CN114074016A - Drying and crushing method of plant materials and processing system thereof - Google Patents

Drying and crushing method of plant materials and processing system thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114074016A
CN114074016A CN202111319418.5A CN202111319418A CN114074016A CN 114074016 A CN114074016 A CN 114074016A CN 202111319418 A CN202111319418 A CN 202111319418A CN 114074016 A CN114074016 A CN 114074016A
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China
Prior art keywords
drying
coarse powder
cooling
movable pipe
plant
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CN202111319418.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114074016B (en
Inventor
张波
景奉国
孙宁波
孙凤民
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Shandong Jingerui Machinery Co ltd
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Shandong Jingerui Machinery Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/12—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices
    • F26B11/16—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices the stirring device moving in a vertical or steeply-inclined plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
    • F26B23/06—Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/08—Granular materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machinery, and provides a drying and crushing method of plant materials and a processing system thereof, wherein the drying and crushing method of the plant materials comprises the following steps: s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm; s3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1; s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder. Through the operation method of firstly carrying out coarse powder processing on the plant raw material, then drying and finally carrying out fine powder processing, the problem that in the prior art, when the plant raw material is firstly carried out coarse powder processing and fine powder processing and then is dried, the adhesion of the crushed materials is caused due to the large water content of the materials, and the problem that more dust is generated when the plant raw material is dried after the fine powder processing is effectively solved.

Description

Drying and crushing method of plant materials and processing system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing machinery, in particular to a drying and crushing method of plant materials and a processing system thereof.
Background
The plant raw materials are needed to be crushed and dried in the process of deep processing of the plant raw materials. In the prior art, the operation method for crushing and drying plant raw materials is as follows: firstly, coarse powder and fine powder are processed on plant raw materials, and the plant raw materials processed by the fine powder processing procedure are dried, so that the crushing and drying operation of the plant raw materials is realized. However, the plant raw material processed by the fine powder has a large material water content, so that the crushed materials are adhered together due to the direct fine powder processing with the large material water content, and the problem of screen bottom blockage is caused. In addition, in the prior art, the materials after fine powder processing can generate more dust in a production workshop in the drying process, and the health of operating personnel is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that the adhesion of the crushed materials is caused by the large water content of the materials after the fine powder processing of the plant raw materials in the prior art and the generation of much dust is caused by drying after the fine powder processing. Thereby providing a drying and crushing method of plant materials, comprising the following steps:
s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm;
s3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1;
s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder.
Optionally, the following steps are further included between step S1 and step S3:
s2, the coarse powder particles molded in the step S1 are subjected to a cooling operation.
Optionally, in step S3, the method further includes:
drying the coarse powder particles by a material dryer; the temperature at the location of the exhaust of the material dryer is measured to detect the moisture content of the coarse particles.
Optionally, when the temperature of the exhaust port of the material dryer is 60 to 120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is in a qualified state;
and when the temperature of an air outlet of the material dryer is less than 60-120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is unqualified.
Optionally, the drying and crushing processing system of the plant material of the drying and crushing method comprises the following components in sequence:
a coarse grinding device for performing coarse grinding processing on the plant raw material;
the material dryer is used for drying the coarse powder particles;
and the fine powder equipment is used for processing fine powder of the plant raw materials.
Optionally, a cooling device is further disposed between the material dryer and the fine powder device, and the cooling device and the fine powder device are respectively connected to the material dryer and the fine powder device.
Optionally, the cooling apparatus includes:
the step cooling mechanism comprises a first cooling pipeline, a second cooling pipeline, a movable pipe and a communicating hose; the communication hose is arranged between the cooling equipment feed hopper and the first cooling pipeline and is connected with the first cooling pipeline and the movable pipe;
the storage bin is communicated with the stepped cooling mechanism;
the movable pipe is provided with a communication state communicated with the second cooling pipeline and a disconnection state directly communicated with the storage bin; the driving mechanism is used for driving the movable pipe to switch between a connection state and a disconnection state;
the temperature detection mechanism is arranged at the connecting position of the first cooling pipeline and the movable pipe and is used for detecting the temperature of coarse powder particles passing through the first cooling pipeline;
and the control mechanism receives the temperature information of the temperature detection mechanism and controls the driving mechanism to act.
Optionally, the driving mechanism is a telescopic push rod mounted on the outer shell of the cooling device, and the telescopic push rod is fixedly connected with a movable pipe connecting flange at the end of the movable pipe so as to drive the movable pipe to switch between a connected state and a disconnected state;
and a pipeline connecting flange is arranged at one end of the second cooling pipeline, which faces the movable pipe, and the movable pipe connecting flange and the pipeline connecting flange are magnetic elements which are mutually attracted.
Optionally, the temperature detection mechanism includes: the heat conductor is arranged on the inner cavity wall at the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the heat conductor.
Optionally, the material dryer includes: the feeding mechanism, the drying cylinder and the discharging mechanism are connected in sequence;
the drying cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially sleeved, a material transmission device is arranged in a cavity of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is communicated with a heating device; the feeding mechanism penetrates through the outer cylinder and is arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder;
the heating device is a hot blast stove arranged on one side of the outer cylinder close to the feeding mechanism, and the hot blast stove is communicated with an annular cavity formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder;
the wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a ventilation device which prevents materials in the inner cylinder from passing through and only allows air to pass through; the air breather is arranged adjacent to the heating device and is positioned on one side of the heating device close to the discharging mechanism.
Optionally, the ventilating device is a ventilating grid arranged on the surface of the inner barrel, and/or the ventilating device is densely arranged ventilating holes arranged on the surface of the inner barrel;
the ventilating device is communicated with a bent neck chimney, and the bent neck chimney penetrates through the outer barrel and is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
Optionally, a stirring shaft for stirring and conveying materials is further arranged in the inner cylinder, and the stirring shaft is arranged below the central axis of the inner cylinder;
the ventilating device is arranged at the top of the inner barrel, a water guide cavity is further arranged on one side of the ventilating device, which faces the stirring shaft, the water guide cavity is provided with an air inlet and a water outlet, and a bottom plate of the water guide cavity is obliquely arranged towards the water outlet; and one end of the bottom plate of the water guide cavity, which faces the air inlet, is also provided with a bent edge for preventing materials from splashing into the water guide cavity.
Optionally, a resistance heating element is arranged on the outer cavity wall of the inner cylinder, and the resistance heating element is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder close to the discharging mechanism;
the resistance heating element is a resistance wire connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the heating temperature of the resistance heating element.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a method for drying and crushing plant materials, which comprises the following steps: s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm; s3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1; s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder.
In the invention, the plant raw materials are subjected to coarse powder processing, then dried and finally subjected to fine powder processing. Compared with the prior art, the mode has the following advantages that the coarse powder processing, the fine powder processing and the drying processing are sequentially carried out: 1. the problem of its material water content of plant material after avoiding the fine powder processing among the prior art is great, leads to because the big direct fine powder processing of material water content can lead to the material after smashing to glue together and then cause the sieve end to block up is avoided. In the invention, the dried material is sent to the fine powder processing station, so that the water content of the material can be effectively reduced, and the material is prevented from being sticky. 2. The problem that in the prior art, more dust is generated in a production workshop in the drying process of materials processed by fine powder, so that the health of operating personnel is influenced is solved. In the invention, the coarse powder material has larger particles, and is not easy to generate more dust, thereby ensuring a good working environment.
2. The drying and crushing method of the plant material provided by the invention also comprises the following steps between the step S1 and the step S3: s2, the coarse powder particles molded in the step S1 are subjected to a cooling operation.
In the present invention, the above-mentioned plant material drying and pulverizing method can effectively cool the material after the coarse powder processing by adding the coarse powder particle cooling processing step between the coarse powder processing and the material drying processing. Thereby avoiding the problem that the coarse powder particles in a high-temperature state can crack.
3. The method for drying and pulverizing plant materials provided by the invention further comprises the following steps in step S3: drying the coarse powder particles by a material dryer; the temperature at the location of the exhaust of the material dryer is measured to detect the moisture content of the coarse particles.
The temperature sensor is arranged at the position of the exhaust port of the material dryer, so that the actual drying temperature in the material dryer can be effectively calculated through the temperature sensor, and the humidity range of the dried coarse powder particles can be further converted. Mode through above-mentioned temperature sensor calculates middlings granule humidity compares and directly sets up humidity transducer in material drying-machine among the prior art, has solved among the prior art because the high temperature environment in the material drying-machine requires highly and the unchangeable problem of installation maintenance to humidity transducer down.
4. The invention provides a plant material drying, crushing and processing system, which comprises the following components in sequence: a coarse grinding device for performing coarse grinding processing on the plant raw material; the material dryer is used for drying the coarse powder particles; and the fine powder equipment is used for processing fine powder of the plant raw materials. The plant material drying and crushing processing system provided by the invention adopts a plant material drying and crushing method, so that the plant material drying and crushing processing system has all the advantages of the plant material drying and crushing method.
5. The invention provides a plant material drying and crushing processing system, wherein cooling equipment comprises: the step cooling mechanism comprises a first cooling pipeline, a second cooling pipeline, a movable pipe and a communicating hose; the communication hose is arranged between the cooling equipment feed hopper and the first cooling pipeline and is connected with the first cooling pipeline and the movable pipe; the storage bin is communicated with the stepped cooling mechanism; the movable pipe is provided with a communication state communicated with the second cooling pipeline and a disconnection state directly communicated with the storage bin; the driving mechanism is used for driving the movable pipe to switch between a connection state and a disconnection state; the temperature detection mechanism is arranged at the connecting position of the first cooling pipeline and the movable pipe and is used for detecting the temperature of coarse powder particles passing through the first cooling pipeline; and the control mechanism receives the temperature information of the temperature detection mechanism and controls the driving mechanism to act.
Can detect the coarse powder particle temperature through first cooling pipeline effectively through above-mentioned temperature-detecting mechanism to through the position of control mechanism control movable pipe, and then select whether the material gets into the storage silo again through second cooling pipeline. The cooling equipment can effectively control the material to flow through the channel in the cooling equipment, so that the cooling effect of the material is ensured. Moreover, the operation mode can also enable the second cooling pipeline to be always in the open state, so that when the same batch of materials pass through the cooling equipment, the cooling equipment can quickly convert the flowing channel of the materials, and the problem that the temperatures of the same batch of plant materials are inconsistent is solved.
6. According to the drying, crushing and processing system for the plant materials, the driving mechanism is a telescopic push rod arranged on the outer shell of the cooling equipment, and the telescopic push rod is fixedly connected with the movable pipe connecting flange at the end part of the movable pipe so as to drive the movable pipe to be switched between a connection state and a disconnection state; and a pipeline connecting flange is arranged at one end of the second cooling pipeline, which faces the movable pipe, and the movable pipe connecting flange and the pipeline connecting flange are magnetic elements which are mutually attracted.
The telescopic push rod can simply and effectively drive the movable pipe to be switched between a connection state and a disconnection state. And the extension position and the retraction position of the telescopic push rod respectively correspond to the connection state and the disconnection state of the movable pipe, so that the movable pipe can be effectively ensured to move to the preset position. In addition, the movable pipe connecting flange and the pipeline connecting flange disc with magnetism can effectively ensure that the movable pipe and the second cooling pipeline are stably and reliably connected together, and no connecting gap exists between the movable pipe and the second cooling pipeline.
7. The invention provides a plant material drying and crushing processing system, wherein a temperature detection mechanism comprises: the heat conductor is arranged on the inner cavity wall at the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline, and the temperature sensor is connected with the heat conductor.
The heat conductor of the temperature detection mechanism is arranged at the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline, so that the material temperature of the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline can be acquired in real time, and the detection precision of the temperature detection mechanism is effectively improved.
8. The invention provides a drying and crushing processing system of plant materials, comprising: the feeding mechanism, the drying cylinder and the discharging mechanism are connected in sequence; the drying cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially sleeved, a material transmission device is arranged in a cavity of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is communicated with a heating device; the feeding mechanism penetrates through the outer cylinder and is arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder; the heating device is a hot blast stove arranged on one side of the outer cylinder close to the feeding mechanism, and the hot blast stove is communicated with an annular cavity formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a ventilation device which prevents materials in the inner cylinder from passing through and only allows air to pass through; the air breather is arranged adjacent to the heating device and is positioned on one side of the heating device close to the discharging mechanism.
In the invention, the heating device is arranged on one side of the outer barrel close to the feeding mechanism, so that a heat source of the heating device can be arranged at a feeding hole of the material dryer, the water content of the material is larger, the volume of the material is larger than that of the dried material, and the material is difficult to discharge from the ventilating device. More importantly, because the material water content is larger, the heating device can evaporate most of water in the material with higher power without worrying about the problem that the material is burnt by high temperature due to overhigh temperature of the heating device, and the drying efficiency of the drying and crushing processing system is improved. In addition, the ventilating device which is arranged adjacent to the heating device and is positioned on one side of the heating device close to the discharging mechanism is arranged, so that water vapor evaporated from the material can be diffused from the ventilating device as quickly as possible, and the problem that the water vapor is pre-cooled and re-liquefied and attached to the material is avoided. And because the material moves from the feeding mechanism to the discharging mechanism in the inner barrel, the ventilating device is positioned on one side of the heating device close to the discharging mechanism, so that the water vapor is further discharged.
9. According to the drying, crushing and processing system for the plant materials, the ventilating device is a ventilating grid arranged on the surface of the inner barrel, and/or the ventilating device is ventilating holes densely arranged on the surface of the inner barrel; the ventilating device is communicated with a bent neck chimney, and the bent neck chimney penetrates through the outer barrel and is communicated with the outside atmosphere. Water vapor can be effectively discharged through the above-described vent grill or the densely arranged vent holes.
10. According to the drying, crushing and processing system for the plant materials, provided by the invention, the inner cylinder is also internally provided with a stirring shaft for stirring and conveying the materials, and the stirring shaft is arranged below the central axis of the inner cylinder; the ventilating device is arranged at the top of the inner barrel, a water guide cavity is further arranged on one side of the ventilating device, which faces the stirring shaft, the water guide cavity is provided with an air inlet and a water outlet, and a bottom plate of the water guide cavity is obliquely arranged towards the water outlet; and one end of the bottom plate of the water guide cavity, which faces the air inlet, is also provided with a bent edge for preventing materials from splashing into the water guide cavity.
The water guiding chamber can effectively discharge water drops liquefied in the process of passing through the ventilation grating or the ventilation holes. And the bottom plate arranged obliquely has a water guide function, so that water flows into the water outlet and enters the water storage cavity. The bent edge can prevent materials from splashing into the water guide cavity and avoid blocking the water outlet. Simultaneously, thereby still keep away from the (mixing) shaft water guide chamber and further prevent that the material from splashing and get into the water guide chamber.
11. The invention provides a drying and crushing processing system of plant materials,
a resistance heating element is arranged on the wall of the outer cavity of the inner cylinder and is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder close to the discharging mechanism;
the resistance heating element is a resistance wire connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the heating temperature of the resistance heating element.
The resistance heating element has the advantages of uniform heating and accurate temperature control although the energy consumption is large. The resistance heating element is arranged in the invention to ensure that the rear section of the material dryer keeps a certain temperature to ensure that the steam which is not discharged is not liquefied and is newly attached to the material, so that the steam is always kept in a gasified state to be discharged from the exhaust port.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of processing devices of a plant material drying and pulverizing processing system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling apparatus provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the material dryer, the cooling device and the fine powder device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a material dryer according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure and the arrangement position of the water guide chamber provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-material dryer; 2-an exhaust port; 3-a meal preparation device; 4-fine powder equipment; 5-a cooling device; 6-a step cooling mechanism; 7-a first cooling circuit; 8-a second cooling circuit; 9-a communication hose; 10-a movable tube; 11-cooling equipment feed hopper; 12-a storage bin; 13-a drive mechanism; 14-a temperature detection mechanism; 15-a feeding mechanism; 16-drying cylinder; 17-a discharge mechanism; 18-an inner cylinder; 19-outer cylinder; 20-a heating device; 21-a venting device; 22-bent neck chimney; 23-stirring shaft; 24-a water guide cavity; 25-an air inlet; 26-drainage port.
Example 1
A drying and crushing method of plant materials comprises the following steps:
s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm;
s2, the coarse powder particles molded in the step S1 are subjected to a cooling operation.
S3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: drying the coarse powder particles by a material dryer 1; measuring the temperature at the position of an air outlet 2 of the material dryer 1 to detect the humidity of the coarse powder particles; in this embodiment, when the temperature of the exhaust port 2 of the material dryer 1 is 60 to 120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is in a qualified state; when the temperature of the exhaust port 2 of the material dryer 1 is lower than 60 ℃ to 120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is unqualified; compared with the mode that the humidity of the coarse powder particles is calculated by the temperature sensor in the prior art, the mode that the humidity of the coarse powder particles is calculated by the temperature sensor directly arranges the humidity sensor in the material dryer solves the problems that the requirement on the humidity sensor is high and the installation and maintenance are not changed in the high-temperature environment in the material dryer in the prior art;
s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder.
In the invention, the plant raw materials are subjected to coarse powder processing, then dried and finally subjected to fine powder processing. Compared with the prior art, the mode has the following advantages that the coarse powder processing, the fine powder processing and the drying processing are sequentially carried out: 1. the problem of its material water content of plant material after avoiding the fine powder processing among the prior art is great, leads to because the big direct fine powder processing of material water content can lead to the material after smashing to glue together and then cause the sieve end to block up is avoided. In the invention, the dried material is sent to the fine powder processing station, so that the water content of the material can be effectively reduced, and the material is prevented from being sticky. 2. The problem that in the prior art, more dust is generated in a production workshop in the drying process of materials processed by fine powder, so that the health of operating personnel is influenced is solved. In the invention, the coarse powder material has larger particles, and is not easy to generate more dust, thereby ensuring a good working environment. Moreover, the above plant material drying and pulverizing method can effectively cool the material after coarse powder processing by adding a coarse powder particle cooling processing step between the coarse powder processing and the material drying processing. Thereby avoiding the problem that the coarse powder particles in a high-temperature state can crack.
Of course, whether or not the step S2 is provided between the step S1 and the step S3 is not particularly limited in the present embodiment, and in other embodiments,
the drying and crushing method of the plant materials comprises the following steps: s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm; s3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1; s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder. Through drying the materials after coarse powder and then carrying out fine powder operation, the effects of preventing the crushed materials from being adhered together and reducing dust in a production workshop can be achieved.
Example 2
A drying and crushing processing system for plant materials is shown in figures 1 and 3 and comprises the following components which are connected in sequence:
a coarse powder device 3 for performing coarse powder processing on the plant raw material;
a material dryer 1 for performing a drying operation on coarse powder particles; in the present embodiment, the material dryer 1 shown in fig. 4 includes: a feeding mechanism 15, a drying cylinder 16 and a discharging mechanism 17 which are connected in sequence; the drying cylinder 16 comprises an inner cylinder 18 and an outer cylinder 19 which are coaxially sleeved, a material transmission device is arranged in a cavity of the inner cylinder 18, and the bottom of the outer cylinder 19 is communicated with a heating device 20; the feeding mechanism 15 penetrates through the outer cylinder 19 and is arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder 18; the heating device 20 is a hot blast stove arranged on one side of the outer cylinder 19 close to the feeding mechanism 15, and the hot blast stove is communicated with an annular cavity formed by the outer cylinder 19 and the inner cylinder 18; the wall of the inner cylinder 18 is provided with a ventilation device 21 which prevents the materials in the inner cylinder 18 from passing through and only allows air to pass through; the air breather 21 is arranged adjacent to the heating device 20, and the air breather 21 is positioned on one side of the heating device 20 close to the discharging mechanism 17; in addition, the ventilating device 21 is a ventilating grid arranged on the surface of the inner cylinder 18, the ventilating grid is communicated with a curved neck chimney 22, and the curved neck chimney 22 is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the outer cylinder 19;
the cooling equipment 5 is arranged between the material dryer 1 and the fine powder equipment 4 and is respectively connected with the material dryer and the fine powder equipment; as shown in fig. 2, the cooling apparatus 5 includes: the step cooling mechanism 6 comprises a first cooling pipeline 7, a second cooling pipeline 8, a movable pipe 10 and a communication hose 9; the communication hose 9 is arranged between a cooling equipment feed hopper 11 and the first cooling pipeline 7, and the communication hose 9 is connected with the first cooling pipeline 7 and the movable pipe 10; the storage bin 12 is communicated with the stepped cooling mechanism 6; a driving mechanism 13, wherein the movable pipe 10 has a communication state communicated with the second cooling pipeline 8 and a disconnection state directly communicated with the storage bin 12; the driving mechanism 13 is used for driving the movable tube 10 to switch between a connection state and a disconnection state; a temperature detection mechanism 14, which is arranged at the connecting position of the first cooling pipeline 7 and the movable pipe 10 and is used for detecting the temperature of the coarse powder particles passing through the first cooling pipeline 7; a control mechanism for receiving the temperature information of the temperature detection mechanism 14 and controlling the drive mechanism 13 to operate; in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 13 is a telescopic push rod installed on the outer shell of the cooling device, and the telescopic push rod is fixedly connected with a movable pipe connecting flange at the end of the movable pipe 10 to drive the movable pipe 10 to switch between a connected state and a disconnected state; a pipeline connecting flange is arranged at one end, facing the movable pipe 10, of the second cooling pipeline 8, and the movable pipe connecting flange and the pipeline connecting flange are mutually attracted magnetic elements; in the present embodiment, the temperature detection mechanism 14 includes: the heat conductor is arranged on the inner cavity wall at the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline 7, and the temperature sensor is connected with the heat conductor;
and the fine powder equipment 4 is used for processing fine powder of the plant raw materials.
In this embodiment, in order to effectively discharge the water droplets liquefied during the passage through the aeration grid, the water droplets are prevented from re-entering the material. As shown in fig. 5, the air breather 21 is arranged at the top of the inner barrel 18, a water guide cavity 24 is further arranged on the side of the air breather 21 facing the stirring shaft 23, the water guide cavity 24 is provided with an air inlet 25 and a water outlet 26, and the bottom plate of the water guide cavity 24 is obliquely arranged towards the water outlet 26; the end of the bottom plate of the water guide cavity 24 facing the air inlet 25 is also provided with a bent edge for preventing materials from splashing into the water guide cavity 24.
In this embodiment, in order to prevent the material from splashing into the water guide cavity, the water outlet is prevented from being blocked. A stirring shaft 23 for stirring and transporting the material is also provided in the inner barrel 18, the stirring shaft 23 being provided below the central axis of the inner barrel 18.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the temperature of the rear section of the material dryer is kept constant to ensure that the water vapor which is not discharged is not liquefied and is newly attached to the material, the water vapor is always kept in a gasified state so as to be discharged from the exhaust port. A resistance heating element is arranged on the wall of the outer cavity of the inner cylinder 18 and is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder 18 close to the discharging mechanism 17; the resistance heating element is a resistance wire connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the heating temperature of the resistance heating element.
Of course, the structure of the air venting device 21 is not limited in this embodiment, and in other embodiments, the air venting device 21 is a densely-arranged air venting hole disposed on the surface of the inner cylinder 18.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. The drying and crushing method of the plant materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, subjecting the plant material to a coarse powder process to form coarse powder particles having a diameter in the range of 6mm to 9 mm;
s3, drying the coarse powder particles in the step S1;
s4, the coarse powder particles dried in the step S3 are processed into fine powder.
2. The method for drying and pulverizing plant material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the following steps are also included between step S1 and step S3:
s2, the coarse powder particles molded in the step S1 are subjected to a cooling operation.
3. The method for drying and pulverizing plant material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the method further includes:
drying the coarse powder particles by a material dryer (1); the temperature of the exhaust (2) of the material dryer (1) is measured in order to detect the moisture of the coarse powder particles.
4. The method for drying and pulverizing plant material as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
when the temperature of an exhaust port (2) of the material dryer (1) is 60-120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is in a qualified state;
when the temperature of an air outlet (2) of the material dryer (1) is less than 60 ℃ to 120 ℃, the humidity of the coarse powder particles is unqualified.
5. A drying and crushing processing system for plant materials to which the drying and crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied, comprising, in succession:
a coarse powder device (3) for performing coarse powder processing on the plant raw material;
the material dryer (1) is used for drying coarse powder particles;
and the fine powder equipment (4) is used for processing fine powder of the plant raw materials.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises: the drying and crushing processing system of the plant material is applied to the drying and crushing method of the plant material according to any one of claims 2 to 4;
and a cooling device (5) respectively connected with the material dryer (1) and the fine powder device (4) is arranged between the material dryer and the fine powder device.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises: the cooling device (5) comprises:
the step cooling mechanism (6) comprises a first cooling pipeline (7), a second cooling pipeline (8), a movable pipe (10) and a communication hose (9); the communication hose (9) is arranged between a cooling equipment feed hopper (11) and the first cooling pipeline (7), and the communication hose (9) is connected with the first cooling pipeline (7) and the movable pipe (10);
the storage bin (12) is communicated with the stepped cooling mechanism (6);
a driving mechanism (13), wherein the movable pipe (10) has a communication state communicated with the second cooling pipeline (8) and a disconnection state directly communicated with the storage bin (12); the driving mechanism (13) is used for driving the movable pipe (10) to switch between a connection state and a disconnection state;
the temperature detection mechanism (14) is arranged at the connecting position of the first cooling pipeline (7) and the movable pipe (10) and is used for detecting the temperature of the coarse powder particles passing through the first cooling pipeline (7);
and the control mechanism receives the temperature information of the temperature detection mechanism (14) and controls the driving mechanism (13) to operate.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises:
the driving mechanism (13) is a telescopic push rod arranged on the outer shell of the cooling equipment, and the telescopic push rod is fixedly connected with a movable pipe connecting flange at the end part of the movable pipe (10) so as to drive the movable pipe (10) to be switched between a connection state and a disconnection state;
and a pipeline connecting flange is arranged at one end of the second cooling pipeline (8) facing the movable pipe (10), and the movable pipe connecting flange and the pipeline connecting flange are mutually attracted magnetic elements.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises: the temperature detection mechanism (14) includes: the heat conductor is arranged on the inner cavity wall at the outlet position of the first cooling pipeline (7), and the temperature sensor is connected with the heat conductor.
10. The system of claim 5, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises: the material dryer (1) comprises: a feeding mechanism (15), a drying cylinder (16) and a discharging mechanism (17) which are connected in sequence;
the drying drum (16) comprises an inner drum (18) and an outer drum (19) which are coaxially sleeved, a material transmission device is arranged in a cavity of the inner drum (18), and the bottom of the outer drum (19) is communicated with a heating device (20); the feeding mechanism (15) penetrates through the outer cylinder (19) and is arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder (18);
the heating device (20) is a hot blast stove arranged on one side of the outer cylinder (19) close to the feeding mechanism (15), and the hot blast stove is communicated with an annular cavity enclosed by the outer cylinder (19) and the inner cylinder (18);
the wall of the inner cylinder (18) is provided with a ventilation device (21) which can prevent the materials in the inner cylinder (18) from passing and only allow air to pass; the ventilating device (21) is arranged adjacent to the heating device (20), and the ventilating device (21) is positioned on one side, close to the discharging mechanism (17), of the heating device (20).
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises:
the ventilating device (21) is a ventilating grid arranged on the surface of the inner cylinder (18), and/or the ventilating device (21) is a densely-arranged ventilating hole arranged on the surface of the inner cylinder (18);
the ventilating device (21) is communicated with a bent neck chimney (22), and the bent neck chimney (22) penetrates through the outer barrel (19) and is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises: a stirring shaft (23) for stirring and conveying materials is further arranged in the inner barrel (18), and the stirring shaft (23) is arranged below the central axis of the inner barrel (18);
the ventilating device (21) is arranged at the top of the inner barrel (18), a water guide cavity (24) is further arranged on one side, facing the stirring shaft (23), of the ventilating device (21), the water guide cavity (24) is provided with an air inlet (25) and a water outlet (26), and the bottom plate of the water guide cavity (24) is obliquely arranged facing the water outlet (26); one end, facing the air inlet (25), of the bottom plate of the water guide cavity (24) is also provided with a bent edge for preventing materials from splashing into the water guide cavity (24).
13. The system of claim 10, wherein the drying and pulverizing system comprises:
a resistance heating element is arranged on the outer cavity wall of the inner cylinder (18), and the resistance heating element is arranged on one side of the inner cylinder (18) close to the discharging mechanism (17);
the resistance heating element is a resistance wire connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the heating temperature of the resistance heating element.
CN202111319418.5A 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 Drying and crushing method of plant materials and processing system thereof Active CN114074016B (en)

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