rib 12 and rib 13. The eye muscle cross section was outlined with a sulfuric acid drawing paper and the eye muscle area was calculated:

eye muscle area (cm)²) Eye muscle height × eye muscle width × 0.7.

Water loss rate, tenderness: the moisture loss rate and the tenderness of the meat sample are measured by an RH-1000 type water power measuring instrument and an RH-N50 type meat tenderness measuring instrument. A7 cm meat sample of the longissimus dorsi of each slaughtered cow is sent to the Guangxi analysis and test research center to measure indexes such as protein and muscle amino acid content. The crude protein is determined by referring to the first Kjeldahl method in GB 5009.5-2016 content determination of protein in food safety national standard food.

4. Test results

The experimental data are expressed in the form of "mean ± standard deviation", subjected to preliminary conditioning using Excel software, and subjected to one-way anova using SPSS 16.

4.1 the results of the effect on the production performance index are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 influence of the production Performance of beef cattle fed with complete pellet feed

Note: the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters in shoulder notation to indicate significant difference (P <0.05), and marked with the same lower case letters in shoulder notation to indicate insignificant difference (P > 0.05). The same applies below.

As can be seen from Table 4:

(1) example 4 is the best example, compared with the control group, the average body weight, the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of the test are all obviously improved, the feed-meat ratio is reduced, and the morbidity is 0; therefore, the complete pellet feed can accelerate the growth of beef cattle, reduce the feed consumption and greatly reduce the incidence of the beef cattle. The pellet feed disclosed by the invention is more balanced in nutrition and more scientific in formula, and particularly, the growth speed of beef cattle can be increased by reasonably matching high protein and low fiber; the traditional Chinese medicine components can improve the disease resistance and immunity of beef cattle, thereby greatly reducing the morbidity.

(2) In the aspects of testing the average body weight, the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake, the synergistic effect of the example 4 relative to the comparative example 3 is more than 10 percent higher than the sum of the synergistic effects of the comparative examples 1 and 2 relative to the comparative example 3 respectively; in terms of morbidity, the synergistic effect of the example 4 relative to the comparative example 2 is more than 10% higher than the sum of the synergistic effects of the comparative examples 1 and 3 relative to the comparative example 2; in the aspect of testing of no average body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and morbidity, the synergistic effect of the example 4 relative to the comparative example 4 is more than 10% higher than the sum of the synergistic effects of the comparative examples 1-3 respectively relative to the comparative example 4.

4.2 the results of the effect on slaughter performance indicators are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 influence of slaughter Performance of beef cattle fed with complete pellet feed

From table 5, it can be seen that:

(1) example 4 is the best example, and compared with a control group, all indexes are obviously improved; therefore, the granulated feed can improve the structural composition of the beef cattle, improve the net meat rate and further improve the slaughtering performance of the beef cattle.

(2) In terms of carcass weight, slaughter rate and meat purity, the synergistic effect of the composition in example 4 relative to comparative example 3 is more than 10% higher than the sum of the synergistic effects of the composition in comparative example 1 and the composition in comparative example 2 relative to comparative example 3; the synergistic effect of example 4 relative to comparative example 4 was also more than 10% higher than the sum of the synergistic effects of comparative examples 1 to 3, respectively relative to comparative example 4.

4.3 the effect on meat quality performance index is shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6 influence of the Performance of beef cattle fed with complete pellet feed

Note: the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters to indicate significant difference (P <0.05), and marked with different upper case letters to indicate insignificant difference (P < 0.05).

From table 6, it can be seen that:

(1) example 4 is the best example, compared with the control group, the muscle crude protein, the amino acid (16 total amino acid), the tenderness and the flesh color grade are all obviously improved, and the pH value, the fat content and the water loss rate are reduced; therefore, the complete pellet feed can obviously improve the meat quality.

(2) In the aspects of muscle crude protein, amino acid (16 total amino acid amount), fat content, water loss rate and tenderness, the synergistic action of the embodiment 4 is higher than that of the comparative example 3 by more than 10 percent compared with the sum of the synergistic actions of the comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively compared with the comparative example 3; the synergistic effect of the embodiment 4 is higher than that of the comparative example 4 by more than 10% than the sum of the synergistic effects of the comparative examples 1 to 3 respectively.

The data in tables 4-6 can be obtained because: in the feed raw materials, the cassava alcohol residues are main protein raw materials, so that sufficient digestive metabolic energy is provided, and the sweet wormwood powder also has the characteristics of high crude protein, low crude fiber and rich amino acid content, and can prevent diarrhea, prevent dysentery and promote growth; on one hand, the red yeast rice red meal can provide sufficient digestible and absorbable protein and rich amino acid, and is cooperated with cassava alcohol residues to adjust the acid-base balance in the beef cattle body, so that a weak-base environment is formed, the body condition of the beef cattle in captivity is improved, and the feed intake of the beef cattle is enhanced; on the other hand, the sweet wormwood herb powder can be used for cooperating with the sweet wormwood herb powder to achieve the effects of health care and body building, improving the disease resistance of organisms, promoting healthy development and improving the disease resistance rate; the sweet wormwood contains various chemical components, is particularly rich in carotene and vitamin C, and is beneficial to enhancing the immune function, improving the quality of the organism, preventing and treating malaria and moistening the skin; the sweet wormwood herb is spicy and strange in smell, can stimulate appetite, enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and help to digest food, and the red color of the red yeast rice red meal can stimulate the appetite of the beef cattle and further enhance the feed intake of the beef cattle. The three are mixed to obtain the effect shown in the table 4-6, and the production performance, disease resistance, slaughtering performance and meat performance of the beef cattle are greatly improved, so that the feed conversion ratio is reduced, the utilization of feed grains such as corn and soybean meal is reduced, and the cost of the breeding feed is reduced.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 240-320 parts of barley, 50-150 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 80-130 parts of jasmine flower residues, 50-100 parts of biological premix, 200-300 parts of starch residues, 250-350 parts of fermentation mixture, 60-120 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 50-140 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 0.5-3 parts of mildew preventive, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.5 part of salt.

2. The beef cattle complete biological pellet feed as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 280-300 parts of barley, 100-140 parts of red yeast rice red meal, 100-120 parts of jasmine flower residues, 60-80 parts of biological premix, 220-250 parts of starch residues, 260-320 parts of fermentation mixture, 70-100 parts of sweet wormwood powder, 80-120 parts of mulberry twig leaf powder, 1-2 parts of mildew preventive, 0.2-0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3-0.4 part of salt.

3. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the biological premix is 10 percent beef cattle raw material produced by Guangxi Nanning Xin pasture Biotechnology limited company.

4. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mildew preventive comprises sodium diacetate and calcium propionate; the antioxidant comprises hexyloxyquinoline and dibutyl hydroxy toluene.

5. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of claim 1, wherein: the fermentation mixture is prepared by mixing Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and cassava alcohol residues, and adding probiotic agent for fermentation for 8-12 days.

6. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and cassava alcohol residues is 1: 1.

7. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of claim 5, wherein: the water content of the Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum and cassava alcohol residues is controlled to be 30-50% after mixing.

8. The complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle of claim 5, wherein: the addition amount of the probiotic agent is 400-600 g/ton of mixed material.

9. The beef cattle complete biological pellet feed as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: the probiotic agent is a microbial ecological fermentation feed starter of product vitality brand of Guangxi Nanning Xin pastoral biotechnology limited company.

10. A method for preparing a complete biological pellet feed for beef cattle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

A. selecting and grinding Gui-Ming No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides with the growth height of less than 200cm into fresh particles for later use;

B. uniformly mixing cassava alcohol residues and the Guiyan No. 1 hybrid pennisetum alopecuroides particles according to a proportion, controlling the water content to be 30-50%, adding probiotics, uniformly mixing, and performing sealed fermentation for 8-12 days to obtain a fermentation mixture for later use;

C. and (3) uniformly mixing the fermentation mixture with barley, red yeast rice red meal, a biological premix, jasmine flower residues, starch residues, sweet wormwood powder, mulberry twig leaf powder, a mildew preventive, an antioxidant and salt according to a ratio, granulating by using a ring die granulator to prepare feed particles with the particle size of 6-8 mm, and cooling to obtain the feed.