CN114076196A - Bionic oil seal for motor - Google Patents
Bionic oil seal for motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114076196A CN114076196A CN202010848225.8A CN202010848225A CN114076196A CN 114076196 A CN114076196 A CN 114076196A CN 202010848225 A CN202010848225 A CN 202010848225A CN 114076196 A CN114076196 A CN 114076196A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- oil seal
- bionic
- metal framework
- motor
- connecting plate
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002061 nanopillar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283966 Pholidota <mammal> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010148 water-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3248—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a bionic oil seal for a motor, wherein the oil seal can comprise: the metal framework sets up the rubber body in the metal framework outside sets up the inboard inner rubber pad of metal framework sets up the connecting plate of inner rubber pad lower extreme, the connecting plate with metal framework connects, and sets up the rubber layer of the one end of connecting plate, there is the oil blanket spring groove upper end on rubber layer, wherein be provided with the non-smooth bionical surface annularly on the oil blanket cover of rubber layer and motor shaft, bionical surface can distribute a plurality of pit type structures and/or ridge type structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a bionic oil seal applicable to a motor.
Background
The oil seal is a sealing part with multiple application occasions and large market demand, and is an element for sealing media. Taking a permanent magnet synchronous motor commonly used in a new energy automobile as an example, the permanent magnet synchronous motor isolates parts needing lubrication in a transmission part from the external environment, so that medium leakage is avoided, and the functions of preventing medium leakage inwards and isolating sand from entering outwards are achieved. The sealing function is mainly embodied in two aspects: firstly, when the motor is static, the interference fit of the main lip of the oil seal and the shaft forms static seal; and secondly, when the motor rotates, a layer of lubricating oil film is formed between the main lip of the oil seal and the motor shaft, so that leakage is prevented, and a lubricating effect is achieved between the shaft and the oil seal to form dynamic seal.
The traditional motor oil seal and the shaft move relatively to generate a large amount of heat to accelerate the abrasion and the aging of a contact part of the oil seal, and impurities enter the oil seal to further aggravate the abrasion failure of the contact surface of the oil seal. Therefore, the design of the high-temperature resistant, wear resistant and corrosion resistant oil seal has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
A bionic non-smooth surface technology is a research direction of bionics, under the condition that a suitable person lives in a competitive race, a plurality of animals and plants have developed non-smooth surfaces, and the bionic non-smooth surface technology has good wear resistance, lubricity and drag reduction performance, such as the wear resistance and the drag reduction performance of a non-smooth ridge type structure on the body surface of pangolin, the detachment performance of a pit and convex hull surface of the head of a dung beetle, the lubricity of the surface of an earthworm and the like. The bionic non-smooth technology is applied to the motor oil seal structure, so that the motor oil seal structure has good wear resistance and lubricity, and the service life and the safety of the whole sealing system are improved.
The invention aims to provide a bionic oil seal structure for a motor based on a bionic non-smooth surface mechanism, which can effectively improve the wear resistance, lubricity and corrosion resistance of an oil seal and reduce the damage of related parts caused by the failure of the oil seal.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil seal for a motor, wherein the oil seal may include: the metal framework is arranged on the rubber body outside the metal framework, the inner rubber pad inside the metal framework is arranged on the connecting plate at the lower end of the inner rubber pad, the connecting plate is connected with the metal framework and arranged on the rubber layer at one end of the connecting plate, an oil seal spring groove is formed in the upper end of the rubber layer, and a non-smooth bionic surface is annularly arranged on the rubber layer and an oil seal surface of a motor shaft.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the biomimetic surface is distributed with a plurality of dimple-type structures.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the plurality of pit-type structures are arranged in a V-shape.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the biomimetic surface is distributed with a plurality of ridge-type structures.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, each of the plurality of ribbed structures has a central convex profile, the curve of which is represented by:
f(x)=a1sin(a2x)
wherein: a is1Has a value in the range of 2.35 to 3.15, a2The value range of (A) is 0.72-1.57, and the value range of x is 0-10 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the biomimetic surface is coated with a coating having a microsphere nanostructure, the coating comprising a plurality of microsphere structures, and a plurality of nano-pillars are further formed on each microsphere structure.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the coating is MoS2And (4) coating.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the sphere diameter of the microsphere structure is 400-600 μm, the column height of the nano structure is 70-110 μm, and the diameter is 400-700 nm.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of bionic convex hulls are arranged on the outer sealing surface of the rubber body.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the convex hulls are evenly distributed.
Compared with the scheme in the prior art, the bionic oil seal provided by the invention at least has the following advantages:
(1) the concave structure on the contact bionic surface of the oil seal and the rotating shaft can store lubricating oil, the contact surface can be ensured to be well lubricated when the rotating shaft rotates to work, and the concave structure increases the storage space of the lubricating oil, so that the effect is more durable;
(2) the bionic surface ridge-shaped structure of the contact between the oil seal and the rotating shaft can reduce the frictional resistance of the contact surface and improve the wear resistance;
(3) the ridge-type and pit-type structures can push impurities between contact surfaces into the pits in the rotating process of the rotating shaft, so that abrasive wear of the contact surfaces is reduced; and
(4) the micro-nano structure on the bionic surface can increase the surface free energy and form the characteristics of hydrophily and lyophobic, and when the working environment of the motor is severe, the direct contact between an oil seal and external slurry can be avoided, and an air film layer is formed, so that the purpose of corrosion resistance is achieved.
These and other features and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description and upon reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are explanatory only and are not restrictive of aspects as claimed.
Drawings
So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of this invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic oil seal according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of a ribbed structure according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a micro-nano structure of a biomimetic surface according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partial expanded view of an outer sealing surface according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, and the features of the present invention will be further apparent from the following detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomimetic oil seal according to the present invention. Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a bionic oil seal applicable to a motor, wherein the oil seal may include a metal framework 1, a rubber body 2 is arranged outside the metal framework 1, and an inner rubber pad 3 is arranged inside the metal framework 1. The lower end of the inner rubber pad 3 is provided with a connecting plate 4, the connecting plate 4 is connected with the metal framework 1, and one end of the connecting plate 4 is provided with a rubber layer 5. An oil seal spring groove 6 is arranged at the upper end of the rubber layer 5, and an oil seal spring 7 is fixed in the oil seal spring groove 6.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the rubber layer 5 and the oil cover 8 of the motor shaft may be annularly provided with a bionic surface. As an example, the bionic surface can adopt a non-smooth bionic surface technology, and the contact part of the bionic surface and the rotating shaft can have the effects of reducing resistance, resisting abrasion and providing good lubrication. Figure 2 is an enlarged view at a in figure 1, in which the structure of the biomimetic surface is more clearly shown. As shown in fig. 2, the biomimetic surface may have a plurality of substantially parallel ribbed structures 10 distributed thereon, dividing the biomimetic surface into a plurality of horizontal swathe regions. In each strip region, a plurality of pit-type structures 9 are also distributed. As one non-limiting example, the spacing between adjacent rib-type structures 10 may be 5 mm.
The pit-type structure 9 can increase the storage space of the lubricating oil, thereby being beneficial to storing the lubricating oil, ensuring that the contact surface can be well lubricated when the rotating shaft rotates to work, and ensuring that the effect is more durable. As an example, the plurality of dimple-type structures 9 in each stripe region may be arranged in a V-shape, wherein each dimple-type structure 9 has a diameter of 2mm, a horizontal pitch between adjacent dimple-type structures 9 is 10mm, and a vertical pitch is 1 mm.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the ribbed structure 10. As shown in fig. 3, the ribbed structure 10 is convex in the middle. As a non-limiting example, the profile curve of the ribbed structure 10 may be represented by the following mathematical formula:
f(x)=a1sin(a2x)
wherein: a is1Has a value in the range of 2.35 to 3.15, a2The value range of (A) is 0.72-1.57, and the value range of x is 0-10 mm. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the profile curve of the ribbed structure 10 may also be a curve represented by other mathematical formulas, such as a parabolic formula. The bionic surface ridge-shaped structure can reduce the frictional resistance of the contact surface and improve the wear resistance.
Further, as described above, the dimple-type structure and the ridge-type structure are based on different bionics characteristics, respectively, and thus, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that, although the oil seal surface in the above example preferably has both the dimple-type structure and the ridge-type structure, the oil seal surface may employ only the dimple-type structure or only the ridge-type structure, and still achieve respective partial effects. In addition, the invention is not limited to the use of a bionic surface having a pit-type structure and/or a ridge-type structure, and other non-smooth bionic surfaces capable of providing effects of resistance reduction, wear resistance, good lubrication and the like can also be used.
The biomimetic surface may be coated with an anti-corrosion coating. As a non-limiting example, the corrosion-resistant coating may be molybdenum disulfide (MoS)2) The coating can be uniformly distributed on the bionic surface by a high-pressure spraying method. Fig. 4 shows micro-nano structure of the bionic surface. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of MoS can be formed on the bionic surface2The microsphere structures 13 are formed, and each microsphere structure 13 is also formed with a plurality of nano-pillars 14. As an example, the sphere diameter of the microsphere structure 13 is 400-600 μm, the column height of the nano structure 14 is 70-110 μm, and the diameter is 400-700 nm. This structure can be obtained by photolithography or chemical synthesis. The micro-nano structure on the bionic surface has the advantages that the surface free energy can be increased, the characteristic of being hydrophilic and lyophobic is formed, when the working environment of the motor is severe, direct contact between an oil seal and external slurry can be avoided, and an air film layer is formed, so that the purpose of corrosion resistance is achieved.
Returning to fig. 1, the outer sealing surface 11 of the rubber body 2 is provided with a plurality of bionic convex hulls 12, and the bionic convex hulls 12 are connected with the contact surface of the end cover. The bionic convex hull structure can enable the oil seal to be contacted with the installation shell more closely, and the whole structure is more stable and wear-resistant. As an example, the convex hull 12 is 2mm in diameter and 1mm in height. Fig. 5 is a partial developed view of the outer sealing surface 11. In the convex hull distribution example shown in fig. 5, the convex hulls 12 are evenly distributed, for example, the convex hulls 12 may be arranged at equal intervals, both horizontally and vertically, of 10 mm. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other distribution patterns may be used for the convex hull.
As a non-limiting example, when the oil seal is assembled, the diameter of an assembling shaft is phi 55mm, the diameter of an assembling hole is phi 80mm, the inner diameter of a lip opening of the oil seal is set to be phi 54 +/-0.3 mm, and the diameter from the outermost side to the center of a convex hull of the outer sealing ring is phi 80(+0.35, +0.2) mm.
It should be noted that all the specific dimensions, materials and structures mentioned above are only examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and the design matching with the motor to which the oil seal is applied may be performed according to actual needs. Although the bionic oil seal applicable to the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the new energy automobile is described by taking the permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example, the bionic oil seal is not only applicable to the permanent magnet synchronous motor, but also applicable to the new energy automobile. The bionic oil seal has the advantages of wear resistance, lubrication, corrosion resistance and the like, which are brought by the structure of the bionic oil seal, so that the bionic oil seal can bring corresponding technical effects no matter what occasions are applied.
What has been described above includes examples of aspects of the claimed subject matter. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the claimed subject matter, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the claimed subject matter are possible. Accordingly, the disclosed subject matter is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An oil seal for an electric machine, the oil seal comprising:
a metal framework (1),
a rubber body (2) arranged outside the metal framework (1),
an inner rubber pad (3) arranged at the inner side of the metal framework (1),
a connecting plate (4) arranged at the lower end of the inner rubber pad (3), the connecting plate (4) is connected with the metal framework (1), and
the motor is characterized in that the motor is provided with a connecting plate (4), a rubber layer (5) is arranged at one end of the connecting plate (4), an oil seal spring groove (6) is formed in the upper end of the rubber layer (5), and a non-smooth bionic surface is annularly arranged on the rubber layer (5) and an oil seal surface of a motor shaft.
2. An oil seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the biomimetic surface is distributed with a plurality of dimple-type structures (9).
3. An oil seal according to claim 2, characterized in that the plurality of dimple-type structures (9) are arranged in a V-shape.
4. An oil seal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the biomimetic surface is distributed with a plurality of ribbed structures (10).
5. An oil seal as defined in claim 4, characterized in that each of said plurality of ribbed structures (10) has a central convex profile, the curve of which is represented by:
f(x)=a1sin(a2x)
wherein: a is1Has a value in the range of 2.35 to 3.15, a2The value range of (A) is 0.72-1.57, and the value range of x is 0-10 mm.
6. The oil seal according to claim 1, wherein the biomimetic surface is coated with a coating having a microsphere nanostructure, the coating comprising a plurality of microsphere structures (13), and a plurality of nanopillars (14) are further formed on each microsphere structure (13).
7. An oil seal as defined in claim 6, wherein the coating is MoS2And (4) coating.
8. The oil seal according to claim 6, wherein the sphere diameter of the microsphere structure (13) is 400-600 μm, the column height of the nano structure (14) is 70-110 μm, and the diameter is 400-700 nm.
9. An oil seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sealing surface (11) of the rubber body (2) is provided with a plurality of bionic convex hulls (12).
10. An oil seal as defined in claim 9, characterized in that the convex hulls (12) are evenly distributed.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202010848225.8A CN114076196A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Bionic oil seal for motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN202010848225.8A CN114076196A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Bionic oil seal for motor |
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CN114076196A true CN114076196A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
Family
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CN202010848225.8A Pending CN114076196A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Bionic oil seal for motor |
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0634054A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-02-08 | Koyo Shikagoroohaido Kk | Oil seal |
US20050025894A1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-02-03 | Luquan Ren | Method of improving the wear resistance performance of mechanical component |
US20070119042A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-05-31 | General Electric Company | Fixture and inspection method for an annular seal |
CN101704410A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 上海交通大学 | Nano superhydrophobic surface used for airplane antifreezing and deicing and preparation method thereof |
CN202812211U (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-03-20 | 十堰东森汽车密封件有限公司 | Oil seal used by rotating shaft of heavy duty vehicle |
CN208331254U (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-01-04 | 宁国市瑞普密封件有限公司 | A kind of Novel gear box electric engine oil seal |
CN111115548A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-05-08 | 广东工业大学 | Mushroom-shaped super-hydrophobic-super-oleophobic PDMS micro-nano composite array and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-21 CN CN202010848225.8A patent/CN114076196A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0634054A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1994-02-08 | Koyo Shikagoroohaido Kk | Oil seal |
US20050025894A1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-02-03 | Luquan Ren | Method of improving the wear resistance performance of mechanical component |
US20070119042A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-05-31 | General Electric Company | Fixture and inspection method for an annular seal |
CN101704410A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-05-12 | 上海交通大学 | Nano superhydrophobic surface used for airplane antifreezing and deicing and preparation method thereof |
CN202812211U (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-03-20 | 十堰东森汽车密封件有限公司 | Oil seal used by rotating shaft of heavy duty vehicle |
CN208331254U (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-01-04 | 宁国市瑞普密封件有限公司 | A kind of Novel gear box electric engine oil seal |
CN111115548A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-05-08 | 广东工业大学 | Mushroom-shaped super-hydrophobic-super-oleophobic PDMS micro-nano composite array and preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
顾强;陈英;陈东;张泽霆;李小江;刘皓然;: "金属超疏水表面的制备及应用研究进展", 材料保护, no. 09, 15 September 2018 (2018-09-15), pages 107 - 114 * |
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