CN114071976A - Double-cold-source data center cooling system and method - Google Patents
Double-cold-source data center cooling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114071976A CN114071976A CN202111449289.1A CN202111449289A CN114071976A CN 114071976 A CN114071976 A CN 114071976A CN 202111449289 A CN202111449289 A CN 202111449289A CN 114071976 A CN114071976 A CN 114071976A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20763—Liquid cooling without phase change
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- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20718—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
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- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
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- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-cold-source data center cold supply system and a method, wherein the system comprises a natural cold source cold supply system and a cold supply system containing mechanical refrigeration; the natural cold source cold supply system comprises a cooling tower, wherein the cooling tower provides a first cold source, and the first cold source carries out primary cooling on return air of the data center cabinet through heat exchange of an air handling unit; the cooling system with mechanical refrigeration comprises a refrigerating unit, wherein the refrigerating unit provides a second cold source, the second cold source carries out heat exchange through an air conditioner, and the return air subjected to primary cooling is subjected to secondary cooling and then is sent to a data center cabinet to provide cooling capacity; the natural cold source cooling system and the cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration are segmented to supply cooling for the data center cabinet; the natural cold source high-temperature cooling system and the low-temperature cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration are used for segmented cooling, the annual utilization time length and the occupation ratio of the natural cold source in the data center cooling system are obviously prolonged, and the long-time utilization of the natural cold source is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep utilization and energy conservation of natural cold sources, in particular to a double-cold-source data center cold supply system and method.
Background
The data center is a carbon emission large family in the field of energy consumption, huge energy consumption and high operation cost are bottleneck problems faced by industry development, and rapid development of the information industry is severely restricted. According to statistics, the annual power consumption of China data centers in 2018 reaches 1609 hundred million kWh, which accounts for 2.35% of the power consumption of the whole society and exceeds the annual power consumption of the whole society in Shanghai cities. With the increasing demand of the development of the information industry on the data center, the annual power consumption of the data center in China is predicted to reach 2668 hundred million kWh by 2023, and the energy consumption is increased by more than 60%. Meanwhile, the energy consumption cost of the data center accounts for more than 60% of the total operation cost, huge energy consumption and high operation cost cause huge pressure on operators, the competitiveness of the industry is reduced, the rapid development of the information industry in China is severely restricted, and the research and development of a novel energy-saving and carbon-reducing technology becomes the most urgent requirement for the development of the data center industry in the future.
The overall energy efficiency level of the data center in China is very low, a large gap exists between the data center and developed countries, and the energy-saving space is huge. The Power Usage Efficiency (PUE) is a general index for measuring the energy efficiency level of the data center, and the smaller the PUE value is, the higher the energy efficiency level of the data center is. At present, the average PUE (electric energy utilization rate) of the American data center is about 1.6-1.8, the PUE of the advanced data center is less than 1.2, and the PUE of the Japanese data center can reach 1.5. And the average PUE of the data centers in China is more than 2.2, and some data centers are even as high as 3.0, according to statistics, 40 ten thousand running high-energy-consumption data centers in China still need to be transformed, and the energy-saving situation of the data centers in China is very severe.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the present invention provides a cooling system and a cooling method for a dual cooling source data center.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a double-cold-source data center cooling system, which comprises a natural cold source cooling system and a cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration;
the natural cold source cold supply system comprises a cooling tower, wherein the cooling tower provides a first cold source, and the first cold source carries out primary cooling on return air of the data center cabinet through heat exchange of an air handling unit;
the cooling system with mechanical refrigeration comprises a refrigerating unit, wherein the refrigerating unit provides a second cold source, the second cold source carries out heat exchange through an air conditioner, and return air subjected to primary cooling is subjected to secondary cooling and then is sent to a data center cabinet to provide cooling capacity.
Furthermore, two devices which are separately arranged or integrated are arranged between the air processing unit and the air conditioner, and the air outlet of the air processing unit is connected with the air inlet of the precision air conditioner.
Further, the natural cold source cold supply system comprises an air processing unit, a cold accumulation device, a first cooling tower and a second cooling tower; the cold accumulation device is connected with the air handling unit through a first pipeline, the cooling tower is connected in the first pipeline for the second time, and the cooling tower is connected in the cold accumulation device for the first time.
Furthermore, when the temperature is in a first temperature period in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower I and the cold accumulation device works to accumulate cold energy for the cold accumulation device, and meanwhile, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit works to directly provide natural cold energy for the air treatment unit.
And further, when the temperature is in a second temperature period in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit stops working, and the water circulation loop formed by the cold accumulation device and the air treatment unit works to directly provide cold accumulation for the air treatment unit.
Further, the cooling system with mechanical refrigeration also comprises a cooling tower III and a heat exchanger; the cooling tower III is connected with a condensation end of a refrigerating unit through a second pipeline, and an evaporation end of the refrigerating unit is connected with an air conditioner through a third pipeline; one end of the heat exchanger is connected with the second pipeline, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with the third pipeline.
Furthermore, the cooling tower III, the heat exchanger and the air conditioner form a cooling tower III direct supply assembly; the third cooling tower, the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner form a refrigerating unit assembly.
Further, the refrigeration unit includes an electronic expansion valve and a compressor.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a cooling method for a dual-cold-source data center, the method is based on the above dual-cold-source data center cooling system, and the method includes:
when the external wet bulb temperature is less than m, the third direct supply assembly of the cooling tower works and sequentially passes through two water circulation loops: the water circulation loop consisting of the air conditioner and the heat exchanger and the water circulation loop consisting of the heat exchanger and the cooling tower III exchange heat with return air from a data center cabinet in the air conditioner, so that a natural cold source independently supplies cold for the data center cabinet;
when the m is less than or equal to the external wet bulb temperature and less than or equal to n, the natural cold source cooling system and the refrigerating unit assembly work, and the natural cold source cooling system carries out primary cooling on return air of the data center cabinet through heat exchange of the air handling unit; the refrigerating unit assembly secondarily cools the outlet air from the air handling unit in the air conditioner through a water circulation loop formed by the evaporating end of the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner;
when the external wet bulb temperature is higher than n, the refrigerating unit assembly exchanges heat with return air from the data center cabinet in the air conditioner through a water circulation loop formed by the evaporating end of the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner, so that mechanical refrigeration is realized to independently supply cold for the data center cabinet;
wherein m and n are real numbers.
Further, the natural cold source cooling system cools the return air of the data center cabinet once through the heat exchange of the air handling unit and comprises:
when the temperature is in a first temperature period in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower I and the cold accumulation device works to accumulate cold energy for the cold accumulation device, and meanwhile, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit works to directly provide natural cold energy for the air treatment unit;
when the temperature is in a second temperature period in one day, a water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit stops working, and a water circulation loop formed by the cold accumulation device and the air treatment unit works to directly provide cold accumulation capacity for the air treatment unit;
the temperature of the second temperature period is higher than that of the first temperature period
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the double-cold-source data center cooling system provided by the embodiment utilizes the natural cold source high-temperature cooling system and the low-temperature cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration to perform segmented cooling, obviously improves the annual utilization duration and the occupation ratio of a natural cold source in the data center cooling system, and realizes the long-term utilization of the natural cold source. The double-cold-source data center cooling system effectively reduces the power consumption of refrigeration equipment in the total power consumption of the data center, reduces the PUE value and the operation cost of the data center cooling system, and guides the data center to go through a green development road with high efficiency, low carbon, integration and circulation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of a cooling system of a dual-cooling-source data center according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a data center cabinet; 2. a precision air conditioner; 3. a high temperature air handling unit; 4. a cold storage device; 5. cooling tower number one; 6. cooling tower II; 7. cooling tower No. III; 8, a condensation end of the refrigerating unit; 9. a plate heat exchanger; 10. an evaporation end of the refrigerating unit; 11. an electronic expansion valve; 12. a compressor; 13. a first pipeline; 14. a second pipeline; 15. a third pipeline; 16. a water pump; 17. and (4) switching on and off the valve.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
in the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection and signal connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, so to speak, as communicating between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The technical solution of the present embodiment is further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the cooling system of the dual-cold-source data center provided in this embodiment mainly includes two parts, namely a natural cold source cooling system and a cooling system including mechanical refrigeration. This nature cold source cooling system includes the cooling tower, and the cooling tower provides first cold source, and first cold source carries out primary cooling through the air handling unit heat exchange to the return air of data center rack. The cooling system with mechanical refrigeration comprises a refrigerating unit, wherein the refrigerating unit provides a second cold source, the second cold source carries out heat exchange through an air conditioner 2, and the return air subjected to primary cooling is subjected to secondary cooling and then is sent to a data center cabinet 1 to provide cooling capacity; the natural cold source cooling system and the cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration are segmented into a data center cabinet 1 for cooling; the temperature of the first cold source is higher than that of the second cold source, namely the first cold source is a high-temperature cold source, and the second cold source is a low-temperature cold source.
Therefore, the double-cold-source data center cold supply system provided by the embodiment utilizes the natural cold source high-temperature cold supply system and the low-temperature cold supply system containing mechanical refrigeration to perform segmented cold supply, obviously improves the annual utilization duration and the occupation ratio of the natural cold source in the data center cold supply system, and realizes the long-term utilization of the natural cold source. The double-cold-source data center cooling system effectively reduces the power consumption of refrigeration equipment in the total power consumption of the data center, reduces the PUE value and the operation cost of the data center cooling system, and guides the data center to go through a green development road with high efficiency, low carbon, integration and circulation.
Specifically, the natural cold source cold supply system comprises an air treatment unit 3, a cold accumulation device 4, a first cooling tower 5, a second cooling tower 6, a plurality of water pumps and switch valves; the cold accumulation device 4 is connected with the air processing unit 3 through a first pipeline 13, a water pump and a switch valve are installed in the first pipeline, the second cooling tower 6 is connected in the first pipeline 13, the first cooling tower 5 is connected in the cold accumulation device 4, and the water pump 16 and the switch valve 17 are installed in a pipeline connecting the second cooling tower 6 and the first pipeline.
The cooling scheme of the natural cold source cooling system is as follows: in the time of low temperature in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 5 and the cold accumulation device 4 works to accumulate cold energy for the cold accumulation device 4, and meanwhile, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 6 and the high-temperature air treatment unit 3 works to directly provide natural cold energy for the high-temperature air treatment unit 3; in the time period of higher temperature in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 6 and the high-temperature air processing unit 3 stops working, and the water circulation loop formed by the cold accumulation device 4 and the high-temperature air processing unit 3 works to directly provide cold accumulation cold for the high-temperature air processing unit 3
Specifically, the cooling system with mechanical refrigeration further comprises a cooling tower III 7, a plate heat exchanger 9, a plurality of water pumps and switch valves; the third cooling tower 7 is connected with a condensing end 8 of a refrigerating unit through a second pipeline 14, an evaporating end 10 of the refrigerating unit is connected with an air conditioner 2 through a third pipeline 15, and a water pump 16 and a switch valve 17 are installed in the second pipeline 14 and the third pipeline 15; one end of the plate heat exchanger 9 is connected with the second pipeline, and the other end is connected with the third pipeline. The third cooling tower 7, the plate heat exchanger 9 and the air conditioner 2 form a third cooling tower direct supply assembly; the third cooling tower 7, the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner 2 form a refrigerating unit assembly. In particular, it comprises an electronic expansion valve 11 and a compressor 12.
Based on the above system, this embodiment further provides an operation method of a cooling system of a dual cooling source data center, which includes:
when the external wet bulb temperature is less than m, the third direct supply assembly of the cooling tower works and sequentially passes through two water circulation loops: a water circulation loop consisting of the precision air conditioner 2 and the plate heat exchanger 9, and a water circulation loop consisting of the plate heat exchanger 9 and the third cooling tower 7 exchange heat with return air from the data center cabinet 1 inside the precision air conditioner 2, so that a natural cold source independently supplies cold for the data center cabinet.
When m is less than or equal to the external wet bulb temperature and is less than or equal to n, the natural cold source high-temperature cooling system and the refrigerating unit assembly work, the natural cold source high-temperature cooling system carries out primary cooling on the return air of the data center cabinet 1 through heat exchange of the high-temperature air handling unit 3, and the specific working mode is as follows: in the time of low temperature in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 5 and the cold accumulation device 4 works to accumulate cold energy for the cold accumulation device 4, and meanwhile, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 6 and the high-temperature air treatment unit 3 works to directly provide natural cold energy for the high-temperature air treatment unit 3; in the time period of higher air temperature in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower No. 6 and the high-temperature air treatment unit 3 stops working, and the water circulation loop formed by the cold accumulation device 4 and the high-temperature air treatment unit 3 works to provide cold accumulation for the high-temperature air treatment unit 3, so that the transfer and reutilization of a low-temperature natural cold source are realized, and the full-time regulation and control efficiency of the natural cold source is optimized.
The refrigerating unit assembly carries out secondary cooling on the outlet air from the high-temperature air processing unit 3 inside the precision air conditioner 2 through a water circulation loop formed by the refrigerating unit evaporation end 10 and the precision air conditioner 2, and the whole cooling process realizes that the natural cold source high-temperature cooling system and the low-temperature cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration are segmented into data center cabinet cooling.
When the outside wet bulb temperature is larger than n, the refrigerating unit assembly exchanges heat with return air from the data center cabinet 1 inside the precision air conditioner 2 through a water circulation loop formed by the refrigerating unit evaporation end 10 and the precision air conditioner 2, and the purpose that mechanical refrigeration independently supplies cold for the data center cabinet is achieved.
The preferable range of m is 7-11 deg.C, and the preferable range of n is 24-28 deg.C.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. according to the double-cold-source data center cold supply system provided by the invention, the natural cold source high-temperature cold supply system and the low-temperature cold supply system containing mechanical refrigeration are used for segmented cold supply, the annual utilization time and the occupation ratio of the natural cold source in the data center cold supply system are obviously prolonged, and the long-time utilization of the natural cold source is realized.
2. The natural cold source high-temperature cold supply system provided by the invention has various operation modes such as direct supply of a cooling tower, cold accumulation of a cold accumulation device, cold discharge of the cold accumulation device and the like, realizes transfer and reutilization of a low-temperature natural cold source on the basis of fully prolonging the utilization time of the natural cold source, and optimizes the full-time regulation and control efficiency of the natural cold source.
3. The natural cold source high-temperature cooling system provided by the invention improves the ratio of the natural cold source in the cooling system of the data center, reduces the power consumption of refrigeration equipment in the total power consumption of the data center, effectively reduces the PUE value and the operation cost of the low-temperature cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration, and guides the data center to go through a green development road with high efficiency, low carbon, intensive and circulation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A double-cold-source data center cooling system is characterized by comprising a natural cold source cooling system and a cooling system containing mechanical refrigeration;
the natural cold source cold supply system comprises a cooling tower, wherein the cooling tower provides a first cold source, and the first cold source carries out primary cooling on return air of the data center cabinet through heat exchange of an air handling unit;
the cooling system with mechanical refrigeration comprises a refrigerating unit, wherein the refrigerating unit provides a second cold source, the second cold source carries out heat exchange through an air conditioner, and return air subjected to primary cooling is subjected to secondary cooling and then is sent to a data center cabinet to provide cooling capacity.
2. The dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 1, wherein the air handling unit and the air conditioner are separated from each other or integrated into one unit, and the air outlet of the air handling unit is connected to the air inlet of the air conditioner.
3. The dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 1, wherein the natural cold source cooling system comprises an air handling unit, a cold storage device, a cooling tower number one, a cooling tower number two; the cold accumulation device is connected with the air handling unit through a first pipeline, the cooling tower is connected in the first pipeline for the second time, and the cooling tower is connected in the cold accumulation device for the first time.
4. The dual cold source data center cold supply system of claim 3, wherein when the temperature is in the first temperature period during the day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower I and the cold accumulation device works to accumulate cold for the cold accumulation device, and simultaneously the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air handling unit works to directly provide the natural cold source cold for the air handling unit.
5. The dual cold source data center cooling system according to claim 4, wherein when the temperature is in the second temperature period during the day, the water circulation loop formed by the second cooling tower and the air handling unit stops working, and the water circulation loop formed by the cold storage device and the air handling unit works to directly provide cold storage capacity for the air handling unit; the temperature of the second temperature period is higher than the temperature of the first temperature period.
6. The dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 1, wherein the cooling system including mechanical refrigeration further comprises a cooling tower number three, a heat exchanger; the cooling tower III is connected with a condensation end of a refrigerating unit through a second pipeline, and an evaporation end of the refrigerating unit is connected with an air conditioner through a third pipeline; one end of the heat exchanger is connected with the second pipeline, and the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with the third pipeline.
7. The dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 6, wherein the cooling tower number three, the heat exchanger and the air conditioner form a cooling tower number three direct supply assembly; the third cooling tower, the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner form a refrigerating unit assembly.
8. The dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 6 or 7, wherein the refrigeration unit comprises an electronic expansion valve and a compressor.
9. A dual cold source data center cooling method based on the dual cold source data center cooling system of claim 7, wherein the method comprises:
when the external wet bulb temperature is less than m, the third direct supply assembly of the cooling tower works and sequentially passes through two water circulation loops: the water circulation loop consisting of the air conditioner and the heat exchanger and the water circulation loop consisting of the heat exchanger and the cooling tower III exchange heat with return air from a data center cabinet in the air conditioner, so that a natural cold source independently supplies cold for the data center cabinet;
when the m is less than or equal to the external wet bulb temperature and less than or equal to n, the natural cold source cooling system and the refrigerating unit assembly work, and the natural cold source cooling system carries out primary cooling on return air of the data center cabinet through heat exchange of the air handling unit; the refrigerating unit assembly secondarily cools the outlet air from the air handling unit in the air conditioner through a water circulation loop formed by the evaporating end of the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner;
when the external wet bulb temperature is higher than n, the refrigerating unit assembly exchanges heat with return air from the data center cabinet in the air conditioner through a water circulation loop formed by the evaporating end of the refrigerating unit and the air conditioner, so that mechanical refrigeration is realized to independently supply cold for the data center cabinet;
wherein m and n are real numbers.
10. The dual cold source data center cooling method of claim 9, wherein the natural cold source cooling system performing primary cooling on return air of data center cabinets through air handling unit heat exchange comprises:
when the temperature is in a first temperature period in one day, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower I and the cold accumulation device works to accumulate cold energy for the cold accumulation device, and meanwhile, the water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit works to directly provide natural cold energy for the air treatment unit;
when the temperature is in a second temperature period in one day, a water circulation loop formed by the cooling tower II and the air treatment unit stops working, and a water circulation loop formed by the cold accumulation device and the air treatment unit works to directly provide cold accumulation capacity for the air treatment unit;
the temperature of the second temperature period is higher than the temperature of the first temperature period.
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| CN114928997A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-19 | 清华大学 | Year-round cold air supply grading treatment system and control method thereof |
| CN116209218A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-06-02 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Data center cooling system and control method |
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| CN208382436U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-01-15 | 武汉腾云数冷科技有限公司 | A kind of IDC computer room natural cooling source and electric cooling couple cold supply system |
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| CN109348676A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-02-15 | 广东海悟科技有限公司 | Controlling machine room temperature system and its control method |
| KR20210020588A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-02-24 | 장대인 | Air cooling system for data center |
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