CN114068251B

CN114068251B - Electric switch

Info

Publication number: CN114068251B
Application number: CN202010764965.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 南寅; 邓艺军; 吴来顺; 刘万里; 李军挺; 代朔; 罗沈; 李阳; 南添; 曾伟; 靳晓恒; 柴国卿; 寇籍; 王立昌; 董郁; 章龙; 张太利; 李勇; 施谦
Original assignee: Tianjin Svrui Intelligent Electrical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Svrui Intelligent Electrical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-03
Filing date: 2020-08-03
Publication date: 2024-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-03
Also published as: CN114068251A

Abstract

An electric switch comprises an insulating shell (100), wherein at least two switch units which indirectly drive a contact to be electrically connected or disconnected through one handle (310) are sequentially stacked in the insulating shell (100) in the height direction. The invention realizes simultaneous opening and closing operation of a plurality of lines under a small-volume structure, greatly saves the installation space of products, fully utilizes the depth of the cabinet body and has more reasonable space utilization.

Description

Electric switch

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of piezoelectric devices, in particular to an electric switch.

Background

Multipole switches can be classified into the number of poles 1P, 2P, 1p+n, 3P, 4P, etc., and conventional multipole switches are generally assembled by arranging single pole switches in parallel. However, in the actual use process, the multipole switches are generally transversely arranged on the mounting rails of the distribution box side by side, when more electric equipment and distribution lines exist, the space of the box body is limited, and the multipole switches are large in use amount, so that the occupied space is large, the mountable quantity of the multipole switches in the box body is small, and the requirements of users on mounting and using in a narrow space cannot be met well.

Disclosure of Invention

Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electrical switch which effectively overcomes the above-mentioned problems.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an electrical switch comprises an insulating housing in which at least two switching units are arranged in a stacked manner in the height direction, which are electrically connected or disconnected by a handle-operated belt contact system.

Preferably, the at least two switching units comprise at least one operating mechanism and the same number of contact systems as the switching units.

Preferably, a current short-circuit fault protection device is arranged in the switch unit.

Preferably, the switch unit comprises an L-pole switch unit and an N-pole switch unit, wherein an arc extinguishing system is arranged in the L-pole switch unit, and the N-pole switch unit is provided with the arc extinguishing system or is not provided with the arc extinguishing system.

Preferably, the operating mechanisms of the two switch units are connected through a first linkage mechanism.

Preferably, the first linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the handles of the adjacent switch units or respectively connected with the lower connecting rod of the operation mechanism and the contact support in each switch unit.

Preferably, a second linkage mechanism is further arranged between the two adjacent switch units.

Preferably, the second linkage receives a driving force from the operating mechanism of the previous pole and transmits the driving force to the trip bar of the operating mechanism of the adjacent pole.

Preferably, one end of the second linkage mechanism is movably connected with the operating mechanism, and can be driven by the current short-circuit fault protection device in each switch unit and transmitted to the operating mechanism.

Preferably, the second linkage mechanism comprises a jump buckle and a linkage plate, and the jump buckle is respectively and movably connected with the linkage plate and the shell.

Preferably, the insulation shell further comprises an incoming line terminal and an outgoing line terminal, wherein the incoming line terminal or the outgoing line terminal is flush with and/or is arranged in a step shape along the end part of the insulation shell in the height direction, or is arranged at the bottom of the insulation shell in the height direction of the insulation shell.

Preferably, the wire inlet terminal and/or the wire outlet terminal are inserted, bolted or spiral.

Preferably, the handle is of a direct-pressing type or a rotary type.

Preferably, a current collector is also provided.

Preferably, the current collector includes at least one of a residual current transformer, a shunt, a hall current sensor, a fluxgate current sensor, a rogowski coil, a reluctance current sensor, and an optical fiber current sensor.

Preferably, an electronic controller is also provided.

Preferably, the electronic controller comprises a liquid crystal display.

Preferably, the electronic controller further comprises a communication unit.

Preferably, the communication unit includes a wireless and/or wired communication mode, the wireless communication includes at least one of infrared, 4G, 5G, WIFI, bluetooth, zigBee, NB-IoT, and LoRa communication modes, and the wired communication includes at least one of HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, and CAN communication modes.

Preferably, the number of the insulating housings is one, and three switch units which are sequentially stacked in the height direction are arranged in the insulating housing.

Preferably, the switch comprises two insulating shells which are sequentially arranged along the width direction, wherein each insulating shell is internally provided with a switch unit, and the sum of the number of the switch units in the two insulating shells is three or four.

Preferably, the two switch units are internally provided with arc extinguishing systems, and the arc extinguishing systems of the two switch units are different in size or/and arrangement angle.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the simultaneous opening and closing operation of a plurality of lines is realized under a small-volume structure, the installation space of products is greatly saved, the depth of the cabinet body is fully utilized, and the space utilization is more reasonable;

2. The operability of wiring and replacement of the multipole switch is improved in a narrow space, the function that the conventional switch can only complete three poles is realized within 18mm width, 1P, 1P+N, 2P and 3P are combined into the same insulating shell, and various indexes are not reduced;

4. Through setting up first handle and second handle, can realize the form diversity of the manual divide-shut brake of multipole switch, can satisfy different installation demands.

5. The current collector is arranged in the switch, and the current collector is combined with the intelligent switch with the metering function and the intelligent ammeter for application, so that the total-shunt-ammeter three-level metering can be performed, and the metering misalignment fault identification and the equipment positioning can be realized;

6. The current collector and the electronic controller are arranged in the switch, the monitored current and residual current signals can be transmitted to superior equipment, such as a fusion terminal, a TTU, a master station and the like, and the remote non-transient protection type control of the nearby node can be performed by matching with the switch device.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some of the embodiments described in the application, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall appearance of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first linkage mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit protection device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit protection device and a static contact assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an overload protection apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second coupling mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a trip structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic overall appearance of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic side view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic overall appearance of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic side view of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic overall appearance of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic side view of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a 3P or 4P splice according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a first linkage mechanism and a second linkage mechanism according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a power line and a current sensor at a wire inlet end according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the inside of the first insulating housing of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the inside of the second insulating housing of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the thermomagnetic overall structure of embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the electronic overall structure of embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the invention are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by showing examples of the invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any particular configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, substitution, and improvement of elements, components, and algorithms without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.

It should be noted that the description of the directions of "up", "down", "left", "right", "height", "width", and the like, which are mentioned below, is based on the angles shown in fig. 2.

Example 1:

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment discloses an electrical switch, which includes an insulating housing 100, and a plurality of switch units 200 are sequentially stacked in the insulating housing 100 along a height direction of the insulating housing 100, that is, a Y-axis direction shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the switch units 200 include a first switch unit 200a and a second switch unit 200b, the first switch unit 200a includes an operation mechanism 300a, a contact system 400a and an arc extinguishing system 500a, the operation mechanism 300a can drive the contact system 400a to be turned on or off, and the arc extinguishing system 500a is used for cooling and cutting an arc generated when the contact system 400a is disconnected, so as to ensure electrical safety. Similarly, the second switch unit 200b includes an operation mechanism 300b, a contact system 400b, and an arc extinguishing system 500b, where the operation mechanism 300b can drive the contact system 400b to be turned on or off, and the arc extinguishing system 500b is used for cooling and cutting an arc generated when the contact system 400b is broken, so as to ensure electrical safety.

The first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b are respectively provided with a current fault protection device, in this embodiment, the current fault protection devices include a short circuit protection device and an overload protection device, and when fault currents such as short circuit and overload occur in a circuit, the short circuit protection device and the overload protection device act, so as to drive the contact system to be disconnected, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the circuit. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first switching unit 200a includes a short-circuit protection device 600a and an overload protection device 700a, and the second switching unit 200b includes a short-circuit protection device 600b and an overload protection device 700b. In other embodiments, only one of the short-circuit protection device 600b and the overload protection device 700b may be provided, or may be provided at the same time, and may be selected according to the actual application scenario and the requirements of the customer.

Referring to fig. 4, in order to ensure that the electrical switch can perform normal manual opening and closing, the operating mechanism 300a of the first switch unit 200a includes a first operating handle 310a, the operating mechanism 300b of the second switch unit 200a includes a second operating handle 310b, and the first operating handle 310a and the second operating handle 310b are substantially identical in structure and are respectively rotatably connected to the insulating housing 100 through a rotation shaft, and the difference between them is that the first operating handle 310a further includes a hand-holding portion 311a, and one end of the hand-holding portion 311a extends out of the insulating housing 100, so that a user may perform an operation of manual opening and closing.

A first linkage mechanism 800 is disposed between the first operating handle 310a and the second operating handle 310b, the first linkage mechanism 800 may implement linkage between the second operating handle 310b and the first operating handle 310a, when the electric switch needs to be manually switched on or off, a user may operate the hand-held portion 311a of the first operating handle 310a, and the first operating handle 310a may drive, through the first linkage mechanism 800, the second operating handle 310b to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the opening or closing of the contact system in the corresponding switch unit, and implementing the manual switching on or off operation of the electric switch. In this embodiment, the first operating handle 310a is disposed at the upper end of the insulating housing 100.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first linkage mechanism 800 is a "[" shaped connection member, two ends of the "[" shaped connection member respectively extend into the first operating handle 310a and the second operating handle 310b, and connection holes for receiving the "[" shaped connection member are respectively provided on the first operating handle 310a and the second operating handle 310 b. Preferably, the first linkage 800 is made of metal, such as steel wire.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, taking the first switch unit 200a as an example, the short-circuit protection device 600a includes an electromagnetic coil 611a and an iron core assembly 612a, the iron core assembly 612a passes through the electromagnetic coil 611a along the central line direction of the electromagnetic coil 611a, the stationary contact 411a of the contact system 400a is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 611a, the electromagnetic coil 611a is electrically connected to the incoming terminal 300 through a conductor 601a, and the magnetic trip assembly 510 is fixed in the insulating housing 100.

The structure and connection manner of the short-circuit protection device 600b and the short-circuit protection device 600a are the same, and will not be described in detail here.

Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, taking the first switch unit 200a as an example, the overload protection device 700a includes a bimetal conductor 721a, an arc striking plate 722a and a heat adjusting screw assembly 723a, one end of the bimetal conductor 721a is electrically connected to the moving contact 421a of the contact system 400a through the flexible conductor, and the other end is electrically connected to the outgoing terminal 400 through a conductor.

In addition, the structure and connection manner of the overload protection device 700b and the overload protection device 700a are the same, and will not be described in detail herein.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, when one of the switch units of the electric switch encounters an overload, a short circuit, and other faults, in order to realize that the other switch units can be simultaneously turned off when one of the switch units fails, the electric switch further includes a second linkage mechanism 900, the second linkage mechanism 900 includes at least two latches 910 and a linkage plate 920, in this embodiment, the number of latches 910 is two, and the two latches 910 have the same structure and are respectively located at two ends of the linkage plate 920 and are respectively corresponding to the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200 b.

Specifically, the trip button 910 includes a protruding rod 911, a rotation center 912 and a protruding lug 913, where the protruding rod 911 and the protruding lug 913 are located at two ends of the rotation center 912, the trip button 910 may be rotatably connected to the housing 100 through a rotation shaft passing through the rotation center 912, the protruding rod 911 of the trip button 910 may contact with or separate from an overload protection device of a corresponding pole, the protruding lug 913 of the trip button 910 may contact with or separate from a trip rod of an operating mechanism of the corresponding pole, one end of the protruding rod 911 is rotatably connected to the housing 100, and the other end is connected to a long waist-shaped hole 921 on the linkage plate 920, preferably, the linkage plate 920 is an insulating member such as plastic.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the protruding bars 911 of the two latches 910 may be respectively contacted with or separated from the overload protection device 700a of the first switch unit 200a and the overload protection device 700b of the second switch unit 200b, and the protruding lugs 913 of the two latches 910 may be respectively contacted with or separated from the trip bar 320a, the latch 330a of the operating mechanism 300a of the first switch unit 200a and the trip bar 320b, the latch 330b of the operating mechanism 300b of the second switch unit 200 b.

When any one of the switch units encounters a fault such as a short circuit, for example, when the first switch unit 200a encounters a short circuit fault, a large current flows through the electromagnetic coil 611a of the short circuit protection device 600a of the first switch unit 200a, electromagnetic force is generated, the generated electromagnetic force attracts the movable iron core in the iron core assembly 612a to act, the movable iron core pushes the ejector rod rightward along the axial direction of the short circuit protection device 600a to strike the trip lever 320a, the trip lever 320a moves counterclockwise around the rotating shaft to contact with the lug 913 of the trip 910, the trip 910 moves clockwise, the lug 913 of the trip 910 contacts with the lock catch 330a, and the lock catch 330a rotates counterclockwise around the rotating shaft, so that the mechanism is unlocked, and finally the contact system 400a of the first switch unit 200a is disconnected. Meanwhile, the trip bar 320a is driven by the short-circuit protection device 600a, the trip bar 320a contacts with the lug 913 of the corresponding trip button 910, and drives the trip button 910 corresponding to the trip bar to rotate around the rotation center 912 thereof through the lug 913, so as to drive the linkage plate 920 to rotate, the linkage plate 920 drives one end of the linkage plate to rotate with the trip button 910 corresponding to the second switch unit 200b, and the trip button 910 corresponding to the second switch unit 200b drives the latch 330b of the second switch unit 200b to rotate and unlock in the rotating process, so as to drive the contact system 400b of the second switch unit 200b to disconnect, thereby realizing synchronous disconnection of the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b and ensuring electrical safety. Similarly, when a short-circuit fault is encountered in the second switch unit 200b, the linkage process between the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b is the same as the above-mentioned motion process, and will not be described again.

When any one of the switch units encounters a fault such as overload, for example, when the first switch unit 200a encounters an overload fault, the bimetal conductor 721a in the overload protection device 700a in the first switch unit 200a generates heat after a larger current flows, the bimetal conductor 721a is heated and bent, and due to different thermal expansion degrees of the two metals of the bimetal conductor, the bimetal conductor 721a is heated and bent to press the convex rod 911 of the trip button 910 in the first switch unit 200a downwards, the trip button 910 in the first switch unit 200a rotates around the rotation center 912 thereof, and the lug 913 in the first switch unit 200a contacts with the corresponding lock catch 330a and drives the lock catch 330a to unlock, so that the contact system 400a of the first switch unit 200a is disconnected; meanwhile, when the trip button 910 in the first switch unit 200a rotates, the trip button 910 in the second switch unit 200b is driven to rotate by the linkage plate 920, and the lug 913 of the trip button 910 in the second switch unit 200b drives the latch 330b in the second switch unit 200b to unlock, so that the contact system 400b in the second switch unit 200b is disconnected. Wherein the latch is unlocked to open the contact system as in the prior art, and further description is omitted herein.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b may be both L-poles, or one may be L-poles and one may be N-poles, for example, the first switch unit 200a is L-poles, the second switch unit 200b is N-poles, and when the second switch unit 200b is N-poles, the second switch unit 200b may be provided with the arc extinguishing system 500b, or may not be provided with the arc extinguishing system 500b, which is not limited herein.

Further, when the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b have electronic circuit boards at the same time, the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b are respectively provided with an arc extinguishing system 500a and an arc extinguishing system 500b, and occupy a certain space based on the arrangement of the electronic circuit boards, so that the external dimensions and the arrangement angles of the arc extinguishing systems 500a and 500b may be different, which is not limited herein.

Further, when one of the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b is provided with an electronic circuit board, the other is not provided with an electronic circuit board, for example, the first switch unit 200a is not provided with an electronic circuit board, the second switch unit 200b is provided with an electronic circuit board, and in order to achieve reasonable layout of the electronic circuit board and the arc extinguishing system 500b in a limited space, the arrangement form of the arc extinguishing system 500b in the second switch unit 200b needs to be adjusted, and at this time, the external dimensions and the arrangement angles of the arc extinguishing system 500a of the first switch unit 200a and the arc extinguishing system 500b of the second switch unit 200b may be different.

Further, when no electronic circuit board is disposed in each of the first switch unit 200a and the second switch unit 200b, the external dimensions and the disposition angles of the arc extinguishing system 500a of the first switch unit 200a and the arc extinguishing system 500b of the second switch unit 200b may be the same or different.

Further, in the present embodiment, the electrical switch includes the power supply inlet terminal 300 and the power supply outlet terminal 400, the number of which corresponds to the number of the switch units 200, and in the present embodiment, the power supply inlet terminal 300 and the power supply outlet terminal 400 are provided in two.

Further, in this embodiment, when the insulating housing 100 of the electrical switch is provided with a plurality of power supply incoming line terminals 300 or power supply outgoing line terminals 400, the ends of the plurality of power supply incoming line terminals 300 are arranged flush along the height direction of the insulating housing 100, so as to facilitate connection with an external power connection busbar such as a busbar; the power outlet terminals 400 may be disposed along the height direction of the insulating housing 100, or may be disposed in a stepped manner, and preferably, in this embodiment, the power outlet terminals 400 are disposed in a stepped manner, so that a creepage distance between the switch units may be increased, which is beneficial to electrical isolation and wiring. Similarly, the ends of the plurality of power supply incoming terminals 300 may be arranged in a stepped shape, which is not limited herein.

The wire inlet terminal 300 and the wire outlet terminal 400 may have a plug-in, bolt-type or screw-type structure, and the same technical effects may be achieved.

It should be noted that the number of the switch units may be two or three, or may be other numbers, and in this embodiment, the number of the switch units is two.

Example 2:

As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, another form of electrical switching structure is disclosed, and the structural design and spatial layout of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 are the same, except that in the present embodiment, at least one current sensor 110 is further included in the insulating housing 100, the current sensor 110 includes at least one of a residual current transformer 111, a current transformer 112, a shunt, a hall current sensor, a fluxgate current sensor, a rogowski coil, a reluctance current sensor and an optical fiber current sensor, and in the present embodiment, the current sensor 110 includes a residual current transformer 111 and a current transformer 112, and conductors between the two power inlet terminals 300 and the two power outlet terminals 400 pass through a core of the residual current transformer 111 to detect whether a residual current exists between the two switching units. The conductor between the power inlet terminal 300 and the power outlet terminal 400 corresponding to the first switch unit 200a passes through the hole center of the current transformer 200, so as to detect the current information on the first switch unit 200 a. In this embodiment, the residual current transformer 111 and the current transformer 112 are stacked in this order along the height direction of the insulating case 100, i.e., the Y-axis direction shown in fig. 12.

The current fault protection device of the present embodiment includes an actuator 510 and an electronic controller 520, specifically, the electronic controller 520 includes a control module 521 and a power module 522, at least one of a voltage monitoring terminal 523 and a signal communication plug-in terminal 524 is provided on the control module 521, the voltage monitoring terminal 523 is used for being connected with a voltage collecting element for detecting voltage information, the signal communication plug-in terminal 524 is used for being connected with other external communication units and performing information transmission, in this embodiment, the voltage monitoring terminal 523 and the signal communication plug-in terminal 524 are simultaneously provided, and in other implementations, one or more of them may be selectively provided according to specific functional requirements, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, the power module 522 is configured to collect a current signal in a circuit to transmit the current signal to the control module 521, and provide an operating power to the electronic controller 520, when a fault current occurs in the circuit, the power module 522 transmits the fault current signal to the control module 521, the control module 521 drives the actuator 510 to act, and after the actuator 510 is excited, the ejector rod in the actuator 510 will impact the trip bar of the operating mechanism of the corresponding switch unit. And the trip rod rotates anticlockwise around the positioning shaft of the trip rod, and finally the unlocking mechanism achieves the purpose of tripping the multipole switch.

Preferably, the actuator 510 may be in the form of a shunt coil or a flux transformer, etc.

Further, the electronic controller 520 further includes a communication unit, through which the electronic controller can directly or indirectly connect with an external communication module and perform wired or wireless communication, where the wireless communication includes at least one of communication modes such as 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, zigBee, NB-IoT, and LoRa, and the wired communication includes at least one of communication modes such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN, deviceNet, and Profibus.

Further, in the present embodiment, the electronic controller 520 is further provided with a liquid crystal display 530.

Example 3:

As shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, the present embodiment discloses another form of electrical switch structure, and the structural design and the spatial layout of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 are the same, where on the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment further includes a third operating handle 310c, where the third operating handle 310c is disposed on one side of the first switch unit 200a along the width direction of the switch, i.e. the X-axis direction shown in fig. 15, and is connected to the first operating handle 310a of the first switch unit 200a through a third linkage 311c, two ends of the third linkage 311c are respectively connected to the first operating handle 310a and the third operating handle 310c of the first switch unit 200a, and at this time, the first operating handle 310a of the first switch unit 220a may not be provided with a hand-holding portion, and the third operating handle 310c may be a pressing or rotating handle, i.e. by pressing or rotating the third operating handle 310c on the outside of the switch, i.e. by driving the first linkage 311c to the first switch unit 200a corresponding to the first linkage mechanism 300a, thereby driving the first switch unit 300a to rotate, and further driving the first switch unit 300a to be connected to the manual switch mechanism 300 a.

The third operating handle 310c may be disposed on the incoming line terminal 300 side or the outgoing line terminal side of the switch unit, and in this embodiment, the third operating handle 310c is disposed on the incoming line terminal 300 side of the switch unit. In addition, in the present embodiment, the third coupling mechanism 311c is a U-shaped steel wire, and other materials can be made to achieve the same function, which is not limited herein.

Further, the method comprises the following steps. The third operating handle 310c may be provided corresponding to any one of the switch units of the switch, and is not limited herein.

Example 4:

As shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the switch of this embodiment is in a 3P or 4P form, and the electrical switch of this embodiment includes a first insulating housing 100a and a second insulating housing 100b, and in the example of a 3P switch, two switch units are disposed in the first insulating housing 100a, one switch unit is disposed in the second insulating housing 100b, the dimensions of the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b are the same, the first insulating housing 100a has the same structure as that of embodiment 1, two switch units are disposed, and the two switch units implement synchronous manual or automatic switching on/off of the two switch units in the first insulating housing 100a by providing a first linkage mechanism 800 and a second linkage mechanism 900.

Referring to fig. 18, a switch unit is disposed in the second insulating housing 100b, further, the operating handle 110b of the second insulating housing 100b is integrally connected with the operating handle 110a of the first insulating housing 100a through a connecting portion 110c, a linkage shaft 110d is disposed between the operating mechanisms of the corresponding switch units of the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b, two ends of the linkage shaft 110d are respectively connected with the operating mechanisms corresponding to the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b, and synchronous manual switching on/off of the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b is achieved through the linkage shaft 110d of the connecting portion 110 c.

Referring to fig. 20, 21 and 22, when the switch is in the 4P type, the same arrangement as described above is provided, except that two switch units may be provided in the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b, respectively.

Further, when the electric switch has a leakage protection function, the switch further includes a zero sequence transformer, where the zero sequence transformer may be disposed in the first insulating housing 100a or the second insulating housing 100b, and the zero sequence transformer is disposed in the second insulating housing 100b, for example, main loop wires of the switch units in the first insulating housing 100a and the second insulating housing 100b all pass through the zero sequence transformer, so as to achieve the purpose of measuring residual current.

Example 5:

As shown in fig. 23, in the present embodiment, there is provided another form of an electric switch including an insulating housing 100', and a third switch unit 200c and a fourth switch unit 200d are stacked in this order in the height direction in the insulating housing 100', which is different from the first embodiment in that the third switch unit 200c and the fourth switch unit 200d share one operating mechanism 300d, and the operating mechanism 300d includes a fourth operating handle 310d.

The third switch unit 200c includes a contact system 400c, an arc extinguishing system 500c, a short circuit protection device 600c and an overload protection device 700c, the fourth switch unit 200d includes a contact system 400d, an arc extinguishing system 500d, a short circuit protection device 600d and an overload protection device 700d, in order to realize manual opening and closing of the electric switch, a first linkage mechanism 800' is also provided in the insulating housing 100', the first linkage mechanism 800' includes a linkage rod 810, the linkage rod 810 is movably connected with a lower link 320c of the operation mechanism 300c, a contact support 410c of the contact system 400c of the third switch unit 200c, and a contact support 410d of the contact system 400d of the fourth switch unit 200d through a rotation shaft, when the fourth handle 310d is operated to perform opening and closing, the operation mechanism 300d rotates, the lower link rod 320c drives the rod 810 to rotate, the linkage rod further drives the corresponding contact support 410c and the contact support 410d to synchronously rotate through the corresponding rotation shaft, and the contact support 410c and the contact support 410d to separate or rotate the contact support 410d correspondingly, thereby realizing manual opening and closing of the switch.

Further, a second linkage mechanism 900' is disposed in the insulating housing 100', the second linkage mechanism 900' includes a linkage plate 910 and a slider 920, one end of the linkage plate 910 is provided with a pressing portion 911, the pressing portion 911 is disposed above the trip bar 320d of the operating mechanism 300d, an elastic member 930 is further disposed between the pressing portion 911 and the insulating housing 100', and two ends of the elastic member 930 respectively abut against the pressing portion 911 and the insulating housing 100 '. The number of the sliding blocks 920 is the same as the number of the switch units of the switch, one end of the sliding block 920 is fixedly connected with the linkage plate 910, the other end of the sliding block can slide in the insulating housing 100', a sliding groove 110' for the sliding block 920 to move is arranged on the insulating housing 100', and the sliding block 920 is arranged above a short-circuit protection device and an overload protection device corresponding to the switch units. In this embodiment, the short-circuit protection device 600d and the short-circuit protection device 600c are in the form of armatures, and the overload protection device 700c and the overload protection device 700d are in the form of bimetal structures.

When a fault current such as overload and short circuit occurs in a certain switch unit, for example, the third switch unit 200c, the armature 710c of the overload protection device 700c or the bimetallic strip 610d of the short circuit protection device 600d is deformed, contacts the slider 920 downward, and pushes the slider 920 to move downward along the chute 110', the slider 920 drives the linkage plate 910 to move synchronously, the pressing portion 911 contacts the inclined surface 321d on the trip bar 320d of the operating mechanism 300d, and drives the trip bar 320d to rotate, so as to drive the operating mechanism 300d to trip, the operating mechanism 300d drives the linkage bar 810 to rotate through the lower connecting rod 320c, and the linkage bar 810 drives the corresponding contact support 410c and the contact support 410d to rotate synchronously through the corresponding rotating shaft, and the contact support 410c and the contact support 410d drive the corresponding moving contacts to rotate respectively, thereby realizing the opening. The trip bar 320d rotates to drive the operating mechanism 300d to trip, which is known in the art, and will not be described herein.

It should be noted that the number of the switch units in the insulating housing 100' may be two or three, or may be other numbers, for example, when the switch is in the 3P form, the number of the switch units is 3, and when the switch is in the 3p+n form, the number of the switch units may be 4, which may be adjusted according to the specific application of the product.

Example 6:

Referring to fig. 24, this embodiment discloses another switch, which is different from the fifth embodiment in that the setting of the second linkage mechanism 900 'is eliminated, the current fault protection device of the insulating housing 100' of this embodiment includes an actuator 510a and an electronic controller 520a, correspondingly, each switch unit is further provided with a current transformer 112a, when fault currents such as overload and short circuit occur in any switch unit, the current transformer 112a in the corresponding switch unit transmits current information to the electronic controller 520a, the electronic controller 520a sends a protection instruction to the actuator 510a according to the received current information, the actuator 510a drives a trip lever 320d of the operating mechanism 300d to rotate, thereby driving the operating mechanism 300d to trip, the operating mechanism 300d drives the operating lever 810 to rotate through the lower link 320c, and the corresponding contact support 410c and the contact support 410d are then driven to synchronously rotate through corresponding rotating shafts, and the contact support 410c and the contact support 410d are then driven to rotate correspondingly, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the switch.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electric switch, includes insulating housing (100) in insulating housing (100) with the direction of height stacks gradually and is provided with by a handle operation indirect drive contact carries out two at least switch units of electric switch-on or breaking, switch unit's operating device links to each other through first link (800), still is equipped with second link (900) between two adjacent switch units, the one end and the operating device swing joint of second link (900), and can receive the drive of the electric current short circuit fault protection device in each switch unit and transmit for operating device.

2. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least two switching units comprise at least one operating mechanism and the same number of contact systems as said switching units.

3. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that a current short-circuit fault protection device (600) is provided in the switching unit.

4. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching unit comprises an L-pole switching unit (200 a) in which an arc extinguishing system (500 a) is arranged and an N-pole switching unit (200 b) in which an arc extinguishing system (500 b) is arranged or in which no arc extinguishing system (500 b) is arranged.

5. An electrical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the first linkage (800) is connected to the handle of the adjacent switch unit or to the lower link of the operating mechanism and the contact support in each switch unit, respectively.

6. The electrical switch of claim 4, wherein the linkage plate (920) in the second linkage (900) receives a driving force from a previous pole operating mechanism and transfers the driving force to a trip bar of an operating mechanism of an adjacent pole.

7. The electrical switch of claim 5, wherein the second linkage (900) comprises a trip button (910) and a linkage plate (920), the trip button (910) being movably connected with the linkage plate (920) and the insulating housing (100), respectively.

8. The electrical switch according to claim 1, further comprising an incoming terminal (300) and an outgoing terminal (400), wherein the incoming terminal (300) or the outgoing terminal (400) is flush and/or stepped along the height direction end of the insulating housing (100) or is provided at the bottom of the insulating housing (100) along the horizontal direction of the insulating housing (100).

9. The electrical switch of claim 8, wherein the incoming terminal (300) and/or the outgoing terminal (400) are plug-in, bolt-type or screw-type.

10. The electrical switch of claim 1, wherein the handle (310) is either a direct-push type or a rotary type.

11. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that a current collector (110) is also provided.

12. The electrical switch of claim 11, wherein the current collector (110) comprises at least one of a residual current transformer (111), a current transformer (112), a shunt, a hall current sensor, a fluxgate current sensor, a rogowski coil, a reluctance current sensor, and a fiber optic current sensor.

13. An electrical switch according to claim 1 or 11, characterized in that an electronic controller (520) is also provided.

14. The electrical switch of claim 13, wherein the electronic controller (520) comprises a liquid crystal display (530).

15. The electrical switch of claim 13, wherein the electronic controller (520) further comprises a communication unit.

16. The electrical switch of claim 15, wherein the communication unit comprises wireless and/or wired communication means, the wireless communication comprising at least one of infrared, 4G, 5G, WIFI, bluetooth, zigBee, NB-IoT, and LoRa communication means, and the wired communication comprising at least one of HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, and CAN communication means.

17. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the insulating housings (100) is one, and that three switching units are provided in the insulating housings (100) in a stacked arrangement in the height direction.

18. An electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two insulating housings (100) arranged in succession in the width direction, each insulating housing (100) being provided with switching elements respectively, and the sum of the switching elements in the two insulating housings (100) being three or four.

19. An electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the at least two switch units are each provided with an arc extinguishing system, and wherein the arc extinguishing systems of the at least two switch units differ in external dimensions and/or in arrangement angle.