CN114069869A - Charge storage energy flow control method for distributed photovoltaic source network - Google Patents

Charge storage energy flow control method for distributed photovoltaic source network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114069869A
CN114069869A CN202111410055.6A CN202111410055A CN114069869A CN 114069869 A CN114069869 A CN 114069869A CN 202111410055 A CN202111410055 A CN 202111410055A CN 114069869 A CN114069869 A CN 114069869A
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microprocessor
soc
switch
converter
storage battery
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CN114069869B (en
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陈昌鑫
杨鑫鑫
任一峰
赵俊梅
姚舜才
张倩茹
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling the charge storage energy flow of a distributed photovoltaic source network, which transmits monitoring data to an upper computer through a photovoltaic panel monitoring part, an inverter monitoring part, an energy storage battery monitoring part, a power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection and a control part by the Internet of things technology, thereby realizing remote monitoring of the running state of a distributed photovoltaic power station and having important significance for distributed photovoltaic operation and maintenance. According to the method, an electric energy curve and a load curve are generated according to a photovoltaic panel, and the distributed photovoltaic source network charge storage energy flow control method reasonably stores electric energy in an energy storage battery and/or is connected to the grid, so that bidirectional ordered flow of energy is realized, the purpose of reasonably utilizing distributed photovoltaic power generation energy is achieved, peak clipping and valley filling are performed, distributed photovoltaic is consumed, and the phenomenon of light abandon is reduced.

Description

Charge storage energy flow control method for distributed photovoltaic source network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy flow control of photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a charge storage energy flow control method of a distributed photovoltaic source network.
Background
In recent years, with the wide construction of a high-proportion renewable energy distributed energy system, a novel energy main body characterized by decentralization will become an important component of an electric power market, and the propositions of "carbon peak reaching" and "carbon neutralization" are not easy to construct a novel electric power system with a new energy as a theme. Distributed photovoltaic power generation is a good choice, has the characteristics of cleanness, low carbon, safety and high efficiency, can be widely applied to industrial parks and residential buildings, can be built in rural areas, pastoral areas, mountain areas, developing big, medium and small cities or near commercial areas, and meets the electricity utilization requirement of local users. Distributed photovoltaic devices are often dispersedly installed on a roof, and unmanned monitoring, fault early warning and operation and maintenance are very necessary; meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation system has randomness and fluctuation, the mismatching of the source and the load causes that electric energy generated by a plurality of photovoltaic systems cannot be effectively absorbed, and the phenomenon of light abandoning to a certain degree exists. Besides the energy storage on the load side, the energy storage is arranged on the distributed photovoltaic power generation side, meanwhile, the source network charge storage energy scheduling is carried out by utilizing the informatization technologies such as sensors and the Internet of things and the storage battery charge and discharge control technology, the bidirectional and ordered flow of information flow and energy flow is realized, and the significance is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for controlling the charge storage energy flow of a distributed photovoltaic source network aiming at the monitoring and energy scheduling informatization requirements of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a control method for charge storage energy flow of a distributed photovoltaic source network is realized by a device, wherein the device comprises a monitoring part and a control part;
the monitoring part comprises a photovoltaic panel monitoring part, an inverter monitoring part, an energy storage battery monitoring part and a power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection;
the photovoltaic panel monitoring portion comprises at least one first temperature sensor, at least one smoke sensor, at least one light sensor;
the inverter monitoring part comprises at least one first Hall voltage sensor and at least one second temperature sensor;
the energy storage battery monitoring part comprises at least one second Hall voltage sensor and at least one third temperature sensor;
the power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection comprises a magnetic sensor, an NB-IoT element, an analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor;
the digital signal output ends of all the temperature sensors, the Hall voltage sensors, the smoke sensors and the optical sensors are respectively connected with different input ends of the microprocessor, the output end of the magnetic sensor is connected with the other input end of the microprocessor through an analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the microprocessor is connected to the input end of the NB-IoT element, and the NB-IoT element transmits the digital signals to an upper computer through a mobile communication network;
the control part comprises a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch, a grid-connected switch, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
the photovoltaic switch is connected between the photovoltaic panel and the inverter switch and between the photovoltaic panel and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the energy storage battery is connected between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the AC/DC converter, the inverter switch is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the inverter is connected between the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch, and the grid-connected switch is connected with the AC/DC converter and the commercial power;
the output end of a microprocessor in the device is respectively connected with a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch, a grid-connected switch, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining a control mode, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is disconnected, the charging state of a bidirectional DC/DC converter is changed, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method II comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the mode III is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inversion switch is disconnected, a grid connection switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method IV is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
mode (v): the photovoltaic switch is disconnected, the inverter switch is closed, the grid-connected switch is disconnected, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and the AC/DC converter is disconnected;
(2) selecting a corresponding control mode according to the actual information:
(1) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC (State of Charge) value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the method II;
(2) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the command is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends a command, and the microprocessor executes the command in the mode of (b);
(3) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the method II;
(4) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends an instruction, and the microprocessor executes the mode fifth;
(5) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the command is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends a command, and the microprocessor executes the command in the mode of (b);
(6) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends an instruction, and the microprocessor executes the mode fifth;
(7) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode III;
(8) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(9) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, an upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the first mode;
(10) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(11) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(12) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(13) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, an upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the first mode;
(14) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the second mode;
(15) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, an upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the first mode;
(16) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(17) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(18) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(19) when the first temperature sensor or the smoke sensor or the optical sensor obtains the relevant data of the operation of the photovoltaic panel and exceeds a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the fault of the photovoltaic panel, sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and sends an alarm according to the execution mode of the microprocessor;
(20) when the data related to the operation of the energy storage battery obtained by the second Hall voltage sensor and the third temperature sensor exceed a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the fault of the energy storage battery, sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and sends an alarm in the microprocessor execution mode;
(21) when the first Hall voltage sensor or the second temperature sensor obtains relevant data of inverter operation or the magnetic sensor obtains a current signal on the power transmission line after the output end of the inverter exceeds a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the inverter fault, the upper computer sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the microprocessor executes the third mode and gives an alarm;
wherein, the illumination intensity data Lux1>0, SOC value satisfies 0<SOC1<SOC2<1, load demand P1>0。
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch have the same structure and comprise a relay and a triode.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection is arranged in a shielding box, the top of the shielding box is provided with an insulating upper cover, the bottom of the shielding box is provided with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is arranged on the power transmission line behind the output end of the inverter.
The control strategy of the invention can effectively finish rationalized energy scheduling and control aiming at the light abandoning phenomenon.
Compared with the prior art, the method for controlling the charge storage energy flow of the distributed photovoltaic source network has the following beneficial effects:
(1) monitoring data are transmitted to the upper computer through the internet of things technology, so that the running state of the distributed photovoltaic power station is remotely monitored, and the method has important significance for distributed photovoltaic operation and maintenance.
(2) According to the electric energy curve and the load curve generated by the photovoltaic panel, the distributed photovoltaic source network charge storage energy flow control method reasonably stores the electric energy in the energy storage battery and/or the grid connection, realizes the bidirectional ordered flow of the energy, achieves the purpose of reasonably utilizing the distributed photovoltaic power generation energy, cuts peaks, fills valleys, consumes the distributed photovoltaic and reduces the phenomenon of light abandonment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed photovoltaic "source grid charge storage" energy flow control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a frame structure of a distributed photovoltaic "source grid charge-storage" energy flow control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a topological diagram of the distributed photovoltaic "source grid charge storage" energy flow control method according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch or a grid-connected switch according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bidirectional DC/DC converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the AC/DC converter according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-photovoltaic panel, 101-first temperature sensor, 102-smoke sensor, 103-light sensor;
2-inverter, 201-first hall voltage sensor, 202-second temperature sensor;
3-an energy storage battery, 301-a second hall voltage sensor, 302-a third temperature sensor;
401-magnetically sensitive sensor, 402-NB-IoT element, 403-analog-to-digital converter, 404-microprocessor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention provides a charge storage energy flow control method of a distributed photovoltaic source network, which is realized by a device, wherein the device comprises a monitoring part and a control part;
the monitoring part comprises a photovoltaic panel monitoring part, an inverter monitoring part, an energy storage battery monitoring part and a power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection.
The photovoltaic panel monitoring section comprises four first temperature sensors 101, one smoke sensor 102, one light sensor 103.
The inverter monitoring part comprises a first Hall voltage sensor 201 and a second temperature sensor 202.
The energy storage battery monitoring part comprises a second Hall voltage sensor 301 and a third temperature sensor 302.
The grid-connected power line monitoring part comprises a magnetic sensor 401, an NB-IoT element 402, an analog-to-digital converter 403 and a microprocessor 404.
As shown in fig. 2, the digital signal outputs of all the temperature sensor, the hall voltage sensor, the smoke sensor 102 and the light sensor 103 are respectively connected with different inputs of the microprocessor 404, the output of the magnetic sensor 401 is connected with another input of the microprocessor 404 through the analog-to-digital converter 403, the output of the microprocessor 404 is connected to the input of the NB-IoT element 402, and the NB-IoT element 402 transmits the digital signal to the upper computer through the mobile communication network.
The control part comprises a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch, a grid-connected switch, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter.
As shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic switch is connected between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the inverter switch and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the energy storage battery 3 is connected between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the AC/DC converter, the inverter switch is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the inverter 2 is connected between the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch, and the grid-connected switch is connected to the AC/DC converter and the utility power.
The output end of the microprocessor 404 in the device is respectively connected with the photovoltaic switch, the inversion switch, the grid-connected switch, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the AC/DC converter.
In this embodiment, the structures of the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch are the same, and the specific structures are shown in fig. 4; the connection relations between the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch, the grid-connected switch, the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the AC/DC converter and the photovoltaic panel 1, the inverter 2, the energy storage battery 3 and the microprocessor 404 are shown in fig. 2 and 4.
The photovoltaic switch K1 comprises a first relay and a first triode, and the microprocessor 404 is used for controlling the first triode so as to control the first relay to realize the opening or closing function of the photovoltaic switch K1; a base B1 of the first triode is connected with a first IO port of the microprocessor, a collector C1 of the first triode is connected with the anode of the energy storage battery 3, an emitter E1 of the first triode is connected with a control input end C of the first relay, a control output end D of the first relay is connected with the cathode of the energy storage battery 3, the starting + A end of the first relay is connected with the anode of the output end of the photovoltaic panel 1, the starting-B end of the first relay is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, and the cathode of the output end of the photovoltaic panel is connected with the cathode of the direct current bus; when the first IO port of the microprocessor 404 outputs a low level, the start + a end of the first relay and the start-B end of the first relay are conducted, and the photovoltaic switch K1 is closed; when the first IO port of the microprocessor outputs high level, the starting + A end of the first relay and the starting-B end of the first relay are not conducted, and then the photovoltaic switch K1 is disconnected.
The inverter switch K2 comprises a second relay and a second triode, and the microprocessor 404 is used for controlling the second triode so as to control the second relay to realize the opening or closing function of the inverter switch K2; a base B1 of the second triode is connected with a second IO port of the microprocessor, a collector C1 of the second triode is connected with the anode of the energy storage battery 3, an emitter E1 of the second triode is connected with a control input end C of the second relay, a control output end D of the second relay is connected with the cathode of the energy storage battery 3, the starting + A end of the second relay is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, the starting-B end of the second relay is connected with the anode of the input end of the inverter 2, and the cathode of the input end of the inverter 2 is connected with the cathode of the direct current bus; when the second IO port of the microprocessor 404 outputs a low level, the start + a terminal of the second relay and the start-B terminal of the second relay are turned on, and the inverter switch K2 is closed; when the second IO port of the microprocessor 404 outputs a high level and the start + a terminal of the second relay and the start-B terminal of the second relay are not turned on, the inverter switch K2 is turned off; the inverter switch remains normally closed.
The grid-connected switch K3 comprises a third relay and a third triode, and the microprocessor 404 is used for controlling the third triode so as to control the third relay to realize the opening or closing function of the grid-connected switch K3; a base B1 of a third triode is connected with a third IO port of the microprocessor, a collector C1 of the third triode is connected with the anode of the energy storage battery 3, an emitter E1 of the third triode is connected with a control input end C of a third relay, a control output end D of the third relay is connected with the cathode of the energy storage battery 3, the starting + A end of the third relay is connected with the anode of the output end of the inverter 2, the starting-B end of the third relay is connected with any phase of a commercial power alternating current bus, and the output end of the inverter is connected with a zero line of the commercial power alternating current bus; when the third IO port of the microprocessor 404 outputs a low level, the start + a terminal of the third relay and the start-B terminal of the third relay are turned on, and the grid-connected switch K3 is closed; when the third IO port of the microprocessor 404 outputs a high level, the start + a terminal of the third relay and the start-B terminal of the third relay are not turned on, and the grid-connected switch K3 is turned off.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of V1 of the bidirectional DC/DC converter are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage battery 3, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of V2 of the bidirectional DC/DC converter are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the switch tube S1 is connected with the fourth IO port of the microprocessor, and the switch tube S2 is connected with the fifth IO port of the microprocessor 404; when the fourth IO port outputs a low level, the switching tube S1 is turned on, and when the fourth IO port outputs a high level, the switching tube S1 is turned off; when the fifth IO port outputs a low level, the switching tube S2 is turned on, and when the fifth IO port outputs a high level, the switching tube S2 is turned off; when the switch tube S1 is switched on and the switch tube S2 is switched off, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is switched on in the forward direction, and the energy storage battery 3 is charged; when the switch tube S1 is cut off and the switch tube S2 is switched on, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is switched on reversely, and the energy storage battery 3 discharges; when the switch tube S1 is cut off and the switch tube S2 is cut off, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is cut off, and the energy storage battery is not charged or discharged.
The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the Ui of the AC/DC converter are respectively connected with a phase line and a zero line of a commercial power alternating current bus, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the Uo are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the switching tube S3 is connected with a sixth IO port of the microprocessor; when the sixth IO port outputs a low level, the switching tube S3 is turned on, and the AC/DC converter operates; when the sixth IO port outputs a high level, the switching tube S3 is turned off, and the AC/DC converter is turned off.
The control method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining a control mode, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is disconnected, the charging state of a bidirectional DC/DC converter is changed, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method II comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the mode III is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inversion switch is disconnected, a grid connection switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method IV is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
mode (v): the photovoltaic switch is disconnected, the inverter switch is closed, the grid-connected switch is disconnected, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and the AC/DC converter is disconnected.
The specific control mode truth table is as follows:
Figure BDA0003373419830000091
Figure BDA0003373419830000101
wherein: in the photovoltaic switch state, the open state is defined as 0 and the closed state is defined as 1. In the inversion switch state, the open state is defined as 0 and the closed state is defined as 1. In the grid-connected switch state, the open state is defined as 0, and the closed state is defined as 1. In the bi-directional DC/DC converter state, the forward conduction, i.e., the charging state, is 1, the reverse conduction, i.e., the discharging state, is 0, and the off, i.e., the non-charging and non-discharging state is N. In the AC/DC converter state, the open state is defined as 0 and the closed state is defined as 1.
The control modes of the microprocessor 404 corresponding to the above control modes are:
control method 1: the first IO port outputs low level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs high level, the fourth IO port outputs low level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
Control mode 2: the first IO port outputs low level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs low level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
Control mode 3: the first IO port outputs low level, the second IO port outputs high level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs low level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs low level.
Control mode 4: the first IO port outputs low level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs high level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
Control mode 5: the first IO port outputs high level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs high level, the fifth IO port outputs low level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
Control mode 6: the first IO port outputs high level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs high level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs low level.
Control mode 7: the first IO port outputs low level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs low level, the fourth IO port outputs high level, the fifth IO port outputs low level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
Control mode 8: the first IO port outputs high level, the second IO port outputs low level, the third IO port outputs high level, the fourth IO port outputs high level, the fifth IO port outputs high level and the sixth IO port outputs high level.
(2) Selecting a corresponding control mode according to the actual information:
(1) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC (State of Charge) value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the micro-place through the NB-IoT elementThe processor 404 and the microprocessor 404 execute the mode (II);
(2) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is less than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the host computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404 executes the method';
(3) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the method ii;
(4) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT component 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the fifth mode;
(5) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the host computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404 executes the method';
(6) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor 103 is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT component 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the fifth mode;
(7) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is less than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the mode III;
(8) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is less than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the upper computer sends a command to transmit to the NB-IoT component 402Microprocessor 404, microprocessor 404 executing mode (iv);
(9) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the first mode;
(10) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1Meanwhile, the host computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT component 402, and the microprocessor 404 performs the method of execution;
(11) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the mode IV;
(12) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1Meanwhile, the host computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT component 402, and the microprocessor 404 performs the method of execution;
(13) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1, the SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is less than SOC1 and the load demand is less than P1, the upper computer issues an instruction to transmit the instruction to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the first mode;
(14) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is less than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the second mode;
(15) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is smallIn SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the first mode;
(16) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the mode IV;
(17) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, and the microprocessor 404 executes the mode IV;
(18) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the light sensor 103 is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery 3 is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1Meanwhile, the host computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT component 402, and the microprocessor 404 performs the method of execution;
(19) when the first temperature sensor 101, the smoke sensor 102 or the light sensor 103 obtains the relevant data of the operation of the photovoltaic panel 1 and exceeds the fault threshold value, the upper computer judges that the photovoltaic panel 1 has a fault, the upper computer sends a command to transmit the command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404 executes the mode (a) and sends an alarm;
(20) when the data related to the operation of the energy storage battery 3 obtained by the second hall voltage sensor 301 and the third temperature sensor 302 exceed the fault threshold, the upper computer judges that the energy storage battery 3 has a fault, the upper computer sends a command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404 executes the mode (iv) and sends an alarm;
(21) when the first Hall voltage sensor 201 or the second temperature sensor 202 obtains the relevant data of the operation of the inverter 2 or the magnetic sensor 401 obtains the current signal on the transmission line after the output end of the inverter 2 exceeds the fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the fault of the inverter, the upper computer sends a command to transmit the command to the microprocessor 404 through the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404 executes the mode III, and sends out an alarm to remind ground personnel of maintenance in time;
wherein, the illumination intensity data Lux1>0, SOC value satisfies 0<SOC1<SOC2<1, load demand P1>0。
In specific practice, Lux1、SOC1、SOC2And P1The specific values of (a) are set according to local requirements, for example: lux (Lux)1＝200W/m2，SOC1＝0.3，SOC2＝0.7，P1＝200MkW。
In specific implementation, the temperature sensor can select a K-type thermocouple and a MAX 6675; the smoke sensor 102 may select MQ-2; the optical sensor 103 can select GY-30; the magneto-dependent sensor 401 can select TMR 2501; the Hall voltage sensor can select HV-C54; the photovoltaic switch can select a RY-12W-K relay; the inverter switch can select a RY-12W-K relay; the grid-connected switch can select a RY-12W-K relay; the power switch tube in the bidirectional DC/DC converter can select FF75R12RT4 type IGBT, and the switching frequency is set to 10 kHz; the AC/DC converter may select ICE3RBR4765JZXKLA 1.
Specifically, the output of the microprocessor 404 is connected to the input of the NB-IoT component 402 via RS485 or RS 232.
As shown in fig. 1, the power line monitoring part after grid connection is disposed in a shielding box, an insulating upper cover is disposed on the top of the shielding box, and a mounting seat is disposed on the bottom of the shielding box and disposed on the power line behind the output end of the inverter 2.
In this embodiment, magnetic sensor 401, NB-IoT element 402, analog-to-digital converter 403, and microprocessor 404 are all disposed within the shield box, and none of the components are in contact with the side wall of the shield box.
In this embodiment, the energy storage battery 3 can stabilize the voltage and ensure the normal operation of the internal circuit, the energy storage battery 3 can supply power to the whole device, and in specific implementation, the energy storage battery 3 supplies power to the temperature sensor, the light sensor 103, the smoke sensor 102, the magnetic sensor 401, the NB-IoT element 402, the microprocessor 404, the analog-to-digital converter 403, the hall voltage sensor, the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch, the grid-connected switch, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the AC/DC converter, and the inverter 2.
According to the steps, the real-time operation condition of the distributed photovoltaic system can be monitored, and electric energy is reasonably distributed according to the output value of the electric energy when the distributed photovoltaic system works normally so as to solve the problem of informatization requirement of energy scheduling of the photovoltaic power generation system,
in specific implementation, the method for estimating the SOC value of the energy storage battery includes an open-circuit voltage method, an ampere-hour integration method, and a model-based method, which are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
In a specific implementation, a narrowband Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a communication technology of the Internet of Things, and is a technology known by those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again.
In specific implementation, the distributed photovoltaic power generation system is not allowed to work in an island state; the detection method of the islanding phenomenon is a known technology in the field, and can be divided into three main categories according to the technical characteristics: passive detection methods, active detection methods and on-off state monitoring methods (communication-based methods); during specific implementation, a fault signal of a mains power grid can be used for controlling, once the mains power grid fails, a monitoring system of the power grid side sends a control signal to the NB-IoT element 402 through the upper computer, then the microprocessor controls the grid-connected switch to be disconnected, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation system runs off the grid.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The control method is characterized by being realized by a device, wherein the device comprises a monitoring part and a control part;
the monitoring part comprises a photovoltaic panel monitoring part, an inverter monitoring part, an energy storage battery monitoring part and a power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection;
the photovoltaic panel monitoring portion comprises at least one first temperature sensor, at least one smoke sensor, at least one light sensor;
the inverter monitoring part comprises at least one first Hall voltage sensor and at least one second temperature sensor;
the energy storage battery monitoring part comprises at least one second Hall voltage sensor and at least one third temperature sensor;
the power transmission line monitoring part after grid connection comprises a magnetic sensor, an NB-IoT element, an analog-to-digital converter and a microprocessor;
the digital signal output ends of all the temperature sensors, the Hall voltage sensors, the smoke sensors and the optical sensors are respectively connected with different input ends of the microprocessor, the output end of the magnetic sensor is connected with the other input end of the microprocessor through an analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the microprocessor is connected to the input end of the NB-IoT element, and the NB-IoT element transmits the digital signals to an upper computer through a mobile communication network;
the control part comprises a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch, a grid-connected switch, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
the photovoltaic switch is connected between the photovoltaic panel and the inverter switch and between the photovoltaic panel and the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the energy storage battery is connected between the bidirectional DC/DC converter and the AC/DC converter, the inverter switch is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the inverter is connected between the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch, and the grid-connected switch is connected with the AC/DC converter and the commercial power;
the output end of a microprocessor in the device is respectively connected with a photovoltaic switch, an inverter switch, a grid-connected switch, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining a control mode, wherein the control mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is disconnected, the charging state of a bidirectional DC/DC converter is changed, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method II comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the mode III is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inversion switch is disconnected, a grid connection switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a charging state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method IV is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is disconnected, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and an AC/DC converter is closed;
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a photovoltaic switch is closed, an inverter switch is closed, a grid-connected switch is closed, a bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a discharging state, and an AC/DC converter is disconnected;
mode (v): the photovoltaic switch is disconnected, the inverter switch is closed, the grid-connected switch is disconnected, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is in a cut-off state, and the AC/DC converter is disconnected;
(2) selecting a corresponding control mode according to the actual information:
(1) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the method II;
(2) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT elementThe microprocessor executes the mode;
(3) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the method II;
(4) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends an instruction, and the microprocessor executes the mode fifth;
(5) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the command is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends a command, and the microprocessor executes the command in the mode of (b);
(6) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is 0, the SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the upper computer sends an instruction, and the microprocessor executes the mode fifth;
(7) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode III;
(8) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(9) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the instruction is sent by the upper computer, the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executesFirstly, carrying out a mode;
(10) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(11) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(12) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is more than 0 and less than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(13) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, an upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the first mode;
(14) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is smaller than the SOC1The load demand is more than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the second mode;
(15) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, an upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the first mode;
(16) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC1And is less than SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the upper computer sends an instruction to passNB-IoT element, which is transmitted to microprocessor, microprocessor executing mode;
(17) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is less than P1When the system is used, the upper computer sends an instruction to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and the microprocessor executes the mode IV;
(18) when the illumination intensity data acquired by the optical sensor is greater than Lux1The SOC value of the energy storage battery is greater than the SOC2The load demand is more than P1When the instruction is transmitted to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the execution mode of the microprocessor is seventh;
(19) when the first temperature sensor or the smoke sensor or the optical sensor obtains the relevant data of the operation of the photovoltaic panel and exceeds a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the fault of the photovoltaic panel, sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and sends an alarm according to the execution mode of the microprocessor;
(20) when the data related to the operation of the energy storage battery obtained by the second Hall voltage sensor and the third temperature sensor exceed a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the fault of the energy storage battery, sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, and sends an alarm in the microprocessor execution mode;
(21) when the first Hall voltage sensor or the second temperature sensor obtains relevant data of inverter operation or the magnetic sensor obtains a current signal on the power transmission line after the output end of the inverter exceeds a fault threshold value, the upper computer judges the inverter fault, the upper computer sends a command to the microprocessor through the NB-IoT element, the microprocessor executes the third mode and gives an alarm;
wherein, the illumination intensity data Lux1>0, SOC value satisfies 0<SOC1<SOC2<1, load demand P1>0。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the structures of the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch are the same, and the photovoltaic switch, the inverter switch and the grid-connected switch comprise a relay and a triode.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the monitored part of the grid-connected power transmission line is disposed in a shielding box, the top of the shielding box is provided with an insulating upper cover, the bottom of the shielding box is provided with a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is disposed on the power transmission line behind the output end of the inverter.
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