CN1140790A - Tunneler and tunnel excavating method - Google Patents
Tunneler and tunnel excavating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1140790A CN1140790A CN 96110624 CN96110624A CN1140790A CN 1140790 A CN1140790 A CN 1140790A CN 96110624 CN96110624 CN 96110624 CN 96110624 A CN96110624 A CN 96110624A CN 1140790 A CN1140790 A CN 1140790A
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Abstract
The present invention provides the method to make the outer shape of a body expandable/shrinkable and eliminate the interference between the inner face wall of a tunnel and the outer peripheral face of the body by moving multiple support bodies split in the peripheral direction along the radial direction. When the outer diameter of a body is to be shrunk as required, side support cylinders 18-21 are driven to shrink cylinder rods, and side supports 13, 14 are rotated inward while their connection sections to a lower support 25 are used as fulcrums. A roof support cylinder 25 is driven to move the support main body 12a of a roof support 12 inward. Support connection sections 12b, 12c are moved inward to the side supports 13, 14 side, and the shrinkage of the outer periphery length caused by the outer diameter shrinkage of the body is absorbed. When the outer diameter of the body is shrunk and the interference between the inner face wall of a tunnel and the outer peripheral face of the body is eliminated, an excavation is restarted. When the body is somewhat advanced, the support cylinders 18-21 are driven, and the outer diameter of the body is returned to the original outer diameter.
Description
The present invention relates to tunnel excavator and tunneling method, particularly excavate basement rock and wait the tunnel boring machine (TBM) of constructing the tunnel.
General tunnel boring machine (hereinafter referred to as TBM) is the cutterhead that can drive rotation in the anterior installation of cylindrical shape panel, on this cutterhead, the pulley type cutting knife (ロ-ラ カ ッ ) that a plurality of excavation basement rock are used is installed.On this panel, the tunnel internal face crimping that is installed with and has excavated formation is to keep a pair of preceding support boots of this positions of panels.In addition, in the next door of panel, fixing guide hollow and that rearward extend, at the rear portion of this guide, being installed with can be along the rear portion prop that tunneling direction moves.On this rear portion prop, be installed with and excavate the tunnel internal face crimping of formation to keep a pair of back brace boots of this prop position, rear portion.Between panel and rear portion prop, setting up several PF cylinder pressures.
Therefore, keeping prop position, rear portion, preceding support boots to remove under the state of counter plate position maintenance by the back brace boots, if the cutterhead rotation is driven, make above-mentioned several PF cylinder pressure elongations on one side, on one side then a plurality of pulley type cutting knife excavates the basement rock in the place ahead, on one side panel advances.When the PF cylinder pressure was stretched to full stroke, by the position that preceding support boots are keeping panel, the position that the back brace boots are removed the rear portion prop kept.Under this state, when this a plurality of PF cylinder pressure of withdrawal, then the rear portion prop furthers with respect to panel and advances.Then, as previously mentioned, keeping the position of rear portion prop by the back brace boots, the position that preceding support boots are removed counter plate keeps, drive the cutterhead limit by limit rotation and extend this several PF cylinder pressures, excavate basement rock and advance, construct the tunnel by carrying out this operation repeatedly by a plurality of pulley type cutting knifes.
But, when excavating basement rock and form the tunnel with above-mentioned existing TBM, sometimes because of the maintenance of device, change cutting knife, failure and other reasons needs long-time the interruption to excavate, perhaps because of stopping using TBM2～3 day on day off etc.And basement rock normally is compressive state and is in the sill, owing to formed the tunnel, this basement rock can expand, and the internal diameter in the tunnel that is excavated by TBM is diminished.Under this state, as mentioned above, when basement rock expanded, stress acted on the outer peripheral face of panel, and when excavating basement rock formation tunnel with TBM once more, panel is that the TBM body can not readvance.
Because of basement rock expands the tunnel internal diameter that has excavated is diminished, when panel (TBM) can not readvance, in the prior art, the operator will walk out TBM, with the neighboring of artificial excavation surface plate, began to excavate after the internal diameter expansion with the tunnel again.Therefore, increased the weight of operator's burden, operating efficiency reduces, and constructs the time lengthening in tunnel.
The present invention makes in order to address the above problem, and its purpose is to provide a kind of tunnel excavator and tunneling method that can improve digging operation efficient.
To achieve these goals, the feature of tunnel excavator of the present invention is that it has: the tubular drill body that is made of the prop that is divided into several along Zhou Fangxiang; By making above-mentioned several props make the external diameter expansion of drill body and the prop travel mechanism that dwindles along moving radially of drill body; Be installed in the cutterhead of the driven rotation of drill body front portion; Be provided in a pair of rear portion prop at drill body rear; Make this a pair of rear portion prop be crimped on the rear portion prop compression joint mechanism that excavates on the tunnel internal face; Be erected at several propulsive mechanisms between drill body and the rear portion prop.
Therefore, when excavating basement rock with this tunnel excavator, under the state that by back prop compression joint mechanism a pair of rear portion prop is crimped on the tunnel internal face that has excavated, drive installation on one side is in the cutterhead rotation of drill body front portion, by several propulsive mechanisms drill body is advanced with respect to the rear portion prop on one side, excavate the basement rock in the place ahead by cutterhead, then form the tunnel.When the digging operation that stops excavator for a long time, when the internal diameter in the tunnel that has excavated being diminished because of basement rock expansion etc., by prop travel mechanism several props side in this drill body that constitutes drill body is moved, to dwindle the external diameter of drill body, eliminate the interference of tunnel internal face to the drill body outer peripheral face, drill body just can advance.
In addition, tunneling method of the present invention is to make on one side fore cutter plate driver rotation is installed, the tubular drill body that is divided into several portions along Zhou Fangxiang is advanced, excavate the basement rock in the place ahead and form the tunnel, it is characterized in that, cause when expanding when internal diameter in the tunnel that the drill body periphery forms diminishes, excavate again after dwindling the external diameter of above-mentioned tubular drill body because of the basement rock that excavated.
Therefore, when excavating basement rock with this tunneling method, while making anterior cutter plate driver rotation that the drill body of tubular is advanced, the basement rock that excavates the place ahead can form the tunnel, when the tunnel internal diameter that is formed on the drill body periphery being diminished, just can tunnel by the external diameter that dwindles this tubular drill body because of the basement rock exapnsion that excavates.
Fig. 1 is the profile as the tunnel boring machine of one embodiment of the invention tunnel excavator.
Fig. 2 is an II-II line profile among Fig. 1, the section of the major part of expression present embodiment tunnel boring machine.
Fig. 3 is an III-III line profile among Fig. 1, the section of the major part of expression present embodiment tunnel boring machine.
Fig. 4 is an IV-IV line profile among Fig. 1, the section of the major part of expression present embodiment tunnel boring machine.
In the accompanying drawings:
The 11-drill body;
12-top prop;
13,14-side prop;
Prop under the 15-;
18,19-side prop rework solution cylinder pressure;
25-top prop hydraulic cylinder;
The 26-cutter tip;
29-cutter driving motor;
The 31-guide;
Prop behind the 32-(rear support body);
42,43-back brace boots;
45-PF cylinder pressure (propulsion plant);
Below, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the section sketch map as the tunnel boring machine of one embodiment of the invention tunnel excavator, Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is the major part profile of this embodiment tunnel boring machine, the II-II section of Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1, the III-III section of Fig. 3 presentation graphs 1, the IV-IV section of Fig. 4 presentation graphs 1.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in the tunnel boring machine of present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as TBM), cylindrical circular drill body 11 is made of several (being 4 among the present invention) props that are divided at circumferencial direction, promptly is made of top prop 12, an offside prop 13,14 and following prop 15.That is,, fixing cutterhead support 17 integratedly at the peripheral part of supporting disk 16.In the bottom of this cutterhead support 17, fixing outer peripheral face is the above-mentioned prop 15 down of circular arc.Outer peripheral face is the both sides that an above-mentioned offside prop 13,14 of circular arc is positioned at cutterhead support 17, and the bottom of cutterhead support 17 is articulated on the above-mentioned prop 15 down.Outer peripheral face is the top that the above-mentioned top prop 12 of circular arc is positioned at cutterhead support 17, and the both sides of this top prop 12 are connected with each side prop 13,14.
Both sides at cutterhead support 17, side prop rework solution cylinder pressure 18,19 and side prop wedging hydraulic cylinder 20,21 are installed respectively, the piston rod leading section of each side prop rework solution cylinder pressure 18,19 is connected with each side prop 13,14, at the piston rod leading section of each side prop wedging hydraulic cylinder 20,21, be installed with the wedge parts 22,23 of each side prop 13,14 to foreign side's pushing.Top prop 12 is made of supporting body 12a and the prop connecting portion 12b, the 12c that are rotatably connected to its two ends.Each end of this prop connecting portion 12b, 12c can be connected the upper end of each side prop 13,14 movably at Zhou Fangxiang by connecting pin 24.On the top of cutterhead support 17, top prop hydraulic cylinder 25 is installed, the piston rod front end of this top prop hydraulic cylinder 25 is connected with the supporting body 12a of top prop 12.
Therefore, when each side prop hydraulic cylinder 18,19,20,21 of driving made the hydraulic cylinder piston rod withdrawal, side prop 13,14 was a fulcrum with its connecting portion with following prop 15, inwardly side's rotation.When driving top prop hydraulic cylinder 25 made its piston rod withdrawal, the supporting body 12a of top prop 12 inwardly side moved.At this moment, prop connecting portion 12b, the 12c of top prop 12 can be connected with side prop 13,14 at Zhou Fangxiang movably by connecting pin 24, along with the top prop 12 (supporting body 12a) and the inside side of side prop 13,14 move, while each side prop connecting portion 12b, 12c dwindles and the distance of side prop 13,14 inwardly the side is mobile.Like this, move external diameter that can scalable drill body 11 by the inside side of top prop 12 and side prop 13,14 or to foreign side.
In the front portion of drill body 11, by cutterhead support 17 cutterhead 26 is installed, in these cutterhead 26 front portions, the pulley type cutting knife 27 that a plurality of excavation basement rock are used is installed.On this cutterhead 26, fixing gear ring 28, on cutterhead support 17, a plurality of (being 12 in the present embodiment) cutter driving motor 29 is being installed, the driven wheel 30 of this cutter driving motor 29 and gear ring 28 engagements.Therefore, drive this motor 29, can drive cutterhead 26 rotations by driven wheel 30 and gear ring 28.
An end that is the guide 31 of tetragonal tubular is fixed on the rear portion of cutterhead support 17, and the rear portion of this guide 31 extends to the rear in the tunnel.In the rearward end of this guide 31, fixing back prop 32, on this back prop 32,2 legs 33 at supporting guide 31 rear portions are installed, this leg can be flexible by support hydraulic cylinder 34.Rear portion at guide 31, be installed with as the rear portion prop, can go up support boots bearing 35 along what these guide 31 length directions moved, with respect to last support boots bearing 35 pair of right and left support down moving up and down boots bearing 36 is installed also, support boots bearing 36 is moved up and down by a pair of vertical hydraulic cylinder 37.Support boots hydraulic cylinder 38 is installed on last support boots bearing 35 on the pair of right and left, under support support boots hydraulic cylinder 39 under the pair of right and left be installed on the boots bearing 36.The body of this support boots hydraulic cylinder 38,39 is articulated on the support boots bearing 35,36 by fulcrum post 40,41.At the leading section of drive rod, the circular arc back brace boots 42,43 of pair of right and left and tunnel internal face crimping are installed.
Therefore, drive support hydraulic cylinder 34,, its leading section is contacted with the tunnel internal face 33 elongations of 2 spikes, just can be at the rear portion of tunnel internal support guide 31.In addition, drive support boots hydraulic cylinder 38,39, make the drive rod elongation, make each back brace boots 42,43 and tunnel internal face crimping, just can support movably guide 31 by the tunnel inwall.
One end of connecting rod 44 is connected on the above-mentioned supporting disk 16, the back brace boots 42,43 of back prop 32 are connected with the body of PF cylinder pressure 45, the other end of this connecting rod 44 is connected by connecting pin 46 with the drive rod front end of PF cylinder pressure 45, and is connected with guide 31 by bearing connecting rod 47.The boring mechanism that is made of this connecting rod 44 and PF cylinder pressure 45 is provided with 6 in the present embodiment.Therefore,, drill body 11 and back prop 32 are toward or away from, change both relative positions by driving this PF cylinder pressure 45.
Central portion in cutterhead 26 is setting hopper 48, is fixed on the supporting disk 16 by carriage 49.In guide 31, setting and be used for transporting peeling and being with conveyer 50 excavating rock down, the one end is connected the bottom of hopper 48, and the other end extends to the rear, tunnel.
Bottom in the tunnel that forms by the excavation basement rock in turn is assembled into railway roadbed T, is laying track R on this railway roadbed T, and chassis C can walk on this track R, and the railway roadbed T that newly is assembled into is transported in the tunnel by this chassis C.Also fixing track 51 below guide 31, along this track 51 draw hook 52 is being installed movably, the railway roadbed T that is transported into by chassis C is assembled into preposition by this draw hook 52.On the following prop 15 of drill body 11,3 pushing hydraulic cylinders 53 are installed, by driving (elongation) this pushing hydraulic cylinder 53, can seamlessly dispose railway roadbed T.In addition, for the TBM of center of gravity,, can suppress the inclination of drill body 11 by driving (elongation) this pushing hydraulic cylinder 53 in drill body 11 front portions.
At the pars intermedia of guide 31, be provided with the operating room 54 of TBM, at an upper portion thereof, be provided with operation post 55 along the length direction of guide 31.In the front portion of this operation post 55, be provided with the annular girder installing rack 56 that is used to assemble annular girder B, and be provided with capital pin 57.
Below, the tunneling method that adopts above-mentioned present embodiment tunnel boring machine is described.
Drive support boots hydraulic cylinder 38,39 earlier, make the drive rod elongation, each back brace boots 42,43 is crimped on the tunnel internal face, and guide 31 is remained in the tunnel movably.In addition, drive support hydraulic cylinder 34, make 33 withdrawals of 2 spikes, make its leading section leave the tunnel internal face, remove of the supporting of tunnel inwall guide 31.Under this state, drive cutter driving motor 29, by driven wheel 30 and gear ring 28 cutterhead 26 rotations are driven, simultaneously, drive (elongation) PF cylinder pressure 45, drill body 11 and cutterhead 26 are forwards advanced.Like this, the cutterhead 26 that rotation drives presses against on the basement rock in the place ahead, excavates by pulley type cutting knife 27.
When before drill body 11 and the cutterhead 26 and then formation tunnel, the railway roadbed T that is transported into by chassis C is assembled in the precalculated position by draw hook 52, drives (elongation) pushing hydraulic cylinder 53, seamlessly sets railway roadbed T.When PF cylinder pressure 45 is elongated to full stroke, stop the driving of this PF cylinder pressure 45.Drive support hydraulic cylinder 34 then, extend 2 spikes 33, with its leading section contact tunnel internal face, by the rear portion of tunnel inwall supporting guide 31.On the other hand, drive support boots hydraulic cylinder 38,39, make the drive rod withdrawal, each back brace boots 42,43 are left from the tunnel internal face, remove of the maintenance of tunnel inwall guide 31.Under this state, drive (withdrawal) PF cylinder pressure 45, with respect to drill body 11 (cutterhead 26) each back brace boots 42,43 that further, its past the place ahead is moved.
Then, drive support boots hydraulic cylinder 38,39 again, each back brace boots 42,43 is crimped on the tunnel internal face, keeping guide 31 movably, and, drive support hydraulic cylinder 34, make 2 spikes 33 leave the tunnel internal face, remove supporting to guide 31.Under this state, with similarly above-mentioned, drive cutter driving motor 29, cutterhead 26 rotations are driven, simultaneously, drive PF cylinder pressure 45, cutterhead is pressed against on the basement rock in the place ahead, excavate by pulley type cutting knife 27 and form the tunnel.
Excavate in this wise when forming the tunnel, because of maintenance, replacing cutting knife, the failure and other reasons of device, interrupt for a long time excavating sometimes, or because of making day off TBM stop 2～3 days.Therefore, basement rock expands sometimes, and the internal diameter in the tunnel that excavates with TBM can diminish, and this exapnsion masterpiece is used in the outer peripheral face of drill body 11, and TBM can not be advanced.In this case, by dwindling the external diameter of drill body 11, begin digging operation again after making the outer peripheral face of drill body 11 and tunnel internal face mutually noninterfere.
That is, drive each side prop hydraulic cylinder 18,19,20,21, the withdrawal piston rod, making side prop 13,14 is that fulcrum inwardly rotates the side with its connecting portion with following prop 15.In addition, drive top prop hydraulic cylinder 25, the withdrawal piston rod inwardly moves the side supporting body 12a of top prop 12.At this moment, inwardly the side is mobile on one side to side prop 13,14 side shiftings on one side for each prop connecting portion 12b, 12c of top prop 12, to absorb dwindling of (producing with drill body 11 reduced diameter) outer perimeter.Like this, inwardly move the side, can dwindle the external diameter of drill body 11 by making top prop 12 and side prop 13,14.
By making the reduced diameter of drill body 11, when drill body 11 and tunnel internal face are noiseless, as mentioned above, drive cutter driving motor 29, cutterhead 26 rotations are driven, simultaneously, drive PF cylinder pressure 45, cutterhead 26 is pressed against on the basement rock in the place ahead, excavate by pulley type cutting knife 27.When drill body 11 advances to certain degree, drive each prop hydraulic cylinder 18,19,20,21,25, extend its piston rod respectively, side prop 13,14 and top prop 12 are moved to foreign side, enlarge the external diameter of drill body 11, get back to original external diameter.
Above-mentioned repeatedly operation, with tunnelling to Len req.
In the above-described embodiments, be to constitute drill body 11 by the top prop 12 that is divided into 4 along Zhou Fangxiang, side prop 13,14 and following prop 15, but this cut apart the number be not limited to 4, also can be 2, also can be more than 5.In addition, following prop 15 also can be made movably structure.
Tunnel excavator of the present invention according to above illustrated embodiment example detailed description, because the anterior tubular drill body 11 that rotatable driving cutterhead is installed is to be made of several props of cutting apart along Zhou Fangxiang, and these props are radially moved and can enlarge and dwindle the external diameter of this drill body by prop travel mechanism, so, stop using tunnel excavator when for a long time, when the tunnel internal diameter diminishes because of the expansion of basement rock, by prop travel mechanism several props direction in this drill body that constitutes drill body is moved, make between tunnel internal face and the drill body outer peripheral face and do not disturb, drill body is advanced, need not the operator and use hand digging, alleviated operator's burden, also reduce the break period of excavating, can improve the efficient of digging operation.
According to tunneling method of the present invention, by driving rotation on one side fore cutterhead is installed, the tubular drill body of cutting apart along Zhou Fangxiang is advanced on one side, the basement rock that can excavate the place ahead forms the tunnel, when the expansion because of the excavation basement rock diminishes the tunnel external diameter that is formed on the drill body periphery, excavate again after making the reduced diameter of tubular drill body, so, can reduce the break period of excavating, improve the efficient of digging operation.
Claims (3)
1. tunnel excavator is characterized in that having: the tubular drill body that is made of the prop that is divided into several along Zhou Fangxiang; By making above-mentioned several props make the external diameter expansion of drill body and the prop travel mechanism that dwindles along moving radially of drill body; Be installed in the cutterhead of the driven rotation of drill body front portion; Be provided in a pair of rear portion prop at drill body rear; Make this a pair of rear portion prop be crimped on the rear portion prop compression joint mechanism that excavates on the tunnel internal face; Be erected at several propulsive mechanisms between drill body and the rear portion prop.
2. tunnel excavator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned tubular drill body can be formed by connecting at the prop that moves radially independently of one another by superposed top prop, an offside prop that is positioned at sidepiece, such 4 of the following prop that is positioned at the bottom, above-mentioned prop travel mechanism is erected between the cutterhead support of above-mentioned each prop and central part, has the hydraulic cylinder that above-mentioned each prop is being moved radially individually.
3. tunneling method, make on one side fore cutter plate driver rotation is installed, the tubular drill body that is divided into several portions along Zhou Fangxiang is advanced, excavate the basement rock in the place ahead and form the tunnel, it is characterized in that, cause when expanding when internal diameter in the tunnel that the drill body periphery forms diminishes, excavate again after dwindling the external diameter of above-mentioned tubular drill body because of the basement rock that excavated.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17455895A JPH0925789A (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1995-07-11 | Tunnel excavator and tunnel excavating method |
| JP174558/1995 | 1995-07-11 | ||
| JP174558/95 | 1995-07-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1140790A true CN1140790A (en) | 1997-01-22 |
| CN1059729C CN1059729C (en) | 2000-12-20 |
Family
ID=15980663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96110624A Expired - Fee Related CN1059729C (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1996-07-10 | Tunneler and tunnel excavating method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0925789A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1059729C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102777176A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-14 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 | Propelling device of heading machine and full-section heading machine |
| CN103850685A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-06-11 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Heading machine applicable to drill vertical well through pioneer well |
| CN114293999A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 | Method for calculating outer inserting angle of expansive mudstone cutter head scraper |
| CN115038853A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-09-09 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Tunnel excavating device |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102953734B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2015-02-04 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Adjustable stepping special-shaped tunneling machine with earth and rock separation function |
| JP6399577B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2018-10-03 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Tunnel excavator and tunnel excavation method |
| CN112682054B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-08-23 | 重庆文理学院 | Excavating equipment for TBM construction monitoring and surveying method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE945936C (en) * | 1952-09-24 | 1956-07-19 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of an electrical insulating material |
| CN1005494B (en) * | 1985-06-12 | 1989-10-18 | 大丰建设株式会社 | Shield tunnel excavator |
| CN1070980A (en) * | 1992-09-19 | 1993-04-14 | 许宝根 | Self-propelling circle face shield structure body |
| CN2177805Y (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1994-09-21 | 潞安矿务局 | Mating support for use front drifting working face |
-
1995
- 1995-07-11 JP JP17455895A patent/JPH0925789A/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-07-10 CN CN96110624A patent/CN1059729C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102777176A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-14 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 | Propelling device of heading machine and full-section heading machine |
| CN102777176B (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-09-17 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 | Propelling device of heading machine and full-section heading machine |
| CN103850685A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-06-11 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Heading machine applicable to drill vertical well through pioneer well |
| CN103850685B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-06-15 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | A kind of be applicable to having lead the development machine that well creeps into vertical shaft |
| CN115038853A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-09-09 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Tunnel excavating device |
| CN114293999A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 | Method for calculating outer inserting angle of expansive mudstone cutter head scraper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1059729C (en) | 2000-12-20 |
| JPH0925789A (en) | 1997-01-28 |
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